现在完成时讲解及练习(无答案)
现在完成时讲解及练习

现在完成时讲解及练习1. 什么是现在完成时现在完成时是英语中的一种时态,用于描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
它通常由助动词 "have" 或 "has" 和动词的过去分词构成。
现在完成时常用于以下情况:- 表示过去某个时间内发生的动作,并与现在有关的时刻、时间段或状况有关联。
- 表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在,并可能继续发生下去。
- 表示过去的经历或经验对现在产生的影响。
2. 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的基本结构由助动词 "have" 或 "has" 和动词的过去分词构成。
下面是构成现在完成时的规则:- 如果主语是第一人称单数(I),则使用 "have"。
- 如果主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it),则使用 "has"。
- 其他所有人称(一般为复数形式)使用 "have"。
动词的过去分词形式主要有三种:- 以 "-ed" 结尾的动词,如 "worked"。
- 不规则动词过去分词,如 "gone"。
- 部分动词过去分词与原形一样,如 "put"。
3. 现在完成时的使用示例表示过去某个时间内的动作- I have traveled to many countries.(我去过很多国家。
)- She has read five books this month.(她这个月读了五本书。
)表示持续到现在的动作- They have lived in this city since 2005.(他们从2005年开始就一直住在这个城市。
)表示过去的经历对现在的影响- I have studied English for many years, so now I can speak it fluently.(我学了很多年英语,所以现在我能够流利地说它。
现在完成时详细讲解及练习PPT课件

例2.—Do you know him well ?
— Sure .We ____B_____ friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
A. knew
B. have known
C. must know D.will know
简析:现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在
造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持
续到现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响。这种考
查难度较大,往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析 、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理,正 确答案是B。
关于现在完成时详细讲解及
练习PPT
第一页,共36页幻灯片
I. 写出下列动词的过去分词形式.
1. wake ______
2. teach ______
3. sell ________
4. see ________
5. ride _______
6. pay _____
7. choose ______
8. throw _____
2.“未完成法”:表示动作或状态从过去已经开 始,持续到现在并有可能延续到将来。
时间状语:for+一段时间;since+过去点时间。
第三页,共36页幻灯片
三、现在完成时的各种句式:
1.陈述句:主语+ have/has+过去分词+
其他成分。
2.否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分
词+其他成分。
buy—→have ,
(word完整版)初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义

(word完整版)初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题讲义现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语,说明句子的含义。
2.用法(1)动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如:-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你(已经)吃午饭了吗?我刚刚吃过。
(现在我不饿了)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如:He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
(可能还要继续教)I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如:I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语(1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
现在完成时讲解(附习题+答案)

现在完成时讲解(附习题+答案)定义:表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。
1.发生于过去,和现在有关。
例如:He has lost his book.他丢了他的书。
(所以他到现在一直没书)2.开始于过去,持续到现在。
例如:He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。
(现在还在教)3.从过去到现在不断反复的动作或情况,且不断重复可能继续下去,也可能到现在结束。
例如:My father has always gone to work by bike.我父亲一向骑车上班。
(从过去到现在期间一直这样)4.同一般现在时可以表示将来一样,现在完成时也可以在时间状语从句里表示将来。
例如:I'll wait until he has written his letter.我愿等到他把信写完。
构成:主语+ have / has + done(过去分词)+ …肯定句: 主语+ have / has + 过去分词+ …She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海.I have finished doing my homework.我已经完成我的作业了.否定句: 主语+ have / has + not +过去分词+ …I haven’t seen this film.我没有看过这部电影.She hasn’t finished doing his homework.她还没有完成她的作业.一般疑问句:Have / Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ …Have you seen this film ?Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t .你看过这部电影吗?是的, 看过. / 不, 没有.Has she finished doing his homework ?Yes, she has . / No, she hasn’t.她完成她的作业了吗?是的, 完成了. / 不, 没有.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ 过去分词+ …Who has finished doing his homework ?谁完成了作业?注意:has gone to, has been to, has been in/on 的区别(1)have/ has been to 表示:曾经去过某地(已经回来了),常用于第三人称,可与once, never, several times等连用(2)have/ has gone to 表示:去了某地(还没有回来)They have been to Shanghai twice.他们去过上海两次。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解及练习题及答案

(完整版)现在完成时讲解及练习题及答案时态讲解:现在完成时(1)构成:现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成,助动词have 有⼈称和数的变化。
第三⼈称单数⽤has,其余⽤have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后⾯加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study 为例,其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下:(2)⽤法:1)现在完成时通常表⽰在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话⼈强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我⼥⼉刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过⾯。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2)表⽰持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在内的表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤,如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。
如:I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些⽇⼦我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday.★注意:1)since和for的区别since后接时间点,如1993,last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接⼀段时间,表⽰“长达多久”,如ten years, a while, two days等。
Exercise: ⽤since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.2)表⽰短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等,在完成时当中不能和表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤,因为它们表⽰的动作不可能持续。
初中现在完成时讲解及练习

现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
The apples have sold out. 苹果卖完了。
He has seen the film so he doesn’t want to see it again.他以前看过这部电影,因此,他不想在看一遍了。
They have just heard the good news.他们刚刚才听到这个好消息。
1.表示开始于过去的动作持续到现在,并且可能还会持续下去。
I’ve know Lili for five years.我认识莉莉有五年了。
He has lived in Guangzhou since 5 years ago.他五年前就住在广州了。
2.表示过去某事到现在的经历或经验。
We have been to Beijing three times.我们去过北京三次。
My sister isn’t at home. She has gone to the museum.我姐姐不在家,她去了博物馆。
现在完成时的结构:1.肯定句:主语+have+过去分词+其它He have graduated from the school.When we get there, he have left.2.否定句:主语+have+not+过去分词+其它He hasn’t finished his homework until now.We haven’t got our books yet.3.一般疑问句:Has/Have+主语+过去分词+其它Has he caught the thief?肯定回答: Yes, he has.否定回答: No, he hasn’t.4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+has/have+主语+过去分词+其它How many times have you read the book?How long have you been here?一.现在完成时通常与时间状语before, recently, once, for, since last week,yet, up to now, till/until now, for a long time, theses years, in the past few days等以及副词never, ever, just, already等连用。
现在完成时精讲以及练习(附答案)

现在完成时精讲和练习(附答案)一、现在完成时的六种常用情景:(一)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,1、The car has arrived。
车子来了。
(对现在结果的影响是:车子已在门口)2、Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。
(对现在结果的影响是:窗户仍破着)3、It’s so dark。
Someone has turned off the light.这里很黑,有人刚把灯关了。
(对现在结果的影响是:现在很黑)4、Are you free? I have finished my homework. I am free.你有空吗?我已经做完了家庭作业。
我有空。
(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在影响是:很有空)。
(二)表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
一般会和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用。
如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
这时表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词。
1、My uncle has worked at this factory for five years。
我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
2、Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002。
自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
3、How long have you been here?你来这里多久了?4、I have learnt English for more than ten years。
我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在)5、She has swum since half an hour ago。
我已经游泳了半个小时。
(半个小时前开始,到现在还在游) (三)经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。
现在完成时的讲解和练习(5篇材料)

现在完成时的讲解和练习(5篇材料)第一篇:现在完成时的讲解和练习现在完成时讲解和练习现在完成时讲解一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money(so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has(just/already)come.(含义:郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四. has gone(to),has been(to), has been(in)的区别Have/Has gone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been(to):去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months./since twomonths ago.五.现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。
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现在完成时1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构:have/has + done4.否定形式:have/has + not +done.5.一般疑问句:have或has提前对于初接触现在完成时的人来说,往往会产生一种茫然,因为它似乎与一般过去时相似。
那就是,这两种时态描述的动作都始于过去。
其实不然,现在完成时主要表示,发生在过去的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续;侧重于这个动作对现在带来的结果、产生的影响、积累的总和等等。
而一般过去时则只不过是表示动作发生在过去的什么时候。
弄清了这一区别,就很容易理解现在完成时了。
它主要适用于下面的几种情况:1)表示截止现在业已完成的动作By now, I have collected all the data that I need .到现在为止,我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。
She has read 150 pages today .她今天已看了150页。
2)表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗?3)表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,并可能还要延续It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
1)一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思,以及它所处的语言环境。
例如:He speaks English .(一般现在时,说明动作发生的经常性。
)He spoke English when he was in New Zealand .(一般过去时,说明动作发生的时间。
)He is speaking English.(现在进行时,说明动作正在进行。
)He has spoken English for three years since he came to the USA.(现在完成时,这里说明动作的总和。
)He has been speaking English since he came to the USA. (现在完成进行时,强调动作的连续性。
)2)在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时;如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。
例如:I will not play tennis if it rains tomorrow.I would not play tennis if it rained the next day.3) 有些动词表示无法持续的动作,它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。
这类动词常见的有:be , believe , consist , find , forget , hate , have , hope , hear , know , like , love , notice , prefer , remember , see , seem , smell , suggest , taste , understand , want , wish , sit down , stand up 等等。
Be动词若是用于进行时态,可表示暂时、短暂的情况或表现。
例如:Tom is being a good boy today .汤姆今天很乖。
He is being childish .他这样做是耍孩子气。
You are not being modest .你这样说不太谦虚。
4)关于现在完成时的时间状语问题A. 凡是"完成时态"都表示,不知道也不管动作发生的具体时间, 所以在使用现在完成时的句子里,不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语,如:yesterday , last week ( month , year , etc. ) , two weeks ago , in 1999等;但常和有些副词连用,如:just , before , already , often , never , ever , not…yet , always等等。
B. 在以when提问的特殊疑问中不能用现在完成时。
另外,ago不能用于现在完成时的句子里,因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间,属于表示具体过去时间的状语。
但是可以用before 来表示"以前"的意义,因为它只表示"以前",而不知什么时候的以前。
C. 如果是不表示连续性的动词用于现在完成时的句子,不可以和以for表示的"一段时间"的状语连用。
在这种情况下,应该用"It has been …;since…"的句式来表达。
如:He has joined the army for five years. (错误)It has been five years since he joined the army.(正确)能与现在完成时连用词语很多,如副词just, already, yet, before, ever, recently 等,但下面是一些典型而且重要的例子:(1) since(自从):不管用作介词、连词还是副词, 句子(主句)谓语通常都用现在完成时:I haven’t seen her since last week. 自上周以来我一直未见过她。
Where have you been since I last saw? 自我上次见到你之后你到哪里去了?【注】有时可用其他时态的情况,但须注意:①对于某些表示状态的动词(如seem 等),或因语义等方面的原因,有时可能用一般现在时比较现在完成时更合适:It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎几年未见面了。
Since when does the $42 plus $5 service charge come to $48? 从什么什候开始42元加5元的服务费等于48元了?②若不是指从过去持续到现在,而是指从较远的过去持续到在一个较近的过去,则用过去完成时:Yesterday he told me that he hadn’t eaten anything since Tuesday. 他昨天告诉我自星期二以来他一直未吃任何东西。
(指从星期二至昨天未吃东西)③表示时间长度时,通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时:It’s ten years since he left here. 他离开这儿已10年了。
(2) so far(到目前为止):So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。
We haven’t had any trouble so far. 到目前为止,我们还没有遇到任何麻烦。
(3) in [for, during] the past [last] …years(在过去…年中):In the past two years I’ve seen him little. 过去两年我很少见到他。
I have been here (for) the last [past] month. 最近一个月里我都在这儿。
【注】在一定的上下文里,若是以过去时间为起点,也可用过去完成时。
(4) up to [until] now(到现在为止):Up to now, the work has been easy. 到现在为止这工作还算容易。
I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到现在为止我还没有听到他一点音信。
(5) It’s [will be] the first time that…(第一次…):It’s the first time I’ve come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。
现在完成时练习一、单项选择1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _________what's happened to him .A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D. still3、Have you met Mr Li ______?A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two yearA. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、-Our country_____ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .A. has changed ; well B. changed ; goodC. has changed ; better D. changed ; better6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .A. was ; studying B. will ; studyC. has ; studied D. are ; studying7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see9、-These farmers have been to the United States .-Really ? When _____ there ?A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone10、-______ you ___ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finishedC. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in12、-Do you know him well ?- Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made13、-How long have you ____ here ?-About two months .A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .A. has begun B. had begun C. has been onD. began15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .A. is B. has C. will D. was16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so theyB. don't theyC. have theyD. haven't they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comesB. How often, gotC. How long, cameD. How far, arrived20、His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university二、句型转换3、The old man _________ last year. He for a year. (die) (动词填空)4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________三、汉译英4、她还没有看过那部新电影。