人教版英语语法专项突破讲义：词性转换(构词法)及答案
高考英语复习专项突破：语法填空之词性转换、比较等级和名词的数(全国通用)
语法填空之词性转换、比较等级和名词的数距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
词形转换是高考语法填空的一个重要考查点。
在解答此类题目时，一要根据空处在句中所作的成分确定词性：名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等，前面可能会有冠词、形容词或者形容词性物主代词修饰；动词作谓语与非谓语；形容词作表语或作定语修饰名词；副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
二要根据标志词及语境确定比较级。
三要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。
如何判定是否考查词形转换[经典感悟]【例】(2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65.____________(protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66.____________(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1，000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.解析：第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。
语法专项突破 专题二 需要“变形”的名词、数词、形容词和副词 第3讲 词性转化(构词法) 含答案
语法专项突破专题二需要“变形”的名词、数词、形容词和副词第3讲词性转化(构词法)一、动词/形容词转化为名词的规律1.动词变名词的后缀2.形容词变名词的后缀二、名词/动词转化为形容词的规律三、形容词转化为副词的规律❖厘清两种情况，突破词性转化❖一、从句法功用上看，厘清“修饰”与“被修饰”1.名词在句中做宾语，被冠词或形容词或形容词性物主代词所修饰。
[例1] She is determined to carry on with her __________(educate).[例2] Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the __________(develop) of chopsticks.2.形容词在句中做定语，常放在名词之前[例3]It was a relief and I came to a _________(suddenly) stop just in the middle of the road.3.形容词在句中作表语，常放在be, get, become, remain等系动词后[例4]At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be _________(freely) from them.4.形容词在句中作宾语补足语，之前常有使役动词、感官动词或介词with加名词或代词[例5] As I walked, I looked up, trying to realize what made this day so ___________(beauty).5.副词在句中修饰动词[例6]The title will be _________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.6.副词在句中修饰形容词或其他副词[例7]Dad and I were __________(terrible) worried.7.副词用在句首，修饰整个句子，表示状态、原因等。
高三人教版英语复习课件：词性转换 知识点讲解
(4)-ness 表示性质、状态 dark 黑的→darkness 黑暗 weak 虚弱的→weakness 虚弱 kind 友好的→kindness 善良 cold 寒冷的→coldness 冷淡；冷漠 aware 知道的；意识到的→awareness 知道；意识
(5)-th 表示结果、过程、性质、状态 warm 温暖的→warmth 温暖 true 真的→truth 真相 *deep 深的→depth 深(度) strong 强壮的→strength 力量 long 长的→length 长度 wide 宽的→width 宽度
考点二 形容词、副词后缀
1．名词或动词转化为形容词的规律
类别
例词
词尾加-y
词尾 加-(e)d
cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy
gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced
类别
3．形容词转化为副词的规律 类别
例词
clear→clearly, great→greatly，
形容词＋后缀-ly
loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly,
sincere→sincerely
happy→happily, heavy→heavily, 以辅音字母-y 结尾的形容
angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, 词，把 y 变为 i 再加-ly
tradition→traditional
friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely
wood→wooden, wool→woolen
2020版高考英语(人教·全国版)一轮复习学案语法第一部分第四讲词性转换(构词法)含解析
第四讲词性转换(构词法)英语构词法主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。
合成是指将两个意思不同的单词结合成一个新词；转化是指一个单词的词形不变而由一种词性转化为另一种词性；派生是指通过给一个单词加前缀或后缀变成另一个词。
前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性，后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。
将构词法置于此处讲解，一是对前面基础词法的汇总，二是为攻克后面的重难动词做铺垫。
[全析考法]单句语法填空/单句改错1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.解析：pollution decrease“降低，减少”，为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，故填名词pollution。
2．(2018·6月浙江高考)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________(weigh) problems.解析：weight根据语境可知，此处表示体重方面的问题，故此处填名词作定语。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She is determined to carry on with her ________ (educate)．解析：education前面有形容词性物主代词her，此处应该使用动词educate的名词形式education作宾语。
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ (attract)．解析：attraction此处作表语且前面由its top修饰，应该用attract的名词形式attraction，意为“吸引人之物，诱惑物”。
2020高考英语新创新大一轮复习人教全国版讲义语法突破专题化第一部分第四讲词性转换(构词法)含答案
第四讲词性转换(构词法)英语构词法主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。
合成是指将两个意思不同的单词结合成一个新词；转化是指一个单词的词形不变而由一种词性转化为另一种词性；派生是指通过给一个单词加前缀或后缀变成另一个词。
前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性，后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。
将构词法置于此处讲解，一是对前面基础词法的汇总，二是为攻克后面的重难动词做铺垫。
动词、形容词转换为名词[全析考法]单句语法填空/单句改错1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.解析：pollution decrease“降低，减少”，为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，故填名词pollution。
2．(2018·6月浙江高考)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________(weigh) problems.解析：weight根据语境可知，此处表示体重方面的问题，故此处填名词作定语。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She is determined to carry on with her ________ (educate)．解析：education前面有形容词性物主代词her，此处应该使用动词educate的名词形式education作宾语。
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ (attract)．解析：attraction此处作表语且前面由its top修饰，应该用attract的名词形式attraction，意为“吸引人之物，诱惑物”。
高三人教版英语复习课件：词性转换 知识点讲解
例词
meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care →
词尾加 -ful/-less
careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→ harmful/harmless,home→homeless, colour→colourful,use→useful/useless,
suitable→suitably
词尾为-ue 的形容词，去掉 e 再加-ly
true→truly
词尾为-ll 的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully
basic→basically,
词尾为-ic 的形容词，加-ally
scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically,
thank→thankful, peace→peaceful
词尾加 -able
comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable
类别 词尾加
-ous 词尾 -ce 变为-t
词尾加 -al
3．形容词转化为副词的规律 类别
例词
clear→clearly, great→greatly，
形容词＋后缀-ly
loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly,
sincere→sincerely
happy→happily, heavy→heavily, 以辅音字母-y 结尾的形容
angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, 词，把 y 变为 i 再加-ly
高考英语语法专项突破训练专题2词类转换构词法
专题二十二词类转换（构词法）重难点分析英语在表达句子时，根据句子成分的不同需用不同的词性，如作主语或宾语常用名词形式，作定语常用形容词形式，而作状语则用副词形式，这就需要词类转换了。
词类转换是英语构词法中最普遍也是最重要的一种构词现象。
此外，词类转换是历年高考语法填空和短文改错的必考点，年年必有，考生应予以特别重视！本专题就词类转换进行详细讲解，供考生学习和参考。
真题再练1.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.2.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their(able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.3.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat(slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.4.As(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.5.The river was so polluted that it(actual) caught fire and burned.6.Just be(patience).7.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers (sudden) became friendly to one another.思路点拨当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转换。
2020 高考冲刺 英语 总复习(人教版)--语法专项突破--第三讲 词性转换(构词法)
第三讲词性转换(构词法)[思维导图]一、动词、形容词转化为名词的规律1．动词变名词的后缀后缀例词－ion/－tion/－sion/－ationcorrect→correction 改正celebrate→celebration 庆祝；庆祝会attract→attraction 吸引conclude→conclusion 结论；结束discuss→discussion 讨论；辩论decide→decision 决定admit→admission 接纳；准许入学invite→invitation 邀请explain→explanation 解释graduate→graduation 毕业expect→expectation 期望－er/－or drive→driver 司机；驾驶员gather→gatherer 收集者；采集者teach→teacher 老师announce→announcer 广播员conduct→conductor 指挥；售票员－ment punish→punishment 惩罚achieve→achievement 功绩；成就argue→argument 辩论；论据treat→treatment 对待；治疗equip→equipment 装备；设备govern→government 政府－ance/ －ence appear→appearance 出现；外貌guide→guidance 指引；指导perform→performance 表演；节目exist→existence 存在；生存prefer→preference 偏爱refer→reference 参考；查阅－ing hear→hearing 听力；听觉begin→beginning 开始－ure/－ture fail→failure 失败；倒闭press→pressure 压力depart→departure 离开；出发mix→mixture 混合；混合物－y recover→recovery 恢复；痊愈discover→discovery 发现其他choose→choice 选择vary→variety 多样化；种类tend→tendency 趋向；趋势2.形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词－age short→shortage 不足；短缺－cy efficient→efficiency 效率；功效fluent→fluency 流利；流畅accurate→accuracy 准确性private→privacy 隐私；私密－dom free→freedom 自由；自主wise→wisdom 明智；智慧。
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第三讲词性转换(构词法) [思维导图]一、动词、形容词转化为名词的规律1．动词变名词的后缀2.形容词变名词的后缀二、名词、动词转化为形容词的规律[名师指津] －ed形容词多表示主语所处的状态，意为“感到……的”，通常修饰人；－ing形容词多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，通常修饰物或事。
三、形容词转化为副词的规律厘清两种情况，突破词性转换从句法功用上看，厘清“修饰与被修饰”1．名词在句中作宾语，被冠词或形容词或形容词性物主代词所修饰[例1] She is determined to carry on with her________(educate)．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) [分析] education[前面有形容词性物主代词her，此处应该使用动词educate的名词形式education作宾语。
][例2] Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the________(develop)of chopsticks.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)[分析] development[根据空前面的the和空后面的of可知，此处需要名词。
] 2．形容词在句中作定语，常放在名词之前[例3] It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)[分析] suddenly→sudden[此处需要用形容词修饰后面的名词stop，表示“突然的停止”。
]3．形容词在句中作表语，常放在be，get，become，remain等系动词后[例4] At one time，I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)[分析] freely→free[此处需要用形容词作表语。
be free from them“摆脱他们”。
] 4．形容词在句中作宾语补足语，之前常有使役动词、感官动词或介词with加名词或代词[例5] As I walked，I looked up，trying to realize what made this day so ________(beauty)．[分析] beautiful[使役动词make之后跟复合宾语，用形容词作宾语补足语。
] 5．副词在句中修饰动词[例6] The title will be________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)[分析] officially[此处表示(大使)这个头衔将在伦敦的一个仪式上正式授予给我。
分析句子结构可知，应该使用副词officially作状语修饰动词given。
]6．副词在句中修饰形容词或其他副词[例7] Dad and I were terrible worried.(全国卷Ⅱ)[分析] terrible→terribly[此处应用副词terribly修饰形容词worried。
]7．副词用在句首，修饰整个句子，表示状态、原因等[例8] ________(lucky)，he also had a cow which produced milk every day.(广东高考) [分析] Luckily[此处为副词用于句首，表示状态。
]8．要特别注意有使役用法的动词的分词形式用作形容词时的区别。
如amazed常修饰人的内心感受，表示“吃惊的”；amazing常修饰事物，表示“令人吃惊的”。
[例9] There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and________(disappoint)．(新课标全国卷Ⅱ)[分析] disappointed[disappointed和前面的anxious并列，表示人的内心活动，应使用－ed形式的形容词，此处表示“他们中有些人看起来既焦虑又失望”。
]从“词性”变化上看，厘清“词形”的变化特点词形变化是重点，注意特殊形式和变化特点：以－e结尾加－ly，切记true需把－e去；－ble，－ple都是去－e把－y加。
另外需注意形副同形词。
[例10] Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)[分析] steady→steadily[谓语动词grow是不及物动词，意为“增长，增强”，此处应该使用副词steadily作状语修饰grow。
grow steadily意为“稳定地增长”。
] [例11] Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________ (regular)．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)[分析] regularly[此处需要用副词修饰谓语动词短语“take short breaks”。
][例12] My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.(陕西高考) [分析] immediate→immediately[此处修饰“jumped up”，故应用副词形式。
]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Running is cheap，easy and it’s always________(energy)．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)答案energetic[根据句子结构可知，此处应该使用与其前的cheap、easy相同形式的形容词energetic作表语。
]2．A taste for meat is ________ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens，pigs，and cattle.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)答案actually[应用副词作状语修饰系动词is。
]3．This switch has decreased________(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)答案pollution[此处作decreased的宾语，应填名词pollution。
]4．According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total ________(globe) fertilizer consumption.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)答案global[此处和total一起修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption，意为“全世界的化肥总消耗量”，故用形容词作定语。
]5．I’m a________(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)答案scientist[设空处前面是a，可知空处应填可数名词单数，再联系文章内容可知“我”是一位科学家，故填scientist。
]6．The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be________(afford) but doing this most days adds up.(2018·浙江高考)答案affordable[根据语境可知此处作表语，所以要用形容词形式。
] 7．Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in________(weigh) problems.(2018·浙江高考)答案weight[表示体重方面的问题，要用名词作定语。
]8．Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires，Asia’s biggest building，and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top________(attract)．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) 答案attraction[句意：但是对像我这样的游客来说，大熊猫是最吸引人的东西。
此处作表语的应该是名词attraction，意为“吸引人之物，诱惑物”。
]Ⅱ.单句改错1．I felt happily that their life had improved.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)答案happily→happy[动词felt在此处是系动词，意为“觉得，感觉”，其后应该使用形容词happy作表语。
]2．Immediate，I raised my hand.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)答案Immediate→ Immediately[根据语境，此处修饰整个句子，应该使用副词。
] 3．My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)答案honest→honesty[根据句意和结构可知，此处应该使用名词形式。
]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．They had both been sentenced to death (die)．(2019·辽宁沈阳二中模拟)2．The girl then plants a kiss on the grass in a heart－warming show of affection(affect)．(2019·福建漳州质检)3．My application (apply) was successful and I spent an enjoyable month learning film －making.(2019·广东佛山质检)4．Perhaps he can make his fortune (fortunate)at football.(2019·海口一中模拟)5．I really needed Snow，because it was good for my recovery__(recover)．(2019·洛阳一中模拟)6．Pop－up shops first appeared in the UK in the early 2000s.They were originally (origin)a way for small companies to rent small space in great locations.(2019·锦州模拟)7．Indeed，travelling around this country will truly(true)give you an amazing experience because of its interesting things offered to all types of tourists.(2019·邯郸模拟) 8．The water near the equator is less salty than that found in the mid－latitudes (中纬度) for abundant(abundance) equatorial precipitation (赤道降水) throughout the year.(2019·江西五市八校联考)9．Films，books，magazines，etc.give us daily (day) amusement.(2019·佛山三模) 10．In some crowded (crowd) cities，the car has polluted the air so badly that people get sick just from breathing it.(2019·桃江一中模拟)Ⅱ.单句改错1．Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly－equipped classroom，I found the teachers patiently. (2019·湖南桃江一中模拟)Disappointing→Disappointed；patiently→patient2．Similar，people prefer movies that reflect their mood.(2019·海口模拟)Similar→Similarly3．While having an operation，she had a nearly death experience.(2019·南昌模拟)nearly→near4．I have read lots of inspired stories of kindness.(2019·赣州模拟)inspired→inspiring5．The scene looked so nicely.(2019·马鞍山模拟)nicely→nice6．In order to make myself understood，I told him how to go there as clear as possible. (2019·山东师大附中模拟)clear→clearly7．First，we must be friendly and kind.(2019·辽宁师大附中模拟)kindly→kind8．I’m looking forward to your kindly reply at your earliest convenient.(2019·兰州一中模拟)convenient→convenience9．Though the circumstance was hard，he made fully use of everything to study，which contributed to being admitted to Peking University.(2019·湖北沙市模拟)fully→full 10．Even closest friends have quarrels，so do n’t take it too serious.(2019·大庆实验中学模拟)serious→seriouslyⅢ.语法填空(2019·太原模拟)Everyone has secrets，and John Corcoran is no exception.For decades，Corcoran lived with an 1.________ (embarrass) secret，one that millions of Americans have.He was a college graduate and had even been a teacher for years，2.________ John was reading at an elementary school level once.3.________ (fail) to learn how to read in school，Corcoran finally developed the thought that there was something wrong with him.Then one day，at the age of 48，he accidentally 4.________ (hear) two women in the checkout line talking about how proud they were 5.________ their adult brother for finally learning how to read.Soon afterwards，Corcoran went to a reading clinic6.________ (get) help.After 125 hours’ professional7.________(treat)，he could read ata 12th grade level.Since he began to learn to read，Corcoran 8.________(write) poems and short stories，and has started a foundation to provide tutoring for thousands of students 9.________ cannot read like him.“I used to call my problem a curse，”Corcoran said，“but now it’s 10.________ (actual) a blessing to me，because I get to encourage others and show it’s never too late to learn how to read.”【语篇解读】John Corcoran的阅读能力只有小学一年级的水平，最后通过自己的努力他克服了这个难题。