家具木材性能大全

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家具木材性能大全

家具木材性能大全

木材英汉词汇安全应力safe stress暗色心材dark heart-wood;dark corewood凹凸纹(理)(机械缺陷) raised grain扒钉(蚂蟥钉) double—headed nail白腐white rot白腐材white rotten wood百万板尺MMBF百万立方米Mm3斑腐mottled(rot);pecky板尺检尺法foot board measurement板英尺board foot(b.F.; B.F.or bd.ft)板英尺—考得转换board foot-cord conversion板英尺-立方英尺转换board foot-cubic foot conversion 板英尺材积表board foot volume table板英尺检尺board—foot scaling板英尺量度board-foot measure半成材shop lumber半环孔材semi—ring porous wood半活节partial Intergrown knot半具缘纹孔对semibordered pit-pair半散孔材semi-diffuse porous wood半圆材half-round wood半缘纹孔对haft-bordered pit-pair包复片wrapping foil薄壁组织parenchyma被絮花纹quilted figure比例极限proportional limit;limit of proportionality比例极限应力stress at proportional limit壁孔(纹孔) pit壁孔对(纹孔对) pit pair壁孔口(纹孔口) pit aperture壁孔膜(纹孔膜) pit membrane壁孔腔(纹孔腔) pit cavity;pit chamber边材腐朽sap rot;external decay边材树sapwood tree边腐marginal rot边节edge knot边棱节arris knot;corner knot边缘纹孔marginal pit变色材staining wood变形deformation标尺staff标准节standard knot标准考得apparent cord标准木type tree标准误差mean error;error of mean square表层硬化case hardening表面虫孔surface worm hole表面缺陷;明显缺陷open defect波状纹理wavy figure(or grain);fiddle back grain不规则纹理irregular grain不合格率failure rate不健全节unsound knot不均匀结构uneven texture不均匀纹理uneven grain部分轻度表层腐朽partial shallow decay部分严重(深层)腐朽partial deep decay材积测定法volume determination材面节(疤) face knot材性wood property材种kind of timber;wood sort;assortment槽纹钉corrugated nail侧面纹理side grain侧翘(边弯) spring测径尺caliper rule测径直角尺(轮尺) caliper square层积材laminate产品种类;产品目录production program长节mule-ear knot沉水材sinker成材lumber成年材mature wood;adult wood成熟材ripe wood承压应力bearing stress赤节red knot冲击剪切强度impact shearing strength冲击强度impact strength;shock resistance;shock strength 冲击应力shock stress冲击硬度impact hardness充脂材resin—soaked wood;lightwood;resinous wood充足原料储备well-stocked supply of raw materials虫孔(虫眼) insect hole;worm grub重纹孔;具缘纹孔bordered pit初腐dozy初期腐朽incipient decay初期红心腐firm red heart rot初生材primary wood初生木质部primary xylem初生韧皮部primary bast;primary phloem穿孔perforation;punching创伤心材wound heart wood垂直剪切强度vertical shearing strength垂直抗拉强度perpendicular tensile strength纯应变pure strain次生木质部secondary xylem次生韧皮部secondary phloem粗材积gross scale粗结构coarse texture粗纹理coarse grain;open grain;rough grain脆心材brittle heart打号员(划线员) marker大板条large strip大虫孔grub hole大兜(干基特大的) butt swelling;swell-butted;root swelling 大径材large timber大幼树large sapling大圆材high pole; large pole带棱健全材square-edge and sound (Sq.E.Sd.)带皮直径diameter outside(over)bark带心材boxed heart timber带状花纹stripe figure;ribbon grain袋腐pocket(rot)单壁孔(单纹孔) simple pit单穿孔simple perforation档木(集材弯道) sheer log导管vessel导管分子vessel element导热性thermal conductivity;heat conductivity倒棱(倒角) chamfers等级类别grade category等级区分grade separation等级应力;应力分类;应力分等grade stress地表直径ground line diameter(GLD)顶腐top rot冻心材frost heart-wood端裂end checking;end shake;end split端面纹理end grain短木段billet;bolt短原木billet timber断面模量modulus of section断纹理;破折纹理broken grain对角纹理diagonal grain钝棱材waney lumber多用途材versatile wood多脂材fatwood伐木废材logging debris法向应力normal stress翻木机log rotator防变色处理anti—stain treatment防裂扒钉anti—checking iron;anti-split iron防裂夹具anti-checking clamp防裂涂料anti-checking coating非规格材off-standard非破坏性试验non-destructive testing废料refuse分叉节;岔节branched knot封闭节;不贯通节blind knot封边条edge banding蜂窝腐honeycomb(rot)蜂窝状纤维(木材缺陷) comb grain;quartered without flakes 腐烂和腐朽decay and rot腐朽节rotten knot:decayed knot复合材composite wood复合成材composite lumber复节;丛节knot cluster复心材double heart-wood;double-summit改良板尺检尺法new F.B.M scale改性木improved wood; modified wood干材stemwood干腐trunk rot;bole rot干基腐朽butt rot干裂crack;seasoning check干容积重dry bulk density干围girth干围级girth class干围界限girth limit干围率girth quotient干燥应力drying stress杆材small pole刚性模量rigidity modules根端butt end根段材first log;butt log根腐root rot根株(木)花纹stump figure工作应力working stress构架材carcassing timber管胞tracheid管孔pore管状腐朽pipe rot规定尺寸dead size规格材dimension stock过熟材overyeared wood;overstocked wood海绵状腐朽sponge rot含晶细胞crystalliferous cell含水率moisture content含水率允许公差moisture tolerances函心材boxed—heart(timber)褐腐brown rot黑节black knot横纹剪切shear perpendicular to the grain横纹抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength perpendicular to(the) grain横纹抗拉强度tensile strength perpendicular to the grain横纹抗压强度compression strength perpendicular to(the) grain横纹抗压试验compression test perpendicular to the grain横纹拉力tension perpendicular to the grain横向翘曲cupping:crosswise concaving; transverse warping;cup 红变red stain宏观构造gross structure后期腐朽advanced decay厚度膨胀thickness swelling弧裂burst check花斑纹mottled figure;mottle figure滑移slipping化学变色chemical stain环钉ring dog环孔材ring-porous wood环裂ring shake;round shake环状腐朽ring rot混生节Intergrown knot活节live knot; tight knot火焰纹flame figure机加工性能machining properties机械磨损abrasion(mechanical)基本应力basic stress极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength极限抗弯强度ultimate bending strength极限强度ultimate strength极限应力ultimate stress加工材manufactured lumber夹皮bark pocket假年轮;伪年轮false(annual)ring;false increment 假心材;伪心材false heart wood尖节spike knot尖削度taper;fall-off; tapering;taperingness坚实节fixed knot间柱材stud(ding)检尺杖scale stick剪切弹性模量shear modulus剪切拉伸强度shear tensile strength剪切破坏shear failure剪切应力shearing stress剪应变shear strain健全节sound knot降等downgrade;degrade交错纹理cross gram;interlocked grain节材nodal wood节子knot;knag结构特选级selected structure紧密节tight knot浸渍材impregnated wood径级diameter class径裂radial shake;cross shake径切面纹理comb—grain净增率percentage net growth锯齿状年轮indented ring卷曲花纹curly figure卷曲纹理curly grain绝对含水率absolute moisture content均匀结构uniform texture;even texture;even grain 抗白蚁处理termite-resistance treatment抗剪刚度shear stiffness抗剪力shear resistance抗剪强度shearing strength;shear resistance抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength抗拉弹性tensile elasticity抗拉刚度tensile stiffness抗拉强度tensile strength抗磨性abrasive resistance抗扭刚度torsional rigidity抗扭强度torsional strength抗劈力cleavage resistance抗劈性cleavability抗弯刚度bending stiffness抗弯强度bending strength;crossbending strength;cross-breaking strength;flexural strength抗弯阻力buckling resistance抗压极限强度maximum crushing strength抗压强度crushing strength;compression (compressive) strength;bearing strength坑腐pitted sap rot空节;节洞hollow knot枯梢树staghead块状腐朽cubical rot扩基上端干围girth above buttress阔叶材树脂囊(油眼) gum pocket拉力试验机tensile testing machine拉伸试验tensile test拉应力tensile stress蓝斑;蓝变blue stain蓝变材blue lumber梁材stringer两端翘(弓形弯);顺弯bow;bowing劣等材wrack裂环ring crack(shake);round shake檩材beams;stringer绿变green stain乱纹材burly乱纹理wild grain轮生节verticillate or whorle knot螺纹增厚spiral thickening螺旋纹理spiral grain马蹄形防裂扒钉beegle iron毛边材unedged lumber毛刺woolly grain毛刺沟痕torn grain密实木材densified wood磨科abrasive(=grinding material)木薄壁组织xylem parenchyma;wood parenchyma木材变色wood stain木材传声性acoustical conductivity of wood木材脆性brashness of wood;brittleness of wood木材弹性elasticity of wood;elastic property of wood木材的膨胀和收缩swelling and shrinking of wood木材的柔韧性pliability of wood木材电学性质electricity property of wood木材分类wood assortment;wood sorting木材干馏wood distillation木材刚性rigidity of wood木材黑斑black spot(in wood)木材解剖术;木材切片术xylotomy木材抗疲劳性fatigue of wood木材力学性质(木材机械性质) mechanical properties of wood木材流变学rheology of wood木材密度specific gravity of wood木材耐磨性abrasion of wood木材挠性flexibility of wood木材膨胀swelling of wood木材缺陷defect;fault木材韧性toughness of wood木材容重volume weight of wood;weight by volume;volumetric weight 木材声响反射系数acoustic reflection coefficient f wood木材声学性质acoustical properties of wood木材实质比重(真比重) specific weight of wood木材实质密度density of wood substance木材水解wood hydrolysis木材塑性plastic property of wood木材调温调湿设备wood conditioning apparatus木材透声性acoustical permeability of wood木材凸起bulge(of wood)木材凸纹burr figure of wood木材物理性质physical property of wood木材吸音系数acoustic absorption coefficient of wood木射线xylem ray;wood ray木丝excelsior;wood wool木瓦材shingle bolt木纹figure;grain木纹斜度slope of grain木纤维wood fiber木纤维素wood cellulose木质部xylem木质素lignin耐火木材refractory timber耐久性试验endurance test耐磨试验abrasive test耐磨硬度abrasive hardness耐水性moisture resistance囊腐pocket rot挠曲刚度;抗挠刚度flexural rigidity内部腐朽inside rot内含边材inside sapwood;included sapwood;double sapwood内夹皮close bark-pocket内裂interior cheek;internal check逆表面硬化(应力) reverse case-hardening年轮(生长轮) growth ring;yearly ring increment鸟眼(木材) birds‟eye (wood)鸟眼纹bird's figure扭(力)矩torsional moment扭矩torque扭力torsional force;torsional load turning force扭曲distortion扭曲纹twisted grain扭应力torsional stress膨胀压力swelling pressure皮包节encased knot皮孔lenticelle;lenticel疲劳极限fatigue limit疲劳强度fatigue strength(resistance)疲劳试验durability test偏向木sway wood偏心(年)轮eccentric ring偏心(髓心偏离) wandering heart;eccentric pith片(英)尺super feet平衡含水率equilibrium moisture content(EMC)平均干围mean girth平均木;中央木mean sample-tree破坏性试验break-down test骑马钉C-iron千板尺MBF千板尺锯材=2.36m3 1MBF sawn timber = 2.36m3 千板尺原木=5.1m3 1MBF log = 5.1m3千平方尺MSF强度比strength ratio强度试验strength test强度系数strength factor翘曲warp;warping;distortion切削沟纹;碎裂纹chipped grain切削加工性能machinability侵染材affected wood (timber)侵填体tylosis青变;蓝变blue sap-stain曲干材compass-timber屈服应力yield stress去皮材barked wood去皮原木buckskin去皮直径diameter inside bark去脂材bled timber缺陷材defect wood缺陷分级法defect system缺陷原木defective log染料木材dyewood热力学thermodynamics热膨胀thermal expansion热容量thermal capacity韧皮射线phloem ray韧皮束phloem bundle韧型木纤维libriform wood fiber韧性值toughness value容许应力permissible stress;allowable stress 乳汁道latex canal乳汁管latex tube;laticifer;laticiferous tube 乳汁细胞latex cell;laticiferous cell软腐soft rot散孔材diffuse porous wood上等材high grade stock上木upper growth;upper stock深虫孔deep worm hole深加工Intensive processing深裂纹(深1/8英寸以下) heavy torn grain生长应力growth stress生节live knot;sound knot声阻acoustic resistance湿腐wet rot湿心材water-core;wetwood;wet heart十亿立方米MMMm3实木solid wood饰面片finish fails试件;试材testing piece试生产trial production试行experimenting;try out试验程序;试验方法testing procedure试运转break-in;test run;running-in适宜含水率suitable moisture content受压木compression wood疏松节loose knot熟材ripe wood树杈crotch树杈纹crotch grain(figure)树干材stem timber树瘤;树疤burr(burl)树皮;皮层cortex树脂道resin canal;resin duct树脂瘤resinous cancer顺纹along the grain;with the grain;in the grain direction;inthe fiber direction顺纹剪切shear parallel to the grain顺纹抗剪强度shear strength parallel to grain顺纹抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength parallel-to-grain顺纹抗拉强度tensile strength parallel to grain顺纹抗压(极限)强度maximum compression strength parallel to(the) grain 顺纹抗压强度compression strength parallel to grain;endwise tensile strength;crushing strength along the grain丝状腐朽stringy rot撕裂纹torn grain死节dead knot;encased knot;non-adhering knot松散纹理loosened grain塑(性)变(形) plastic deformation髓节pith knot弹性极限应力stress of elasticity limit统材(包括中等以下的阔叶材及一般的针叶材) common(s)桶材tubbing头木basal trunk椭圆节oval knot弯边softforming edge弯矩moment of flexure弯抗强度buckling strength弯曲材crook弯曲杆材curvature弯曲极限buckling limit弯曲木bent wood;compass-timber弯曲应变buckling strain弯曲应力bending stress;buckling stress弯曲折断荷载buckling load晚材(夏材) late wood(summer wood)晚材率late wood percentage;percent of late wood未成熟材immature wood未成熟心材imperfect heart wood纹孔道pit canal纹孔膜pit membrane纹孔内口inner pit aperture纹孔塞pit torus纹孔室;纹孔腔pit chamber纹孔缘pit border纹理方向grain direction涡卷纹swirl grain握钉力nail-holding ability;nail-holding power(capacity);screw holding power无节材clear wood无孔材non—pored timber(wood)无缺陷材clear lumber细(致)纹理smooth grain;fine grain;close grain细胞膜cell membrane细波花纹fiddle back figure(grain)细结构fine texture细结构材fine-texture wood细纹材close-grained wood纤维(状)管胞fiber—tracheid纤维饱和点fiber-saturation point纤维应力fiber stress弦面纹理slash figure(grain)弦切面纹理flat grain显微构造microscopic structure显微解剖micro-dissection相对含水率relative moisture content箱板材case wood;wrack小材小料waste lumber material小虫孔shot hole;pin hole小方材scantlings小规格材small-dimension stock小径木undersized tree小柱材low pole斜边原木bevel-edged log斜纹抗压强度compression strength inclined to(the) grain斜纹理diagonal grain心材heart wood心材树(种) heart wood tree心裂pith check;rift;heart check;heart shake新伐材freshly-felled timber(wood)形成层cambium (pl.cambia)胸高干围girth breast height(GBH)胸高直径diameter breast-high(D.B.H.)熊抓纹wild grain bear scratches朽节rotten knot压碎应力crushing stress压缩木compact wood;compressed wood压应力compressive stress;crushing stress羊毛状纹理woolly grain一等材first prime quality;first grade timber异形射线(组织) heterogeneous ray(tissue)银光花纹silver grain(figure)引火木材spunk隐节;内含节enclosed knot应变strain应变仪strain gauge;strainometer应拉木tension wood应力(力学) stress (mechanic)应力分级法stress grading应力分析stress analysis应力集中stress concentration应力木reaction wood应力松弛stress relaxation应力应变stress-strain应压木compression-wood硬度hardness硬腐(初期腐朽) hard rot硬化层压木densified laminated wood永久变形permanent deformation;permanent set优质大原木big blue butt有孔材pored wood幼年材immature wood;juvenile wood愈合材callus wood原木板英尺材积表board foot log rule原木大头段butt block原条tree stem;trunk(=pole)圆节round knot圆棱eased arris(edge)杂木miscellaneous tree;weed tree早材(春材) early (spring) wood造材bucking;dissecting;dissection造材归堆机bucker—buncher造材机bucker造材锯bucking saw站杆(枯立木) snag涨方(胀量) bulk丈尺measuring staff(stick)针节pin knot针叶材树脂囊;油眼resin cyst;resin pocket;gum pocket 真菌学试验mycological test正应力normal stress枝节knottiness枝梢材faggot wood;lop and top;lapwood枝条材branchwood;slender-branched枝桠材brushwood直边和弯边的封边材料edgebanding materials for straight and softforming edges中方(材) medium hewn squares中节medium knot中央干围mid girth周皮periderm蛛网心裂spider heart主干高bole height(length)柱材post;pillar wood桩木pile装饰兼结构用材appearance lumber纵裂longitudinal check纵向切削longitudinal cutting纵向树脂道;轴向树脂道vertical resin canal阻力矩moment of resistance最大剪应力maximum shearing stress最大纤维应力extreme fiber stress最大压应力maximum compressive stress美国椴木Basswood其它名称:菩提木、美洲白木、美洲椴比重(当含水量为12%时):0.37平均重量(当含水量为12%时):417公斤/立方米平均体积收缩率(湿材到含水量6%的木材):12.6%弹性模量:10067兆帕硬度:1824牛顿产品描述:椴木主要分布于美国北部各洲及五大湖地区。

各种木材的特性及用途

各种木材的特性及用途

各种木材的特性及用途木材名称:龙脑香木材来源:东南亚拉丁文:Dipterocarpus sp国外名称:Keruing.俗称:大花龙脑香克隆材性及用途:气干密度0.64-0.81g/cm3。

树皮厚度6-8MM,质硬,外皮灰褐色。

木材重量中到重,强度中至高,尤以抗弯弹性模量很高。

木材干燥性能好,干燥后尺寸稳定。

耐腐性强,抗白蚁。

纹理自然感强,色泽美观耐看,很适合用作地板材。

木材名称:孪叶苏木★木材来源:南美洲拉丁文:Hymenaea sp国外名称:Jatoba, Courbaril.材性及用途:气干密度0.84-0.93g/cm3, 材质重或甚重,纹理交错,心材耐腐抗蛀,韧性大,甚稳定。

适用于造船、家具、桥梁、地板、屋架等。

木材名称:香脂木豆木材来源:南美洲拉丁文:Myroxylon sp, M.balsamum国外名称:Balsamo材性及用途:气干密度0.85-1.03g/cm3。

原材产于南美,木材光泽强,具有香味,纹理交错,结构甚细,且均匀,材质重,强度高,耐腐抗白蚁,材色红褐色至紫红褐色,有木王之称。

适用于制作高级地板、家具等。

木材名称:柚木★木材来源:东南亚拉丁文:Tectonagrandis国外名称:Teak材性及用途:气干密度0.51-0.67g/cm3。

木材具有光泽,纹理直或略交错,结构均匀,油性感强,密度中等,干缩极小,甚耐腐耐磨,稳定性极强,强度为中性,易于加工,是名贵家具、地板、装饰最理想的材料。

该木种实产于缅甸,为缅甸国宝。

木材名称:纽墩豆★木材来源:非洲拉丁文:Pafricamum sp国外名称:Dahoma材性及用途:气干密度0.76-0.85g/cm3。

颜色呈金黄褐色,木纹清晰,味浓,防蛀性强。

环境适应性强,甚稳定,适用于各种环境下的地面铺设用材、家具等。

木材名称:圆盘豆★木材来源:非洲拉丁文:Chlorophora sp,C.gabunensis国外名称:Okan俗称:圆盘豆材性及用途:气干密度>1.0g/cm3,心材金黄褐色至红褐色,带深色带状条纹,具光泽,与边材区分明显。

木材的标准与规范

木材的标准与规范

防火涂料:用于木材表面的防火涂料,可以降低木材的燃烧性能 阻燃剂:添加到木材中的化学物质,可以降低木材的燃烧性能 防火处理工艺:包括浸泡、喷涂、浸渍等,可以改善木材的防火性能 防火标准:根据不同的使用环境和要求,制定相应的防火标准和规范
标准长度:通常为2.44米、3.05米、4.88米等 标准宽度:通常为0.1米、0.12米、0.15米等 标准厚度:通常为0.01米、0.015米、0.02米等 标准尺寸与规格:根据不同用途和需求,有不同的标准尺寸与规格
优化运输方式: 根据木材的数量、 尺寸和运输距离, 选择合适的运输 方式,如陆运、 海运、空运等, 以降低运输成本。
采用先进的储存 和运输技术:如 采用真空包装、 冷链运输等技术, 以延长木材的保 质期,降低储存 和运输过程中的 损耗。
加强管理:建立 健全木材的储存 和运输管理制度, 加强对员工的培 训和管理,提高 工作效率,降低 成本。
,
汇报人:
目录
CONTENTS
软木:质地轻软,易于加工,但强度较低,常 用于制作家具、装饰品等。
硬木:质地坚硬,耐磨损,但加工难度较大, 常用于制作地板、家具等。
红木:质地坚硬,色泽鲜艳,具有较高的观 赏价值和收藏价值,常用于制作高档家具、 工艺品等。
松木:质地松软,易于加工,但强度较低,常 用于制作家具、包装材料等。
包装材料:选择防潮、防蛀、防震的材料,如塑料薄膜、木箱等 包装方式:根据木材的尺寸、形状和重量,选择合适的包装方式,如单件包装、组合包装等 防护措施:在运输过程中,采取防潮、防蛀、防震等措施,如使用防潮剂、防蛀剂、减震垫等 标识:在包装上标明木材的种类、规格、数量等信息,以便于识别和管理
合理选择储存地 点:根据木材的 种类和特性,选 择合适的储存地 点,避免潮湿、 高温等不良环境 对木材的影响。

我国家具常用木材概述

我国家具常用木材概述

我国家具常用木材概述我国的树木种类繁多,现将几种家具常用木材的树种概述如下:(一)红松(果松、海松)。

木材的边材为淡黄白色,心材为淡红褐色,有松香气味,材质细致轻软,木纹平直,容易加工,耐腐力强。

不适合制作椅类的腿、撑。

(二)落叶松(黄花松)。

木材的边材为淡白褐色,心材为黄白色,材质较软、致密,木纹平直,耐腐力强。

只用于家具的腿、撑。

(三)柴松(赤白松)、红皮松(红皮臭)。

与落叶松的特征、用途基本相同。

(四)沙松(杉松)。

木材的边材、心材区别不明显,呈黄白色,心材稍带褐色。

材质轻软,木纹平直,耐腐力强。

适合制作家具的板面,应避免用于有榫眼的构件。

(五)冷松(臭松)、鱼鳞松(鱼鳞云松)。

与沙松的特征、用途基本相同。

(六)楸木、核桃楸、黄柏。

木材的边材呈白、淡黄色,心材呈褐色。

材质较硬,木理平直,耐腐力强,木纹明显、美观而有光泽,缩翘裂较小,容易加工,是制作家具的优质材。

(七)水曲柳。

木材的边材黄白色,心材黄褐色,材质坚硬,富有弹性,抗压力强,耐腐力强。

可供家具、胶合板等用材。

(八)梧桐。

木材的边材、心材均为白色,成长二十年后,心材呈白色带红,树心有竹节孔,木质轻软,耐腐力强,缩翘裂较小,木纹美观,容易加工。

制作家具板面最为适宜。

(九)柞木。

有南柞和山柞之分,木材的边材为淡褐色,心材为灰黄褐色,髓线较多而明显,材质坚硬,富有弹性,抗压力强。

制作椅类和其他家具的腿、撑最为适宜。

(十)槐木。

木材的边材为白色带黄,心材为白褐色,材质坚硬,韧性、弹性、抗压力最强,耐腐力强。

(十一)楸木、白杨。

木材无边材、心材的区别,为淡褐色或淡黄白色,材质细致、轻软,容易加工。

制作家具的板面为宜。

(十二)白桦(混桦)、风桦(千层桦)。

木材边材为白色,心材为白色带红,材质细致、较硬,缩胀性强,干燥易裂。

可作一般家具。

(十三)色木(槭木)。

木材的边材呈淡褐色,心材呈淡褐带红,材质细致、坚硬,光泽美观。

可制作家具的腿、撑和较厚的板面。

家具常用木材的性质

家具常用木材的性质

木材一,家具常用木材的性质(1)鱼鳞云杉:易干燥、富有弹性、加工性能好、弯挠性能好;用于尾架、檩条、搁栅、门窗、屋面板、模板、家具。

(2)四川红杉:易干燥、易加工、较耐久;用于家具、脚手杆。

(3)水曲柳:富有弹性、韧性、耐磨、耐湿等特点,但干燥困难、易翘裂;用于家具、地板、胶合板及室内装修与高级门窗。

(4)柞木:干燥困难、易开裂、翘曲、耐水、耐腐性强、而磨损、加工困难;用于地板、家具、高级门窗。

(5)白皮榆:加工性能好,光泽美,干燥时易开裂、翘曲;用于地板、胶合板、家具、室内装修、高级门窗。

(6)榔榆:变形大、易干裂、切削较困难,但切削面光滑;用于地板、胶合板、家具。

(7)桦木:力学强度高,富弹性,干燥过程中易开裂翘曲,加工性能好,耐腐;用于胶合板、家具、室内装修、支撑地板。

(8)红桦:同桦木。

(9)色木:力学强度高、弹性大、干燥慢、常开裂、耐磨性好;用于用于地板、胶合板、家具、室内装修、高级门窗。

(10)白毛杨:易加工、易干燥、易变形、耐腐朽能力差;用于胶合板、屋面板、模板、家具。

(11)青杨:同白毛杨。

(12)枫杨:同白毛杨。

(13)核桃楸:力学强度中等、富有韧性、加工性能好、干燥不易变形、耐腐;用于地板、胶合板、家具、高级木装修、高级门窗。

(14)黄菠萝:易干燥、干缩性小、干后不易翘曲、耐腐性强;用于家具、胶合板、高级木装修。

(15)槐木:易加工、切削面光滑、耐腐朽、干燥宜缓慢;用于屋架、檩条、搁栅、家具、门窗。

(16)柳桉:易加工、干燥过程中稍有翘曲和开裂现象,胶桉性良好,用于制作胶合板,家具。

(17)阿必东:切削面光滑、不易干燥、树胶多、耐腐性强、用于制作家具、胶合板。

(18)柚木:耐磨损、耐久性强、干燥收缩小、不易变形;用于制作家具、地板、高级木装修。

(19)枸木;切削容易、不耐腐朽、干燥时易开裂;用于制作胶合板、家具、有的地区用作檩条。

(20)榄木:质地适中,纹理较桦木次之,可直接用来做实木家具,也可外贴木皮使用。

常见木材硬度排行

常见木材硬度排行

常见木材硬度排行
木材硬度是指木材抵抗外力压缩、刮削和穿刺的能力,是衡量木
材耐久性和使用价值的重要指标。

下面我们来看一下常见木材硬度的
排行。

首先,樱桃木。

樱桃木是一种硬度较高的木材,它的硬度得益于
其密度较大和木材细胞的结构。

樱桃木具有优异的抗压能力和耐磨性,因此在家具制造和地板材料方面被广泛应用。

其次,核桃木。

核桃木也是一种硬度较高的木材,它的外观纹理
美观,质地坚硬。

核桃木可以耐受较大的压力和刮削,因此在制造家具、乐器和艺术品等方面非常受欢迎。

再次,橡木。

橡木是一种广泛应用的木材,它的硬度中等,但是
具有良好的耐久性。

橡木通常被用来制造家具和地板,其耐用性和耐
腐蚀性使其成为一种理想的选择。

然后,松木。

松木是一种较软的木材,但是其硬度也相对较高。

松木的纹理清晰,具有一定的抗压性和耐磨性。

因为松木较为容易加工,所以在建筑、造船和家具制造等行业得到广泛应用。

最后,白蜡木。

白蜡木是一种硬度相对较低的木材,但是它的柔
软性使得它具有很好的弯曲性能。

白蜡木耐霉变和耐腐蚀,因此在造
船和户外建筑等领域应用广泛。

综上所述,常见木材的硬度排行为:樱桃木、核桃木、橡木、松
木和白蜡木。

在选购木材时,我们应根据不同的用途和需求选择硬度
合适的木材。

硬度较高的木材适用于需要承受较大压力和磨损的场合,而硬度较低的木材则适用于需要弯曲和加工的场合。

希望本篇文章对
大家有所指导和帮助。

各种木材的特点及性能

各种木材的特点及性能水曲柳:(其他名称:北方白蜡木、南方白蜡木、白元、槐木) 产地:我国东北、华北地区。

美国、朝鲜、日本及俄罗斯远东也有分布特性:曲柳材质略重而硬,纹理直,花纹美丽,耐腐耐水性好,易加工,韧性大,着色、涂饰性能好,具有良好的装饰性能。

材料性能较佳,颜色呈黄白色至灰褐色,木质结构从中至粗,纹理较直,弦面有漂亮的山水图案花纹,光泽强,略具蜡质感。

木纹明显,边材黄白色,心材褐色微黄,锯刨加工后木材颜色略现金黄色。

材质中硬,纹理通顺,花纹美丽,加工性能和油漆性能均好,耐水耐磨,变形较小。

相关加工性能:机械加工钉子抗裂性螺钉抗裂性胶水粘合优异好优异好物理性能:自然风干平均运输重量平均体积收缩率弹性模数侧面硬度比重(含水量12% ) 断裂模数(千帕)(公斤/立方米) (新伐木至烘干%) (兆帕) (牛顿)0.60 594 13.3 106,000 12,000 5,900 用途:水曲柳是理想的表面用材,宜做仿柚木色的高级家具。

当今家庭装修,因水曲柳价格较低,色泽较均匀,用得较多,但水曲柳纹样大,木质不细腻,且色泽偏黄,目前用白榉、红榉替代水曲柳木的越来越多。

用于家具、地板、建筑室内装饰、高级细木工制品及模制品、橱柜、镶板、工具手柄、体育用品及车制品。

美国白橡白橡和红橡一样,在整个美国东部广泛生长。

虽然数量比不上红橡,但是白橡的木髓射线比红橡木长,因此也具有更多的木纹。

美国白橡木的边材为浅奶白色,心材为浅棕色至深褐色。

与红橡木相比,白橡木生长得更慢,并具有 ?/span>更柔和?/span>的纹理。

心材具有抗液体渗透性,因此白橡木非常适合于制桶用。

相关加工性能:机械加工钉子抗裂性螺钉抗裂性胶水粘合优异好优异好产地:白橡广泛分布于美国东部地区,板材和薄木片供应量极充足,是美国最重要的阔叶木出口产品;特点:木质坚硬沉重,机加工性能良好,干燥缓慢易出现裂纹,干燥收缩率大;白橡木的颜色、纹理、特征及性质会随产地变化,南方白橡生长速度较快,具有较宽的年轮,且木质较硬和较重,也可能会按产区分开出售;因其货源充足,木质坚硬,纹理粗犷易加工,涂装效果好,所以在家具业有广泛应用。

实木家具常用木材及特性

实木家具常用木材及特性01.红松:主要分布在我国东北长白山到小兴安岭一带,材质轻软,强度适中,干燥性好,耐水、耐腐,加工、涂饰、着色、胶结性好。

02.白松:材质轻软,富有弹性,结构细致均匀,干燥性好,耐水、耐腐,加工、涂饰、着色胶结性好。

白松比红松强度高。

03.桦木:产东北华北,材质略重硬,结构细,强度大,加工性、涂饰、胶合性好,木质细腻淡白微黄,纤维抗剪力差,易“齐茬断”。

其根部及节结处多花纹。

04.泡桐:材质甚轻软,结构粗,切水电面不光滑,干燥性好,不翘裂。

05.椴木:材质略轻软,结构略细,有丝绢光泽,不易开裂,加工、涂饰、着色、胶结性好。

不耐腐、干燥时稍有翘曲。

06.水曲柳:材质略重硬,花纹美丽,结构粗,易加工、韧性大,涂饰、胶合性好,干燥性一般。

07.榆木:花纹美丽,结构粗,加工性、涂饰、胶合性好,干燥性差,易开裂翘曲。

08.柞木:材质坚硬,结构粗,强度高,加工困难,着色、涂饰性好,胶合性差,易干燥,易开裂。

09.榉木:材质坚硬,纹理直,结构细、耐磨有光泽干燥时不易变形,加工、涂饰、胶合性较好。

10.枫木:重量适中,结构细,加工容易,切削面光滑,涂饰、胶合性较好,干燥时有翘曲现象。

11.樟木:重量适中,结构细,有香气,干燥时不易变形,加工、涂饰、胶合性较好。

12.柳木:材质适中,结构略粗,加工容易,胶接与涂饰性能良好。

干燥时稍有开裂和翘曲。

以柳木制作的胶合板称为菲律宾板。

13.花梨木:材质坚硬,纹理余,结构中等,耐腐配,不易干燥,切削面光滑,涂饰、胶合性较好。

14.紫檀(红木):材质坚硬,纹理余,结构粗,耐久性强,有光泽,切削面光滑。

15.胡桃楸木:其木材有光泽,纹理直或斜,结构略粗,干燥速度慢,但不易翘曲,木材韧性好,易加工,切削面光滑。

弯曲、油漆、胶接性能良好,钉着力强。

16. 橡胶木:纹理清晰,材质较硬,结构粗,易加工,涂装、胶合性好!17. 橡木:山形木纹,触摸表面有着良好的质感。

家装木板材树种属性知识大全

一、硬木1、核桃木(又名胡桃木):硬木,东北三大名贵树种之首,成材期为50年以上至数百年,是世界驰名的室内装修材。

核桃木是制作枪托、器械和镟切工艺等精密木质器械的首选标准材2、白蜡木(又名,水曲柳、曲柳):硬木,成材期为50年以上至数百年,也简称为曲柳,为东北三大名贵树种之一,是国内知名实木家具厂(大连华丰家具、伊春光明家具)的常用树种。

3、橡木(又名柞木、栎木、白橡)柞木:硬木,成材期为50年以上至数百年,属于壳斗科、麻栎属,为美国国树,是盛用红酒的专用木材(名为橡木桶),亦是国内知名实木家具厂(大连华丰家具、伊春光明家具)的常用树种,木质异常坚硬二、软木1、桦木:材质比较好的软木,成材期为30年-60年,结构细,力学强度相对小,不耐腐,加工性能良,颜色鲜艳、细腻。

2、橡胶木:软木,成材期为15-25年,市场上以橡胶木假冒橡木的现象很多,,是生产橡胶的橡胶树的老化材,材质与柞木、橡木相去甚远,但经过一定的化学工艺处理后,也可以做一些对耐久性要求不高的家具,橡胶木有异味,因含糖分多,易变色、腐朽和虫蛀(吸引蚂蚁),不耐磨,易开裂,容易弯曲变形,木材加工易,有人提出橡胶汁液对人体有害,但目前知识界还在争论。

3、樟子松:硬松木,成材期为20年-30年又名樟松,被广泛的运用为中档实木家具的用材,国内以樟松为基材相关知名厂家有喜梦宝等。

樟子松纹理颜色漂亮,木材寿命一般20至30年。

4、白松、落叶松:软松木,成材期为10-12年,质地软,为较差松木,一般用来做地龙,很少有人用来制作家具。

5、柳桉:软木,为速生材,成材期为10-12年,质地相对杉木较硬,但不足以支撑重物的长时间压力,没有任何家具厂用其制作家具外表面。

在保持原本性能基础上的使用寿命为不超过10--15年。

6、香樟:软木,一般生长期为15-20年,由于其含有丰富的挥发性油脂,有浓郁的气味,具有很好的防虫、防蛀、防霉、杀菌功能,通常被用来做家具内部挡板,香樟纹路暗黑,且质地较软,极少被用来生产家具。

家具木材性能大全

木材英汉词汇安全应力safe stress暗色心材dark heart-wood;dark corewood凹凸纹(理)(机械缺陷) raised grain扒钉(蚂蟥钉) double—headed nail白腐white rot白腐材white rotten wood百万板尺MMBF百万立方米Mm3斑腐mottled(rot);pecky板尺检尺法foot board measurement板英尺board foot(b.F.; B.F.or bd.ft)板英尺—考得转换board foot-cord conversion板英尺-立方英尺转换board foot-cubic foot conversion 板英尺材积表board foot volume table板英尺检尺board—foot scaling板英尺量度board-foot measure半成材shop lumber半环孔材semi—ring porous wood半活节partial Intergrown knot半具缘纹孔对semibordered pit-pair半散孔材semi-diffuse porous wood半圆材half-round wood半缘纹孔对haft-bordered pit-pair包复片wrapping foil薄壁组织parenchyma被絮花纹quilted figure比例极限proportional limit;limit of proportionality比例极限应力stress at proportional limit壁孔(纹孔) pit壁孔对(纹孔对) pit pair壁孔口(纹孔口) pit aperture壁孔膜(纹孔膜) pit membrane壁孔腔(纹孔腔) pit cavity;pit chamber边材腐朽sap rot;external decay边材树sapwood tree边腐marginal rot边节edge knot边棱节arris knot;corner knot边缘纹孔marginal pit变色材staining wood变形deformation标尺staff标准节standard knot标准考得apparent cord标准木type tree标准误差mean error;error of mean square表层硬化case hardening表面虫孔surface worm hole表面缺陷;明显缺陷open defect波状纹理wavy figure(or grain);fiddle back grain 不规则纹理irregular grain不合格率failure rate不健全节unsound knot不均匀结构uneven texture不均匀纹理uneven grain部分轻度表层腐朽partial shallow decay部分严重(深层)腐朽partial deep decay材积测定法volume determination材面节(疤) face knot材性wood property材种kind of timber;wood sort;assortment槽纹钉corrugated nail侧面纹理side grain侧翘(边弯) spring测径尺caliper rule测径直角尺(轮尺) caliper square层积材laminate产品种类;产品目录production program长节mule-ear knot沉水材sinker成材lumber成年材mature wood;adult wood成熟材ripe wood承压应力bearing stress赤节red knot冲击剪切强度impact shearing strength冲击强度impact strength;shock resistance;shock strength 冲击应力shock stress冲击硬度impact hardness充脂材resin—soaked wood;lightwood;resinous wood充足原料储备well-stocked supply of raw materials虫孔(虫眼) insect hole;worm grub重纹孔;具缘纹孔bordered pit初腐dozy初期腐朽incipient decay初期红心腐firm red heart rot初生材primary wood初生木质部primary xylem初生韧皮部primary bast;primary phloem穿孔perforation;punching创伤心材wound heart wood垂直剪切强度vertical shearing strength垂直抗拉强度perpendicular tensile strength纯应变pure strain次生木质部secondary xylem次生韧皮部secondary phloem粗材积gross scale粗结构coarse texture粗纹理coarse grain;open grain;rough grain脆心材brittle heart打号员(划线员) marker大板条large strip大虫孔grub hole大兜(干基特大的) butt swelling;swell-butted;root swelling 大径材large timber大幼树large sapling大圆材high pole; large pole带棱健全材square-edge and sound (Sq.E.Sd.)带皮直径diameter outside(over)bark带心材boxed heart timber带状花纹stripe figure;ribbon grain袋腐pocket(rot)单壁孔(单纹孔) simple pit单穿孔simple perforation档木(集材弯道) sheer log导管vessel导管分子vessel element导热性thermal conductivity;heat conductivity倒棱(倒角) chamfers等级类别grade category等级区分grade separation等级应力;应力分类;应力分等grade stress地表直径ground line diameter(GLD)顶腐top rot冻心材frost heart-wood端裂end checking;end shake;end split端面纹理end grain短木段billet;bolt短原木billet timber断面模量modulus of section断纹理;破折纹理broken grain对角纹理diagonal grain钝棱材waney lumber多用途材versatile wood多脂材fatwood伐木废材logging debris法向应力normal stress翻木机log rotator防变色处理anti—stain treatment防裂扒钉anti—checking iron;anti-split iron防裂夹具anti-checking clamp防裂涂料anti-checking coating非规格材off-standard非破坏性试验non-destructive testing废料refuse分叉节;岔节branched knot封闭节;不贯通节blind knot封边条edge banding蜂窝腐honeycomb(rot)蜂窝状纤维(木材缺陷) comb grain;quartered without flakes 腐烂和腐朽decay and rot腐朽节rotten knot:decayed knot复合材composite wood复合成材composite lumber复节;丛节knot cluster复心材double heart-wood;double-summit改良板尺检尺法new F.B.M scale改性木improved wood; modified wood干材stemwood干腐trunk rot;bole rot干基腐朽butt rot干裂crack;seasoning check干容积重dry bulk density干围girth干围级girth class干围界限girth limit干围率girth quotient干燥应力drying stress杆材small pole刚性模量rigidity modules根端butt end根段材first log;butt log根腐root rot根株(木)花纹stump figure工作应力working stress构架材carcassing timber管胞tracheid管孔pore管状腐朽pipe rot规定尺寸dead size规格材dimension stock过熟材overyeared wood;overstocked wood海绵状腐朽sponge rot含晶细胞crystalliferous cell含水率moisture content含水率允许公差moisture tolerances函心材boxed—heart(timber)褐腐brown rot黑节black knot横纹剪切shear perpendicular to the grain横纹抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength perpendicular to(the) grain横纹抗拉强度tensile strength perpendicular to the grain横纹抗压强度compression strength perpendicular to(the) grain横纹抗压试验compression test perpendicular to the grain横纹拉力tension perpendicular to the grain横向翘曲cupping:crosswise concaving; transverse warping;cup 红变red stain宏观构造gross structure后期腐朽advanced decay厚度膨胀thickness swelling弧裂burst check花斑纹mottled figure;mottle figure滑移slipping化学变色chemical stain环钉ring dog环孔材ring-porous wood环裂ring shake;round shake环状腐朽ring rot混生节Intergrown knot活节live knot; tight knot火焰纹flame figure机加工性能machining properties机械磨损abrasion(mechanical)基本应力basic stress极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength极限抗弯强度ultimate bending strength极限强度ultimate strength极限应力ultimate stress加工材manufactured lumber夹皮bark pocket假年轮;伪年轮false(annual)ring;false increment假心材;伪心材false heart wood尖节spike knot尖削度taper;fall-off; tapering;taperingness坚实节fixed knot间柱材stud(ding)检尺杖scale stick剪切弹性模量shear modulus剪切拉伸强度shear tensile strength剪切破坏shear failure剪切应力shearing stress剪应变shear strain健全节sound knot降等downgrade;degrade交错纹理cross gram;interlocked grain节材nodal wood节子knot;knag结构特选级selected structure紧密节tight knot浸渍材impregnated wood径级diameter class径裂radial shake;cross shake径切面纹理comb—grain净增率percentage net growth锯齿状年轮indented ring卷曲花纹curly figure卷曲纹理curly grain绝对含水率absolute moisture content均匀结构uniform texture;even texture;even grain 抗白蚁处理termite-resistance treatment抗剪刚度shear stiffness抗剪力shear resistance抗剪强度shearing strength;shear resistance抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength抗拉弹性tensile elasticity抗拉刚度tensile stiffness抗拉强度tensile strength抗磨性abrasive resistance抗扭刚度torsional rigidity抗扭强度torsional strength抗劈力cleavage resistance抗劈性cleavability抗弯刚度bending stiffness抗弯强度bending strength;crossbending strength;cross-breaking strength;flexural strength抗弯阻力buckling resistance抗压极限强度maximum crushing strength抗压强度crushing strength;compression (compressive) strength;bearing strength坑腐pitted sap rot空节;节洞hollow knot枯梢树staghead块状腐朽cubical rot扩基上端干围girth above buttress阔叶材树脂囊(油眼) gum pocket拉力试验机tensile testing machine拉伸试验tensile test拉应力tensile stress蓝斑;蓝变blue stain蓝变材blue lumber梁材stringer两端翘(弓形弯);顺弯bow;bowing劣等材wrack裂环ring crack(shake);round shake檩材beams;stringer绿变green stain乱纹材burly乱纹理wild grain轮生节verticillate or whorle knot螺纹增厚spiral thickening螺旋纹理spiral grain马蹄形防裂扒钉beegle iron毛边材unedged lumber毛刺woolly grain毛刺沟痕torn grain密实木材densified wood磨科abrasive(=grinding material)木薄壁组织xylem parenchyma;wood parenchyma木材变色wood stain木材传声性acoustical conductivity of wood木材脆性brashness of wood;brittleness of wood木材弹性elasticity of wood;elastic property of wood木材的膨胀和收缩swelling and shrinking of wood木材的柔韧性pliability of wood木材电学性质electricity property of wood木材分类wood assortment;wood sorting木材干馏wood distillation木材刚性rigidity of wood木材黑斑black spot(in wood)木材解剖术;木材切片术xylotomy木材抗疲劳性fatigue of wood木材力学性质(木材机械性质) mechanical properties of wood木材流变学rheology of wood木材密度specific gravity of wood木材耐磨性abrasion of wood木材挠性flexibility of wood木材膨胀swelling of wood木材缺陷defect;fault木材韧性toughness of wood木材容重volume weight of wood;weight by volume;volumetric weight 木材声响反射系数acoustic reflection coefficient f wood木材声学性质acoustical properties of wood木材实质比重(真比重) specific weight of wood木材实质密度density of wood substance木材水解wood hydrolysis木材塑性plastic property of wood木材调温调湿设备wood conditioning apparatus木材透声性acoustical permeability of wood木材凸起bulge(of wood)木材凸纹burr figure of wood木材物理性质physical property of wood木材吸音系数acoustic absorption coefficient of wood木射线xylem ray;wood ray木丝excelsior;wood wool木瓦材shingle bolt木纹figure;grain木纹斜度slope of grain木纤维wood fiber木纤维素wood cellulose木质部xylem木质素lignin耐火木材refractory timber耐久性试验endurance test耐磨试验abrasive test耐磨硬度abrasive hardness耐水性moisture resistance囊腐pocket rot挠曲刚度;抗挠刚度flexural rigidity内部腐朽inside rot内含边材inside sapwood;included sapwood;double sapwood 内夹皮close bark-pocket内裂interior cheek;internal check逆表面硬化(应力) reverse case-hardening年轮(生长轮) growth ring;yearly ring increment鸟眼(木材) birds’eye (wood)鸟眼纹bird's figure扭(力)矩torsional moment扭矩torque扭力torsional force;torsional load turning force扭曲distortion扭曲纹twisted grain扭应力torsional stress膨胀压力swelling pressure皮包节encased knot皮孔lenticelle;lenticel疲劳极限fatigue limit疲劳强度fatigue strength(resistance)疲劳试验durability test偏向木sway wood偏心(年)轮eccentric ring偏心(髓心偏离) wandering heart;eccentric pith片(英)尺super feet平衡含水率equilibrium moisture content(EMC)平均干围mean girth平均木;中央木mean sample-tree破坏性试验break-down test骑马钉C-iron千板尺MBF千板尺锯材=2.36m3 1MBF sawn timber = 2.36m3 千板尺原木=5.1m3 1MBF log = 5.1m3千平方尺MSF强度比strength ratio强度试验strength test强度系数strength factor翘曲warp;warping;distortion切削沟纹;碎裂纹chipped grain切削加工性能machinability侵染材affected wood (timber)侵填体tylosis青变;蓝变blue sap-stain曲干材compass-timber屈服应力yield stress去皮材barked wood去皮原木buckskin去皮直径diameter inside bark去脂材bled timber缺陷材defect wood缺陷分级法defect system缺陷原木defective log染料木材dyewood热力学thermodynamics热膨胀thermal expansion热容量thermal capacity韧皮射线phloem ray韧皮束phloem bundle韧型木纤维libriform wood fiber韧性值toughness value容许应力permissible stress;allowable stress 乳汁道latex canal乳汁管latex tube;laticifer;laticiferous tube 乳汁细胞latex cell;laticiferous cell软腐soft rot散孔材diffuse porous wood上等材high grade stock上木upper growth;upper stock深虫孔deep worm hole深加工Intensive processing深裂纹(深1/8英寸以下) heavy torn grain生长应力growth stress生节live knot;sound knot声阻acoustic resistance湿腐wet rot湿心材water-core;wetwood;wet heart十亿立方米MMMm3实木solid wood饰面片finish fails试件;试材testing piece试生产trial production试行experimenting;try out试验程序;试验方法testing procedure试运转break-in;test run;running-in适宜含水率suitable moisture content受压木compression wood疏松节loose knot熟材ripe wood树杈crotch树杈纹crotch grain(figure)树干材stem timber树瘤;树疤burr(burl)树皮;皮层cortex树脂道resin canal;resin duct树脂瘤resinous cancer顺纹along the grain;with the grain;in the grain direction;inthe fiber direction顺纹剪切shear parallel to the grain顺纹抗剪强度shear strength parallel to grain顺纹抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength parallel-to-grain顺纹抗拉强度tensile strength parallel to grain顺纹抗压(极限)强度maximum compression strength parallel to(the) grain 顺纹抗压强度compression strength parallel to grain;endwise tensile strength;crushing strength along the grain丝状腐朽stringy rot撕裂纹torn grain死节dead knot;encased knot;non-adhering knot松散纹理loosened grain塑(性)变(形) plastic deformation髓节pith knot弹性极限应力stress of elasticity limit统材(包括中等以下的阔叶材及一般的针叶材) common(s)桶材tubbing头木basal trunk椭圆节oval knot弯边softforming edge弯矩moment of flexure弯抗强度buckling strength弯曲材crook弯曲杆材curvature弯曲极限buckling limit弯曲木bent wood;compass-timber弯曲应变buckling strain弯曲应力bending stress;buckling stress弯曲折断荷载buckling load晚材(夏材) late wood(summer wood)晚材率late wood percentage;percent of late wood未成熟材immature wood未成熟心材imperfect heart wood纹孔道pit canal纹孔膜pit membrane纹孔内口inner pit aperture纹孔塞pit torus纹孔室;纹孔腔pit chamber纹孔缘pit border纹理方向grain direction涡卷纹swirl grain握钉力nail-holding ability;nail-holding power(capacity);screw holding power无节材clear wood无孔材non—pored timber(wood)无缺陷材clear lumber细(致)纹理smooth grain;fine grain;close grain细胞膜cell membrane细波花纹fiddle back figure(grain)细结构fine texture细结构材fine-texture wood细纹材close-grained wood纤维(状)管胞fiber—tracheid纤维饱和点fiber-saturation point纤维应力fiber stress弦面纹理slash figure(grain)弦切面纹理flat grain显微构造microscopic structure显微解剖micro-dissection相对含水率relative moisture content箱板材case wood;wrack小材小料waste lumber material小虫孔shot hole;pin hole小方材scantlings小规格材small-dimension stock小径木undersized tree小柱材low pole斜边原木bevel-edged log斜纹抗压强度compression strength inclined to(the) grain 斜纹理diagonal grain心材heart wood心材树(种) heart wood tree心裂pith check;rift;heart check;heart shake新伐材freshly-felled timber(wood)形成层cambium (pl.cambia)胸高干围girth breast height(GBH)胸高直径diameter breast-high(D.B.H.)熊抓纹wild grain bear scratches朽节rotten knot压碎应力crushing stress压缩木compact wood;compressed wood压应力compressive stress;crushing stress羊毛状纹理woolly grain一等材first prime quality;first grade timber异形射线(组织) heterogeneous ray(tissue)银光花纹silver grain(figure)引火木材spunk隐节;内含节enclosed knot应变strain应变仪strain gauge;strainometer应拉木tension wood应力(力学) stress (mechanic)应力分级法stress grading应力分析stress analysis应力集中stress concentration应力木reaction wood应力松弛stress relaxation应力应变stress-strain应压木compression-wood硬度hardness硬腐(初期腐朽) hard rot硬化层压木densified laminated wood永久变形permanent deformation;permanent set 优质大原木big blue butt有孔材pored wood幼年材immature wood;juvenile wood愈合材callus wood原木板英尺材积表board foot log rule原木大头段butt block原条tree stem;trunk(=pole)圆节round knot圆棱eased arris(edge)杂木miscellaneous tree;weed tree早材(春材) early (spring) wood造材bucking;dissecting;dissection造材归堆机bucker—buncher造材机bucker造材锯bucking saw站杆(枯立木) snag涨方(胀量) bulk丈尺measuring staff(stick)针节pin knot针叶材树脂囊;油眼resin cyst;resin pocket;gum pocket真菌学试验mycological test正应力normal stress枝节knottiness枝梢材faggot wood;lop and top;lapwood枝条材branchwood;slender-branched枝桠材brushwood直边和弯边的封边材料edgebanding materials for straight and softforming edges中方(材) medium hewn squares中节medium knot中央干围mid girth周皮periderm蛛网心裂spider heart主干高bole height(length)柱材post;pillar wood桩木pile装饰兼结构用材appearance lumber纵裂longitudinal check纵向切削longitudinal cutting纵向树脂道;轴向树脂道vertical resin canal阻力矩moment of resistance最大剪应力maximum shearing stress最大纤维应力extreme fiber stress最大压应力maximum compressive stress美国椴木Basswood其它名称:菩提木、美洲白木、美洲椴∙∙比重(当含水量为12%时):0.37∙平均重量(当含水量为12%时):417公斤/立方米∙平均体积收缩率(湿材到含水量6%的木材):12.6%∙弹性模量:10067兆帕∙硬度:1824牛顿∙产品描述:椴木主要分布于美国北部各洲及五大湖地区。

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木材英汉词汇安全应力safe stress暗色心材dark heart-wood;dark corewood凹凸纹(理)(机械缺陷) raised grain扒钉(蚂蟥钉) double—headed nail白腐white rot白腐材white rotten wood百万板尺MMBF百万立方米Mm3斑腐mottled(rot);pecky板尺检尺法foot board measurement板英尺board foot(b.F.; B.F.or bd.ft)板英尺—考得转换board foot-cord conversion板英尺-立方英尺转换board foot-cubic foot conversion 板英尺材积表board foot volume table板英尺检尺board—foot scaling板英尺量度board-foot measure半成材shop lumber半环孔材semi—ring porous wood半活节partial Intergrown knot半具缘纹孔对semibordered pit-pair半散孔材semi-diffuse porous wood半圆材half-round wood半缘纹孔对haft-bordered pit-pair包复片wrapping foil薄壁组织parenchyma被絮花纹quilted figure比例极限proportional limit;limit of proportionality比例极限应力stress at proportional limit壁孔(纹孔) pit壁孔对(纹孔对) pit pair壁孔口(纹孔口) pit aperture壁孔膜(纹孔膜) pit membrane壁孔腔(纹孔腔) pit cavity;pit chamber边材腐朽sap rot;external decay边材树sapwood tree边腐marginal rot边节edge knot边棱节arris knot;corner knot边缘纹孔marginal pit变色材staining wood变形deformation标尺staff标准节standard knot标准考得apparent cord标准木type tree标准误差mean error;error of mean square表层硬化case hardening表面虫孔surface worm hole表面缺陷;明显缺陷open defect波状纹理wavy figure(or grain);fiddle back grain 不规则纹理irregular grain不合格率failure rate不健全节unsound knot不均匀结构uneven texture不均匀纹理uneven grain部分轻度表层腐朽partial shallow decay部分严重(深层)腐朽partial deep decay材积测定法volume determination材面节(疤) face knot材性wood property材种kind of timber;wood sort;assortment槽纹钉corrugated nail侧面纹理side grain侧翘(边弯) spring测径尺caliper rule测径直角尺(轮尺) caliper square层积材laminate产品种类;产品目录production program长节mule-ear knot沉水材sinker成材lumber成年材mature wood;adult wood成熟材ripe wood承压应力bearing stress赤节red knot冲击剪切强度impact shearing strength冲击强度impact strength;shock resistance;shock strength 冲击应力shock stress冲击硬度impact hardness充脂材resin—soaked wood;lightwood;resinous wood充足原料储备well-stocked supply of raw materials虫孔(虫眼) insect hole;worm grub重纹孔;具缘纹孔bordered pit初腐dozy初期腐朽incipient decay初期红心腐firm red heart rot初生材primary wood初生木质部primary xylem初生韧皮部primary bast;primary phloem穿孔perforation;punching创伤心材wound heart wood垂直剪切强度vertical shearing strength垂直抗拉强度perpendicular tensile strength纯应变pure strain次生木质部secondary xylem次生韧皮部secondary phloem粗材积gross scale粗结构coarse texture粗纹理coarse grain;open grain;rough grain脆心材brittle heart打号员(划线员) marker大板条large strip大虫孔grub hole大兜(干基特大的) butt swelling;swell-butted;root swelling 大径材large timber大幼树large sapling大圆材high pole; large pole带棱健全材square-edge and sound (Sq.E.Sd.)带皮直径diameter outside(over)bark带心材boxed heart timber带状花纹stripe figure;ribbon grain袋腐pocket(rot)单壁孔(单纹孔) simple pit单穿孔simple perforation档木(集材弯道) sheer log导管vessel导管分子vessel element导热性thermal conductivity;heat conductivity倒棱(倒角) chamfers等级类别grade category等级区分grade separation等级应力;应力分类;应力分等grade stress地表直径ground line diameter(GLD)顶腐top rot冻心材frost heart-wood端裂end checking;end shake;end split端面纹理end grain短木段billet;bolt短原木billet timber断面模量modulus of section断纹理;破折纹理broken grain对角纹理diagonal grain钝棱材waney lumber多用途材versatile wood多脂材fatwood伐木废材logging debris法向应力normal stress翻木机log rotator防变色处理anti—stain treatment防裂扒钉anti—checking iron;anti-split iron防裂夹具anti-checking clamp防裂涂料anti-checking coating非规格材off-standard非破坏性试验non-destructive testing废料refuse分叉节;岔节branched knot封闭节;不贯通节blind knot封边条edge banding蜂窝腐honeycomb(rot)蜂窝状纤维(木材缺陷) comb grain;quartered without flakes 腐烂和腐朽decay and rot腐朽节rotten knot:decayed knot复合材composite wood复合成材composite lumber复节;丛节knot cluster复心材double heart-wood;double-summit改良板尺检尺法new F.B.M scale改性木improved wood; modified wood干材stemwood干腐trunk rot;bole rot干基腐朽butt rot干裂crack;seasoning check干容积重dry bulk density干围girth干围级girth class干围界限girth limit干围率girth quotient干燥应力drying stress杆材small pole刚性模量rigidity modules根端butt end根段材first log;butt log根腐root rot根株(木)花纹stump figure工作应力working stress构架材carcassing timber管胞tracheid管孔pore管状腐朽pipe rot规定尺寸dead size规格材dimension stock过熟材overyeared wood;overstocked wood海绵状腐朽sponge rot含晶细胞crystalliferous cell含水率moisture content含水率允许公差moisture tolerances函心材boxed—heart(timber)褐腐brown rot黑节black knot横纹剪切shear perpendicular to the grain横纹抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength perpendicular to(the) grain横纹抗拉强度tensile strength perpendicular to the grain横纹抗压强度compression strength perpendicular to(the) grain横纹抗压试验compression test perpendicular to the grain横纹拉力tension perpendicular to the grain横向翘曲cupping:crosswise concaving; transverse warping;cup 红变red stain宏观构造gross structure后期腐朽advanced decay厚度膨胀thickness swelling弧裂burst check花斑纹mottled figure;mottle figure滑移slipping化学变色chemical stain环钉ring dog环孔材ring-porous wood环裂ring shake;round shake环状腐朽ring rot混生节Intergrown knot活节live knot; tight knot火焰纹flame figure机加工性能machining properties机械磨损abrasion(mechanical)基本应力basic stress极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength极限抗弯强度ultimate bending strength极限强度ultimate strength极限应力ultimate stress加工材manufactured lumber夹皮bark pocket假年轮;伪年轮false(annual)ring;false increment假心材;伪心材false heart wood尖节spike knot尖削度taper;fall-off; tapering;taperingness坚实节fixed knot间柱材stud(ding)检尺杖scale stick剪切弹性模量shear modulus剪切拉伸强度shear tensile strength剪切破坏shear failure剪切应力shearing stress剪应变shear strain健全节sound knot降等downgrade;degrade交错纹理cross gram;interlocked grain节材nodal wood节子knot;knag结构特选级selected structure紧密节tight knot浸渍材impregnated wood径级diameter class径裂radial shake;cross shake径切面纹理comb—grain净增率percentage net growth锯齿状年轮indented ring卷曲花纹curly figure卷曲纹理curly grain绝对含水率absolute moisture content均匀结构uniform texture;even texture;even grain 抗白蚁处理termite-resistance treatment抗剪刚度shear stiffness抗剪力shear resistance抗剪强度shearing strength;shear resistance抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength抗拉弹性tensile elasticity抗拉刚度tensile stiffness抗拉强度tensile strength抗磨性abrasive resistance抗扭刚度torsional rigidity抗扭强度torsional strength抗劈力cleavage resistance抗劈性cleavability抗弯刚度bending stiffness抗弯强度bending strength;crossbending strength;cross-breaking strength;flexural strength抗弯阻力buckling resistance抗压极限强度maximum crushing strength抗压强度crushing strength;compression (compressive) strength;bearing strength坑腐pitted sap rot空节;节洞hollow knot枯梢树staghead块状腐朽cubical rot扩基上端干围girth above buttress阔叶材树脂囊(油眼) gum pocket拉力试验机tensile testing machine拉伸试验tensile test拉应力tensile stress蓝斑;蓝变blue stain蓝变材blue lumber梁材stringer两端翘(弓形弯);顺弯bow;bowing劣等材wrack裂环ring crack(shake);round shake檩材beams;stringer绿变green stain乱纹材burly乱纹理wild grain轮生节verticillate or whorle knot螺纹增厚spiral thickening螺旋纹理spiral grain马蹄形防裂扒钉beegle iron毛边材unedged lumber毛刺woolly grain毛刺沟痕torn grain密实木材densified wood磨科abrasive(=grinding material)木薄壁组织xylem parenchyma;wood parenchyma木材变色wood stain木材传声性acoustical conductivity of wood木材脆性brashness of wood;brittleness of wood木材弹性elasticity of wood;elastic property of wood木材的膨胀和收缩swelling and shrinking of wood木材的柔韧性pliability of wood木材电学性质electricity property of wood木材分类wood assortment;wood sorting木材干馏wood distillation木材刚性rigidity of wood木材黑斑black spot(in wood)木材解剖术;木材切片术xylotomy木材抗疲劳性fatigue of wood木材力学性质(木材机械性质) mechanical properties of wood木材流变学rheology of wood木材密度specific gravity of wood木材耐磨性abrasion of wood木材挠性flexibility of wood木材膨胀swelling of wood木材缺陷defect;fault木材韧性toughness of wood木材容重volume weight of wood;weight by volume;volumetric weight 木材声响反射系数acoustic reflection coefficient f wood木材声学性质acoustical properties of wood木材实质比重(真比重) specific weight of wood木材实质密度density of wood substance木材水解wood hydrolysis木材塑性plastic property of wood木材调温调湿设备wood conditioning apparatus木材透声性acoustical permeability of wood木材凸起bulge(of wood)木材凸纹burr figure of wood木材物理性质physical property of wood木材吸音系数acoustic absorption coefficient of wood木射线xylem ray;wood ray木丝excelsior;wood wool木瓦材shingle bolt木纹figure;grain木纹斜度slope of grain木纤维wood fiber木纤维素wood cellulose木质部xylem木质素lignin耐火木材refractory timber耐久性试验endurance test耐磨试验abrasive test耐磨硬度abrasive hardness耐水性moisture resistance囊腐pocket rot挠曲刚度;抗挠刚度flexural rigidity内部腐朽inside rot内含边材inside sapwood;included sapwood;double sapwood 内夹皮close bark-pocket内裂interior cheek;internal check逆表面硬化(应力) reverse case-hardening年轮(生长轮) growth ring;yearly ring increment鸟眼(木材) birds‟eye (wood)鸟眼纹bird's figure扭(力)矩torsional moment扭矩torque扭力torsional force;torsional load turning force扭曲distortion扭曲纹twisted grain扭应力torsional stress膨胀压力swelling pressure皮包节encased knot皮孔lenticelle;lenticel疲劳极限fatigue limit疲劳强度fatigue strength(resistance)疲劳试验durability test偏向木sway wood偏心(年)轮eccentric ring偏心(髓心偏离) wandering heart;eccentric pith片(英)尺super feet平衡含水率equilibrium moisture content(EMC)平均干围mean girth平均木;中央木mean sample-tree破坏性试验break-down test骑马钉C-iron千板尺MBF千板尺锯材=2.36m3 1MBF sawn timber = 2.36m3 千板尺原木=5.1m3 1MBF log = 5.1m3千平方尺MSF强度比strength ratio强度试验strength test强度系数strength factor翘曲warp;warping;distortion切削沟纹;碎裂纹chipped grain切削加工性能machinability侵染材affected wood (timber)侵填体tylosis青变;蓝变blue sap-stain曲干材compass-timber屈服应力yield stress去皮材barked wood去皮原木buckskin去皮直径diameter inside bark去脂材bled timber缺陷材defect wood缺陷分级法defect system缺陷原木defective log染料木材dyewood热力学thermodynamics热膨胀thermal expansion热容量thermal capacity韧皮射线phloem ray韧皮束phloem bundle韧型木纤维libriform wood fiber韧性值toughness value容许应力permissible stress;allowable stress 乳汁道latex canal乳汁管latex tube;laticifer;laticiferous tube 乳汁细胞latex cell;laticiferous cell软腐soft rot散孔材diffuse porous wood上等材high grade stock上木upper growth;upper stock深虫孔deep worm hole深加工Intensive processing深裂纹(深1/8英寸以下) heavy torn grain生长应力growth stress生节live knot;sound knot声阻acoustic resistance湿腐wet rot湿心材water-core;wetwood;wet heart十亿立方米MMMm3实木solid wood饰面片finish fails试件;试材testing piece试生产trial production试行experimenting;try out试验程序;试验方法testing procedure试运转break-in;test run;running-in适宜含水率suitable moisture content受压木compression wood疏松节loose knot熟材ripe wood树杈crotch树杈纹crotch grain(figure)树干材stem timber树瘤;树疤burr(burl)树皮;皮层cortex树脂道resin canal;resin duct树脂瘤resinous cancer顺纹along the grain;with the grain;in the grain direction;inthe fiber direction顺纹剪切shear parallel to the grain顺纹抗剪强度shear strength parallel to grain顺纹抗拉(极限)强度maximum tensile strength parallel-to-grain顺纹抗拉强度tensile strength parallel to grain顺纹抗压(极限)强度maximum compression strength parallel to(the) grain 顺纹抗压强度compression strength parallel to grain;endwise tensile strength;crushing strength along the grain丝状腐朽stringy rot撕裂纹torn grain死节dead knot;encased knot;non-adhering knot松散纹理loosened grain塑(性)变(形) plastic deformation髓节pith knot弹性极限应力stress of elasticity limit统材(包括中等以下的阔叶材及一般的针叶材) common(s)桶材tubbing头木basal trunk椭圆节oval knot弯边softforming edge弯矩moment of flexure弯抗强度buckling strength弯曲材crook弯曲杆材curvature弯曲极限buckling limit弯曲木bent wood;compass-timber弯曲应变buckling strain弯曲应力bending stress;buckling stress弯曲折断荷载buckling load晚材(夏材) late wood(summer wood)晚材率late wood percentage;percent of late wood未成熟材immature wood未成熟心材imperfect heart wood纹孔道pit canal纹孔膜pit membrane纹孔内口inner pit aperture纹孔塞pit torus纹孔室;纹孔腔pit chamber纹孔缘pit border纹理方向grain direction涡卷纹swirl grain握钉力nail-holding ability;nail-holding power(capacity);screw holding power无节材clear wood无孔材non—pored timber(wood)无缺陷材clear lumber细(致)纹理smooth grain;fine grain;close grain细胞膜cell membrane细波花纹fiddle back figure(grain)细结构fine texture细结构材fine-texture wood细纹材close-grained wood纤维(状)管胞fiber—tracheid纤维饱和点fiber-saturation point纤维应力fiber stress弦面纹理slash figure(grain)弦切面纹理flat grain显微构造microscopic structure显微解剖micro-dissection相对含水率relative moisture content箱板材case wood;wrack小材小料waste lumber material小虫孔shot hole;pin hole小方材scantlings小规格材small-dimension stock小径木undersized tree小柱材low pole斜边原木bevel-edged log斜纹抗压强度compression strength inclined to(the) grain 斜纹理diagonal grain心材heart wood心材树(种) heart wood tree心裂pith check;rift;heart check;heart shake新伐材freshly-felled timber(wood)形成层cambium (pl.cambia)胸高干围girth breast height(GBH)胸高直径diameter breast-high(D.B.H.)熊抓纹wild grain bear scratches朽节rotten knot压碎应力crushing stress压缩木compact wood;compressed wood压应力compressive stress;crushing stress羊毛状纹理woolly grain一等材first prime quality;first grade timber异形射线(组织) heterogeneous ray(tissue)银光花纹silver grain(figure)引火木材spunk隐节;内含节enclosed knot应变strain应变仪strain gauge;strainometer应拉木tension wood应力(力学) stress (mechanic)应力分级法stress grading应力分析stress analysis应力集中stress concentration应力木reaction wood应力松弛stress relaxation应力应变stress-strain应压木compression-wood硬度hardness硬腐(初期腐朽) hard rot硬化层压木densified laminated wood永久变形permanent deformation;permanent set 优质大原木big blue butt有孔材pored wood幼年材immature wood;juvenile wood愈合材callus wood原木板英尺材积表board foot log rule原木大头段butt block原条tree stem;trunk(=pole)圆节round knot圆棱eased arris(edge)杂木miscellaneous tree;weed tree早材(春材) early (spring) wood造材bucking;dissecting;dissection造材归堆机bucker—buncher造材机bucker造材锯bucking saw站杆(枯立木) snag涨方(胀量) bulk丈尺measuring staff(stick)针节pin knot针叶材树脂囊;油眼resin cyst;resin pocket;gum pocket真菌学试验mycological test正应力normal stress枝节knottiness枝梢材faggot wood;lop and top;lapwood枝条材branchwood;slender-branched枝桠材brushwood直边和弯边的封边材料edgebanding materials for straight and softforming edges中方(材) medium hewn squares中节medium knot中央干围mid girth周皮periderm蛛网心裂spider heart主干高bole height(length)柱材post;pillar wood桩木pile装饰兼结构用材appearance lumber纵裂longitudinal check纵向切削longitudinal cutting纵向树脂道;轴向树脂道vertical resin canal阻力矩moment of resistance最大剪应力maximum shearing stress最大纤维应力extreme fiber stress最大压应力maximum compressive stress美国椴木Basswood其它名称:菩提木、美洲白木、美洲椴∙∙比重(当含水量为12%时):0.37∙平均重量(当含水量为12%时):417公斤/立方米∙平均体积收缩率(湿材到含水量6%的木材):12.6%∙弹性模量:10067兆帕∙硬度:1824牛顿∙产品描述:椴木主要分布于美国北部各洲及五大湖地区。

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