校选修课试卷(跨文化交际)
新编跨文化交际英语教程测试题(一)
跨文化交际测试题（一）I. Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points each)Directions: There are some statements in this section. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the ONE that best completes the statement.1.The United States continues to welcome a large number of immigrants each year and has been referred to as a melting-pot society. This trend can reflect the theory of _____.A. macrocultureB. microcultureC. globalizationD. modernization2. A teenager dresses like and talks like a gang member but not a member of any gang. This case reflects the _______ characteristic of subgroup.A. deviant labelB. temporalityC. wanna-be behaviorD. unexamined3.When you talk with your friends about Picasso, Beethoven, you are talking about culture from ______ perspective.A. anthropologicB. intellectualC. socialD. psychological4.The dialogues at the United Nations, for example, would be termed _________.A. interracial communicationB. interethnic communicationC. international communicationD. interpersonal communication5.There is a Chinese belief that “One is good in nature with different characteristics but similar habits. However, if he is not well educated, his nature changes”. This belief can reflect that_______.A. Human nature is evil but perfectible.B. Human nature is a mixture of good and evil.C. Human nature is good but corruptible.D. None of the above.6.Mr. Wang, a Chinese immigrate in U.S, has adapted himself so well to American culture that he gradually lost his Chinese cultural identity. This process is called_____.A. separation and segregationB. integrationC. assimilationD. marginalization7.Liming, a Chinese student, just began his study in a university in the United States. In his first week in U.S, he thought everything was new and exciting, and he enjoyed himself a lot. Liming is in_____ stage of culture shock.A. honeymoonB. crisisC. reintegrationD. gradual adjustment8._____ is the process of putting an idea into a symbol.A. DecodingB. ChannelC. EncodingD. Source9._____ refers to anything that distorts the message the source encodes.A. NoiseB. MessageC. SourceD. Context10._____ refers to that portion of the receiver response of which the source has knowledge and to which the source attends and assigns meaning.A. ReceiverB. DecodingC. EncodingD. FeedbackII. Terms(15 points, 3 points each)Directions: There are five terms in this section. Try to explain the following terms in your own words. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.11.Intercultural communication12.Culture (from intercultural communication perspective)13.Norms14.Acculturation15.EuphemismIII. Case Analysis(20 points, 5 points each)Directions: In this section you are supposed to analyze the following cases from the perspective of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.16.At a reception for a U.S. political candidate, the guests appear to be divided into groups. People in some groups are all African Americans, others are Latin Americans; and others are Asians. Explain the cultural phenomena that are operating at this political gathering.17.The U.S. automotive manufacturers have complained about Japanese automotive imports and that the U.S. car firms are locked out of the Japanese market. The Japanese have countered that the U.S. firms have not done their homework; they offer cars that are too big or are not fuel efficient. While U.S. car sales have decreased in the United States, Japanese car sales have increased. Japanese manufacturers have begun to assemble cars in the United States; many U.S. firms are moving part of their operations to Mexico. Discuss the implications to these firms as they globalize.18.The United States has globalized faster than it has paid attention to mindsets that differ from U.S. mindset. The world is connected by news satellites, and that allowed the Gulf War Crisis to be viewed as it unfolded ----- the world literally watched the war happen. Explain how the world and public opinion have been affected by mass media, including how world negotiations have changed for governments, diplomats, politicians, and businesses.19.The origin of the hand salute is uncertain. Some historians believe it began in late Roman times when assassinations were common. A citizen who wanted to see a public official had to approach with his right hand raised to show that he did not hold a weapon. Knights in armor raised visors with the right hand when meeting a comrade. The practice gradually became a way of showing respect and, in early American history, sometimes involved removing the hat. By 1820, the motion was modified to touch the hat, and since then it has become the hand salute used today.IV. Short Answer(30 points, 5 points each)Directions: In this section you are supposed to answer the following questions with the knowledge of intercultural communication.Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.20.What are the elements contributing to the globalization?21.How is culture learned?22.What does the power distance measure according to Hofstede?23.What shall be considered in planning business messages?24.How have been individualism and collectivism associated with direct and indirect styles of communication?25.Explain high-context culture and low-context culture.V. English –Chinese Translation(15 points, 3 points each)Directions: In this section you are supposed to translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.26. American restaurant customs are somewhat different from those in other countries. Elsewhere , it may be appropriate to get a waiter or waitress’ attention by calling, whistling , or snapping the fingers. 27. In America, you put up a finger to catch his or her eye. In many parts of the world a fixed service charge is added to restaurant bills. 28. In most American restaurants it is common to tip the waiter or waitress about 15% of the total bill. If the service was very good, you should leave a larger tip. If it was bad, you should leave less. 29. The tip is usually left on the table , but you can also give it directly to the waiter or waitress. In better restaurants you pay your bill through the waitress or waiter. 30. In inexpensive ones, you pay at the cash register. Finally , if you are not able to finish your food, it is perfectly acceptable to ask for a “doggie bag” for the extra food.。
荆州学院《跨文化交际》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷
荆州学院《跨文化交际》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷考试课程：跨文化交际考试时间：120分钟专业：国际商务总分：100分---一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪项不是文化的要素之一？A. 语言B. 宗教C. 肤色D. 性别2. 跨文化交际中，以下哪个层次的文化差异是最难以觉察和理解的？A. 表面文化B. 非语言文化C. 核心文化D. 价值观文化3. 跨文化交际中，以下哪种策略是针对文化差异进行适应的策略？A. 避免策略B. 否认策略C. 融合策略D. 转移策略4. 在跨文化沟通中，以下哪项不是有效沟通的重要因素？A. 语言水平B. 礼貌态度C. 文化敏感度D. 地位高低5. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪个是文化差异的主要表现形式？A. 同化B. 异化C. 互动D. 观察6. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种观念不符合文化相对主义？A. 文化多样性B. 文化普遍性C. 文化变异性D. 文化相对性7. 跨文化交际中，以下哪种能力不是有效沟通的关键能力？A. 语言能力B. 礼貌表达能力C. 自我中心能力D. 文化敏感能力8. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为不符合文化适应的原则？A. 尊重对方文化习惯B. 主动学习对方语言C. 保持自身文化不变D. 理解对方价值观9. 跨文化交际中，以下哪种沟通方式是非语言沟通的表现形式？A. 书面沟通B. 口头沟通C. 肢体语言D. 电话沟通10. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种心态有助于有效沟通？A. 自我中心B. 开放心态C. 歧视心态D. 偏见心态---二、判断题（每题2分，共20分）11. 文化是一种稳定不变的社会现象。
（）12. 表面文化是指文化的核心价值观和信仰。
（）13. 跨文化交际中，语言是文化传播的最重要工具之一。
（）14. 文化相对主义认为所有文化都是平等的。
（）15. 在跨文化交际中，适应性是唯一的有效策略。
（）16. 跨文化交际中，尊重对方文化是沟通的基本前提。
《跨文化交际》题集
《跨文化交际》题集一、选择题（每题10分，共100分）1.跨文化交际主要研究的是：A. 不同国家之间的政治关系B. 不同文化背景的人们之间的交流与互动C. 国际经济的合作与发展D. 全球气候变化的影响2.在跨文化交际中，哪种行为可能被视为不尊重他人？A. 直视对方的眼睛以示真诚B. 在交谈中频繁点头表示赞同C. 在未经允许的情况下触摸他人的头部D. 礼貌地询问对方的个人生活3.“高语境文化”与“低语境文化”的区别在于：A. 沟通中直接信息的多少B. 人们使用语言的频率C. 社会习俗的复杂性D. 对时间的重视程度4.下列哪项不属于非言语交际的形式？A. 肢体语言B. 面部表情C. 语音语调D. 书面文字5.在一些文化中，沉默可能被视为：A. 同意的标志B. 思考的表示C. 不尊重的行为D. 沟通的一种方式6.“文化休克”通常发生在：A. 一个人长时间处于自己的文化中B. 一个人初次接触并适应新的文化环境时C. 一个人对某种文化有深入了解之后D. 一个人在不同文化之间频繁切换时7.下列哪项是跨文化交际中常见的挑战？A. 语言障碍B. 价值观差异C. 沟通风格的不同D. 以上都是8.在一些文化中，时间被视为一种：A. 可以随意支配的资源B. 必须严格遵守的规则C. 可以用来建立社会关系的工具D. 以上都有可能是，取决于具体的文化9.“面子”在跨文化交际中是一个重要的概念，它通常指的是：A. 一个人的社会地位B. 一个人的自尊心和荣誉感C. 一个人在外貌上的吸引力D. 一个人在经济上的实力10.下列哪项不是促进跨文化交际有效性的策略？A. 增强文化意识B. 发展跨文化沟通技巧C. 避免与不同文化背景的人交往D. 尊重并适应不同的文化习俗二、填空题（每题10分，共50分）1.在跨文化交际中，__________是指由于文化差异而导致的沟通障碍或误解。
2.__________文化强调直接、明确的沟通方式，而__________文化则更注重含蓄和间接的表达。
跨文化交际专业试题及答案
跨文化交际专业试题及答案一、选择题1. 跨文化交际中，以下哪个行为最可能被视为不礼貌？A. 直接注视对方B. 握手C. 鞠躬D. 保持微笑答案：A2. 在美国，人们通常在什么情况下会使用“please”？A. 要求别人做事B. 表达感谢C. 表达歉意D. 表达同意答案：A3. 在日本，以下哪种行为被认为是尊重的表现？A. 直接进入别人的办公室B. 敲门并等待允许C. 未经允许就坐下D. 直接打断别人说话答案：B4. 在阿拉伯文化中，握手时通常不包括以下哪个动作？A. 用右手B. 保持眼神接触C. 持续时间较长D. 同时用左手触碰对方答案：D5. 在中国文化中，赠送礼物时以下哪个行为是不恰当的？A. 包装礼物B. 赠送钟表C. 赠送书籍D. 赠送鲜花答案：B二、简答题1. 描述跨文化交际中非言语交流的重要性。
答案：非言语交流在跨文化交际中起着至关重要的作用，因为它可以传达情感、态度和文化背景。
非言语交流包括肢体语言、面部表情、眼神交流、声音的音调和节奏等。
不同的文化对这些非言语信号有不同的解读，因此理解和正确使用非言语交流对于跨文化沟通的成功至关重要。
2. 解释文化冲击是什么，并给出一个例子。
答案：文化冲击是指一个人在进入一个新文化环境时，由于文化差异而经历的心理和情感上的困惑、焦虑和不适。
例如，一个习惯于个人主义文化的西方人，当他第一次来到一个强调集体主义的亚洲国家时，可能会对那里的团队合作和群体决策感到不适应，从而经历文化冲击。
三、论述题1. 论述在国际商务环境中，了解和尊重不同文化的重要性。
答案：在国际商务环境中，了解和尊重不同文化对于建立和维护商业关系至关重要。
首先，了解不同文化可以帮助我们更好地理解商业伙伴的行为和期望，从而避免误解和冲突。
其次，尊重文化差异可以展示我们的开放性和包容性，这有助于建立信任和尊重，是长期合作关系的基石。
此外，跨文化交际能力也是全球化时代商务人士的重要技能，能够帮助企业在多元文化市场中取得成功。
跨文化交际试题及答案
跨文化交际试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. 跨文化交际的定义是指：A. 不同国家和地区间的交际活动B. 不同民族和文化背景间的交际活动C. 同一文化内部的交际活动D. 不同语言之间的交际活动答案：B2. 文化差异会对跨文化交际产生以下哪种影响？A. 理解困难B. 语言障碍C. 价值观冲突D. 人际关系紧张答案：A、C3. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为被认为是失礼的？A. 目光接触B. 握手问候C. 低头鞠躬D. 打招呼时用双手表示敬意答案：C4. 在中国文化中，以下哪种颜色象征喜庆和幸福？A. 黑色B. 红色C. 绿色D. 白色答案：B5. 在进行跨文化交际时，以下哪种策略是最有效的？A. 强调自己的文化优势B. 忽视文化差异C. 遵守对方的文化规范D. 强迫对方接受自己的文化观念答案：C二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 请简要阐述跨文化交际的重要性以及其中存在的挑战。
答案：跨文化交际的重要性在于增进各国间的相互了解和友谊，推动跨国合作和发展。
然而，跨文化交际也面临着重重挑战，如语言沟通障碍、文化差异带来的不解和冲突，以及对他人观点和习俗的理解困难等。
2. 在国际商务谈判中，如何合理利用非语言交际手段？答案：在国际商务谈判中，非语言交际手段可以帮助加强沟通效果。
可以通过身体语言表达自信和诚意，比如坐姿、目光接触和手势运用等；可以通过服饰和礼仪来展示对对方文化的尊重；还可以通过图表和演示文稿等视觉媒介来辅助表达和说明。
3. 请简要解释文化冲突是如何产生的，并提出解决文化冲突的建议。
答案：文化冲突是由于不同文化之间的差异而产生的，当个体或群体面对不熟悉的文化规范和价值观时，可能会感到困惑和不满。
为解决文化冲突，建议应采取以下措施：学习和了解对方文化，加强跨文化交际能力；尊重差异，避免对他人价值观的评判和偏见；建立良好的沟通渠道，积极解释自己的观点并倾听对方的意见；寻求共同利益和双赢的解决方案。
跨文化交际考试试题附答案
《跨文化交际》试题（附答案）Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improvedupon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successfulcommunication or cultural understanding.?Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist,Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are havingdinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'lllove it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.? Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at aBritish university for some months. It has not been totally successful.They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job. Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure. Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is ascientific experiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child' s play, and I'm playingthe game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather importantexperiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.? Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several thingsrequire more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problemsand explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were studentsafterlater, year A Britain. in University Leeds at together graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year'sexchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classicalpiano concert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up ontothe stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers duringthe playing of a particular musical item. This happened several timesduring the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stagesinging some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all thesequite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applaudedthe pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave whilethe pianist remained on the stage.?Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill thegap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spacesprovided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the words.?4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided onadifferent .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it wasdecided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still somethat needed explanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people'srelationships in China.8. Mike! Meet Jane, the .9. Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know.10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face orhurting other people by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture,especially the system of which all members of the group areexpected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she receivedthe news that her husband had left her for another woman. 13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations.?Paper 3 Translation?Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. Pleasewrite your translation on the answer sheet.?What do we mean by Intercultural Communications or IC? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or going overseas. IC is actually an academicand applied discipline that has developed internationally since the1950s. Sometimes called cross-cultural communications or comparative culture , scholars most often use the prefix inter with the word cultural to describe the interaction between cultures.On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examinethe political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. Onanother level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek tounderstandthe relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese Englishteachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learnthe basic communication practices of Britain, the US or other Englishspeaking countries.?But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinaryapplication of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, appliedlinguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehensive attemptto understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact witheach other.?To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek tounderstand tradition and modernization, consistency and change. Aswe understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people,we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how itinteracts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the lastthirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical frameworkconsideringfor dimensions practical some and cultures comparing for the similarity and differences between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level ofcomparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving muchattention is Nonverbal Communication.?Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20?In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist biasin the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabularyand grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of theworld as one in which men are dominant and women play a secondary role.Take the word 'chairman' for example. While this can in fact applyto people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-orientedas it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairmanwere exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compoundof 'chair' and 'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased toview this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed ofthese two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of 'cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use of chairman mightbe defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite suchconsiderations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitiveto the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive itas a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of womenin society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral termssuch as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to askquestions such as; 'Who is chair of the committee?'Other changes advocated include the replacement of words suchas 'postman', 'fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutralterms such as 'postal worker', fire-fighter' and 'police officer'.There is, however, continuing controversy about how far suchlanguagechanges should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idiomsas 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What aboutthose words where the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant,such as 'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done somore in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But 'Has the postmanbeen?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here'postman' remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian andTurkish do not make the kinds of sex distinctions English makesthroughits system of pronouns, but it would be difficult to maintain thatmales who speak these languages are less sexist than males who speakEnglish!?Answer the following questions according to the above text:?15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' isgiven?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph?? Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clientsusing a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid theconflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms,whose research analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companiesbeing courted by their investment bankers.We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity, said Jerry Chafkin, Schwab's executive vice presidentfor investment advice and products. While the development of thesystematicallyperformed being is analysis the human, is methodologyand automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks ina similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individualstocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over timehas not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as towhether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though,is that the major computerized systems hand out fewer positive stockratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out verygenerously.People who run computerized selection systems criticizetraditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflictsof interest, as well as individual bias. I am very suspicious aboutopinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stockselection, said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely onthe selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factorsthat their developers believe have the greatest ability to predictshare prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earningsgrowth with that of other companies. And many track the extent to whichearnings have surprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems asmarketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on howa group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, asdo stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans,and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform themarket averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwabsystem or new models, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-Scouter? Mark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG)according to the information provided in the text.?Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided forquestions.?21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better thanhumans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'Value Line'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices. 答案及评分标准?Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。
(完整word版)-跨文化交际试卷A及答案
……………………………………………………………………………………………………Part ⅠDecide whether the following 10 statements are True or False. Write the answers in the blanks. (2% for each, 20%)1. People do not exchange greetings with people almost every day.2. If you want to know where a person was born, you can ask “Where are you originally from?”3. For women, in more informal business situations, should dress in a conservative suit or a well tailored dress.4. Conversations about children and family usually do not have their place in “networking ” situations for business.5. At conventions, it is absolutely necessary to participate or at least make an appearance at most organized functions.6. If you are the hostess, don ’t insist that someone else drink and don ’t over serve.7. There are enough people in the world who have problems mastering vehicles andphones individually.8. It is advisable not to wear the earpiece when we are not on the phone.9. Overdrinking alcohol can lower a person’s inhibitions and alter his judgment.10. Most meetings are unnecessary; they are just a way of making people feel important.1.在地球村里，国家就像一个大家庭，各大洲就像是邻居。
跨文化交际期末试题及答案
跨文化交际期末试题及答案试题一：1. 跨文化交际的概念是什么？2. 跨文化交际中可能遇到的困难有哪些？如何应对？3. 请列举两个不同文化背景下的沟通误解，并说明产生误解的原因。
4. 如何加强跨文化交际的能力？5. 请描述一次成功的跨文化交际经历，并谈谈你从中学到了什么。
答案如下：1. 跨文化交际是指不同文化背景的个体之间进行信息传递和相互理解的过程。
它涉及到语言、行为、价值观等方面的差异，需要在尊重和理解对方文化的基础上进行有效交流。
2. 在跨文化交际中，可能遇到语言障碍、文化差异导致的误解、价值观冲突等困难。
要应对这些困难，首先需要学习对方的语言，尽量减少语言障碍。
其次，要了解对方文化的特点，避免由于文化差异而引起的误解。
最后，要保持开放心态，尊重不同的价值观，通过倾听和理解来解决潜在的冲突。
3. （1）例子一：在西方国家，直接表达意见被视为开放和直率的表现，但在东方文化中，过于直接的表达会被视为冒犯和不尊重他人。
这种差异可能导致沟通中的误解和冲突。
原因：西方文化注重个人主义和直接表达，而东方文化注重集体主义和含蓄表达。
双方的价值观和文化习惯差异导致了沟通误解。
（2）例子二：在某些非洲国家，左手被视为不洁之手，不可用于触摸或传递物品；而在西方国家，左手并没有特殊的意义。
如果一个西方人无意中用左手递给非洲人物品，可能会被视为不尊重对方的文化。
原因：非洲文化中，左手被认为是不洁的，使用左手被视为不尊重和不礼貌的行为。
而在西方文化中，没有类似的禁忌。
4. 加强跨文化交际的能力需要多方面的努力。
首先，要增加对不同文化背景的了解，包括语言、历史、价值观等方面。
其次，要培养跨文化沟通的敏感性和意识，学会观察和尊重不同文化之间的差异。
此外，多与来自不同文化的人交流，积累经验和技巧，不断提升自己的跨文化交际水平。
5. 描述一次成功的跨文化交际经历，得以学习到很多。
我在一次国际研讨会上结识了一位来自日本的研究者。
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I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which one of the four alternatives best completes the statement (20%).1. In London, when you try to gain the attention of a stranger, the proper expression you would like to use is “ ____________.”A. HiB. HelloC. Miss/MisterD. Excuse me2. When your English hostess asks you “would you like some more of this dish, you answered ______ if you like”.( )A. “Thank you”B. “Yes, thank you”C. “Yes, please”D. “OK”3. When offering another person to be first in going through a door or getting into a car, the normal expression is ______.( )A. “After you”B. “You go first, please”C. “Would you like to go first?”D. “Can you go first, please?”4. When you want to compliment the new coat Mary wears you can say ______.( )A. “That’s a very nice coat. It must be very expensive”B. “You look much more beautiful in this coat”C. “How much did you pay fro this coat?”D. “You look lovely in this coat, who bought it for you?”5. In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a good reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. This is best reflected by an English proverb______.( )A. an Englishman’s house is his castleB. as welcome as a stormC. do not wear out your welcomeD. outstay one’s welcome6．贵府is equivalent to in English．（）A．your honorable home B．your homeC．your valuable house D．your house7．_______can be said as a reply to thanks.（）A．“You’re too polite.” B．“It’s my pleasure.”C．“It’s my duty.” D．“No.”8. Nodding means “agreement”to Chinese and most Europeans. But in the Eskimo gesturalsystem, head nodding means“_________”. （）A. yesB. angerC. pleasureD. no9.When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say_________.（）A. “Thank you very much. How much is it?”B. “Where did you get it? This is really what I want.”C. “It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very much.”D. “It’s very nice.”10.Which expression is NOT appropriate for you to use after you receive an apology? （）A. It’s O.K.B. It’s all right.C. Not at all.D. Never mind.11. English babies may be ______ to show respect or to honor them. ( )A. named after grandparentsB. named after famous historical eventsC. named after their birth placeD. named after their birth date12. The two persons who have been introduced to each other normally say to each other: “______.”( )A. How are youB. How is everythingC. How do you doD. Hello13. Trinity refers to union in one Godhead of three persons, Father, Son and ______.( )A. PuritanB. GodC. Holy ghostD. Ghost14. In English speaking countries, expensive gifts will ______. ( )A. make them uncomfortable for they will not know how to return the kindnessB. make them very happy for they think they are highly valuedC. make them very surprised for they will not know how to use itD. make them embarrassed for they know they are not worth of it15. “He looked out for a house” is the same in meaning with ______.( )A. he sought a houseB. he bought a houseC. having a house is his biggest dreamD. he built a house16. In _______, it is rude to touch a child on the top of the head, because the head is regarded as the homeof the spirit or soul.A. IndiaB. LaosC. ChinaD. Japan17. In the Japanese society, knowing the _____ of the people with whom you come in contact isimportant.A. ageB. educationC. rankD. position18. _____in some cultures is an art and is considered an integral part of building intercultural professionaland social relationship.A. EmbracingB. TippingC. Gift givingD. Etiquette19. “to make a face” means ______ in Chinese. ( )A. 化妆B. 做一个假面具C. 做鬼脸D. 很愤怒20. “A big fish in a small pond” means ______ in Chinese.( )A. 小池塘养大鱼B. 鸡窝里飞出金凤凰C. 人小干大事D. 鹤立鸡群II. Case analysis （案例分析）Case 1: Erica: Professor Honda, may I introduce my classmate Steven Jacobs. Steven, this is my professor of literature.Prof: Nice to meet you, Steven.Steven: Thank you. It’s a pleasure to meet you, Professor Honda. Etica has talked a lot about you.Porf: All good, I hope.Linhua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China. They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them. They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part, and no one wanted to pay for Linhua. Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the Americans would usually pay for their own food.Case 3: An American went to Chinese home. He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. The visitor drank the second cup. Then the cup was filled the third time. Then he drank it, then… until the visitor was quite full. Why?Case 4: One cold winter day in a Chinese city, Wang Lin on his way to the library met an American professor who kn ew very little about China. After greeting him, Wang said: “It’s rather cold. You’d better put on more clothes.” But the professor didn’t appear happy on hearing this.III. Question:How does The film “Gua Sha” presen t the cultural differences and conflicts between the largest Eastern country, China and the strongest Western state, America?。