南开大学考博英语真题解析 2
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：60
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题We should always keep in mind that （） decisions often lead to bitter regrets.问题1选项A.urgentB.hastyC.instantD.prompt【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。
根据句意可知，既然是痛苦的后悔，说明决定很草率，选项B符合语境。
2.单选题Jack came to the party with a young woman, whom I （） to be his girl friend.问题1选项A.pretendedB.supposedC.resumedD.granted【答案】B 【解析】动词词义辨析。
pretended“假装”;supposed“猜想”;resumed“继续, 重新开始”;granted“同意, 授予”。
句意:Jack和一个年轻女子一起来参加聚会, 我猜想应该是他的女朋友。
选项B符合句意。
3.单选题Acid rain leads to fish mortality. Many species of fish cannot survive in aquatic environments where the PH is below 5. 0. If the water is too acid, the gill systems of many kinds of fish can be damaged. （1 ） , the acid alters the blood chemistry of all fish. As a result, the fish population in an acidic environment decreases （2 ） becomes extinct. Approximately 20 percent of the lakes in Scandinavia are without fish. Moreover, in Nova Scotia the （3）salmon industry may be threatened by the decrease of salmon in rivers and streams. The impact is also （4 ） in the waters of Ontario and Quebec, where fish populations are （5 ） the decline.What potential remedies exist for the acid rain （6 ） ? The experts disagree. Some say new environmental laws should be （7 ） to control the emission of pollutants in the atmosphere. Some say that if we had known how serious acid rain was, we would have planned （8 ） to prevent it. （9 ） , all agree that if the consumption of fossil fuel were reduced, we would have less of a problem. Another （10 ）is that special scrubbers could be installed in smokestacks to remove a good （11 ） of the pollutants before they get into the atmosphere. Other ideas even include breeding more （12 ） fish. And research suggests that spreading lime into lakes may be effective in （13） acidity. In conclusion, it is clear that if we truly want to reduce the impact of acid rain, a （14 ）of remedies and international cooperation must be explored. It is a sad fact that acid rain probably could have been avoided if we （15 ） what we know now.问题1选项A.LikewiseB.BesidesC.ThusD.Otherwise问题2选项A.andB.thenC.henceD.or问题3选项A.entirepleteC.totalD.all问题4选项A.imaginableB.unaccountableC.considerableD.understandable问题5选项A.onB.withC.toD.at 问题6选项A.affairB.issueC.matterD.question问题7选项A.announcedB.orderedC.imposedD.enacted问题8选项A.fasterB.moreC.betterD.harder问题9选项A.FurthermoreB.ConverselyC.AccordinglyD.Nevertheless问题10选项A.possibilityB.perspectiveC.occurrenceD.opportunity问题11选项A.pieceB.portionC.sectionD.segment问题12选项A.toleratedB.tolerantC.tolerableD.intolerant问题13选项A.descendingB.decliningC.reducingD.relieving问题14选项binationB.allianceC.mixtureD.union问题15选项A.knowB.knewC.had knownD.have known【答案】第1题:B 第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:A第6题:B第7题:D第8题:C第9题:D第10题:A第11题:B第12题:B第13题:C第14题:A第15题:C【解析】（1）上下文语义。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：100
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards: （） it should rank high on any list of science fiction.问题1选项A.consistentlyB.consequentlyC.invariablyD.fortunately【答案】B【解析】副词词义辨析。
consistently“一致地, 一贯地”;consequently“ 因此, 所以”;invariably“总是，不变地”;fortunately“幸运地”。
句意:无论以何种标准来衡量，《成人礼》都是一部优秀的小说:因此，它应该排在任何科幻小说的前列。
前后构成因果关系，所以选项B正确。
2.单选题Donations are needed to （） our child-care programs.问题1选项A.implementB.validateC.strengthenD.approve【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。
implement实施，实现；validate证实，确认；strengthen加强，巩固；approve 批准，赞成。
句意：实施我们的托儿所项目需要捐款。
选项A符合句意。
3.单选题The doctors are very much worried about the（）of the patient’s condition after operation.问题1选项A.dispositionB.deliberationC.deteriorationD.diversion【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。
disposition“处置, 性情”;deliberation“审议, 考虑”;deterioration“恶化, 退化”;diversion“消遣, 转移注意力”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：78
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A man has to make （） for his old age by putting aside enough to live on when old.问题1选项A.supplyB.assuranceC.provisionD.adjustment【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。
make provision for指为...预先采取措施, 为…作好准备。
句意:一个人必须为自己的老年提前做准备, 存下足够的钱以备老年之需。
选项C正确。
2.单选题An unidentified wit once said, “laugh, and the world laughs with you. Snore, and you sleep alone.” Yet snoring is far from a laughing matter, as those un fortunates with good hearing, who are rightly subjected to the sounds of the snoring disorder, will testify.It has been estimated that one of eight Americans snores: this means that there are approximately 21 million people—women as well as men—who render an unpleasant sound when they are asleep. And assuming that each snorer disturbs the sleep of at least one other person, it necessarily follows that there are 21 million unhappy listeners. While a sleeping person breathes, either in or out, several structures in his nose and throat generate the snoring. The sounds, coming from the soft palate and other soft structures of the throat, are caused by vibratory responses to inflowing and outflowing air. When the soft tissues of the mouth and throat come close to the lining of the throat, the vibrations that occur are caused by the position of the tongue. In short, the noise made by snoring can be compared to the noise when breezes flutter a flag on a pole. The frequency of the vibrations depends on the size, density, and elasticity of the affected tissues and on the force of the air flow. Although it is usually the process of in haling or exhaling through the mouth that cause snoring, short snorts come from the nose of an open-mouthed sleeper. In all fairness to snorers, however, it should be emphasized that snoring is an involuntary out which stops as the offender is awakened.1.The snoring is caused by （） .2.If a person produces short snores, most probably he has （） .3.The snorers can have control over their act.4.The author’s attitude towards the snorers is （） .问题1选项A.the soft palate and other structures of the throatB.the inflowing and outflowing air through the noseC.the inflowing and outflowing air through mouthD.the vibrations as a result of the inflowing and outflowing air问题2选项A.a soft palateB.a big noseC.an open mouthD.a small throat问题3选项A.The snorers can have control over their act.B.both the listeners and the snorers wish to stop the offensive sound of snoring.C.The frequency of the vibrations depends on the position of the tongue.D.There are more men than women who snore.问题4选项A.objectiveB.subjectiveC.sympatheticD.annoyed【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A【解析】1.事实细节题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：24
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题They had planned to go outing this weekend, but they finally had to （） it because of the rainy weather.问题1选项A.cancelB.eliminateC.delayD.prolong【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。
cancel“取消, 撤销”;eliminate“消除, 排除”;delay“延期, 耽搁”;prolong“延长, 拖延”。
句意:他们原计划这个周末去郊游, 但由于下雨, 最后不得不取消了。
选项A符合句意。
2.单选题The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that （） we had to stop for refreshments. 问题1选项A.at largeB.at easeC.at randomD.at intervals 【答案】D【解析】固定搭配词组辨析。
at large“详尽的”;at ease“安逸, 舒适”;at random“随便地, 任意地”;at intervals“不时地, 间断地”。
句意:讨论时间太长, 使人精疲力竭, 我们不得不不时地停下来吃点点心。
选项D符合句意。
3.单选题Making private phone calls on the office phone is severely （） on in our country.问题1选项A.criticizedB.regardedC.objectedD.frowned【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。
句意：在我国，用办公室电话打私人电话会受到严厉的批评。
选项A符合句意。
frowned皱眉，不满。
4.单选题Hotel rooms must be （） by noon, but luggage may be left with the porter.问题1选项A.departedB.abandonedC.vacatedD.displaced【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：36
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题You must let me have the annual report without （）by ten o’clock tomorrow morning.问题1选项A.failureB.hesitationC.troubleD.fail【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。
without fail为固定搭配, 表示“必定, 务必”。
句意为:你必须在明天早上十点之前把年度报告交给我。
所以选项D正确。
2.单选题The company will （） to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.问题1选项A.retainB.alterC.adhereD.abandon 【答案】C【解析】动词搭配。
retain”保持, 记住”;alter“改变, 更改”;adhere“坚持, 追随”, 一般与to连用;abandon“抛弃, 遗弃”。
句意:无论过程中会付出多大的代价, 这家公司都将坚持其协议。
选项C符合句意。
3.单选题At Wembley, the home of football, countless thousands of people spend Sunday morning amongst the （） selling everything from shoes to model trains.问题1选项A.stallsB.staturesC.stalksD.statutes【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。
stalls货摊；statures身高，身材；stalks茎秆；statutes法令。
句意：成千上万的人整个星期天上午都流连于出售从鞋子到模型火车等各种商品的小摊位。
选项A符合句意。
4.单选题You have lived in many foreign countries so I’d expect you to have some sort of （） people who have just arrived here.问题1选项A.love forB.concern forC.sympathy forD.empathy for【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：11
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The torch was （） by a famous athlete at the opening of the sports meeting.问题1选项A.deceivedB.ignitedC.implementedD.designated【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。
deceive“欺骗, 行骗”;ignite“点燃, 使燃烧”;implement“实施, 执行”;designate“指定, 指派”。
句意:在运动会开幕式上火炬由一名著名的运动员点燃。
选项B符合句意。
2.单选题They advised their clients to （） with another company.问题1选项A.mergeB.engageC.emergeD.submerge 【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。
merge with合并，与...联合；engage with交战，与...接洽；emerge浮现，暴露；submerge淹没。
句意：他们建议客户与另一家公司合作。
选项A符合句意。
3.单选题You must let me have the annual report without （）by ten o’clock tomorrow morning.问题1选项A.failureB.hesitationC.troubleD.fail【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。
without fail为固定搭配, 表示“必定, 务必”。
句意为:你必须在明天早上十点之前把年度报告交给我。
所以选项D正确。
4.单选题Of all the wild dogs, none is more closely related to the （） dog than to the wolf.问题1选项A.domesticatedB.barkingzyD.running【答案】A【解析】语境判断。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：83
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.写作题Nowadays, advertisements can be found everywhere in a big city such as Shanghai. They shout at us from the television screen and radio loudspeakers, wave to us from every page of the newspaper, signal to us from the roadside billboards all day and flash messages to us in colored lights all night. What do you think of the flood of advertising make any contribution to our society?For this part you are to write a composition on the topic If There Were No Advertisements. You should illustrate your viewpoints on advertisement in no less than 200 words.【答案】2.单选题Researchers have found that migrating animals use a variety of inner compasses to help them navigate. Some direct themselves by the position of the sun. Others navigate by the stars. Some use the sun as their guide during the day, and then switch tn star navigation by night. One study shows that the homing pigeon uses the Earth's magnetic fields as a guide in finding its way home, and there are indications that various other animals, from insects to mollusks, can also make use of magnetic compasses. It is of course very useful for a migrating bird to be able to switch to a magnetic compass when clouds cover the sun; otherwise it would just have to land and wait for the sun to come out again.Even with the sun or stars to guide by, the problems of navigation are more complicated than they might seem at first. For example, a worker honeybee that has found a rich source of nectar and pollen flies rapidly home to report. A scientist has discovered that the bee sent out to look for food delivers her report through a complicated dance to the other workers not only how far away the food is, but also what direction to fly in relation to the sun. But the sun does not stay in one place all day. As the workers start out to gather the toed, the sun may already have changed its position in the sky somewhat. In later trips during the day, the sun will seem to move farther and farther toward the west. Yet the worker bee seem to have no trouble at all in finding the food source. Their inner clocks tell them just where the sun will be, and they change their course correspondingly.1.The author mentions all the following natural phenomena that help animals navigate EXCEPT （）.2.What makes it necessary for a bird to rely on a magnetic compass when navigating?3.According to the passage what information does the dance of the scout bee communicate to the other worker bees?4.What enables the bees to fly by the sun even though the sun’s position is not fixed?问题1选项A.the sunB.the starsC.magnetic fieldsD.wind direction问题2选项A.The possibility of bad weatherB.The constant motion of the sun.C.Its patterns of migration.D.Its need to constantly change homes.问题3选项A.The time of the day.B.What the weather is like.C.How far away the food is.D.Which flowers the scout has found.问题4选项A.They are equipped with biological time clocks.B.They fly in formation behind the scout bee.C.They have excellent eyesight.D.They have long memories.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A【解析】1.事实细节题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：95
2022年考研考博-考博英语-南开大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Unless you lived through the Eisenhower era, it may be hard to imagine the impact of the on-screen sight of sneering high-school students challenging adults with switch-blades. But in 1950s America, killing was still seen as something rare and horrible, something done by soldiers in battle, by lawmen, by gangsters, or by the occasional psychopath.Homicides in movies, even those considered violent, were infrequent. Those films presented juvenile delinquency more as the thread of rebellion and disobedience than of outright violence.The idea of American teenagers as killers was beyond compression. The change in 1957 when a wave of teen-street-gang killing in New York City (22 in the first six months of the year) spurred the emergency deployment of six hundred Police Academy cadets in a war on teen street crime. Though teen violence soon lost its place in news headlines to other crises, it did not go away.Thirty-five years later America is in the grip of a violence epidemic that has transformed the country into one of the most dangerous nations on earth. The national homicide rate, corrected for population growth, increased almost exactly 100 percent from 1950 to 1990. In major cities the increase has been much higher. In Los Angeles County the 1953 homicide total was 82. In 1992, with a population almost doubled, the total was 2, 512一an increase of over 1, 000 percent. These are staggering increase by any measure, with the one-year toll for L.A. County exceeding the deaths in over fifteen years of conflict in Northern Ireland.Youth crime accounts for a disproportionate number of these killings. That’s more than twice the number recorded a decade earlier, reflecting the fact, according to FBI reports, that the number of youths who committed murder with guns was up 79 percent in one decade. Clearly something has gone horribly wrong. In looking for a root cause, one of the most obvious differences in the social and cultural fabric between post-World War II and pre-World War II America is the massive and pervasive exposure of American youth to television. Since the 1950s, behavioral scientists and medical researchers have been examining screen violence as a possible causative element in America’s spiraling violent crime rate. There is compelling evidence of a direct, demonstrable link. Homicide has become the second leading cause among African-American youth. In 1992 the US surgeon general cited violence as the leading cause of injury to women aged 15 to 44, and the US Centers for Disease Control consider violence a public health issue, to be treated as an epidemic.1.From the passage we can infer that （） .2.Which of the following is not true?3.A major reason for youth crime increase is （） .4.It is a fact, in 1992, that （） .5.The word “spiraling”（Para.5） is close in meaning to （） .问题1选项A.from the 1950s on high-school students have been a threat to the safety of adultsB.in the 1950s only some gun-men used gun as weaponsC.it was in the late 1950s that violence was frequentD.youth crime began in the 1950s问题2选项A.There were more than 22 killings of teenagers in New York, in 1957.B.The wave of teen murder urged policemen to take a quick action.C.Violence was so emergent that even six hundred students of Police Academy were turned to for help.D.Six hundred students of Police Academy were involved in the street crime.问题3选项A.population grows too muchB.young people are exposed too much to screen violenceC.violence is a public issueD.the economic background问题4选项A.population in Los Angeles was of 2, 512 peopleB.homicide totaled 352 in Los AngelesC.homicide rose up to 2, 512 in Los AngelesD.population in Los Angeles was over 1, 512问题5选项A.movingB.changingC.risingD.falling【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.推理判断题。
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南开大学考博英语真题解析
1. As we can see from the chart (graph /table /diagram…)…
2. The chart (graph /table / diagram…) shows that…
3. As is shown in the picture (drawing /photograph…)…
4. As can be seen in the picture (drawing / photograph…)…
5. It can be seen from the cartoon (picture /comics…) that…
6. When asked about (When it comes to /Faced with)…，the majority of (most /many /quite a few) people say (believe /claim / think /argue) that…，but others regard (view /see /think of /consider / conceive)… as differently.
7. There is a general (much /public) discussion (debate / controversy) nowadays on (about /over /as to) the issue (problem) of … Those who criticize (object to)… argue that… They believe that… But people who advocate (favor)…,on the other hand， argue that…
8. With the development (improvement /rise /growth) of…
9. Now people in larger (growing /ever-increasing /significant) numbers are starting (beginning /coming /getting) to know (believe /realize /recognize /understand /accept /see /be aware) that…
10. My reason (idea /opinion /view /suggestion) may be expressed as follows.
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11. There are various (many / different /several /a number of /a variety of) effects (causes /reasons) for this sharp (dramatic /marked /significant /extraordinary) decrease (fall / growth /change /decline /increase) in… Firstly， … Secondly，...
12. The decline (increase / change /failure /success) in… mainly (largely /partly) results from (arises from /is because of /is due to /is attributable to) the fact that (several factors)…
13. It is no easy (simple) task (job) to find (give) the reason for this complicated (deep-rooted) phenomenon (tendency) which involves several (many) factors.
14. It is high time that we place (lay /put) great (special /considerable) emphasis on the improvement (development /increase /promotion) of…
15. It is important (necessary /essential /fundamental) that
effective (quick /proper /powerful /more) actions (steps /measures remedies) should be taken to prevent (correct /check /end /fight) the situation (tendency /phenomenon).
16. There is no denying (little doubt) that serious (special /adequate /considerable / immediate /further) attention must be called (paid /devoted) to the phenomenon (problem /shortage /plight) of…
17. This acceleration is frequently dramatized by a brief account of the progress in transportation.
18. Research is carried out for two main reasons.
19. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts ， neither is much more than a solid mass of matter.
20. The reason why they return to the Stockton house is that they want to survive .
21. Wandering with intent to commit an arrestable offence .
22. Technology makes more technology possible .
23. And although you may not like it ， if she chooses your doorway as her place to sleep in the night ， it is as morally hard to turn her away it is a lost dog .
24. The Conservative Party was hard hit when War Minister John Profumo was involved in a moral scandal that furnished the British press with headlines for weeks .
25. In any movement or exercise of the body ， the veins get a continual rubbing and pressure from the muscles around them ， which help carry blood back to the heart .
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