摘要常用句型及其翻译
毕业论文英语摘要翻译技巧
例1：（茂名学院，茂名 广东 525000） (Maoming College, Maoming , Guangdong 525000，China)
例2：（茂名学院化学与生命科学学院，茂名 广东 525000） （College of Chemistry and Life Science, Maoming University, Maoming 525000,
语言结构：
语态一般为被动语态 时态：一般目的、方法和结果用过去时或过去完成时，结论 用 一般现在时。
另外，正确的翻译还包括标点符号 其中：中文中顿号“、”，英文时改为“，”；
中文句号“。”，英文时改为“.”
常用的句型及词语
在英语论文中，常使用一些较为固定句型和表达方式，从而形 成一些独特的表达习惯。 1.表示研究目的、过程、结果等的常用句型 purpose of this study (investigation,report,etc.) is to….
与实词的要求一样。
二 、 作 者 姓 名 及 工 作 单 位 (signature and department)
按照国家科技期刊翻译标准，本部分的翻译需用统一格 式。
作者：姓，全部大写；名，首字母大写，其余小写，双 名在中间加连字符，不缩写。
例：毛泽东为 MAO Ze-dong ；张仲景为 ZHANG Zhongjing
（四）关键词（key words） 关键词指那些出现在论文标题以及摘要、正文
中，能够表现论文主题内容特征、具有实质意义 的语言词汇。
关键词可以是名词、动词、形容词或词组。 一般3～8个词为宜。多个关键词之间用“，”或
“；”分隔,以便于计算机自动切分。
毕业论文摘要英文翻译
毕业论文摘要英文翻译Abstract:This paper examines the effects of exercise on mental health and well-being. As individuals continue to face increasing levels of stress and anxiety, it is important to explore alternative methods of managing and improving mental well-being. Exercise has been widely recognized as a potential solution, and numerous studies have investigated the relationship between physical activity and mental health. This research aims to synthesize and evaluate existing literature to determine the impact of exercise on mental health outcomes. The study also investigates the mechanisms through which exercise influences mental well-being.The literature review confirms the positive relationship between exercise and mental health. Regular physical activity has been shown to reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, exercise is associated with improved cognitive function and increased self-esteem. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the beneficial effects of exercise, including the release of endorphins, increased blood flow to the brain, and social interaction.Despite the evidence supporting the positive effects of exercise on mental health, barriers exist that prevent individuals from engaging in regular physical activity. These barriers include lack of time, motivation, and access to exercise facilities. Strategies to overcome these barriers are discussed, such as incorporating exercise intodaily routines, setting realistic goals, and utilizing community resources.In conclusion, exercise has a significant positive impact on mental health and well-being. This research highlights the importance of integrating physical activity into daily life, especially in the face of increasing levels of stress and anxiety. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for individuals, healthcare providers, and policymakers. By promoting the benefits of exercise and addressing the barriers to physical activity, society can strive towards improved mental well-being for all.。
论文英文摘要常用句型
学论文英文摘要常用句型英文摘要一般须以第三人称、过去式叙述。
用词准确，逻辑性强，结构严谨。
结果和结论一般用句子表达；而目的、方法（设计、地点和对象）等，则常用短语表达。
（1）英文摘要的时态与语态1)说明研究目的，通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。
2)说明方法和结果，一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。
3）结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达，也可用主动语态表达。
（2）常用句型1)表达论文内容的常用句型A 第三人称主动态①This paper(article，report)describes…本文叙述…②This paper (article)reports…本文报告…③This report(paper，article)presents…本文介绍…④This paper(article，report)discusses…本文讨论…常用的动词还有analyze(分析)，evaluate(评价)，compare(比较)，describe（描述）等。
B 第一人称主动态⑤We report(on)…我们报告…⑥We describe a case of…我们描述1例…⑦In this paper，we present…本文介绍…⑧In this paper，we report…本文报告…主语除we之外，还可用the authors(作者)等。
C 一般现在时被动语态⑨A case is reported in which…本文报告1例…⑩A study of…is reported本文报告…的研究⑧…is(are)described．本文描述…⑥In this paper．…is(are)presented．本文介绍…2)表达目的常用句型A 一般过去时、被动语态①The purpose（aim，objective）of this study was to…本研究旨在…②The goal（aim）of this investigation was to…本研究旨在…③This study was designed to…本研究旨在…④This study was undertaken to…本研究旨在…⑤This prospective study was performed to…本前瞻性研究的目的是…⑥A study to…was carried out(during) (在…期间)所作研究的目的是…⑦An attempt has been made to…为了…而作试验B 动词不定式短语To evaluate，report，investigate，study，analyze…C 一般过去时、主动语态⑧We（the authors）conducted a study to…为了…我们进行了研究⑨To determine…，we studied…为了确定…，我们研究了…⑩In an attempt to…，in an effort to…或in order to…，we carried out a pilot study…为了…，我们进行了…的初步研究表示目的的常用动词有：evaluate(评价)，examine(检查，观察)，determine(确定，查明)，elucidate(阐明)，explore(探索)，test(测试)，compare(比较)，estimate(评估)，assess(估价)，investigate(调查)等。
论文英语摘要翻译
论文英语摘要翻译论文英语摘要翻译论文摘要要翻译成英语，怎么翻译比较好?一起来看看如何用英语翻译论文摘要吧。
论文摘要翻译的步骤步骤一：题名翻译论文标题(title)是论文的总纲，是能反应论文最重要的特定内容的最恰当、最简明的词语的逻辑组合。
1. 题名常见句型一般用名词性短语(词组式)，不能用不定式或完整句式。
基本句型为：Research of ...(对于XXX的研究);Study on...(基于XXX的研究);Design of...(关于XXX的设计);Research and Application of...(XXX的研究与运用)2. 基本要求为准确论文标题的英译必须准确到位，避免漏译;简洁：没有实际内容的汉语字词可不必译出(如：关于乔治斯坦纳阐释学四步骤的研究，可不将“关于”翻译出来，直接翻译成“Research of/ Study on...”即可。
);清楚标题翻译中一般不用缩略词或化学公式，但可用共知的一些常用缩写，如：DNA/MTI/CAT等，以便读者了解，并不使二次检索时产生歧义。
格式：标题中所有实词的首字母大写，虚词等小写，五个字以上的虚词的首字母(如before, between等)大写。
步骤二：摘要主题翻译1. 摘要： Abstract(第一行居中)2. 语言结构：语态：一般为被动语态(The research is consisted with five parts...“本论文包括五个部分”。
);时态：一般来说，目的用将来时(The purpose of the research is to...)方法和结果用过去时(The research method was.../It was showed that...)结论用一般现在时(The research shows that...)。
步骤三：关键词Key words(“Key”的首字母大写，其余全部小写)。
英译关键词时，词与词之间的标点也由“;”改成“,”。
英文摘要常见句型
英文摘要常见句型1）This paper deals with...2）This article focuses on the topics of (that, having, etc)...3）This eassy presents knowledge that...4）This thesis discusses...5）This thesis analyzes...6）This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on ...8）This article gives an overview of...9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10）This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents up to date information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This eassy represents the preceedings of ...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of ...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...摘要题型写作要点：① 动笔之前，考生一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要点。
摘要及百度翻译
摘要目的：建立杜仲炮制工艺的质量标准，研究盐炙前后杜仲中化学成分组群的变化特征，结合血清药物化学及体内代谢动力学阐明杜仲盐炙入肾的炮制机理。
方法：采用UV、HPLC等分析方法建立盐制杜仲主要化学部位总含量，分析炮制过程对杜仲化学成分群组成结构的影响；在此基础上，结合血清药物化学的研究方法，考察盐制杜仲在肾阳虚证模型大鼠的时空动态HPLC血清指纹图谱，在肾阳虚证模型大鼠肾组织的分布特征；测定血清中血清皮质醇、睾酮、雌二醇、环磷酸腺苷、环磷酸鸟苷、17-羟类固醇随时间变化情况。
结果：（1）分别以芦丁、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷、谷氨酸、D-葡萄糖为对照品，采用紫外分光光度法测定杜仲盐炙前后的总黄酮、总木脂素、氨基酸和多糖的含量，数据显示生品总黄酮的含量为 2.76%，制品总黄酮含量为2.31%，炮制后含量明显下降（p< 0.05）;生品总木质素的含量为10.59%，制品总木脂素的含量为9.51%，炮制后含量明显下降（p< 0.05）;生品氨基酸的含量为0.09%，制品氨基酸含量为0.12%，炮制后含量明显上升（p< 0.05）;生品多糖的含量为0.26%，制品多糖的含量为0.36%，炮制后含量明显上升（p< 0.05）。
（2）分别以京尼平酸、绿原酸、京尼平苷、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷为对照品，米用高效液相色谱法测定杜仲生品、盐炙品中京尼平苷酸、绿原酸、京尼平苷、松脂醇二葡萄糖苷的含量，数据分析显示，京尼平苷酸生品含量为0.38%，制品含量为0.19%，炮制后含量明显下降（p< 0.05）;绿原酸生品含量0.37%，为制品含量为0.29%，炮制后含量明显下降（p< 0.05）;京尼平苷生品含量为0.24%，制品含量为0.20%，炮制后含量明显下降；松脂醇二葡萄糖苷生品含量为0.24%，制品含量为0.18%，炮制后含量明显下降。
（3）以氢化可的松造成肾阳虚模型，将杜仲生品及盐炙品灌胃给药，观察给药前后负重游泳时间、各脏器指数、血清中睾酮、雌二醇、环磷酸腺苷、环磷酸鸟苷、皮质醇和17-羟类固醇的变化，数据显示对于氢化可的松所致肾阳虚模型，模型与空白组比较有显著性差异（p< 0.01）;盐炙杜仲与生品杜仲比较有显著性差异（p< 0.05），给药组与模型组有显著性差异（p < 0.05）;空白组与给药组无明显差异。
论文英文摘要翻译
论文英文摘要翻译AbstractThe rapid development of technology has greatly affected various industries, including the education sector. E-learning, as a form of remote education, has gained popularity in recent years. This paper aims to investigate the impact of e-learning on students' learning outcomes and motivation.To achieve this objective, a literature review was conducted to identify the relevant research on e-learning and its effects. The findings show that e-learning has positive effects on students' learning outcomes, such as increased knowledge acquisition and self-directed learning skills. E-learning provides a flexible learning environment, allowing students to access educational resources anytime and anywhere. This convenience enhances students' motivation and engagement in learning activities.However, the effectiveness of e-learning depends on various factors. The quality of the e-learning platform and instructional design plays a crucial role in engaging students and promoting effective learning. In addition, the role of teachers in facilitating e-learning is also important. Teachers' guidance and support are essential in helping students navigate the online learning platform and clarify any doubts.Moreover, the digital divide is a significant challenge in implementing e-learning. Not all students have access to reliable internet connection and necessary technological devices. Therefore, it is crucial to bridge the digital divide to ensure equalopportunities in e-learning.Furthermore, challenges such as limited social interaction and a lack of personalized feedback in e-learning need to be addressed. Efforts should be made to incorporate interactive features and provide timely feedback to promote effective learning and address students' individual needs.In conclusion, e-learning has the potential to positively impact students' learning outcomes and motivation. However, it is crucial to address challenges related to technological infrastructure, instructional design, and teacher support to maximize the benefits of e-learning. Future research should focus on exploring effective strategies for integrating e-learning into traditional educational settings to create a blended learning approach.Keywords: e-learning, learning outcomes, motivation, instructional design, teacher support。
英文摘要的译写方法
标题翻译必须注意的问题
3．标题力求简洁 译标题时删除多余的词， 例如汉语标题常用“试论”、“初报”、“体 会”、“浅谈”等词表示作者的谦逊和科学上 留有余地，在英语标题中可以略去不译。此外， 以短语代替句子、省略冠词、使用缩略语等， 也是求得标题简单的方法。
e.g. 论农产品多样性与农业可持续发展 On Agro-product Diversity and Agricultural Sustainable Development
标题中词组的译法
其它
评价 evaluation of 价值 value of 意义 significance of 比较 comparison between 调查 survey of 进展 advances in 新进展 recent advances in; recent progress in 回顾与展望 a review and prospect of 问题 problem(s)
摘要(Abstract)
摘要的结构和常用句型
一篇完整的摘要一般是由主题句、展开句和结 束句组成。 主题句(topic sentence)
论文摘要的第一个句子为主题句。在一般的情况下 应采用开门见山的方法直接概括论文的基本内容。 主题句要具体、确切、鲜明；避免空泛、笼统、抽 象。主题句不可只是重复标题的内容，而应当比标 题更充实，更具体，更全面地概括原文。 主 题 句 型 多 用第三 人称 ，自 称 The author 或 This paper；也可用第一人称We.
主题句之后通常有几个简短的句子，使摘要的内容展 开，进一步阐述主题句的内容，概括出文章的主要事 实和论点。 This thesis contains four parts: (1)…(2)…(3)…(4)… The paper is divided into the following topics: (1)…(2)…(3)…(4)… This study has three feature: the first…, secondly … This paper is divided into three parts; part I deals with… part II contains…in part III we have discussed… This article begins with a study of …, nest are described…, then comes a detailed outline of …, and
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四、摘要常用句型（Sentence Patterns Used in English Abstracts ）论文摘要作为一种比较严肃的文本，在内容的安排上有一定的规律，结构有比较固定的格式。
例如温哥华格式（Vancouver Format ）是撰写医学英语论文摘要的基本格式，撰写其他研究领域的英语论文摘要时也可以参照。
█ Basic Sentence PatternsPart I To state the purpose of the experimentsIt is the purpose of this article toThe primary purpose of this review/investigation is toThe objectives of this study were toThis report is intended toIn this study, an attempt was made toanalyzedexplorestudiedevaluateIn order to , we/the authors performecomparedinvestigatesurveyed in/amongPart ⅡTo state the background of the experimentsWe/The authors have confirmed the previous observation thatIt has been reported thatPrevious studies have shown thathas/have been associated withA few comparisons have been made between and Part Ⅲ To state the methods of the experimentsisolatedwas/were analyzedmeasuredby usinginvestigate by the method of/the use of/was/were ddiagnosedperformedmeasurement of /with thetest/by techniquesUsing , we demonstrated Using , we found thatshowsindicatesA recent Study by X demonstratesprovesprovides information concerningthatPart Ⅳ To state the results of the experimentsIt was found thatfailed to showwas/were significantly associated with/related to/correlated withwas/were in inverse proportion todirectly proportional torelationshiThere was no strong/inverse passociation correlationbetweenandThe results showed/revealed/indicated/presented that detailTh se resultsof are presented.Part V To state the discussion and conclusionWe suggest/believe/conclude/recommend thatWe propose to doresultsOur/These/T he findingsobservationsdataresearchinvestigationsindicate thatdemonstrate thatprove thatsupport thatprovide information concerningIt is suggested/recommended/advisedOn the basis of we conclude thatFrom these results, it is concluded thatRecent research indicates that六、摘要英译（Abstract Translation ）在翻译英文摘要时，有以下几个问题应加以注意。
1 、语态在翻译英文摘要时，一般采用第三人称的被动语态。
采用被动语态可以避免提及有关的执行者，使行文显得客观。
同时，被动语态的句子在结构上有较大的调节余地，有利于采用必要的修辞手段，扩大句子的信息量；有利于推出有关的概念、问题、事实和结论等内容。
[例1] 本文提出了一种采用偏微分方程技术求RF 散射问题解的方法。
采用主动语态：This paper presents the method of using partial differential equation techniques for the solution of RF scattering problems.采用被动语态：The method of using partial differential equation techniques for the solutionof RF scattering problems is presented in this paper.采用被动语态描述证实方法的过程，突出事实的客观性。
如：[例2] 对变压器及其周围的八分之一空间进行了电磁场计算：The magnetic field computation was carried out in one octant of the transformer structure and its surrounding space.但是，有时采用主动语态比被动语态在结构上更加简练，表达更为直接有力，可以突出动词所表达的内容。
所以经验丰富的科技论文作者写论文时会恰当地使用主动语态。
一般在他们的文章中，25% 的句子采用主动语态。
在下列情况下被动语态常被采用：使用被动语态比使用主动语态更能造出简单的句子；把某个词语当作句子的主语以便强调这个词；描述某种标准化的过程，而过程的执行者又无关紧要时；实验报告中描述实验程序。
2、时态英文科技论文摘要所采用的时态有：一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时。
由于摘要是以介绍性叙述为主的文体，所以一般现在时是使用最广泛的时态，主要用于陈述性、资料性文摘中。
一般过去时主要用于说明某一项具体项目的开发情况，介绍科学或技术研究项目的资料。
现在完成时说明论文的发展背景、介绍业已结束的研究项目等。
现在，把摘要各部分动词时态的使用规则分述如下：1）在叙述研究目的或主要的研究活动时，如果文章采用“研究导向”（把研究活动当作焦点），则应使用过去式；而如果文章采用“论文导向”（把研究论文本身当作焦点），则应使用现在式。
举例如下：[例3] This article reviews the pertinent biology of these viruses and recent studies of their possible role in systemic lupus erythematosus. （论文导向）This study investigated the distances at which subjects prefer to work inVDU tasks that require frequent gaze-shifting between the VDU screen and a paper document. （研究导向）有的作者采用结构式摘要写法，如：[例4]Object （目的）：To study the incidence of Grave ’s disease and associated factors.Method（方法）：A total of 100123 people aged 15~19 in Daqing region were surveyed epidemiologically. The investigations were conducted for an averagetwo years.Results （结果）：348 patients with Graves ’disease were newly diagnosed, 71 of them （1.6% ）were males and 277 （4.1% ）females.Conclusion （结论）：The study may provide the theoretical evidence for prevention and treatment of Graves ’disease.在结构式摘要中，论文的目的多采用不定式表达；研究的方法和结果一般用过去时表示，这是因为研究工作已经结束；结论一般用现在时或情态动词表示。
2）当论文主要介绍一种模型、算法、分析方法或技术，则应使用现在时来描述研究方法。
如：[例5] A Monte Carlo model is used to calculate the photo election intensity.如果用一个合并的句子来叙述研究目的和研究方法，则有两种写法。
第一种写法是使用句子的主句来表达研究目的，并使用短语来描述研究方法。
在下例中，作者的研究方法用划线部分的短语来表示。
如：[例6] A numerical method for the symmetric matrix eigenvalue program is developed by reducing the problem to a number of matrix-matrix multiplications.第二种写法是使用句子的主句来描述研究方法，而使用位于句首或句尾的短语表达研究目的。
下例划线标明的短语表达了作者的研究目的。
[例7] To study the effect of indentation on program comprehension, programswith three levels of indentation were presented to different groups of subjects.3）概述主要的结果时，通常使用过去时，如：[例8] The scores of subjects who received a program written with moderate indentation were higher than the scores of the other two groups.然而，如果作者认为自己的结果具有普遍有效性，则可能使用现在时，如：[例9] Results indicate that test methods have a significant effect on the test taker ’s scores in reading comprehension.4）在叙述结论或绪言时，常使用以下句型：●Therefore, it can be concluded that●The results of the experiment indicated that●The research we have done suggests that●The investigation carried out by has revealed that●This fruitful work gives explanation of●The author ’s pioneer work has contributed to our present understandingof●These findings of the research have led the author to a conclusion that5）在说明论题的发展背背研究趋势，表示持续到撰写论文时的行为或状态，则应使用现在完成时，如：[ 例10] Previous research has shown that during the work at visual display units （VDUs ）most subjects prefer viewing distance greater than 50 cm.[ 例11] The patients have been followed for 18 to 38 years since the beginningof their disease. Radionuclide examinations provide considerable informationin evaluating patients who have received renal transplants.总之，在翻译科技论文的摘要时，是采用主动语态还是采用被动语态，是采用一般现在时还是采用一般过去时或现在完成时，要看具体的原中文摘要要表达的意思而定，要力求准确、地道地表达原文的意思。