短文一、现在完成时
最全初中英语语法之现在完成时和过去完成时教案
最全初中英语语法之现在完成时和过去完成时教案一、教学目标1. 让学生掌握现在完成时的构成和用法，能正确运用现在完成时描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或状态。
2. 让学生掌握过去完成时的构成和用法，能正确运用过去完成时描述在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
3. 培养学生运用现在完成时和过去完成时进行交际的能力。
二、教学重难点1. 现在完成时的构成：have/has + 过去分词2. 过去完成时的构成：had + 过去分词3. 现在完成时和过去完成时的区别及运用三、教学方法情境教学法、交际法、任务型教学法四、教学过程1. 导入：通过图片和简短对话引导学生思考过去和现在之间的关系，激发学生学习兴趣。
2. 讲解现在完成时：讲解现在完成时的构成、用法和关键时间状语，如already, yet, just等。
3. 讲解过去完成时：讲解过去完成时的构成、用法和关键时间状语，如already, yet, just等。
4. 实例分析：通过例句和练习让学生区分现在完成时和过去完成时，加深对两种时态的理解。
5. 小组讨论：学生分小组讨论现在完成时和过去完成时的用法，分享学习心得。
6. 交际练习：设计情景，让学生运用现在完成时和过去完成时进行角色扮演和对话。
7. 总结：对本节课的内容进行总结，强调现在完成时和过去完成时的用法及区别。
8. 作业布置：布置相关练习题，巩固所学知识。
五、教学评价1. 课堂参与度：观察学生在课堂上的参与程度，了解学生的学习兴趣。
2. 练习完成情况：检查学生作业完成情况，评估学生对知识的掌握程度。
3. 交际能力：评估学生在角色扮演和对话中的表现，检验学生运用所学知识进行交际的能力。
4. 小组讨论：评价学生在小组讨论中的表现，了解学生的合作能力和思维能力。
六、教学活动设计1. 图片匹配：展示一系列图片，每张图片代表一个过去发生的动作，让学生用现在完成时描述这些动作对现在的影响或状态。
2. 时间线游戏：制作一个时间线，标注过去和现在的关键时间点，让学生根据时间线用过去完成时描述过去的动作。
现在完成时
现在完成时(Present perfect tense)现在完成时的构成形式：现在完成时由助动词have / has +过去分词构成。
(一) 现在完成时的基本用法：1. 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
e.g. I have finished my work. We have set up many new factories.2. 动作发生在过去, 强调对现在的结果、影响等。
e.g. Have you ever seen the film ―Harry Potter‖?I’ve borrowed that book.3. 表示动作发生在过去, 并且一直持续到现在, 甚至还可能继续下去, 句中使用持续性动词, 且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。
e.g. We haven’t seen each other for ten years.I’ve been an English teacher for about 20 years.4. 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中, 表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。
e.g. I’ll go home as soon as I have finished my homework.Please lend me that book if you have finished reading it.(二) 使用现在完成时的句型1) 现在完成时+since + 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句, 其中从句用一般过去时)2) 现在完成时+ for+ 段时间状语3) It / This is the first /其他序数词/ last time + that 从句中, 从句使用现在完成时。
★注意: 在下面的句子中, 主句的谓语动词常用一般现在时：It is three years since I began to work on the farm.It’s a long time since I saw you last.4)This / It is (one of) + 形容词最高级+ n. + that从句，从句用现在完成时，如：This is the most gorgeous architecture that I have ever seen.(三)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响, 强调的是现在的情况, 所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用; 一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过, 与现在不发生联系, 它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。
高三英语短文填空专练(一)
高三英语短文填空专练（一）A第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall of China, one of the greatest wonders of the world, 61 （list）as a World Heritage in 1987. 62 a history of about 2,700 years, some of the Great Wall sections are now in ruins or have disappeared. But it still has cultural and historic significance because it’s a great building.Every 300 to 500 meters, there are fortresses（堡垒）. They are two kinds. One is two-storied fortress called fighting tower. The ground floor was used for living, storing weapons and the top floor was used for watching and shooting. And 63 other kind is fighting terrace（平台）used for patrolling（巡逻）and fighting.Many castles 64 （stand）on the higher part along the Great Wall are actually beacon（烽火）towers. In ancient times, soldiers made smoke in daytime and fire at night if they found 65 （enemy）. The soldier who saw the fire in another faraway beacon tower would light fire __66__（instant）and the next beacon tower would do the same. The message could be transmitted in a short while to the command post. During that period, it was one of the means of 67__ （communicate）.When 68 （see）from high above, the Great Wall in China is like a dragon. It’s well known to people aro und the world that the Great Wall of China 69 （be）the world’s longest defense wall. From the aspects of culture and history, the wall is an ancient masterpiece 70 you can fully enjoy.这是一篇说明文。
现在完成时专项训练题及答案
现在完成时专项训练题及答案一、填空题1.他已经（完成）了这项工作。
2.我们已经（订购）了明天的飞机票。
3.你们已经（生产）了多少产品？4.他们已经（结束）了会议。
5.我们已经（做）过这个实验了。
6.你已经（读）完这本书了吗？7.他们已经（决定）出发了。
8.我们已经（见过）这部电影了。
9.她已经（发表）过三篇论文了。
10.你们已经（收到）了我的邮件吗？答案：1. 完成；2. 订购；3. 生产；4. 结束；5. 做；6. 读；7. 决定；8. 见过；9. 发表；10. 收到二、选择题1.Tom: Have you ever been to Paris?（B）Jack: Yes, ____.A. I don’t go there recentlyB. I’ve been there twiceC. I will go there inthe future D. I don’t like going there2.Sarah: Do you still have the book I lent you?（D）Mark: Oh, sorry. I ____ it yet.A. did n’t receiveB. haven’t receivedC. don’t receiveD. haven’treturned3.Lucy: Have you heard about the new policy?（A）Tina: Yes, I ____. It was announced yesterday.A. have heard aboutB. didn’t hear aboutC. won’t hear aboutD. don’thear about4.Susan: How long have you been learning English?（B）Emily: I ____ learning English for five years.A. startB. have beenC. willD. do5.Mike: Do you know where John is?（A）Tom: Yes, ____. He has gone to the supermarket.A. I doB. I do knowC. I am knowingD. I knowing答案：1. B；2. D；3. A；4. B；5. A三、改错题请改正以下句子中的错误：1.I have went to the cinema last night.改为：I went to the cinema last night.2.She has never been see such a beautiful sunset before.改为：She has never seen such a beautiful sunset before.3.We has already finished our homework.改为：We have already finished our homework.4.Have you bought the tickets for the concert already?改为：Have you already bought the tickets for the concert?5.They have been lived in this city since 2010.改为：They have lived in this city since 2010.答案：1. I went to the cinema last night.；2. She has never seen such a beautiful sunset before.；3. We have already finished our homework.；4. Have you already bought the tickets for the concert?；5. They have lived in this city since 2010.四、对话配对题将下列对话的两部分进行配对。
《现在完成时》教学设计
《现在完成时》教学设计1000字一、教学目标1. 知识目标1）理解现在完成时的基本形式和用法；2）掌握用现在完成时表达已完成的动作、经历或状态；3）认识现在完成时和过去完成时的区别。
2. 能力目标1）能够正确使用现在完成时表达已完成的动作、经历或状态；2）能够辨析并正确运用现在完成时和过去完成时；3）能够理解并使用现在完成时所表示的时间概念。
3. 情感目标1）通过学习《现在完成时》能够增强对英文语法的兴趣，提高语言表达能力；2）具备有效的书面和口头交流能力，增强与国际人群的交流能力；3）进一步加强学生的语言积累，提高语言运用能力。
二、教学内容1. 现在完成时的基本形式2. 现在完成时的用法3. 现在完成时和过去完成时的区别三、教学方法1. 讲解法2. 演示法3. 模仿法4. 活动法四、教学步骤1. 导入新课T：Class, do you know what the present perfect tense is? Now, please listen to a song and see if you can identify where the present perfect tense is used in the lyrics.(Old Time Rock and Roll, by Bob Seger)CT：I like that song! But what did you notice about the verb forms in the lyrics? Did you hear anything new?S1: Yes, I heard the word “have” and “has” followed by a past participle.S2: I heard “I’ve” and “you’ve” and “we’ve” before the verbs.CT： Good job! What you heard is the present perfect tense.2. 讲授现在完成时的基本形式T：Class, now let’s take a look at the form of the present perfect tense. (展示表格)I have eaten breakfast.He has seen that movie.We have played soccer.T：Notice that each sentence has two parts. The first part is the subject plus the present tense of “have” (either “has” or “have”), and the second part is the past participle of the verb. Together, they form the present perfect tense.3. 示范现在完成时的用法T：Class, now let’s look at how the present perfect tense is used. (展示表格)T：Do you understand? The present perfect tense is used to talk about something that happened at some time in the past, but we don’t know exactly when it happened.4. 练习现在完成时的用法T：Let’s practice using the present perfect tense together.I will make some sentences on the board and you can tell me if the verb form is correct or not.I have seen that movie last week.She has gone to China in 2019.We have studied English for five years.T: Which of these sentences are correct? Why?S1: “I have seen that movie last week” is incorrect because we use the past simple tense to talk about something that happened at a specific time in the past, not the present perfect tense.S2: “She has gone to China in 2019” is incorrect because we use the present perfect tense to talk about somethingthat happened at an unspecified time in the past, not the past simple tense.S3: “We have studied English for five years” is correct because we use the present perfect tense to talk about something that began in the past and continues up to the present.5. 引入现在完成时和过去完成时的区别T: Now, let’s talk about the difference between thepresent perfect tense and the past perfect tense. (展示表格)T: What do you notice about the difference between the two tenses?S1: The present perfect tense talks about things that happened recently or are still happening, while the pastperfect tense talks about things that happened before another event in the past.S2: The past perfect tense uses “had” + past participle, while the present perfect tense uses “have/has” + past participle.6. 归纳总结T: Well done. Now, let’s summarize what we have learned today. What is the present perfect tense and how is it formed?S1: The present perfect tense is used to talk about things that happened at some point in the past.S2: It is formed by using “have” or “has” with the past participle of the verb.T: And what is the difference between the present perfect tense and the past perfect tense?S3: The present perfect tense talks about things that happened recently or are still happening, while the past perfect tense talks about things that happened before another event in the past.七、作业1、根据要求改写下列句子：1. Tom has been to Paris. (对划线部分提问)2. I have lived here for ten years. (改为否定句)3. He has finished his work already. (改为一般疑问句)2、写一篇小短文，使用现在完成时描述过去一个星期内发生的事情八、板书设计Present Perfect TenseForm: Subject + have/has + past participleUse: To talk about something that happened at some point in the past, but we don’t know exactly when.例句：I have eaten breakfast. He has seen that movie. We have played soccer.区别：Present Perfect Tense: Talks about things that happened recently or are still happening.Past Perfect Tense: Talks about things that happened before another event in the past.。
高一年级英语语法专题 《现在完成时》学案
Learning plan for Senior 1Present Perfect Tense& Present Perfect Continuous Tense现在完成时&现在完成进行时Part AStep I. Observe and discover (观察与发现)1. Observe and underline the tense used in the following passage.(1) Mr Zhang has just bought a new car, but he has had trouble with motorists. When he returns home at night he always find that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into this garage even once. He has to walk home after he parks his car. “ what’s the matter? Have you bought a car?” “ Yes, but…” Mr Zhang has put up a “ No parking” sign outside his gate, but it has not any effect.Form(结构)_______________________ Tense_____________________________(2)Lucy and John have been living in the city for ten years. Their daughter has been learning English since she was five. They want to take her to the cinema after school. They have been waiting for her for half an hour. She finally shows up at five past five.Form（结构）_______________________ Tense______________________________2. Compare and discover the meaning behind the sentences.I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服. (Meaning: )I have already had my breakfast.我刚吃过早餐。
初二英语作文下册10篇
初二英语作文下册10篇10篇初二年级下册的英语作文，大家看好了。
下面是学习啦小编给大家整理的初二下册英语作文10篇，供大家参阅!初二下册英语作文1【话题•谈论自己拥有的东西和周围环境】要求同学们写作时要运用相应的现在完成时态，特别是用since和for来表达时间段。
范例 1★★★I have a doll for 9 years. And I still like it very much.When I was a child, my parents were busy with their business. Sometimes they had to work even on weekends, so I had to stay at home alone. I often felt lonely and scared at home. After my aunt knew that, she bought the doll for me. It is a Mickey Mouse. I have talked with it about my happiness and sadness since I was young. And it has become my best friend.The doll helps me a lot. I love my doll.初二下册英语作文2【话题•谈论过去的经历】讲述我们在一些有趣的地方经历的有趣的事情，写此类短文首先应该掌握常用一般过去时和现在进行时，不要面面俱到，选取最有特色、最熟悉的一个方面来写。
范例 1 ★★★My HometownHave you ever been to Changsha? It is one of the most popular cities in China. The people here are very friendly. It is in the southeast of China. I think it is better to visit it in September or October because it is not too hot or too cold. There are a lot of famous places, such as Yuelu Mountain and Orange Beach. Besides, you can find a lot of delicious food here. The most famous food is Stinky Toufu. Welcome to Changsha.初二下册英语作文3【话题•谈论健康和事故】谈论自己的健康，发生事故时怎么做及如何向他人提出建议和劝告，从而养成良好的饮食和生活习惯。
现在完成时之瞬间动词转变为持续性动词
现在完成时之瞬间动词转变为持续性动词一、兴趣导入：Teacher: Tom, why are you late for school every day?Tom: Every time I come to the corner, a sign says, "School-Go Slow".二、知识点回顾：现在完成时基本用法三、（1）专题讲解：在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语(for, since, how long等)连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词.Eg:buy ( bought ) --- have / has had 买borrow (borrowed) --- have / has kept 借die ( died ) --- have / has been dead 死leave ( left ) --- have / has been away ( from ) 离开begin ( began ) --- have / has been on 开始join ( joined) --- have / has been in 参加--- have / has been a ( party) membergo (went) --- have / has been there / in 去come/arrive/reach/get to --- have / has been here / in 来/到达end (ended) ----- have/has been over 结束eg. The film began five minutes ago.------The film has been on for five minutes.------It has been five minutes since the film began.用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wake up6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open8、be closed代close/shut用“be＋副词”代终止性动词1“b e＋on”代start,begin2“be＋up”代get up3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to四、巩固练习：将瞬间动词变成延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in....... got to/reached...... come/gone/moved to...... →2. have come/gone back/returned →3. have come/g one out →4. have become →5. have closed / opened→6. have fallen ill→7. have died →8. have left...... →9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep →10. have finished/ended/completed →11. have married →12. have begun →13. have borrowed/bought →14. have/has gone to →15. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→五、拓展训练:1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
（文章中不懂的单词有红笔划出来，再摘录到笔记本中） （2）熟读单词：要求不看音标也能读，一看到单词就知道怎么读 （2）翻译文章：在知道单词意思基础上，看懂文章，再翻译 （3）熟读文章：要达到流利程度，读的过程不出错
never(“从未” 表示否定) I‟ve never been there.
once(“曾经”“一次，用在肯定句),twice, three times… She has been there once.
before(以前) He has seen her before.
词组 has/have been to has/have gone to has/have been in
Part Three : Grammar —— Present perfect tense （现在完成时） 定义：现在完成时表示一个过去发生并且已经结束的动作对现在产生的影响和结 果
结构:
主语+have/has+动词的过去分词（p.p）
用法：
1、表示影响：一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个动作对现在仍有影
与just连用：（“刚刚”，用于肯定句） I have just cleaned my clothes.
Part Two: Homework 1.背刚刚所学单词 2.将短文翻译成中文 3.背诵短文 4.背10个书本上的过去式、过去分词
注意：
这三个词组后面的宾语如果为home, here, there等副词，则不能加介词to和in。 eg. I have been (to/in) there many times.
I have been (to/in) here for two days.
Where have you been?
has/have been to与has/have gone to 的讲解
2、表示重复：表示说话前发生过一次或多次，而现在已成为经历或经验的动作或
状态，常与以下词连用。
ever(“曾经”，用在疑问句中) Have you ever been to Hong Kong?
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 eg. I used to eat breakfast at 7 a.m. every day.
注意：be used to do 与前者没有可比性，意思是“被用来做某事”，表示的只是被动 语态 eg. This machine is used to clean the wall.
lead a blind man across the road 领着一盲人过马路
13.blind / blaɪnd / adj 瞎的 eg. a blind person 盲人
blind to sth. （对某事物）视而不见, 不以为意, 一无所知 He is completely blind to her faults. 他一点儿也觉察不到她的错误.
而且，还有（=in addition） Peter is our youngest child, and （in addition）we(also) have three others besides. 彼得是我们最小的孩子, 我们另外还有三个孩子.
2.guard / gɑːd / v. 保卫，保护 eg. A dragon guarded the treasure. 有条龙守护着财宝.
14.owner / ˈəunə(r) / n 物主; 某物的所有者--------- own v. eg. the dog's owner 狗的主人 = the owner of the dog
15.nowadays / nauədeɪz / adv. 现今 eg. Nowadays, children often prefer watching TV to reading. 如今, 儿童常爱看电视 而不爱看书.
9.disabled / dɪsˈeɪbl d/ adj. 肢体有残疾的 eg. a disabled child in a wheelchair 坐轮椅的残疾儿童
10.century / ˈsentʃərɪ / n 世纪（100年） eg. at the turn of the century 在两个世纪之交（在一个世纪结束, 下一个世纪开始时）
一、准备内容： 1、两个较厚的本子： （1）抄短文、收集单词 （摘抄本） （2）收录平时测验、考试、做练习的错题 （错题本） 2、一本英语字典，不能是电子辞典
二、上课内容： 1、平时上课遇到不懂的地方或者练习不懂的地方提问与讲解 2、小短文讲解 （1）、短文中的生词讲解 （2）、短文中出现的语法点讲解 （3）、语法练习 （4）、短文复习（练习、听写、背诵）
Part One: Vocabulary
1.besides:除......之外（还有） eg. There will be five of us for dinner, besides John. 除约翰外, 还有我们五个人要一 起吃饭.
除......之外（没有） No one writes to me besides you. 除你以外, 没有人给我写信.
Dogs have been used to aid disabled people for centuries. A guide dog can lead its blind owner. Nowadays, dogs can be taught to turn on light switches, open refrigerator doors and dial the telephone for their disabled owners. For the majority of people, however, dogs are simply pets and friends for both young and old members of the family.
响， 常与以下词连用already, yet, just, now,
He has been away from the city.他已离开这个城市。(结果：他不在这个城市。) Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。(结果：窗户仍破着。) I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了。(结果：我现在无钢笔用。) He has finished his work.他把工作做完了。（结果：他现在可以做其他的事了。）
与already连用：（“已经”，用于肯定句） I have already finished my homework.
与yet连用：（用于疑问句表示“已经”，用于否定句表示“还”） Has he finished his homework yet? She hasn’t finished her homework yet.
学英语靠的是勤奋！上课要求比较高，对你们 预习和课后作业的完成度也比较高，受不了的 或者无法完成这些要求的可以现在退出游戏， 否则就要严格遵守游戏规则！
People often say that a dog is man's best friend. Over thousands of years, man has taught his dogs to do many kinds of work besides guarding the home. For example, sheepdogs are famous for their ability to control a flock of hundreds of sheep.
eg. be quite used to hard work/working hard 很习惯做艰苦的工作 The food in England is strange at first but you'll soon get used to it. 英国食物乍一
吃很不习惯, 但不久就能适应了. I’m used to drinking a cup of water after meal. 午饭后我习惯和一杯水.
5.ability / əˈbɪlətɪ / n. 能力--------- abled v. eg. He has the ability to do the work. 他有做这项工作的能力.
6.control / kənˈtrəul / v (-ll-) 控制，操纵，管理 ，支配 eg. He controlled the country for over 50 years. 他统治该国达50多年之久。
11.guide / gaɪd; ɡaɪd/ n 向导; （尤指）导游 eg. I know the place well, so let me be your guide. 我熟悉那地方, 我来当你们的向导.
12.lead / liːd; lid/ v (pt, pp led / led; lɛd/) 给（某人）指路 eg. lead a guest to his room 领客人到他自己的房间
20.however / hauˈevə(r) / adv 然而; 不过; 仍然 用法与but类似，但前后有符号隔开 .However, , however, .......,but ......
21.simply / sɪmplɪ / adv. 仅仅，只 eg. You can enjoy all the water sports, or simply lie on the beach.
16.switch / swɪtʃ / n. （电路的）开关 eg. a light switch 灯的开关
17.refrigerator / rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə(r) / n. 冰箱; 冷藏室