therebe用法大全

there be用法大全1. 基本结构一、构成：There be ...句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were??)+名词+地点状语。

例如：There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.二、各种句式：否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be 后加上“not”。

也可用“no”来表示。

即：no + n.（名词）= not a\an\any + n.（名词）。

注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）= not a\an + n.（可数名词单数）；no + n.（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）；no + n.（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）。

例如：There is an orange in her bag.→There isn’t an o range in her bag.→There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.→There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.→There is no juice in the bottle.??一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。

例如：There is some money in her handbag.?→ Is there any money in her handbag (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)There is something new in today’s newspaper.→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper特殊疑问句：There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：?① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who’s + 介词短语”；当主语是物时，用“What’s + 介词短语”。

其中there在口语中常常省略。

注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。

如：?? ? There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree?? ? There are some bikes over there. →What’s over thereThere is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?② 对地点状语提问：用“Where is \ are + 主语”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如：?? ?There is a computer in my office.?→ Where is the computer ----It’s in my office.?? ?There are four children in the classroom.?→Where are the four children—They’ re in the classroom.??③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式：?如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语”表示：There are twelve months in a year.?→How many months are there in a yearThere is only one book in my bag.?→ How many books are there in your bagThere is a cat in the box.?→ How many cats are there in the box如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语”表示：There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in? ?? ?? ?? your purse反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用…there 例如：There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t thereThere used to be no school here, used there \did there?三、注意事项：1. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。

例如：There is a basketball in the box. ?There is a little milk in the glass.如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。

例如：There are many birds in the tree. ?There were many people in the street yesterday. ?如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。

例如：There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.?There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.??2.??There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时??have\has + pp. 、used to 结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。

例如：There must be a pen in the box.There happened to be some money in my pocket.?There is going to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church across from the bank.?3. There be句型和have\has的区别：There be句型表示“存在有”, have\has表示“拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.我有三本书. I have three books.2. 主谓一致要采取就近一致原则，和靠近 be 的主语一致。

如：There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。

There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 门口有两个男孩，一个老师。

3. There be+名词+分词这种句式中分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。

doing表示动作和前面名词有主谓关系，过去分词done和前面名词有被动关系。

如：There is a man sitting on the fence. 有个人正坐在篱笆上。

There was a car stolen last night. 昨晚有辆车被偷了。

这种句式可以用"主语+be+分词"这一结构来代替。

例如:There is a boy playing with a puppy in the yard. ( = A boy is playing witha puppy in the yard.)一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩耍。

There has been more money spent on armaments than on famine relief. (=More money has been spent on armaments than on famine relief.)花在军备上的钱比花在救灾上的钱还多。

4. 反意疑问句。

反意疑问句应与 there be 对应，而不是依据主语。

如：There is a radio on the table, isn't there 桌子上有一台收音机，是吧There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren't there 你们班有50多名学生，是吧5. there be 与 have 的替换there be 表示所属时可与 have 替换。

There is nothing but a book in my bag. = I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本书。

6. there be 后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。

如：There is a lot of work to do. 有许多工作要做。

注意：当该句型主语是 something, anything, nothing 等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。

There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。

There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。

7. 与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。

如：There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。

There used to be a cinema here before the war. 战争之前，这儿有一家电影院。