历年高考英语必背单词(汇总)上课讲义

单词拼写必背一、一个星期七天1. Monday2. Tuesday3. Wednesday4. Thursday5. Friday6. Saturday7. Sunday二、一年十二个月1. January2. February3. March4. April5. May6. June7. July8. August9. September 10. October11. November 12. December三、一年四季1. spring2. summer3. autumn4. winter四、容易拼写错的数字eighth第八ninth第九forty四十twelfth第十二twentieth第二十四、亲属称呼daughter (女儿) niece (女性晚辈) nephew (男性晚辈) cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) aunt (女性长辈) uncle (男性长辈)五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔control (controlled, controlling) 控制admit (admitted, admitting) 承认occur (occurred, occurring) 出现prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿refer (referred, referring) 提到forget (forgetting ) 忘记permit (permitted, permitting)允许equip (equipped, equipping) 装备注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播flee (fled, fled) 逃跑forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)lie (作“说谎”讲时，是规则的；作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是lain) seek (sought, sought) 寻求shake (shook, shaken) 发抖sing (sang, sung) 唱歌sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉spread (spread, spread) 传播swim (swam, swum) 游泳tear (tore, torn) 撕碎weave (wove, woven) 编织七、意思相近的词check / examine/ test receive / accept destroy /damage celebrate/ congratulate wear / dress八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化long—length 长度wide—width 宽度high—height 高度strong—strength力量九、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或ed picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐十、个别名词的复数拼写German (Germans) 德国人gulf (gulfs) 海湾handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。

roof (roofs) 房顶stomach 胃(其复数是stomachs而不是加es) 十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化succeed—success成功pronounce—pronunciation 发音explain—explanation解释decide—decision 决定enter—entrance进入permit—permission 允许refuse—refusal 拒绝consider—consideration 考虑discover—discovery 发现bury—burial 埋葬conclude—conclusion 得出结论arrive—arrival 到达weigh—weight 重量十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化beautiful—beautifully 美丽的possible—possibly 可能的practical—practically 实际的particular—particularly 特别的successful—successfully 成功的十三、其它必背单词abroad 国外absence n. 缺席(absent adj.)accepted (NMET1997)accident事故(accidental adj. 偶然的，accidentally adv. 偶然地)achievement成就(achieve v. 获得)address地址admire钦佩admitting (2000北京春季卷)agreement 协议agriculture农业(agricultural adj. 农业的)altogether总共ancient 古代的announced(NMET1999)anxiety 忧虑(anxious adj. 焦急的，anxiously adv. 焦急地)apologize v. 道歉(apology n. 道歉apologetic adj. 道歉的，apologetically adv.道歉地) apologize/apologise (2000全国卷)appreciate感激/欣赏(感激人用thank sb；谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth.) Asian(NMET1996)assistant 助手astonish吃惊(astonishment n. 吃惊，astonishing，astonished)astronaut 宇航员atmosphere气氛attempt尝试(可作名词也可作动词)attentively 专心地attentively(NMET1996)attitude 态度attract 吸引(attraction吸引力)average 平均average(NMET1999)balance平衡beauty 美(beautiful)believe相信(belief n. 信念，其复数是beliefs)beyond超过biology生物birthday生日bravery 勇敢broadcast(NMET1996)broadcast广播(过去式、过去分词同原形)carefully 小心(carefully)ceiling天花板celebrated (2000北京春季卷)celebration 庆祝(celebrate n. 庆祝)century 世纪challenge 挑战character 性格charge收费cinema电影院comfort v. & n. 安慰(comfortable adj. comfortably adv.舒适地)comfortably(NMET1997)comment 评论communication 交流competition 竞赛(compete v. 竞赛competitor 竞赛者)composition 作文concert 音乐会conclude v. conclusion n. 结论condition情况(conditions条件)confessing (2000北京春季卷)congratulations 祝贺(congratulate v.)constantly 不断地construction(NMET1996)continue继续contribution 贡献(contribute v.)conveniently方便(convenient adj.)conversation 谈话coughing(NMET1997)cousin表兄弟cruelty 残酷(cruel adj. cruelly adv.)curious 好奇(curiosity n. 好奇)curious(NMET1996)customer 顾客customers (2000北京春季卷)custom习俗damage损坏declared(NMET1999)delicious 美味destroy毁灭(其过去式是destroyed)determined 有决心的develop发展(development n. developing 发展中的，developed发达的) dialogue 对话diary 日记(dairy 奶制品)difference 不同点(有复数形式)disappointed失望(disappointing 让人失望的)disappointment 失望discovery 发现(其复数是discoveries，其动词是discover，discoverer发现者) disturb打扰dollar美元(其复数是dollars)downstairs楼下dream梦想(其过去式是dreamed或dreamt)electricity电(electrical电的，electric 电的)employ 雇用(employment n. employer 雇主，employee雇员) empty倒空(可用动词，其过去式是emptied)encourage鼓励(encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n.) energy能量envelope 信封envy n. 妒忌(envious adj.)equal(NMET1998)equipment设备especially 尤其是essential(NMET1999)European 欧洲人event事件excellent极好(excellence n. excellently adv.)exhibition(NMET1997)exhibition展览expense 耗费experience 经验(experienced 有经验的)expert 专家expression 表达failure 失败(fail v.)familiar(NMET1999)familiar熟悉的favorite 最喜爱的(即作形容词也作名词，作名词时有复数) figure人物/数字finger手指flight飞行forehead前额foreign(NMET1998)fortunately幸运地forward向前freezing 极冷的(frozen 冷冻的)frequently 经常地furniture 家具further进一步的generally (2000全国卷)geography地理Germany德国government(NMET1996)gradually逐渐地graduation毕业(graduate)grammar语法habits (NMET1997)handkerchiefs (2000北京春季卷)honesty 诚实(honest)honor/honour 荣誉imagination 想象力(imagine v.)immediate (2000北京春季卷)immediately马上impress 印象(impression n.)incident小事件including包括(include v.)indispensable (NMET1999)industry工业(industrial adj. 工业的)information 信息inspire激励(inspiration n. inspiring, inspired) institute学院instrument 仪器interest 兴趣interrupt 打断interrupt打断introduce介绍(introduction n.)irregular 不规则的journey旅程judge判断(judgment)kindergarten幼儿园knowledge 知识labor/labour劳动late1y(NMET1999)laughter笑声lawyer律师librarian图书馆理员loss损失(lose, lost 是其动词形式)luckily幸运地magazine杂志majority (2000北京春季卷)majority大多数manage 设法(manager, management)market(2000全国卷)marriage 结婚(marry v. 结婚，married已婚的) material(s)/cloth(NMET1996)material物质/材料mayor市长mean (NMET1999)measure测量medal 奖章(比较：model 模型)memory记忆力(memorize v. 记住，remember 记得)messages (2000全国卷)metal 金属modern现代的modest谦虚的monitor 班长/监控moustache 胡子murder谋杀(murderer 凶手)musician 音乐家mysterious 神秘的(mystery 神秘) nationality国籍(nation 国家，national国家的) naturally(NMET1998)naughty 淘气的necessary(NMET1999)ninth(NMET1998)normal 正常的obey (NMET1997)obviously明显的offering (2000全国卷)operation手术opportunity 机会ordinary 普通的organized/organised(NMET1996)particularly 特别是passenger 旅客passengers(NMET1999)patience耐心(patiently)patient病人/耐心perfect 完美(perfectly)performed(2000北京春季卷)perhaps 或许period 时期permission许可persuaded(NMET1996)phenomena 现象physicist 物理学家pilots (2000全国卷)poisonous 有毒的(poison)political 政治的(politics)popular受欢迎的population人口position 职位possibility(-ies)可能性(possible 可能的) poverty 贫穷(poor)poverty贫穷practical (NMET1997)preparing(NMET1998)pressure(NMET1997)pretend假装professor 教授profit 利润progress进步pronunciation (2000北京春季卷)provide 提供(比较：offer, supply)public 公众purpose目的quality(NMET1996)quantity数量realistic(NMET1997)receive 收到recently(NMET1999)recognised/recognized(NMET1999) recognize 认出(recognition 承认) regards 问候remind提醒repeat (repetition)重复respect尊敬restaurant 餐馆restaurants(NMET1999)satisfaction满意(satisfy, satisfied, satisfying) satisfactory 满意的Saturday(NMET1998)scientific 科学的scientific科学的secretary秘书secretly (2000北京春季卷)separately单独地separates (NMET1998)serious 严重的(seriously)service服务shortcoming缺点silence 安静(silent)similar (2000北京春季卷)similar 类似的(similarity –ies相似之处) situation形势/情况slightly(2000全国卷)society 社会(social adj. 社会的) southern(2000全国卷)special特别的species 物种(单复数同形)spring(NMET1997)square 平方stolen(2000全国卷)straight(NMET1997)suitable合适的support支持surprise吃惊surround 包围swimming(NMET1998)technique 技术(technical adj.)technology技术temperature温度theory 理论thirsty口渴thorough (NMET1997)total合计traffic 交通translated(NMET1998)translation 翻译(translator翻译家，interpret 解说, interpreter 口语翻译) umbrella(NMET1999)umbrella伞unusually不寻常(unusual不寻常的)unwilling 不愿意(willing adj. 愿意will n. 意志)upstairs(2000全国卷)upstairs楼上vacation假期various各种各样的(variety n. 种类)victim受害者victory胜利vocabulary词汇voyage航行waste (NMET1999)wealth财富weather(NMET1998)whisper 低语worship崇拜youth年轻人(复数加-s)。