2015分析国考教师资格证英语卷案例
2015年上半年全国统考教师资格考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》(高级中学)真题及详解【圣才出品】
2015年上半年全国统考教师资格考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》（高级中学）真题及详解一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）在毎小题列出的四个备选选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑、错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．Which of the following shows the proper pronunciation of“whose”in the sentence“In American,Li stayed in a family whose landlady could help him with his English.”?______.A．/hus/B．/huz/C．/hu:s/D．/hu:z/【答案】B【解析】“whose”美音音标为[huz]。
2．In terms of the place of articulation,[t],[d],[s],[z],[n]are all______.A．palatalB．alveolarC．bilabialD．dental【答案】B【解析】以上五种音标都属于齿槽音。
alveolar齿槽音，即发音时借助舌头和牙齿间隙而发出的辅音。
3．In Rome,tourists may easily get_____because all the streets look the same.A．disorientedB．deludedC．distractedD．delineated【答案】A【解析】题干句意为：在罗马游客很容易分不清方向，因为所有的街道看起来都一样的。
A项，disoriented无判断力的，分不清方向或目标的，符合句意。
B项，deluded轻信的，受蒙骗的；C项，心烦意乱的，思想不集中的；D项，delineated描绘。
4．He immediately replied with an_____YES to the request that he attend the public hearing.A．effectiveB．eloquentC．emotionalD．emphatic【答案】D【解析】题干句意为：他立即肯定的回答他参加公开听证会。
2015上半年教师资格考试高中英语真题
2014年上半年中小学和幼儿园教师资格考试英语学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1.Sip and zip,tip and dip,map and nap are all＿＿.A.minimal pairsB.diphthongsC.allophonesD.phonemes2.Which of the following words in bold is pronunced with a falling tone?A.Do you have any specials?B.You’re kidding…he has lost his job?C.When will we have the exam,today or tomorrow?D.The flat has a kitchen,a living room,two bedrooms,and a bath.3.We’d better makes a clear＿＿between competence and performance for the convince of our discussion.A.separationB.divisionC.distinctionD.difference4.It has been suggested that all government officials＿＿information on their income.A.dissentB.discloseC.unfoldD.uncover5.The children lined up and walked out＿＿.A.in personB.in privateC.in orderD.in progress6.It was not until dawn＿＿the snowcapped peak in the remote in Tibet.A.that they sightedB.did they sightC.that they did not sightD.had they sighted7. ＿＿enough time and money,the investigators would have been able to discover more evidence in this case.A.GivingB.GivenC.To giveD.Being given8.Criticism and self-criticism are necessary＿＿they may help us to find out and correct our mistakes.A.by thatB.at thatC.on thatD.in that9.What maxim is flouted in such ext reme example of tautologies as “Boys are boys”,and “Lies are lies”?A.The maxim of quantity.B.The maxim of qualityC.The maxim of relevance.D.The maxim of manner.10.Sociolinguists study varieties of language and,accordingly,will be interested in the analysis of all od the following EXCEPT＿＿.A.regional dialectB.registerC.figures of speechD.social dialect11.In a listening activiey,students are asked to note down the time and places of events.The aim of this activity is to develop the skill of ＿＿.A.listening for giseB.listening for specific informationC.listening for structureD.listening for vocabulary12.Which of the follwing can NOT be used as a pre-reading task?A.Predicting what a passage is about.B.Creating a word wev ralated to a topic.C.Listening to the recording of a passage.D.Sharing what is already known about a topic.13.Which of the following does a teacher want his/her students to develop if he/she guides them to take notes key words,abbreviations and symbols?A.Cultural awareness.nguage awareness.C.Learning strategies.nguage knowledge.14.If a teacher gives commands in English and asks students to show understanding by action or gestures,he/she is most probably using＿＿.municative ApproahcB.Audio-lingual ApproachC.Grammar Translation MethodD.Total Physical Response15.According to The National English Curriculuim Standards,the language knowledge students are required to learn consists of phonetics,vocabulary,grammar, ＿＿.A.funcion and themeB.culture and societyC.literature and linguisticsD.discouse and genre16.There are two syllables in the word “motto”./au/occurs in both syllables,but the first one is longer than the second because＿＿. A.it is stressed B.it comes before a consonantC.it is in the first syllableD.it comes between two consonants17.Whcih of the following should a teacher avoid when using an ELT course book?A.Selecting appropriate supporting materials and resources.B.Interpreting curriculum goals and its expectations for the couse.C.Planning lessons in relation to specific goals,topics,texts,and tasks.D.Implementing everything in the book without considering students’needs and levels.18.To assess how well students are able to apply what they have learned in completing a given task,a teacher would use＿＿assessment.A.performanceB.selfpetenceD.peer19.Popular as it might be,the Presentation-Practice-Producion teaching model is not considered appropriate in teaching＿＿.A.phoneticsB.grammarC.vocabularyD.reading20.If a teacher starts with language examples and guides students to work out the rules,he/she is using the＿＿method.A.deductiveB.conduciveC.inductiveD.consturctive请阅读Passage 1，完成第21-25小题。
2015上半年教师资格证《高中英语学科知识》真题及答案解读
2015上半年教师资格证《高中英语学科知识》真题及答案一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1.Which of the following shows the proper pronunciation of “whose” in the sentence “In American，Li stayed in a family whose landlady could help him with his English”？A．[hus] B．[huz]C．[hu：s] D．[hu：z]2.In terms of the place of articulation，[t][d][z][s][n]are al l＿＿.A.palatalB.alveolarC.bilabialD.dental3.In Rome，tourists may easily get＿＿because all the streets look the same.A.disorientedB.deludedC.distractedD.delineated4.He immediately replied with an ＿＿“YES” to the request that he attend the public hearing.A.effectiveB.eloquentC.emotionalD.emphatic5.Perseverance，modesty and opportunity are the＿＿factors for the girl’s success in her career.A.contributedB.contributingC.contributorD.contribution6.Through doing this，the teacher will be able to ascertain the extent to＿＿the children understand what they are reading.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what7.Before you leave the office，＿＿all lights are out.A.see whichB.seeing thatC.to see thatD.see to it that8.＿＿she heard her grandfather was born in Germany.A.That was from her mumB.It was her mum thatC.It was from her mum thatD.It was her mum whom9.In ordinary conversations，participants are expected，first of all，to＿＿，otherwise，communication would break down.A.stand straightB.coordinateC.speak the truthD.cooperate10.The language used to describe the language itself is called＿＿.A.paralanguageB.special languageC.metalanguageD.interlanguage11.The first P in the PPP teaching model stands for＿＿，which aims to get learners to perceive the form and meaning of a structure.A.practiceB.productionC.presentationD.preparation12.The main objective of mechanical practice is to help learners to absorb thoroughly the＿＿of a language item.A.meaningB.functionC.contextD.form13.The＿＿method is more fitted to the explicit presentation of grammar when the basic structure is being identified.A.inductiveB.contrastiveparativeD.deductive14.Which of the following can be regarded as a communicative language task？rmation-gap activity.B.Dictation.C.Sentence transformation.D.Blank-filling.15.If a teacher asks students to concentrate on such features as structure/coherence and cohesion of a text，he/she aims at delevoping students’＿＿.A.strategic competenceB.culture awarenessmunicative competenceD.discourse awareness16.English teachers often ask students to＿＿a passage to get the gist of it.A.skimB.scanC.predictD.describe17.The correct meaning of a lexical item in a given context is＿＿.A.the one provided in a dictionaryB.the one which best fits the contextC.the central or core meaning of the itemD.the one which is assumed to be correct18.In writing，students may not know how to put something into proper English and thus ask their teacher for help.Here the teacher is to play the role of a/an＿＿.A.facilitatorB.assessorC.controllerD.participant19.A/An＿＿language test，such as IELTS or TOEFL，is developed on the basis ofa fixed standard.A.norm-referencedB.peer-referencedC.individual-referencedD.criterion-referenced20.A systematic textbook evaluation is NOT to examine whether a textbook＿＿.A.covers all grammatical rulesB.provides authentic languageC.matches the needs of learnersD.can help realize the objectives of a language program请阅读Passage 1，完成第21～25小题。
2015年上教师资格证高级英语真题
2015年上半年中小学教师资格考试英语学科知识与教学能力试题(高级中学)注意事项：1.考试时间为120分钟，满分150分。
2.请按规定在答题卡上填涂、作答，在试卷上作答无效，不予评分。
一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题,每小题2分，共60分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑，错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.Which of the following shows the proper pronunciation of“whose”in the sentence“In America,Li stayed in a family whose landlady could help him with his English?”A./hus/B./huz/C./hu:s/D./hu:z/2.In terms of the place of articulation,[t][d][s][z][n]are all().A.palatalB.alveolarC.bilabialD.dental3.In Rome,tourists may easily get()because all the streets look the same.A.disorientedB.deludedC.distractedD.delineated4.He immediately replied with an()“YES”to the request that he attend the public hearing.A.effectiveB.eloquentC.emotionalD.emphatic5.Perseverance,modesty and opportunity are the()factors for the girl’s success in her career.A.contributedB.contributingC.contributorD.contribution6.Through doing this,the teacher will be able to ascertain the extent to()the children understand what they are reading.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what7.Before you leave the office,()all lights are out.A.see whichB.seeing thatC.to see thatD.see to it that8.()she heard her grandfather was born in Germany.A.That was from her mumB.It was her mum thatC.It was from her mum thatD.It was her mum whom9.In ordinary conversations,participants are expected,first of all,to(),otherwise, communication would break down.A.stand straightB.coordinateC.speak the truthD.cooperate10.The language used to describe the language itself is called().A.paralanguageB.special languageC.metalanguageD.interlanguage11.The first P in the PPP teaching model stands for(),which aims to get learners to perceive the form and meaning of a structure.A.practiceB.productionC.presentationD.preparation12.The main objective of mechanical practice is to help learners to absorb thoroughly the()of a language item.A.meaningB.functionC.contextD.form13.The()method is more fitted to the explicit presentation of grammar when the basic structure is being identified.A.inductiveB.contrastiveparativeD.deductive14.Which of the following can be regarded as a communicative language task?rmation-gap activity.B.Dictation.C.Sentence transformation.D.Blank-filling.15.If a teacher asks students to concentrate on such features as structure,coherence and cohesion of a text,he/she aims at developing students’().A.strategic competenceB.cultural awarenessmunicative competenceD.discourse awareness16.English teachers often ask students to()a passage to get the gist of it.A.skimB.scanC.predictD.describe17.The correct meaning of a lexical item in a given context is().A.the one provided in a dictionaryB.the one which best fits the contextC.the central or core meaning of the itemD.the one which is assumed to be correct18.In writing,students may not know how to put something into proper English and thus ask their teacher for help.Here the teacher is to play the role of a/an().A.facilitatorB.assessorC.controllerD.participant19.A/An()language test,such as IELTS or TOEFL,is developed on the basis of a fixed standard.A.norm-referencedB.peer-referencedC.individual-referencedD.criterion-referenced20.A systematic textbook evaluation is NOT to examine whether a textbook().A.covers all grammatical rulesB.provides authentic languageC.matches the needs of learnersD.can help realize the objectives of a language program请阅读Passage1,完成第21~25小题。
2015年11月1日教师资格证考试初级中学《英语学科知识与教学能力》真题及答案
2015年11月1日教师资格证考试初级中学《英语学科知识与教学能力》真题及答案1.Which of the following correctly describes the English phoneme/θ/？A A voiceless dental fricativeB A voiceless alveolar fricativeC A voiceless dental plosiveD A voiceless alveolar plosive［答案］A2.Which of the following consonant clusters may not serve as the beginning of a word？A /spr/B /skw/C /str/D /swt/[答案］D3.The gold medal was ____ to MS Barrette for her excellent performance in the drama。
A distributedB contributedC awardedD rewarded[答案] C4。
The visitors had made so much ____that Mr. Water had to spend several days to cleaning up afterwards.A troubleB disturbanceC damageD mess[答案］D5。
How many morphemes does the word “telecommunication” contain？A 1B 2C 3D 4[答案] D6。
In the foreign languages bookstore ____to be found books in various languages。
A isB is beenC areD are been［答案］C7。
2015下教师资格证高中英语真题
B.Blacken.C.Oxen.He instantly became my hero as I was mired in difficult negotiations with my ten-year-old daughter over one. And frankly, she was winning. Was it possible to say no to my daughter, as CK suggested? I hadn't even known I was allowed to, if the guinea pigs, the dogs, and things for her doll Molly were any indication. CK rationalized, "I am not raising the children. I'm raising the grown-ups that they are going to be. So just because the other stupid kids have phones doesn't mean that my kid has to be stupid." Now I knew I didn't want my kid to grow up stupid like her friends. I needed to explain this to her. This is what CK told Conan and me.Cell phones are "toxic, especially for kids," he said, because they don't help them learn em-pathy, one of the nicer human emotions. When we text, we don't see or hear a visceral reaction.The response we get is cold and hard text-message. "Why are kids mean?" He asked. "Because they're trying it out. They look at another kid and say, 'You're fat.' Then they see the kid's face scrunch up and think that doesn't feel good." Texting "you're fat" allows you to bypass the pain.CK went on to explain that smart phones rob us of our ability to be alone. Kids use smart phones to occupy their time: Must text! Must play game! Must look up more tiny socks online for Molly CK asked, what happened to zoning out? After all, one of the joys of being human is allowing our minds to wander, with cell phones, kids are always preoccupied. They never daydream, except in class. And here's something else we're missing: our right to be miserable. This was a right I hadn't realized I desired until CK pointed out that it's another essential human emotion. CK gave the example of driving by yourself and suddenly realizing that you're alone. Not "Oh,guess I can't use thelane" alone. Dark, brooding sadness causes so many drivers to grab that smart phone and reach out to another living soul."Everybody's murdering each other with their cars" as they text because they dread being alone. Too bad--they're missing out on a life-affirming experience."I was in my car one time, and Bruce Springsteen's 'Jungle land' came on. He sounds so far away, making me really sad. And I think I've got to get the phone and write hi to 50 people. I was reaching for the phone, and I thought, don't! Just be sad."So CK pulled over and allowed himself to sob like a little girl denied a nice thing for her American Girl doll. "It was beautiful. Sadness is poetic. You're lucky to live sad moments," he said. Because he didn't fight it and allowed himself to be miserable, his body released endorphins. "Happiness rushed in to meet the sadness. I was grateful to feel sad, and then I met it with true profound happiness. The thing is, because we don't want that first bit of sad, we push it away with that little phone. So you never feel completely sad or completely happy. You just feel kind of satis-fied. And then you die. That's why I don't want to get phones for my kids".B.Cell phones have made children's life at school colorful and exciting.C.Experiencing loneliness or sadness is as beneficial as enjoying happiness.D.Cell phones may offer people the quickest way to findthemselves occupy rather spacious residences--ignore the squalor and lack of privacy to be found in Kinshasa, Mumbai or the other crowded cities of the poor world. Many of them are far too dense for dignified living, and need to spread out.The Western suburbs to which so many aspire are healthier than their detractors say. The modern Stepfords are no longer white monocultures, but that is progress. For every Ferguson there are many American suburbs that have quietly become black, Hispanic or Asian, or a blend of every-one. Picaresque accounts of decay overlook the fact that America's suburbs are half as criminal and a little more than half as poor as central cities. Even as urban centers revive, more Americans move from city centre to suburb than go the other way.But the West has also made mistakes, from which the rest of the world can learn. The first lesson is that suburban sprawl imposes costs on everyone. Suburbanites tend to use more roads and consume more carbon than urbanites (though perhaps not as much as distant commuters forced out by green belts). But this damage can be alleviated by a carbon tax, by toll roads and by charging for parking. Many cities in the emerging world have followed the foolish American practice of re-quiring property developers to provide a certain number of parking spaces for every building--something that makes commuting by car much more attractive than it would be otherwise. Scrap-ping them would give public transport a chance.The second is that it is foolish to try to stop the spread of suburbs. Green belts, the most ef-fective method for doing this, push up property prices and encourage long-distance commuting. The cost of housing in London, already astronomical, went up by 19% in the past year, reflectingnot just the city's strong economy but also the impossibility of building on its edges. The insistence on big minimum lot sizes in some American suburbs and rural areas has much the same effect. Cities that try to prevent growth through green belts often end up weakening themselves, as Seoul has done.A wiser policy would be to plan for huge expansion. Acquire strips of land for roads and rail-ways, and chunks for parks, before the city sprawls into them. New York's 19th-century governors decided where Central Park was going to go long before the city reached it. New York went on to develop in a way that they could not have imagined, but the park isstill there. This is not the state control of the new-town planner--that confident soul who believes he knows where people will want to live and work, and how they will get from one to the other. It is the realism needed to manage the inevitable. A model of living that has broadly worked well in the West is spreading, adapting to local conditions as it goes. We should all look forward to the time when Chinese and Indian teenagers write sulky songs about theC.Local conditions should be taken into account in suburbanization.D.Americans prefer to live in suburbs regardless of urbanteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justifications教学时间：20分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中二年级第一学期学生，班级人数40人。
2015全国统考教师资格证面试经历KELLY
2015年5月教师资格证统考面试真题高中英语（结构化面试+全英讲课稿）2015年5月17日，我参加了教师资格证统考面试，过程很顺利，在此之前，也是有很多不懂的，收集资料，也盲目准备过，现在将我的经历分享给大家。
一．如何准备？面试第一部分是结构化面试，问题很灵活，主要考察考生在具体教学过程中遇到问题后的灵活处理能力，相对简单，只要逻辑合理，思路和表达清晰，观点正确，一般没什么问题。
以下是收集到的一部分河北省面试考试中的结构化面试真题。
1、你是一个班主任，你设计了一个班徽拿到班里跟同学们看，同学却不以为然，你会怎么办?2、你是一个老师，但是上课的时候老是好有口头禅，有同学好模仿你的口头禅，作为老师你会怎么处理这个问题?3、如果课堂上有学生给你尴尬，你怎么处理?4、对于“学的好不如家境好”组织个班会。
5、有学生给你表白，你怎么办?6、学校进行什么地震演习，结果你所在的班级有同学下楼时摔伤了。
作为班主任，你怎么办?7、两个学生吵架了，你怎么办?8、学生上课不带书，你怎么办?9、张老师参考优秀教师的班会，可是开得不成功。
10、一個學生努力學習，但是成績上不去。
11、上课你把同学名字中一个字读错了，全班大笑，你怎么办？12、现在学生认为学习对将来没什么帮助，不主动学习，你怎么办?13、上课学生故意出很难的问题来考你，你怎么办?14、你班上的学生考试时候作弊被你发现了，你会怎么做?15、教师的期望越高，学生成绩越好，对此你怎么看?16、通过做大量习题来达到学习效果你怎样认为?17、有同学在书包里拿东西时，要把整个书包都倒出来，你是老师要怎么做?18、如果有同学问你私人问题，你怎么办?19、多一把衡量的尺子，多一些好学生，这句话你怎么看?20、你是一个新老师，第一节课你犯了点错，学生哄堂大笑你怎么办?21、一些家长用奖励金钱的行为鼓励孩子学习，你怎么看?22、张老师总是提问学习好的，不提问学习不好的。
你怎么看?23、一个老师说他塑造了学生，学生也塑造了他。
2015年上教资《高中英语》解析(精选)
2015年上半年教师资格证考试《高中英语》（精选试题）答案1.答案：D本题主要考查重读的发音特征。
Whose 在这个定语从句中是关系代词，起连接作用，而且在从句中作定语，需要重读，发长音。
故正确答案为D项。
2.答案：B本题主要考查辅音的发音特征。
按照发音部位，[t],[d],[s],[z],[n]均为齿龈音（alveolar）。
齿龈音是舌尖音的一种，发音时，舌尖顶住上齿龈。
A项：palatal 意为“腭音”，指气流通过腭部发出的语音，错误。
B项：alveolar 意为“齿龈音”，正确。
C项：bilabial 意为“双唇音”，指由上唇和下唇接触，使语流受阻而构成的一种辅音，如[ p] [ b ] [ m ] [ w ] ，错误。
D项：dental 意为“齿音”，发音时舌尖顶住上门牙，如[ θ ] , [ ð ] ，错误。
故正确答案为B项。
3.答案：A本题主要考查形容词词义辨析。
A项：disoriented 意为“迷失方向的”。
B项：deluded 意为“轻信的，受骗的”。
C项：distracted 意为“心烦意乱的，思想不集中的”。
D项：delineated 为动词del ineate“描绘”的过去分词。
题干意为“在罗马，游客很容易（），因为所有的街道看起来都一样”，故A项符合题意，其余三项均不符合。
故正确答案为A。
4.答案：D本题主要考查形容词词义辨析。
A项：effective 意为“有效的”。
B项：eloquent 意为“雄辩的”。
C项：emotional 意为“情感上的，情绪上的”。
D项：emphatic 意为“着重的，加强语气的”题干意为“对于邀请他出席听证会的请求，他立即（）答道:‘好的’”。
回答中的“YES”应该是加强语气的。
D项符合题意，其余三项均不符合。
故正确答案为D。
5.答案：B本题主要考查形容词词义辨析。
A项：contributed 意为“分配的”，形容词。
B项：contributing 意为“贡献的，起作用的”，形容词。
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2015分析国考教师资格证英语卷案例
第一话构成篇
案例分析的出题形式一般是这样的：一段课堂教学实录+问题和要求。
教学实录一般是全英文的教师Q)与学生(Ss)的对话，一般长这样：
Teacher： Hello, everyone, today we're going toleam the Present Perfect. What is the Present Perfect? The PresentPerfect is a grammatical combination of the present tense and the perfectaspect, used to express a past event that has present consequences.
For example：
I have akeady finished my homework.
She has worked out a plan.
As you can see, the Present Perfect is made up oftwo parts： have + past principlefdone),...
(Then the teacher began to illustrate differentusages of the Present Perfect.)
提问一般分两类，有分点提示的是这样的：
下面是一段初中英语课堂实录片段。
阅读后回答下列四个问题：
(1)该教学片段采用什么方法呈现语法项tl?(6分)
(2)你的判断依据是什么(至少两条)?(12分)
(3)分析该方法的利弊(至少各两条)’并举例说明。
(8分)
(4)分析该教学片段所存在的问题。
(4分)
或者是这样非常笼统宽泛的：请根据所给材料，分析该教师的教学目的和教学过程，评价其教学行为和反馈方式。
第二话考点篇
看了案例分析长什么样，接下来，我们就看看它是考查的哪些点。
这个时候，大家需要努力回忆一下上次我们讲的课堂技能的相关知识了，完全是考点啊!満满的都是爱!知道为啥禊而不舍的单选简答案例分析和教学设计了吧，因为他们是连环扣!就像我们英语中的任务型教学法一样，一个任务接一个任务，形成一个任务链~~啊~把你的心我的
心切成片围成圆~~
主要考点有：
课堂教学技能，比如评价，反馈，提问，导入，新授等。
会让你说一说这个老师在呈现方面有没有存在什么问题，或者问你该老师在讲课的过程中有哪些优点，哪些地方体现了新课程改革理念等等。
英语教学法：TPRTeaching Approach 全身反应法，Audio-lingual Teachi ng Approach 听说，去，Visual-lingualTeaching Approach 视听，去，CommuicativeTeaching Approach 交际法，Situational Teaching Approach 情景教学法，Task-based Language Teaching Approach任务型教学法。
一定要注意区分任务型教学法和交际法的区别，任务型教学法一般是综合性的任务，会达到非语言以外的目的和结果。
如果题目是让你从多个方面谈谈本节课，那大家就可以从课堂教学技能（分成好儿方面），教学理念，教学过程和教学法来谈，但是一定要记得，既然是要分析，就得有理论依据，这样才能让人信服!具体参考依据包括但不限于（技巧）：
是否符合学情（认知水平）;虫难点是全分析透彻;是否紧扣教学目标；
教学方法是否得当、是否多样化;评价方式是否多样化;是否以学生为主体；
是否尊重学生;课堂气氛是否和谐、活跃;教师角色发挥是否恰当；
是否符合任务型教学法优点（是否趣味性），是否构成任务链；
活动设计是否多样化;是否面向全体学生;是否重视形成性评价的反馈作用；
指令是否明确.....
那么理论依据是什么呢？
第三话着手篇
就以上而言，教育学，心理学以及英语课程标准就是理论依据了。
尤其是不知道啥是课程标准的同学们。
课程标准表明了英语这门学科的属性特点以及英语教学的总日标和分U标，对于不同阶段的学生，英语所需要达到的水平和要求，还包括了教学实施建议和评价建议，这个非常重要，比如形成性评价和终结性评价，要注意鼓励肯定为主等等。
另外，就是英语教学法流派不熟悉的小伙伴们，要理解现下中小学常用的每种教学法, 这样才能迅速判断某个案例中的教学法类别，并且说岀合适与否。
关于课程标准，之前我们有过一系列的介绍哦~~
第四话服不服
来来，咱们一起看一道题，只有货真价实才能做好宣传，打好广告嘛!我们下面来看看第一话中的那道题：
1.该教学片断釆用的是直接法和演绎法。
2.理论依据是教师先直接介绍了什么是现在完成时，然后举例讲授完成时的构成式，最后讲了现在完成时的不同用法。
【这里要科普小知识啦：归纳法：由个别到一般，具体到抽象。
优点是：能充分利用学生已有的经验知识和能力，由具体到抽象，由具体到一般，由旧到新，学生容易接受和巩固，而且能保证英语教学的实践性，便于培养学生的语言能力。
步骤是：观察（给出例句，引导启发）一一归纳（师生）一一操练——实践。
简单易学的语法项tl,用归纳法较好。
如：现在进行时，比较等级。
演绎法：一般到个别。
优点是：条理清晰，系统性强;教师易教，课堂教学活动容易控制;步骤是：介绍、讲解语法规则（精讲、启发、讲练结合）一一例证（出示例句，证明语法规则）一一操练（如模仿句子）一一运用（如角色扮演）。
生理和认知更成熟、动机强的学生而言，较复杂难学的项目,用演绎法效果更好。
如：现在完成时，定语从句。
直接用外语教外语，不用学生的母语，不用翻译，也不注重形式语法。
它的教学目标不是规范的书面语，而是外语口语。
优点：1.强调直接学习和直接应用，注重语言实践练习，学生学习积极性高，学习兴趣浓厚。
如教师直接给岀现在完成时的定义、构成和用法，能帮学生扎实而准确的掌握现在完成时。
2.釆用直观举例，教师通过类比法得出现在完成时的构成，有助于培养学生的归纳总结能力和运用外语思维的能力。
如讲解现在完成时的构成时举例，学生顺着教师的思维去仔细观察和归纳总结。
直接法的不足在于：1.排斥母语，使学生对一些抽象和复杂的概念难以理解。
如该片段教学中教师采用全英教学，但语法概念的掌握及其使用复杂且抽象，学生很难真正理解。
2.在初中英语教学条件下，偏重了实际掌握语言，而对发展智能方面则注重不够，忽视了学生的主体地位。
如学生没有思考和推导的过程，整个教学环节都是教师在讲授。
］
3.略。
4.该教学片段存在的问题是：1.采用直接法，教师是课堂的中心和焦点，整个课堂只有教师的教，而没有学生的参与，忽视了学生的主观能动性，没有突出其主体地位。
2.整个语法过程没有教学活动，由于语法的学习本身抽象且枯燥，而初中学生活泼好动，注意力难以集中，该课堂可能无法吸引学生，达到预设的教学效果。
3.该教学片段在教授现在完成时的构成时，列举了例子，但是是教姉直接从例子得出现在完成时构成，教师可引导学生根据例子，自己分析出构成。
这样有助于学生对知识的掌握和记忆，还能调动学生的学习积极性。