自考高级英语上册0600第15课课文逐字翻译
自考英语本科高级英语上下册课后短文翻译
1Rock music began in America in the late 1950’s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .In this forum , the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , warand peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a range of emotions between love andhate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefs and feelingsof their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were ElvisPresley , singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . Theywere the culture heroes whom the young people worshipped .2The American young people i n 1960’s were a generation of rebellion . They foundthat the affluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy .They didn’t trust the adult world that didn’t belong to them and refused to take their beliefs and values . Many young people took active part in the struggle whichprotested against poverty , racial discrimination and Vietnam War . Some youngpeople even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. Many other youngtook passive ways to show their disaffections . They took drugs , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers andlived a primitive way of life .3Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine,but it didn’t do any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been anumber of cases of diphtheria in Mathilda’s school and two of them had been dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson’s home , he wanted to examine Mthilda’s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn’t open her mouth . So the doctor hadto get the tongue depressor into her mouth . But Mathilda reduced it to splinters . Inorder to protect Mathilda herself and other children , the doctor had to make surewhether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time . Letting Mathilda‘s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she really haddiphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life canonly depend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seemsnecessary .4The need for laws on euthanasia can’t be dodged for much longer . Euthanasia is a taboo inmost countries . In these countries doctors can only practise it secretly . But it is openly practicedin some countries , such as Holland . Right now more and more countries are going over thearguments about legalizing euthanasia .When a patient suffers from illness for a long time and there is no hope of curing it , why dowe let him polong the throes ?Why can’t we practise euthanasia to stop the throes ?But if we legalize euthanasia , there will be a danger Someone may use it for killing . All inall , euthanasia is question we can’t dodge .5The American women made great c o ntributions to the nation’s development , butthey received different forms of prejudices because of their sex . In politics , they didall the tedious details that made the differene between victory and defeat on electionday and seldom had the chance to reach a better position , while the men reaped therewards . In economy , most women did the lower-paying and dead –end jobs andthey were paid less than the men for the same job . Many American people didn’t admit it was prejudice against women . They said it was only a different division oflabour in society . Even many women were content with their roles as second-classcitizens . So the author said it was a long painful struggle for the women to get realequality .6When I knew Magpie got a scholarship of a California University and could go tothe Fine Arts School to study , I was very pleased for him . I knew he wanted tobecome a poet all the time. I also knew he had a good talent . It was a very goodchance for him . So I went back to Crow Creek to tell him about the good news andlet him fill out some papers . But I didn’t find him at his home . His wife said they had not been together for a while and only heard he was in Chamberlain . Then I went forSalina and asked her to help me find Magpie . Salina said Magpie had changed a lotsince he was taken into prison . She thought he was not interested in going to theuniversity of white people . But I said Magpie had a right to know this news and makethe decision whether to go or not by himself . She agreed and took me to his goodfriend , Elgie . But when I could really see Magpie at last , he had been shot by thepolice .7Miss Brill was an English who lived in a coastal city in France . She was old andpoor . She would go to the park on every Sunday afternoon . She always sat on thesame bench , listening people around her talk , or watching other people’s lives i front of her . She suddenly had a feeling on that Sunday afternoon . She felt the lifewas like a play and she was one part of the community . She had a part in theperformance . At this time , the feeling of loneliness began to escape her .But just at this time she heard a couple of young people talk about her withcontempt . Even the young man asked her to leave in a low voice . The short feelingof happiness disappeared . she went home with a broken heart .8Man created language . It was man’s way of communicating with his fellow man . Thedifference between oral and written language was that oral language could take the human voice toinfuse it with the shades of deeper meaning . Flowers was nearly singing when she read A Tale ofTwo Cities . It sounded beautiful . Her reading made me realize the wonder of language. Mrs.Flowers gave me novels and poems . I learned value of life from these books and realized howbeautiful the language of literature works was .Man created language . It was man’s way of communicating with his fellow man . Thedifference between oral and written language was that oral language could take the human voice toinfuse it with the shades of deeper meaning . Flowers was nearly singing when she read A Tale ofTwo Cities . It sounded beautiful . Her reading made me realize the wonder of language. Mrs.Flowers gave me novels and poems . I learned value of life from these books and realized howbeautiful the language of literature works was .9television People have a short attention span . So in order to capture the viewer’s attention , must provide constant stimulation through variety , novelty , action and movement . The result ofdoing so is that news is too brief and results in inefficient communication . Many news programsm achine –gunning w ith scraps “and figh t coherence of mind.The appeal to the shortare like “ attention span will decivilize as well. To avoid complexity means to give up thinking . The“ functionally illiterates “ among adult Americans are continually increasing . They even do not know how to answer the want ad. Or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle . At leasttelevision should be responsible for part of it .10One night , two German military officers were murdered by Frenchmen . The nextday , a German officer declared to thirty French prisoners , “ My order is that one manin every ten shall be selected and shot tomorrow . That is to say , three of you thirtypeople will die tomorrow . We are indifferent as to which three . You can choose for yourselves .”The prisoners had a heated discussion about who should die. Someone said the old people should go first . This was the way of nature . Some people said the unmarriedshould go first because they had no responsibilities . At last , all consented to drawinglots to decide which three went to die . A rich lawyer unfortunately got the deathdraw . He said , “ I ‘ll give a hundred thousand francs to anyone who will die for me . “11Some people will fall asleep as soon as their heads touch the pillows . Some people cansleep although they have been lying in bed several hours . The more he wants to go to sleep , themore wakeful he is . I belong to the latter . When I write an essay , I feel an overpowering desirefor sleep . But when I go to bed , I can do anything but sleep . I can compose grand symphonies ,paint magnificent pictures and write good essays . The artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion ,but they are of no avail . When I can’t go to sleep at night , I imagine a dialogue with a friend till I either laugh or fall asleep . I find this is a good way to go to sleep .12As a very small child , I made up my mind to become a writer in future . When Ibecome a writer , what I have most wanted to do is to make political writing into awork of art . The opinion that art should have nothing to do with politics is wrong .Writing is exposing lies , protecting truth and also an aesthetic experience . AnimalFarm was the book in which I tried to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose intoone whole . Writing should serve the society and the public . This is the principle Imust follow . I f a writer lacks political purpose , he will only write some purplepassages , even some humbug .13The first thing Russell thinks is the most ordinary function of work , namely the relief oftedium. He thinks even the dullest work is less painful than idleness to most people . Then hetalks about how the work can provide the people with opportunities for their ambitions. Man, as amember of the society , hopes that he can procure more and more social achievements . He pointsout that most women are so unfortunate that they can not work outside their homes . They are deprived of this chance .It seems that different kinds of work give people satisfaction to different degrees . Russellstudies the concerning two chief elements , that is the exercise of skill and construction .When heanalyzes the latter , Russell finds an opportunity to express his profound hatred to the war andsocial violence .14John F. Kerry was a discharged veteran from Vietnam War and took part in the investigation held in Detroit in December in 1970 . He thought the purpose for theveterans to attend the investigation was not only to confess their war crimes in orderto purge their souls . It was not the individual but the American government thatshould have been responsible for the war crimes . He hoped to arouse the sense of responsibility of American people by this text . He criticized that the mass of peoplein America lit erally didn’t give a damn and pointed out that the policy of theAmerican government was hypocritical. He revealed the veterans’ miserable conditions after they came back : racial discrimination ,drug taking , unemployment ,no good medical care , etc. In the end he told the readers that members of Vietnam Veterans Against the War would march on Washington to the Capitol . Their most important demand was that the government set a date for withdrawl of troops from Vietnam, otherwise , they would camp and sta y there and won’t move .15The author first pointed out that American and European women expended a largesum of money on cosmetics in order to make them look younger and more beautiful .women who were notUnlike the people of 19th century , they didn’t think that onlyvirtuous could use cosmetics . But the author worried that women only paid attentionto their appearances and ignored the necessity to overcome the ugliness of theirhearts . He thought the people would be really beautiful only when the human beings had an opportunity to live harmoniously . But the author did not think the objective could be realized .16The three interviewers hid the truth of the firm to McDeere and only told him that the firm mainly did tax work . The clients of the firm were all big corporations , banks and wealthy people . Although the firm was not large in size and only consisted of forty –one lawyers , the salaries an all other benefits of the members were incredibly high . For the first year , McDeere could receive a base salary of eighty thousand dollars , plus bonuses , a low –interest mortgage and a luxurious car . If he worked hard , he would become a partner in ten years . If he put in ten more years , he could be a millionaire .All these were very appealing to Mcdeere . He agreed to accept this job without hesitation . But he could not imagine that he mistakenly went into a lawyer firm which was controlled by a black organization and specialized in illegal activities .1It’s not easy to work in a big comp a ny . There is strict hierarchy in the company , and if you hope to be successful and get promotion , you have to obey directions and disciplines in additionto bear heavy pressure of work and work hard . Every day you are under rigid supervision and livein panic . If what you do is a job which will not provide you any chance to get promotion and forsome reasons you have no way to find another job , you will be bored with it and feel dull . Youwill be in despair , lose ambition and working motivation , and finally become a mediocre .2Eveline agreed to marry Frank –an Irish sailor who lived in Buenos Ayres . They got to know each other when Frank just came back Dublin to spend his holidays . They would go to Buenos Ayres by boat that night . The boat was going to leave in a few hours , but she was still in doubtwhether it was wise or not to go to such a distant country with Frank . Although she didn’amiliar with ,job in the store , and her father didn’t treat her well , it was the only life that she was fafter all . Besides , Eveline had promised to her mother that she would keep the home together aslong as she could before her mother died . But the vision of the miserable life of her mother madeher feel horrible . She would live a happy life with Frank .But she changed her mind before boarding the boat . The boat left with Frank . Everybodydreamed of happy life , but one must have courage to realize his dream .3Television has much more advantages than newspapers . When watching TV, we use our eyes aswell as ears ; we can see the words and picture on the screen , and listen to the language and musicas well . TV news broadcasting is quicker than that of newspapers . But television lives oncommercial advertising to an even greater extent than newspapers . Profits drive television to caterto the lowest instinct of man . There are violence and sex in entertainment programmes ofAmerican television . Very often , television coverage of news is superficial and inadequate .There are a lot of problems in American newspapers too . the most prominent problem is thatnewspapers distort fact , and attack the countries ,people and the social systems which Americansdo not like .4The life circle includes birth , being old , and death . Death is an unavoidable end for everybody .Aging is the neglected period of human life circle . Death happens within a few seconds whileaging is a long period which means illness , poverty , and loneliness advertisements and travelfolders show relaxed , happy , well-dressed older people enjoying recreation,travel and theirgrandchildren . But all these can not be enjoyed by the poor elder . They have to struggle tosurvive in old age . Many old people struggle to exist in an inhospitable world . There are moreand more old people in the world now , and the government of every country is beginning to payattention to the problems of old people .5Mrs . Wright was a town girl before she married John Wright and lived in his farm . She used to bea lively girl who liked singing . But during the thirty years living together with Wright , she totallychanged . Wright was miserly and never paid attention to his wife’s needs . There was no joy in their house , and even the neighbours were reluctant to call at their house . One winter morning ,Mr. Hale , their neighbour , found that Wright was strangled on his bed .Mrs Wright said that shedidn’t know who killed her husband . Her behaviour was very queer . She didn’t call the police but just sat in the rocker rocking back and forth in the kitchen . The policemen arrested her . Nextmorning , county sheriff and county attorney took Hale back to the farm to investigate who hadkilled Wright .6The county sheriff and county attorney couldn’t find out any sign of anyone having come from theoutside , and they were sure that Wright had been killed by his wife . In order to make juriesbelieve the story , they had to find out Mrs . Wright’s motive for killing her husband , but they failed . While they were busy investigating ,the two women sitting in the kitchen found a deadcanary which was wrapped up in a piece of silk lying in a box . The canary had been wrung todeath . The two women could imagine what kind of life Mrs . Wright had spent while living withWright in this house . They didn’t want the box containing the dead canary to be seen by sheriffand county attorney . In order to protect Mrs . Wright , they hid the box .7Ace was in a plight . He lost the job and was afraid to see his wife .Evey had to work as asaleswoman because Ace could not earn enough money to support the family . She was alwaysvery tired after working a whole day . She always had no time to cook dinner . now he wassacked , so he was worried that Evey would be ma d . Ace ‘s mother took care of their daughterBonnie for them . Evey always took Bonnie back , but Ace went to take Bonnie that day . Acemother was glad that Ace lost the job , for she thought Ace should have a better job . Evey was notvery angry with Ace this time , but did Ace get rid of the plight ?8Why are so many people overweight in the United States ? Most people may say that there are tworeasons . One is that American food is tasty ; the other is that they take few exercises . But theauthor doesn’t think this way . He proposes such a hypothesis that people eat in order to satisfy thesense of taste . When food has the flavor of library paste , people need to eat more so as to satisfycauses the blandness of American food which is the realS cience “ the frustrated taste buds . “ reason why obesity has become a national curse . We should not be very serious about the authorstrange opinion which is merely a way that the author used to satirize the American food .9I was born , grew up and finished high school in Watts , so I have deep feelings to Watts . Idecided to make a career in Watts because it was supposed to be impossible . At that time , manyyoung blacks left Watts in droves . They thought they could make a career only outside the ghetto .I also left Watts and went to study in Oxford University and Yale University . The riots in ghetto in1960s showed the ever increasing militancy of the blacks . The riots were the most significanthistory . Themassive action taken by Northern Negroes . It was a watershed in the ghetto’sdeepest impact of the riots was on the people of Watts . I will never escape from the ghetto . I havestaked my all on its future . Watts is my home .10Customers have different values about products and services . Some customers demand low priceswith the least inconvenience . Some customers don’t care much about the prices , but they demand that the products should represent the hottest style and technology on the market . Other customersdemand that products and services should meet their specific needs . Thus , if a company hopes tobecome the market leader and keep its edge , it must focus on one dimension and create abreakthrough to reach new heights of performance according to its own situation . It can winthrough cost or with great products or through customer intimacy .11Human beings have four major desires ; acquisitiveness , rivalry , vanity and love of power .Acquisitiveness is the wish to possess as much as possible of goods . Satiety is a dream which willalways elude you . Acquisitiveness is the mainspring of the capitalist system , but rivalry is amuch stronger motive than acquisitiveness . Vanity is a motive of immense potency . It is scarcelypossible to exggerate the influence of vanity throughout the range of human life . But love ofpower is a motive which overweighs vanity . love of power is insatiable . Love of power is by farthe strongest motive in the lives of important men . love of power is greatly increased by theexperience of power .12Jerry ----Marian’s son -----had to join the army and was sent to Vietnam to fight a losing battleshortly after he spent twenty –year –old birthday . Later , he was captured in one battle and wassent to a prison –compound . Young Jerry couldn’t stand such a heavy blow and broke down . thehandsome young man changed into another person . He was expressionless with a dull look in hiseyes . His face muscles were jerking . He looked like an idiot . Marian’s heart broke when sh her idiot son in the newsreel . What made her relieved was the fact that her son was still alive andshe would wait for her son patiently .13Huxley states in the article that most people are snobs about something . He says that some peopleeven feel that they are important just because of having certain diseases . But so far I have nevermet any disease –snobs . In china , during the Culture Revolution , the snobbery of family and thesnobbery of ignorance and stupidity were most popular . Twenty years later , modernity –snobberyis making headway today . our media encourage modernity –snobbery desperately . TVadvertisements urge people to buy new goods . In addition , they make you feel that you areshameful if you don’t have the most fashionable goods . For u p-to-dateness means that you arewealthy , and wealth is a symbol of strong capability . Only a man knowing his own mind canresist the flood of propaganda .14work ,Arthur likes to go fishing along the canal on Sunday mornings . After six days’ tiring labor he wants to leave the factory , leave the city as soon as possible to go to the tranquil countrysideand sit by the canal , fishing . He thinks it is a best way to relax himself and a best way to forgetall the troubles . The factory is dirty stinking and ugly and people do not want to stay there for onemore minute . The countryside has a picturesque view : fresh air , enchanting spring scene , greengrass and trees , fragrant earth . The factory is hell while the countryside is heaven .15Most people believe that American education is of the highest quality in the world , but the authorhas his unique opinion . He thinks that there are serious problems in American education . The lowquality of American education can not be faulted on the low teaching level . Teachers are workinghard , but the problem is that they are teaching so rigidly that they work rigidly from the approvedrigidly programmed primers . They are afraid of losing the job . They can’t cultivate rare geniu this way . Another serious problem in american education is that children are not taught how torespect and inherit cultural heritage of human beings . What the author states here is the situationof primary education . Are the secondary education and higher education in the same situation .?16Jerry was tired of swimming and sunbathing . He wanted to swim down to the bottom of the sea tosee what it was like there and play with other boys . But he felt he should not leave his widowedmother alone . His mother was also considerate of him . she hoped Jerry to stay on the safe beachwith her care at his side . But she was afraid that her son felt that she tried to keep him close andshe was possessive . Her son was eleven years old . She should give him freedom , and let him gowherever he likes to go . He could take care of himself without her . When Jerry swam far , hekept looking back to see whether his mother was still on the beach .。
《高级英语》第一册课文7-15翻译、词汇_张汉熙
Learn General Secretary on "two to learn a" strengthening "four Consciousnesses" important speech caused a strong reaction in the country. Time, watching "red treasure", the origin of building the party back to power, how to strengthen services for the masses, improve party cohesion, fighting to become the grass-roots party members and masses hot topic. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres, the pioneer spirit. Distribution of grass-roots party organizations in all walks of people, clothing, shelter, which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses. Strengthen the party ahead of the "pedal" spirit; strengthen the party members and cadres "success does not have to be me" and "the first to bear hardships, the last to" service spirit to set the party's positive image among the people is important. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to cleanse all people not happy not to see "stereotypes", establish the honest faithful, diligent faith for the people. No need to avoid mentioning that, some members of our party can not stand the "money," corrosion of temptation, thin, Xu Zhou, such abuse and corrupt bribery, malfeasance borers, and rats. Two, is to clean up, thin, Xu, Zhou's solution to restore the party's fresh and natural, solid and honest work style. Cleansing "take, eat, card," undesirable and behaviour, "cross, hard and cold, push" attitude. Grass-roots party organizations "two" is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members, participating in consciousness, unity consciousness. For reasons known, members of grass-roots party branches less mobile, less resources, and the construction of party organizations have some lag. Two studies, is to focus on the grass-roots party branches "loose, soft, loose" problem, advance the party members and cadres, "a gang working", "Hong Kong report." Strong cleanup actions, style and rambling, presumptuous "unqualified" party members, pays special attention to party members and cadres "joining party of thought" problem. "Party building" is obtained in the long-term development of our party's historical experience accumulated. Two is our party under the new historical conditions, strengthen the party's construction of a new "rectification movement." Grass-roots party organizations should always catch the hard work, results-oriented. Two educational outcomes are long-term oriented and become an important impetus for the work. "Two" should have three kinds of consciousness "two" study and education, basic learning lies in the doing. Only the Constitution address the series of party rules, and do solid work, be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis. Only the "learning" and "do" real unity, to form a "learn-learn-do-do" the virtuous cycle, and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education. This requires that the Organization《高级英语》第一册课文翻译及词汇章美芳第七课神奇的集成电路片时代 (1)第八课互相作用的生活 (1)第九课马克•吐温——美国的一面镜子 (6)第十课震撼世界的审判 (13)第十一课词典的用途究竟何在? (21)第十二课潜水鸟 (29)第十三课大不列颠望洋兴叹 (40)第十四课阿真舍湾 (46)第十五课海上无路标 (62)learning education, need three kinds of consciousness: one is to establish an integrated awareness. "Learning" and "do" what car isTwo-wheel, bird wings, need to go hand in hand, one end can be neglected. Communist theoretician and man. Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value. "Learning" is the Foundation, the Foundation is not strong, shaking; " "Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts. "Two" education, "" lay the basis, going to "do" the key grip, so that the "learning" and "doing" back to standard, so that the majority of party members "learn" learning theory of nutrients, in the "doing" practice party's purposes. Second, to establish a sense of depth. "Learning" and "do" not Chu drawn, entirely different, but the organic unity of the whole. "Two" learning education, we need to explore integrating "learning" in "do", exhibit "do" in "Science". To avoid the "learning" into simple room instruction, "do" into a monotone for doing. Should exploration "learn" in the has "do", "do" in the has "learn" of education and practice of carrier, makes general grass-roots members can in "learn" in the has "do" of achievements sense, in "do" in the has "learn" of get sense, real makes party of theory brain into heart, put for people service concept outside of Yu shaped. Third, to adhere to long-term the awareness. Style construction on the road forever, "two" had to catch the long-term. "Two" study and education, by no means, assault-style wind-sport, but the recurrent education within the party. In recent years, the party's mass line education practice and "three-three" special education in grass-roots borne rich fruits, vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit. "Two" greater need to focus on longer hold long-term, to establish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education, focusing on the creation of long-term education, strive to make the vast number of party members to maintain their vanguard Color, maintain the party's advanced nature and purity. Awareness-raising, antennas and atmosphere – a discussion on how leading cadres of party members "two" current, "two" activity is in full swing up and down the country, party cadres as a "key minority" is both a barometer and impetus. The "two" meaning enough deep, is to determine the party cadres can resolve to study hard first. In the "two" in the process, some cadres of himself, standing long, high awareness, that Constitution Party rules is simple, its not worth bothering some party cadres think speak series has nothing to do with the grass-roots work, water business learning series of speeches seen as window dressing. These "lazy, casual, and decadent" ideas learning lacks motivation, a serious impediment to "two" effect. John Stuart Mill once said, only a basic element of human thought patterns change dramatically, human destiny can make great improvement. The same, only party members and第七课神奇的集成电路片时代(节选)新生的微型技术将使社会发生巨变1这是一个极小的薄片，只有大约四分之一英寸见方。
自考高级英语上册_Lesson_15_The_Beauty_Industry
2011-01-21 22:35:03【】Lesson 15: The Beauty Industry美容用品业The one American industry unaffected by the general depression of trade is the beamy industry.美国工业中惟一未受贸易大萧条影响的是美容用品业。
American women continue to spend on their faces and bodies as much as they spent before the coming of the slump經濟蕭條前—about three million pounds a week.美国妇女仍不断在她们的脸上和身体上花费与经济萧条到来之前同样多的钱——每周约300万英镑。
These facts and figures are "official", and can he accepted as being substantially 充分true.这些事实与数字都是官方的，可大致属实。
Reading them. I was only surprised by the comparative 相對較小smallness of the sums expended.当读到这时，我只为花费的数目相对较小而感到惊奇。
From the prodigious巨大number of advertisements of aids to beauty contained in the American magazines,从美国杂志上铺天盖地的化妆品广告来看，I had imagined that the personal appearance business must stand high up among the champions of American industry—the equal, or only just less than the equal, of bootlegging販賣私酒and racketeering,敲詐勒索movies and automobiles.从美国杂志上铺天盖地的化妆品广告来看，我原以为美容用品业一定居美国工业群雄之首，与贩卖私酒和敲诈勒索，电影和汽车业并驾齐驱或稍逊一筹。
高级英语第一册课文翻译
高级英语第一册课文翻译第一课中东的集市中东的集市仿佛把你带回到了几百年、甚至几千年前的时代。
此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。
你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场，然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。
这市场一直向前延伸，一眼望不到尽头，消失在远处的阴影里。
赶集的人们络绎不绝地进出市场，一些挂着铃铛的小毛驴穿行于这熙熙攘攘的人群中，边走边发出和谐悦耳的叮当叮当的响声。
市场的路面约有十二英尺宽，但每隔几码远就会因为设在路边的小货摊的挤占而变窄；那儿出售的货物各种各样，应有尽有。
你一走进市场，就可以听到摊贩们的叫卖声，赶毛驴的小伙计和脚夫们大着嗓门叫人让道的吆喝声，还有那些想买东西的人们与摊主讨价还价的争吵声。
各种各样的噪声此伏彼起，不绝于耳，简直叫人头晕。
随后，当往市场深处走去时，人口处的喧闹声渐渐消失，眼前便是清静的布市了。
这里的泥土地面，被无数双脚板踩踏得硬邦邦的，人走在上面几乎听不到脚步声了，而拱形的泥砖屋顶和墙壁也难得产生什么回音效果。
布店的店主们一个个都是轻声轻气、慢条斯理的样子；买布的顾客们在这种沉闷压抑的气氛感染下，自然而然地也学着店主们的榜样，变得低声细语起来。
中东集市的特点之一是经销同类商品的店家，为避免相互间的竞争，不是分散在集市各处，而是都集中在一块儿，这样既便于让买主知道上哪儿找他们，同时他们自己也可以紧密地联合起来，结成同盟，以便保护自己不受欺侮和刁难。
例如，在布市上，所有那 1些卖衣料、窗帘布、椅套布等的商贩都把货摊一个接一个地排设在马路两边，每一个店铺门面前都摆有一张陈列商品的搁板桌和一些存放货物的货架。
讨价还价是人们习以为常的事。
头戴面纱的妇女们迈着悠闲的步子从一个店铺逛到另一个店铺，一边挑选一边问价；在她们缩小选择范围并开始正儿八经杀价之前，往往总要先同店主谈论几句，探探价底。
对于顾客来说，至关重要的一点是，不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪样东西、想买哪样东西的。
大学高级英语第一册第15课译文及课后答案
※ 今夜的一弯新月仰面斜躺在天空，这是月亮在热带地区常见的姿势。在我看来，这种姿势对一个少女来说虽说有些不雅，但却还是适宜的。没有哪一颗星星不愿飞射下来接受邀请做她的情人。当船上的其他乘客最后一个个都回舱就寝之后，我一个人又悄悄爬上空荡荡的甲板，滑人游泳池，在水面上浮游着。这时我已不再是人们所熟悉的那位在远洋海轮上度假的中年记者了，而是一个无拘无束的沐浴着天池神水的自由快乐的人，就像神话中那位有天神作父亲并有一双奥林匹斯山诸神所赐的观察人世的慧眼的年轻健壮的恩底弥翁。我只觉身体四肢轻飘飘的没有任何重量，并且和夜的世界合为一体。我悟出了泛神论的真正意义。我的那些朋友们若知道我已变成这样，他们不知会笑成什么样子!在享受着这暖风浴肤，凉水托体所带来的清新快感时，我相信我的心灵也得到了净化，丢弃了凡人皆有的种种弱点，变得不会嫉妒，没有野心，没有恶意，与世无争。照我想象，那些虔诚的教徒在做完庄严的忏悔仪式离开忏悔室时，他们心灵得到净化的感觉一定就像我此时的感觉一样。
※ 有时，劳拉和我一起倚在船尾栏杆上，这对我是一种幸福。倘是在白天，我们凭栏远眺大海，只见海面上时而翻卷起白色的浪花，时而平静得宛若一幅微微飘动起伏着的蓝色缎面，完全见不到翻起的浪花，只有我们的轮船驶过之处才泛起一道道如大理石般的波纹。若是在夜晚，我们翘首望天，这儿的夜空比故乡的更黑，星光却显得更加璀璨。此时此景令我不由想起一个粗通文墨的士兵在日记中写的这样一句话：“星星看起来就像一个黑锅盖上挖的许多小窟窿，透过这些小窟窿可以看见锅盖外面的亮光。”有时候那些没念过书的人信笔涂鸦写的东西倒也有那么两下子。
可是看看现在的我吧，竟然像一个老处女正用水彩画着西下的残阳，十分地多愁善感!我曾自诩为老成持重，现在却意识到自己原来这么幼稚无知。就像那个改弦易辙的克洛维一样，我竟然对自己过去所鄙视的一切开始热爱起来，并且还要遭受少年初恋的痛苦。我想在离开人世之前尽情享受一切美好的东西。我不知道也不想知道自己身处何方。茫茫大海无路标。
00006自考高级英语-上下册-单词中英文释义表格
clod
n
[usually pl.] a lump of earth or clay土块，块
Clutter
vt
clutter sth（up）(with sth/sb）to fill a place with too many things, so that it is untidy：使杂乱,散乱
lyrics
n
1.lyrics［pl。] the words of a song：歌词；
2.［C] a lyric poem抒情诗
onstage
adv
on the stage in a theatre；in front of an audience:在台上，上台
piety
n
［U] the state of having or showing a deep respect for sb/sth, especially for God and religion；the state of being pious虔诚
rebellion
n
1.[U，C］an attempt by some of the people in a country to change their government, using violenceSYN uprising：反叛
2。［U, C］opposition to authority within an organization, a political party, etc.:反抗
Dwindling
adj
(also dwindle away）to gradually become less and less or smaller and smaller:减少，缩小
00006自考高级英语-上下册-单词中英文释义表格
adulation
n
[U] (formal) admiration and praise, especially when this is greater than is necessary过分赞美，奉承
amphitheater
n
a large circular building without a roof and with many rows of seats圆形露天剧场
formidable
adj
if people, things or situations are formidable，you feel fear and/or respect for them，because they are impressive or powerful, or because they seem very difficult：大而可怕的,令人畏惧的;难以应付的
Expedient
n
an action that is useful or necessary for a particular purpose, but not always fair or right:权宜之计，应急措施
Flee
vi
[no passive]flee (from）sb/sth｜flee（to … / into … )to leave a person or place very quickly, especially because you are afraid of possible danger：逃离逃避
彻底清除
clod
n
［usually pl。] a lump of earth or clay土块,块
自考高级英语上册Lesson 15 the Beauty Industry
• He tried to cultivate the people who can be useful to him in his business. 他试图培养对他的事业有用的人。
• She often reads the best authors in an attempt to cultivate her mind.她常 为陶冶情操而阅读最优秀作家的作品。
• Concession: n. Conceding妥协，让步 • At last, one party made the
• We had to retrench our expenditure because of inflation.因通货膨胀我们不 得不减少开支。
preserve, reserve
• preserve: keep in good condition保护， 保存好
• Ancient Egyptians knew of means to preserve dead bodies from decay.古埃 及人知道保护尸体不腐烂的方法。
• The diffusion of knowledge is through books and lectures.知识的传播是通过书 和讲座进行的。
such as it is
• 意为“虽然并不是怎么样的东西，虽然并 无多大价值”。
• e.g. You can use my car ,such as it is.
• 你可以用我的车，虽然并不是什么好车。
badly off
• in a poor position, esp, financially, in want of money贫困潦倒，缺钱
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Lesson 15:The Beauty Industry美容用品业The one American industry unaffected by the general depression of trade is the beauty industry.美国工业中惟一未受贸易大萧条影响的是美容用品业。
American women continue to spend on their faces and bodies as much as they spent before the coming of the slump經濟蕭條前—about three million pounds a week.美国妇女仍不断在她们的脸上和身体上花费与经济萧条到来之前同样多的钱——每周约300万英镑。
These facts and figures are "official", and can he accepted as being substantially 充分true.这些事实与数字都是官方的，可大致属实。
Reading them. I was only surprised by the comparative 相對較小smallness of the sums expended.当读到这时，我只为花费的数目相对较小而感到惊奇。
From the prodigious巨大number of advertisements of aids to beauty contained in the American magazines,从美国杂志上铺天盖地的化妆品广告来看，I had imagined that the personal appearance business must standhigh up among the champions of American industry—the equal, or only just less than the equal, of bootlegging販賣私酒and racketeering,敲詐勒索movies and automobiles.从美国杂志上铺天盖地的化妆品广告来看，我原以为美容用品业一定居美国工业群雄之首，与贩卖私酒和敲诈勒索，电影和汽车业并驾齐驱或稍逊一筹。
Still, one hundred and fifty-six million pounds a year is a tidy 相當大的sum.虽然如此，每年1亿5，600万英镑是一个相当不小的数目，Rather more than twice the revenue收入of India, if I remember rightly.如果我没有记错的话，超出印度年收入的两倍。
I do not know what the European figures are. Much smaller undoubtedly.我不知道欧洲的数字是多少，毫无疑问要小得多。
Europe is poor, and a face can cost as much in upkeep as a Rolls-Royce.欧洲很穷，保养一张脸需要花费和保养一辆罗尔斯——罗伊斯牌汽车一样多的钱。
The most that the majority of European women can do is just to wash and hope for the best.大多欧洲妇女最多只能洗洗脸，听天由命。
Perhaps the soap will produce its loudly advertised effects;也许肥皂会产生广告中大肆宣扬的效果，perhaps it will transform them into the likeness of those ravishing creatures who smile so rosily and creamily紅潤白嫩, so peachily艷如桃李and pearlily美若珠肌, from every hoarding廣告牌.也许能把她们变成像那些在每块广告牌上绽开令人陶醉的红润白嫩、艳如桃李、美若珠玑般笑容的女郎。
Perhaps, on the other hand, it may not.另一方面，或许肥皂不具有这种效能。
In any case, the more costly experiments in beautification are still as much beyond most European means as are high-powered motor-cars and electric refrigerators.无论怎样，在装饰自己上更为昂贵的试验和大马力汽车及电冰箱一样都是欧洲人的经济能力所不及的。
Even in Europe, however, much more is now spent on beauty than was ever spent in the past.然而即使在欧洲，如今花在化妆品上的钱比过去任何时候都要多得多，Not quite so much more as in America, that is all.只不过比起美国来要逊色些罢了。
But, everywhere, the increase has been undoubtedly enormous.增長無疑是巨大的但无论在任何地方，增长无疑是巨大的。
The fact is significant.这一事实意义重大。
To what is it due?为什么会出现这种现象呢？In part, I suppose, to a general increase in prosperity繁榮.我认为部分是由于普遍增长的繁荣。
The rich have always cultivated their personal appearance.有钱的人总是追求个人容貌的修饰，The diffusion擴散of wealth—such as it is—now permits those of the poor who are less badly off than their fathers to do the same.财富的扩散——尽管程度并不大，境况比其父辈稍好一些的穷人也能这样做。
But this is, clearly, not the whole story.但显然这并非事情的全部。
The modern cult of beauty is not exclusively 不隻是a function (in the mathematical sense) of wealth.现代对美貌的狂热崇拜并不只是财富的作用（从数学意义上看），If it were, then the personal appearance industries would have been as hardly hit by the trade depression as any other business. 因为如果是这样，那么美容用品业就会和其他企业一样受到贸易萧条的沉重打击。
But, as we have seen, they have not suffered.但是正如我们所见，它并未受到损失。
Women are retrenching緊縮on other things than their faces.女人们在美容之外的一切方面紧缩开支，The cult of beauty must therefore be symptomatic of changes that have taken place outside the economic sphere.因而对美貌的狂热崇拜必定表现了经济领域以外产生的变化。
Of what changes? Of the changes, I suggest, in the status of women; of the changes in our attitude towards "the merely physical."單純是肉體的變化什么变化？我认为表现了妇女地位的变化，表现了我们对“单纯是肉体”的态度的变化。
Women, it is obvious, are freer than in the past.很显然，妇女比过去自由了，Freer not only to perform the generally unenviable social functions hitherto 迄今為止reserved保留to the male,不仅在完成迄今为止由男性完成的并值得羡慕的社会职能上比较自由了，but also freer to exercise the more pleasing, feminine privilege of being attractive.而且在运用更令人愉快的女性吸引力的特权上比较自由了。
They have the right, if not to be less virtuous than their grandmothers, at any rate to look less virtuous貞淑.如果她们没有权利不如祖母们贞淑，至少可以有权利看起来不那么贞淑。
The British Matron, not long since a creature of austere嚴峻and even terrifying aspect,英国的命妇不久前还是神色严厉可怕的人物，now does her best to achieve and perennially 永久preserve保持the appearance of what her predecessor前輩would have described as a Lost Woman. She often succeeds.现在也尽一切努力获得并常年保持她的前辈会称作为荡妇的外表,她们常能做到这点。
But we are not shocked—at any rate, not morally shocked.但我们并不感到震惊，至少在道德上没有震惊。
Aesthetically shocked—yes; we may sometimes be that. But morally, no.审美上受到震惊——是的，有时是这样，但道德上没有We concede 讓步that the Matron is morally justified正當的inbeing preoccupied with her personal appearance.我们作出让步，承认命妇专注于个人容貌在道德上是正当的，This concession讓步depends on another of a more general nature—a concession to the Body, with a large B, to the Manichaean principle of evil这一让步是基于另一个性质更为一般的让步，即将带有大写B的肉体让与摩尼教中说的邪恶，For we have now come to admit that the body has its rights.因为我们现在已经承认了肉体具有自己的权利。