雅思听力真题场景词汇六、library
雅思听力之图书馆场景篇

雅思听力之图书馆场景篇图书馆场景是属于学术范围的场景,而且与学习生活密切相关,所以在雅思考试中不断重复出现。
本文中为大家提供一些相关的词汇以及技巧,希望能对同学们有些帮助。
图书馆场景如果出现在section1的话,那么考察的是一个办理图书证的环节,各种细节的信息。
如果是出现在section2的话就会是一个借书的场景;如果是在section3的话,大概会是一个更加详细的场景,例如:如何续借、超过借阅期限如何罚款等等。
Section 4的话那就可能是新生入学的一个场景。
接下来我们先来谈一些雅思考试的图书馆场景相关词汇:图书馆类型microfilm library 微缩胶卷图书馆 CD-ROM library 光盘借阅图书馆图书类型fiction 小说 textbook 教材journal/periodical 学术期刊(考点考年代较多)newspaper(s) 报纸 magazine 杂志 dictionary 词典 videovideotape 录像带 autobiography 自传reference 参考书(论文中引用过的书)bibliography 参考文献(论文中看过的书)index 索引 catalog(ue) 目录 category 种类可用设备printer(penny, pounds) 打印机 photocopier; photocopy machine 复印机typewriter 打字机 scanner 扫描机证件类型student card 学生证 passport 护照passport photo(s) 护照照片 driving license 驾照bank statement 银行对账单借书规则borrow 借书 renew 续借book restoration due到期/overdue过期; overdue books 逾期未还书籍recall; recalled books 召回书籍 date of expiry;expired 到期pay fines 罚款 proofread 校对例题:For registration, must take two 1________________and two forms of I.D. e.g. driving license,2 ________________A:and y ou need to come into the library and fill out some forms, you’ll also need to bring two passport photos we also need two documents for I.D., a driving license would be fine.B:I’ve got that, what else? A credit card?A:No, it needs to have your address on it.B:Shall I bring a bank statement?A:Would that be fine?That’ll be fine.这样一道图书馆的题目就轻松完成了.只要大家考前做好充分的准备并在考试过程中集中精力去找信号词,获得有意义的信息点,相信会获得雅思听力高分的。
雅思听力高频场景词汇

雅思听力高频场景词汇第一部分(Section One)IELTS考试听力部分的Section One 一般为对话或会话之类的对答。
话题围绕社会生存的主题,有社会生活性的,如房产中介、租房、租车、预定房间、机场问讯、旅行安排、失窃报警、参加晚会、入学报到注册、办理图书证、办理请假手续、加入俱乐部、求职面试、参加义务劳工等;也有社会新闻性的,如一段现场采访(Interview )或市场调查(Survey),内容涉及到有关被采访人的学习、生活、工作习惯、个人经历以及被采访人对某一问题的看法和态度等。
在IELTS真题中,频繁出现在Section One的听力场景归纳如下:一、指示方向(指路)场景总汇be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across /to/through 径直走过(向,穿过)cross (over) 穿过(某条街道)be next to 紧邻turn left/right 左转(右转)go up /down 向上,向下go back /back up 往回走,回去,回到go east /west/south /north 向东(西,南,北)go on / along...till you meet 沿……一直走,直至你见到……be on one's left / right 在某处的左边(右边)be the first /second / third from the left / right 从左(顺)数第一(二,三)个directly opposite 和……相对be located behind / in front of 坐落在……的后面(前面)be on the corner of A street and B street 在A 街和B 街交叉础be in the corner of 在……的角落里ground floor (英)一层wing 配楼,建筑的一部分annex 配楼,建筑的附属建筑basement 地下室(半地下)层twin building 双子建筑landmark 标志性建筑block 由若干个建筑构成的建筑群,街区avenue /Ave. (城市的)大街,林荫道,林荫小路stair 楼梯step 台阶wheelchair access 无障碍通道aisle 过道intersection 十字路口a fork on the road 分叉路口a T road 丁字路口intersection / crossroads / junction / clover- leaf 立交桥二、住宿场景总汇accommodation 住宿,食宿homestay (指留学生与户主家一起居住以求互利的)住家住宿(方式)student hostel 学生公寓flat (英) 公寓的单元住房apartment (美)公寓的单元住房entrance hall 门厅,大堂lobby (公共场所入口处的)大厅,通道porch 走廊,门廊twin - bed room 有两张单人床的双人房double - bed room 有一张双人床的双人房bedroom 卧室,房间bedsit 卧室兼起居室share room 共用房间single room 单人房间bathroom 浴室(一般带有厕所)shower 淋浴balcony 阳台kitchen 厨房English proficiency 英语水平Intermediate 中等程度的,中等水平的Special food requirement 特殊食物要求Vegetarian / vegetable only 吃素的,吃斋的no red meat 不吃红色肉类(指羊肉、牛肉等)pets are not allowed 禁止养宠物non - smoker 不吸烟者non - drinker 不喝酒者maximum rent 最高租金dollar /$ 美元pound & 英镑deposit 按金,押金lease 租约,租赁expensive 昂贵的reasonable 合理的furnished (房间)配有家具的,配备家具的unfurnished 没有配备家具的facility 设施,设备heater 加热器,暖气机,炉子stove 烤炉microwave oven 微波炉air - conditioning 空调central air - conditioning 中央空调radiator 暖气片,暖气装置refrigerator 冰箱carpet 地毯electric fan 电扇telephone 电话colour TV set 彩电cooled / heated 制冷(制热)sheet / linen 床单blanket 毛毯,毯子cushion 垫子,坐垫,靠垫rent /rental price 租金,租房价格available 可用的,可入住的shared kitchen 公用厨房no privacy 没有隐私,没有私人空间road / rd. 路,大道,街道street / st . 路,街道avenue / ave. 大街,林荫道,林荫小路lane 小路,车道landlord 房东advertisement / Ads. 广告newspaper 报纸,报刊surroundings (房屋周围)环境downtown 市中心suburb 郊区,市郊rural area 乡村(地区)(not ) near the center /railway station (远离) 靠近市中心(火车站)far from the bus stop 远离汽车站near the airport 靠近机场noisy 吵闹的,有噪音的insects haunting 有蚊虫叮咬的repellant 讨人厌的,令人反感的三、描述人物相貌特征景总汇外貌一般特征beard 大胡子,络肋胡,下巴上的胡子moustache 小胡子,上唇上的胡子unshaven 未剃胡子的clean - shaven 刮过脸的,胡子刮得很干净的with a scar 一道疤痕(伤痕)a beauty - spot 美人痣with dimples 带酒窝的with spots 带斑的with wrinkles 有皱纹的with lines 有皱纹的with glasses 带眼镜的made - up 化妆的slim and tall 瘦高的weather - beaten face 饱经风霜的脸red cheeks 红脸颊big nose 大鼻子thick hair 浓密的头发twinkling eyes 亮晶晶的眼睛blond 金发碧眼的a big smile 满面笑容a jolly man 快乐的人头发颜色black 黑色brown 棕色red 红色blonde 金黄色grey 灰色white 白色dyed 染色的dark 深色发型long 长的short 短的straight 直的wavy 波浪形的curly 卷曲的neat 整齐的untidy 不整齐的with plaits 编辫子的swept back 向后梳的in a bun 圆发髻pony - tail 马尾巴发型bald 光秃的parted on the right side 右分头pigtail 辨子curly hair 卷发wavy hair 卷发straight hair 直发short hair 短头发long hair 长头发衣着wearing glasses / spectacles / lens 戴眼镜的wearing contact lenses 戴隐型眼镜的wearing jewelry 戴珠宝的formal dress 正式服装suit and tie 西装和领带casual dress 非正式服装jeans 牛仔服T - shirt T 恤衫loose - clothes 宽松服tight clothes 紧身服top 上衣pullover 套头毛衣be in red / green / dark / white / light 身着红(绿、黑、白、浅)色衣服suit (男)西服,(女)套装wear / be in tie 戴领带,打领带sweater 套头衫,毛衣,运动衫外形fat 肥胖的thin 瘦的slim 苗条的plump 丰满的medium- built 适中的,不胖不瘦的well - built 健壮的broad - shouldered 宽肩膀的overweight 肥胖的slender 苗条的,瘦长的stout 结实的,矮胖的stocky 粗壮的高度1. 70m tall 1.7米高medium height 不高不矮average height 一般高below average 较矮tall 高的short 矮的tallish 稍嫌高的shortish 稍嫌矮的small 矮小的年龄middle - aged 中年的elderly 老年的old 老的in his / her 30's 30 多岁in his / her late teens 青少年时期in his / her mid - 20's 25~26 岁in his / her early 40's 40 岁出头脸型thin 瘦脸long 长脸round 圆脸square 方脸high forehead 突前额high cheekbones 高颧骨thin lips 薄嘴唇full lips 厚嘴唇long nose 长鼻梁straight nose 直鼻梁turned - up nose 朝天鼻broken nose 鼻子坍塌a pointed chin 翘下巴double chin 双下巴眼睛blue 蓝色的grey 灰色的brown 棕色的black 黑色的green 绿色的long eyelashes 长睫毛bushy eyebrows 浓眉毛thin eyebrows 淡眉毛double eyelid 双眼皮肤色pale 苍白的sunburned / tanned 日晒后的颜色,棕褐色fair - skinned 白皮肤brown 棕色皮肤black 黑皮肤四、看病就医community hospital 社区医院campus clinic 校园诊所patient 病人feel dizzy 觉得头晕,头晕眼花drowsy 困倦的,昏昏欲睡的fatigue 疲乏,疲劳,劳累exhaustion 精疲力竭toothache 牙痛backache 背痛headache 头痛cough 咳嗽catch a cold 感冒have a fever / temperature 发烧,发热take the temperature 量体温,测体温feel one's pulse 号脉symptom 症状,病症take one's blood pressure 量血压pneumonia 肺炎liver trouble 肝脏毛病flu 流感have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a stuffed nose 鼻塞,流鼻涕doctor 医生consultant (医学)顾问,专家practitioner 从业医生specialist 专科医生,专家surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医prescribe 开(药),开处方give a prescription 开处方medicine 药,药物,医学,医药pill 药片,片剂,药丸tablet 药片,药丸mixture 混合(药剂)penicillin 青霉素antibiotic 抗生素get / receive an injection 注射,打针syrup 糖浆diet treatment 食疗pad 垫,衬垫,护垫vitamin 维生素,维他命aspirin 阿司匹林take medicine or pills before or after meals twice a day 饭前或饭后吃药,每天两次have an operation 动手术dental care 牙齿护理relaxation 娱乐,消遣,放松状态exercise 锻炼charge 收费,要价cost 花费,代价check - up 检查,体检receptionist 接待员consulting hours 就诊时间,看病时间make an appointment 预约五、假日出游安排(1)semester 学期break 放假,短期休息holiday 假期,假日go camping 去野营go swimming 去游泳go fishing 去钓鱼go horse - riding 去骑马go cycling 骑自行车游览do a part - time job 做兼职do some summer courses 参加暑期学习课程Royal Park 皇家公园Wild - life zoo 野生动物园beach 海滩,沙滩30 kilometers south of 在……南部30 公里coast 海岸hire boats / go boating / row boats 租船,去划船scuba diving 斯库巴潜水(戴自携式潜水呼吸器潜水)underwater life 海底生命national park 国家公园domestic animal 家畜equipment 器具,设备van 小货车a sleeping bag 睡袋bathers 泳装good hiking boots 结实的徒步旅行靴strong boots and socks 结实的靴和袜warm sweater 温暖的毛衣jacket for the evening 夜间穿的夹克衫rocky bluff 悬崖,陡壁waterfall 瀑布animals and birds 动物和鸟类sea creatures 海生物spectacular view 壮观的美景picnic 野餐,野炊barbecue 烧烤野餐book beds 预定床位youth hostel 青年施舍,青年招待所guide 向导,导游六、假日出游安排(2)finish our exams 考完试relaxation 放松,轻松exercise 锻炼,训练take some fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气recreation office 娱乐办公室brochure 广告小册子,宣传小册子excursion (通常是几个人结伴)短途旅行,远足riverboat trip 乘船河上游览bus trip 乘公共汽车出游boat trip 乘船出游expense 花费,开销expensive 昂贵的relaxing 令人放松的,令人轻松的horse riding 骑马cycling 骑自行车游hire 租用equipment 设备,器具riding helmet (骑自行车用)头盔,安全帽stable 马厩extra cost 额外花费mountain bike 山地车deposit 押金,定金;储蓄,存款return 归还,退还cycle hire place 自行车租车处assistant 管理员,助理,助手riverside drive 滨江大道railway station 火车站car park 停车场path 小路,小径marked with signs 标有指示牌picnic 野餐rent 租金the rate has gone up 涨价了pannier (挂在马或脚踏车两侧的)驮篮,挂篮,背篓checked regularly and well - maintained 定期检查和保养,良好的repair kit 一套修理工具recommend 推荐hill 小山,丘陵beach 沙滩,海滩energetic 精力充沛的,精神旺盛的cycling trac k单车道back pack 背包identification 身份,确认student card 学生证driver's license 驾驶执照fill in this form 填表names and addresses 姓名和地址contact telephone number 联系电话七、假日出游安排(3)travel agency 旅行社book the ticket 订票International Student Card 国际学生卡Student preference 学生优惠passport 护照visa 签证credit card 信用卡driving license / license 驾照travel agency 旅行社flight number 航班号check in 办理登机手续take off 起飞land 降落motel 汽车旅馆youth hostel 青年旅社,青年招待所expire (护照等的)满期,到期,过期platform 站台museum 博物馆souvenir 纪念品art gallery 画廊hiking 徒步旅行hitch - hike 搭便车旅行surfing 冲浪skiing 滑雪bag - packer 肩背大包进行自助旅行的人八、假日出游安排(4)book a flight 预订航班organize 组织stay through 住,小住(一段时间)accommodation 住宿five - star hotel 五星级宾馆pricy 昂贵的,价高的popular resort town 很受欢迎的游览胜地(城镇)check 检查accommodation directory 住宿名录簿book in advance 预订book a bed or room 预订床位或房间stay in a caravan site 投宿拖车式活动房stay in a hostel 投宿廉价旅舍cramped 拥挤的privacy 私人空间snorer 睡觉打呼噜的人,睡觉打鼾很厉害的人caravan park 拖车式活动房宿营地recommend 推荐white sands 白色沙滩go diving 去潜水barrier 障碍,屏障reef 悬崖,峭壁coral 珊瑚,珊瑚礁marine life 海洋生物magnificent 壮观的,壮丽的,view the reef 观赏悬崖glass - bottomed boat 玻璃底板船relax 放松,使轻松soak up the sun 泡太阳浴walk along the beach 沿着沙滩散步admire the sunset 赏日落warn sb of 警告go swimming 去游泳stinger 叮咬人的昆虫或动物jellyfish 水母,海蛰sting 叮,咬,蛰sunscreen 太阳伞beach towel 沙滩浴巾九、周末休闲(消遣)活动weekend 周末go to a pub 去酒吧wash one's car 洗车doing the laundry 洗衣服go out for brunch 外出吃早中餐read Sunday newspapers 读周日报刊sit in the garden over a cup of coffee 坐在花园喝咖啡play chess / game 下象棋,下棋a board game played by two persons / players 两人玩的棋盘light coloured piece 白色棋子dark coloured piece 黑色棋子rook (国际象棋中的)车bishop (国际象棋中的)象knight (国际象棋中的)马king (国际象棋中的)王queen (国际象棋中的)王后pawn (国际象棋中的)兵,卒chessboard 棋盘horizontal rows of squares across the board / ranks 棋盘上横排方格,横线格the rows of squares up and down / vertical rows / files 上下纵列方格,直线格lines of squares running diagonally / diagonals 沿对角线走的方格,斜对角线格rules to move pieces 走棋规则jump over pieces 走跳棋move in any direction, forwards ,backwards or to either side 按前后左右任何方向走棋move three squares at a time 一次走三格the aim of the game 下棋的目标trap your opponent's King 困住对手的大王escape being captured 躲避被抓checkmate 将军,败北,彻底击败the checking piece /pieces 将军棋子need a lot of practice 需要很多练习,操练十、电话预定农庄旅游小住farming accommodation 农庄住宿设施reservation 预定package tour 包团旅游tourist number 游客人数meeting room 会议室,接待室flooded 进洪水的,被洪水冲过的unavailable 不能使用的cook service 烹调服务inform in advance 预先通知(告知)activity 活动安排feed animals 给动物喂食organic farming 施用有机肥料耕种,不使用化肥的耕种information 信息,消息survival course 生存训练,生存锻炼find food by themselves 自己寻找食物rainy day 雨天,下雨天visit museum 参观博物馆rent bicycle 租借自行车cycling route 骑自行车游览路线pay all the fees and expenses 付清所有的费用deposit 押金,按金fill in a form 填表address 地址,地点postcode 邮政编码contact 联系(人)number (登记)编号十一、日常生活咨询及服务book 预订reservation 预订confirm a reservation 确认预订cancel 取消schedule / timetable 时间表,日程表restaurant 餐馆,酒家dining hall 就餐大厅,食堂canteen 餐厅,食堂café咖啡馆,茶餐厅cafeteria 自助餐厅(食堂)pub 酒吧,酒馆snack bar 小吃部,小食店first come,first serve 先来招待order 点(菜)dinner 用餐,吃饭appetizer 开胃小吃,开胃饮料soup 汤,菜汤salad 色拉dessert 甜食,甜品soft drink 软饮料coffee 咖啡tea 茶milk 奶,牛奶juice 果汁drive - in 汽车餐馆,汽车影院cinema 剧院,戏院fare 车费,票价admission ticket 入场券toll 通行费,使用费open ticket 单程票round - up ticket 双程票extra charge 额外收费,加收费vacant seat 空位,未被占座位non - stop train / coach / flight 直达列车(长途客车,飞机)arrival 到达,抵达departure 离开,出发destination 目的地window - shopping 逛街,逛商店shopping mall 购物中心department store 百货商店supermarket 超市dime store 杂货店shop assistant 售货员cashier 收银员,出纳free parking lot 免费停车场take a taxi 乘坐出租车十二、电话图书租借服务City Central Library 城市中心图书馆order 预定,预借send through the post or courier 用邮寄或专递派送get the form and take down some details 拿表格记下个人信息first name 名last / family name 姓capital letter 大写字母membership number 会员证号码address to send the items to 送件地址road / Rd. 路,马路,大道street/ Strt. 街,街道phone number 传真号码daytime phone number 日间电话号码home/ residential number 住宅电话号码a telephone request 电话索取prepare a short article for the environment watch section 为环保栏目写一篇短文local newspaper 地方报纸be quite concerned about the problems we're facing 非常关注我们所面临的问题publicize the problem 让公众知晓这个问题keep the books for 3 weeks 借书三周normal loan period 正常租借期限two - week extension 两周续借期allow a longer initial loan period 允许更长的首期租借时间allow for the delivery time 允许扣除邮寄的时间have the books for six weeks from the date of postage 从邮寄之日起租借六周renew by bringing them in for stamping 带回来盖戳后再续借reserve on the item 预借这本书(预先登记)pay the postage and photocopy fees 付邮资和影印费用accept both cash and credit card 既可用现金支付,也可用信用卡支付send a money order 用汇款单支付pay cash 支付现金get all that down 记下tell me the books your need 说出所需书目have them immediately available 可以即时借到have to wait a bit for them 需等一等才能借到author 作者publication date 出版日期title of the book 书名government publications 政府出版物government archives 政府档案馆put that aside for you 为你留着standard works 标准出版物out on loan 已出借put that on reserve 归为预借类inter - library loan service 图书馆际互借服务十三、电话失物报失police officer 警官police station 警察局report 报案,报告stolen briefcase 被盗的行李箱wallet 钱包personal details 个人信息spell 拼写address 地址flat 公寓套间,一套房road 路,大道number (街道)门牌号contact telephone number 联系电话double 双(写)triple 三个,三value 价值contents 内含物,内容rough estimate 粗略估计pound 英镑dollar 美元soft leather 软皮box - type 箱型的buckle 扣子,纽扣gold - plated 镀金的locked 锁上的distinguishing feature 显著特征marks or badges 标记,特征brand name 商标名bottom 底部left - hand corner 左边拐角scratch 划痕,抓痕,划伤,划破frustrating 令人沮丧的pocket 口袋platform 站台,平台crowded 拥挤的station 车站十四、目击者向警方报告抢动案witness 目击者,目击证人report 报告,报案robbery 抢劫,抢劫案policeman 警察theft 盗窃,偷盗happening place 案发地点in the street 在大街上West Street 西街thieves 'car 窃贼用车elderly women 老年妇女,年长妇女rob 抢劫,打劫wallet 钱包value 价值amount of money 钱的数额unhurt 没有受伤的,未被伤害的robber 抢劫犯,抢劫者appearance feature 外貌特征young thief 年轻的窃贼age 年龄curly black hair 黑色的卷发tall and slim 又高又瘦elder thief 年纪大的窃贼35 years old 35 岁distinguished feature 明显的特征a small scar 一道小疤痕in his chins 在他的下颌(下巴)上十五、旅游存款服务open an account 开(帐)户higher rate deposit account 高利率储蓄帐户advantage 优势,益处main feature 主要特征option 选择percent 百分比net 纯利,净收入gross 毛利,毛收入rate of interest 利率non - resident 非居民,非寄宿生bonus 奖金,奖励calculate 计算,推算,估算quarterly 按季(结算)的,每季的withdraw money (支)取钱cheque book 支票簿access 途径,通道branch (银行)分支,分理处,分部balance 作额reduce 减少,降低close the account 清(帐)户notice (清账户)通知十六、求职面试vacant position 待聘职位,职位空缺applicant 申请人advertisement 广告receptionist 接待员assistant 助理,店员job interview 求职面试interviewer 面试官interviewee 被面试人requirement 要求,必备条件experienced 有经验的,熟手的personnel manager 人事经理certificate 证书,证明qualification 资历,资格full - time job 全职工作international company 国际公司Ladies' Fashion 女装部Men's Wear 男装部Children's Wear 童装部appoint 指派,委派Young Set 青年套装Shop assistant 营业员cashier 收银员ask information about 询问有关……的信息job arrangements and benefits 工作安排和待遇commission 佣金salary 薪水,薪金wage 工资,报酬,酬金coffee time (15 minutes) 喝咖啡的休息时间(15分钟)lunch time (1 hour ) 午餐时间(1个小时)buying clothes at (25%) discount 买衣服可以打25%的折扣in the third year 在第3年have 4 weeks' holiday 有4周(带薪)假期fill in the from 填表department manager 部门经理office room 办公室boss 老板job responsibilities 工作职责widow dressing (商店的)橱窗布置,橱窗装饰,摆橱窗routine work 日常工作formal clothes 正式服装black skirt and red blouse 红罩衫配黑短裙training session 培训课程the 1st Tuesday of each month 每月的第一个星期二十七、市场问卷调查do some market research for 为……做市场调查television channel 电视频道work through this form 通过表格提问(调查)start with some personal background information 从个人背景信息开始respondent 受试者,被试者,被问卷调查者occupation 职业professional 专业人士business 生意age 年龄salary 薪水leave it blank 留空,空出,不填TV- watching habit 看电视的习惯help relax and unwind 有助于放松和大脑休息on average 平均breakfast time 早餐时间midnight 午夜programme 节目new bulletins 新闻快报comedy shows 喜剧影片factual programmes like news and documentaries 新闻或记录片之类的纪实节目local information 地方消息,当地新闻provide a service for the community 提供社区服务good quality stuff 高质量(水准)的东西director 导演specific advice 具体建议set up the channel 新开频道broadcast 广播sound system 音响系统interview 面试,访谈potential customer 潜在顾客commercial channel 商业频道tolerable to have adverts 容忍插播广告complain about 抱怨,投诉special promotions 特别促销活动make a note of 记下,记录mailing list 邮寄单name and address 姓名一地址第二部分(Section Two)IELTS考试听力部分的Section Two 通常为一段独白(Monologue),但有时也会出现一个生活或游乐专题访谈节目—主持人引导话题,被访者做主要描述。
雅思听力场景词汇-图书馆

雅思听力图书馆场景词汇library 图书馆librarian n/c 图书管理员 2. dues n/plural 应付费用:Robert failed to pay his dues last year. Overdue and pay a fine超期并交罚金3. catalog n/c 目录:a mail order catalog4. renewal n/u 更新,续借:the renewal of our annual licence / Mark's contract comes up for renewal at the end of this year.5. out on loan 借出的6. category n/c 种类:category ofThere are five categories of workers.people in the over-45 age categorySeats are available in eight of the 10 price categories .7. closed reserve 只借不读区8. circulation n. 流通:in/out of circulationPolice believe there are thousands of illegal guns in circulation.The book was taken out of circulation.in circulation 在书库里out circulation已经借走not for circulation 不外借9. classification n 分类:the classification of wines according to qualityThere are five job classifications.10. bibliography n参考书目11. periodical n. 期刊magazine/journal期刊12. reserve=book 预借13. interlibrary service 图书馆馆际服务14. open shelves 开架书库closed shelves 闭架书库15. check out 登记借出16. delivery desk 借书台=circulation desk17. recall system 图书馆查询系统18. call slip 借书证19. the stacks书库20 copy v复印photocopy, photocopier, photocopy office21. card index 卡片索引22. touch-screen information service 触屏信息查询系统23. overdue a. 超期的24. date of expiry 到期日25. fiction/non-fiction 小说/非小说26. atlas n/c 地图册27. magnetically coded 磁化的,有条形码的28. in stock有存货In answer to your recent inquiry, the book you mention is not in stock.29. reservation list 预约单30. prospectus n/c 学校宣传册;单页31. fly page/leaf 扉页32. retrieval n/u 检索: a new system that should speed up information retrieval33. current/back issue 现刊/过刊34. abstract n/c 论文摘要35. paperback n/c 平装本;简装本: a shelf full of paperbacks36. hardback/hardcover n/c/a 精装本: in hardback:His first novel sold over 40,000 copies in hardback.37. out of print 绝版: The book you want is out of print but you might find shop that still has a copy in stock. 38. library card 借书证39. circulation desk 借书台40. interlibrary service 馆际服务。
雅思听力场景词汇

场景词汇——银行 (Bank):¬ 账户open an account 开户 bank/pass book 存折savings account储蓄账户 cheque account 支票账户current account 活期账户 deposit account 定期账户monthly savings account 按月计息账户daily interest account 按天计息账户instant account速成户头 joint account 联名账户expense account 公款支付账户 signature card 签名卡credit card 信用卡 cash card 现金卡 debit card 借记卡cheque guarantee card 支票担保卡¬ 交易动作deposit 存款 draw/withdraw 取款 earn interest 赚取利息annual interest rate 年利率 service charge 服务费/手续费cheque book 支票簿 order cheque 记名支票blank cheque 空白支票 t raveler’s cheque 旅行支票exchange rate 汇率 denomination=face value 面额value/worth面值 bill 钞票 cash 现金password/code 密码 change 零钱 coin 硬币four in hundred 四张一百元面额 give the money in fives 换成五元面额amount in figures 小写金额 amount in words 大写金额the balance of your bank account 账户余额unit 货币单位 ounce 盎司 penny 便士nickel (美、加)的五分硬币 dime(美、加)的十分硬币service charge 服务费 commercial/merchant bank 商业银行full refund 全额偿还 extension 延期 overdraw/overdraft 透支pay slip/envelop 薪水单 by installment 分期付款debt 债务 loan 贷款 statement 对账单 money order 汇票cashier 收银员 teller/ clerk 银行职员 accountant 会计雅思4个7+的攻略--(2)听力篇转载 2015-01-17 14:29:02标签:听力雅思听力ielts雅思备考出国留学学习资料:剑桥真题4-9. 《IELTS考试技能训练教程:听力》不得不注明一下,雅思听力和托福听力真是大相径庭。
雅思听力高频八大场景词汇听力高分必备

雅思听力高频八大场景词汇听力高分必备今天为大家精选了近年雅思听力中最常见的词汇,熟练掌握这些词,可能比简单背诵一万个单词更有用。
下面小编给大家带来雅思听力高频八大场景词汇,千万不要错过!雅思听力高频八大场景词汇听力高分必备1 Listening situation: social events (section 2)雅思听力 section 2 中经常会考到一些社会事件,比如说会议、展览、节日等。
参加这些社会活动就需要通过网站、单页、通知版、广告等来了解活动的信息、日程安排、主题等详细信息。
一些大型会议和活动学生是可以选择参加的,而且还提供住宿和餐饮,一切都只需要在注册的时候声明并且缴纳相应的费用即可。
Events: Convention, exhibition, conference, festival, expositionExamples: Australian retailers’ convention, art exhibition, business conference, summer music festival, drama festival, travel exposition, world expo, cartoon exhibition, flower exhibition, auto showPublicity: website/internet, leaflets, flyers, notice board, posters, advertisements, good for a family, children, adult, senior citizensTransportation: bus, taxi, cab, subway, tube, coach, parking problemsAgenda: dates, timetableFocus/theme: music/live music, art, ballet, clothes, drama, food, business, demonstration, comics, flower arrangement, biscuitsCelebration: parade, dance, chorus, music bandCatering: café, restaurant, pub, cafeteria, canteen, refectory, dining room, refreshments, snacks, takeout, takeaway, set lunch,barbecueSecurity: security entrance, security office, security personnel/staff, fire exit, lockers, Check ID, video surveillance, cameras, crowded, children easily get lost2 Listening situation: environment (section 2/4)这类单词都是比较专业和难掌握的,这里并不是需要大家全部记忆下来,但起码要做到对发音和中文意思比较敏感,这样才会对全文的听力内容有一个较好的把握。
雅思听力十大场景词汇

Microfilm Library
微缩胶卷库,
multimedia resources
多媒体资源
electro nic directory
电子电话簿
tape recorder
录音机
photocopy ing facilities
复印设施
lecture room(hall/theatre)
教室
academic tale nts
费用
expenses
消费
rent
租金
ren tal
租金
bill
账单
price list
价目表
annual subscription fee
年费
joi ning fee
加入费
mi nimum let
最低租金(租期)
travelers&rsq uo;cheque
旅行支票
money problem
钱的问题
银行
cashier
出纳员
curre ncy
货币
in itial
用姓名的首字母签名
teller
出纳员
tran sact ion
交易
in sura nee
保险
credit card
信用卡
saving
存款
low-i nterest loa n
低息贷款
bus in ess centre
商务中心
bank acco unt
单元课程
time/stress man ageme nt
时间/压力管理
leisure time
休闲时间
trial sessi on
剑桥6听力场景词汇

剑桥雅思6听力场景词汇Test 1 ListeningSection 1membership n. 会员资格facility n. 设备tennis court 网球场primarily adv. 主要地badminton n. 羽毛球vice-versa 反之亦然keep-fit studio 健身房judo n. 柔道kick-boxing 跆拳道yoga n. 瑜伽bar n. 通过柜台出售某类食品的处所salad bar 色拉吧fully-licensed restaurant 经营项目齐全的饭馆be keen on 热衷于某事物option n. 选择权scheme n. 组合subscription fee 会员费bronze n. 铜weekday n. (除周末以外的)任何一天assessment n. 评定trial n. 试验,考验table tennis 乒乓球polo n. 马球water polo 水球skiing n. 滑雪water skiing 滑水gym n. 健身房,体育馆jogging n. 慢跑weight training 力量性训练aerobics n. 有氧运动stadium n. 体育场hi-tech fitness center 高科技健身中心squash n. 壁球cricket n. 板球Rugby n. 英式橄榄球golf n. 高尔夫球bowling n. 保龄球billiard house 台球厅pool n. 普尔(美式落袋台球)snooker n. 斯诺克(英式落袋台球)hockey n. 曲棍球ice hockey 冰球skating n. 滑冰roller blade 单排轮滑baseball n. 棒球softball n. 垒球beach volleyball 沙滩排球soccer n. 足球martial art 武术wrestling n. 摔跤karate n. 空手道boxing n. 拳击Section 2foyer n. 休息室,大厅box office 售票处reorient v. 使适应premise n. 前提audience n. 观众auditorium n. 礼堂leg-room n. (飞机、汽车、影剧院)座位前伸腿的空间row n. 排,行air conditioning n. 空气调节装置wheelchair n. 轮椅meet demand 妥协,让步efficient adj. 有效率的,能干的dressing room n. 更衣室,(尤指后台)化妆室convert v. 使转变,转换airy adj. 通风的state-of-the-art 最先进的production n. 作品,(研究)成果run v. 经营curtain n. 窗帘,门帘emergency/fire gate n. 紧急出口lift n. 升降梯elevator n. 升降梯escalator n. 扶梯,滚梯shutter n. 百叶窗blinder n. 百叶窗radiator n. 暖气central heating 中央暖气系统lobby n. 大堂lift lobby 电梯前室scenery n. 舞台布景spotlight n. 聚光灯wing n. 侧面stage n. 舞台footlights n. 脚灯aisle n. 通道upper circles 上层楼厅balcony n. 楼厅包厢dressing circles 下层楼厅pit n. 乐池front stalls 正厅前座box n. 包厢proscenium n. 幕前部分Peter Shaffe 彼得·谢弗当代英国重要剧作家Section 3tutor n. 指导教师enroll v. 参加,注册recommend v. 推荐integrate v. 使成整体,使一体化,结合in advance 预先reading list 书单case study 案例研究session n. 会议,开庭facility n. 设备in particular 特别presumably adv. 大概refectory n. 餐厅cater for 提供饮食及服务allergy n. 过敏provided conj. 倘若eligible adj. 合格的nursery n. 托儿所be supervised by 被……监督reference material 参考资料guidance n. 指导one-to-one basis 一对一辅导fitness center 健身中心annual fee 年费stock n.&v. 库存journal n. 定期刊物,杂志audio-visual adj. 视听教学的cassette n. 盒式磁带password n. 密码resource n. 资源manual n. 指南,手册enrollment n. 登记self-study n. 自学computer-based 以计算机为基础的laptop n. 笔记本电脑printer n. 打印机queue up 排队等待individual n. 个人discount n. 折扣Section 4aspect n. 方面east end (英国)伦敦东区,东伦敦Thames n. 泰晤士河(流经牛津、伦敦等)farmland n. 农田crop n. 农作物livestock n. 家畜,牲畜Roman n. 罗马人onward adv. 向前invasion n. 入侵tribe n. 部落Denmark n. 丹麦(北欧国家,首都哥本哈根)Anglo-Saxon n. 盎格鲁撒克逊人Jute n. 朱特人(住在日德兰半岛的古代日耳曼部落)metal n. 金属leather n. 皮革precise adj. 精确的conquer v. 占领prosperous adj. 繁荣的restriction n. 限制newcomer n. 新到的移民merchant n. 商人money-lender n. 放款者,放债者dock n. 码头alternative adj. 选择性的,二中择一的semi-rural 半乡村的a series of 一连串的settlement n. 定居地accommodation n. 住处marshland n. 沼泽地drain v. 排干poverty n. 贫穷appalling adj. 令人震惊的sanitary adj. 清洁的,卫生的tenant n. 房客damp n. 湿气Test 2 ListeningSection 1workshop n. 实践课程班arts and crafts 工艺美术,手工艺upwards adv. 以上accompany v. 陪伴button n. 按钮label v. 标注best bet 最好的办法reference n. 涉及castle n. 城堡glue n. 胶mucky adj. 肮脏的bottle top 瓶盖decoration n. 装饰undersea world 海底世界cavern n. 洞窟splash n. 溅,飞溅,斑点session n. (进行某活动连续的一段)时间wood-carving 木雕drawing board 画板palette n. 调色板carving n. 雕刻pottery n. 陶器weave v. 编织Section 2commuter n. 通勤者regional adj. 地方的regular train (时刻表规定的)定期列车refreshments n. 点心,饮料,茶点open ticket 未确定具体时间的车票restriction n. 限制,约束valid adj. 有效的mining n. 采矿,矿业theme park (游乐园中的)主题乐园excursion n. 远足,游览,短程旅行mainline n. 干线,主线alternatively adv. 作为选择,二者择一地acclaim v. 欢呼,称赞aquarium n. 水族馆anticipate v. 预期,期望express train 特别快车waiting lounge 候车室platform n. (车站)月台carriage n. 车厢berth n. 卧铺castle n. 城堡ancient temple 古庙cathedral n. 大教堂botanical garden 植物园amusement park 游乐园organic farm 有机农场valley n. 峡谷waterfall n. 瀑布hot spring 温泉resort n. 旅游胜地Section 3dissertation n. (学位)论文tutorial n. 个人指导课target n. 目标promising adj. 有希望的worthwhile adj. 值得做的survey n. 概观checklist n. 清单discipline n. 学科cite v. 引用,引证,提名表扬draft n. 草稿index card 索引卡deadline n. 截止日期embark v. 从事assessment n. 评估handout n. 分发的印刷品assignment n. 作业presentation n. 专题发言project n. 课题,项目thesis n. 毕业论文essay n. 短论文extension n. 延期participation n. 课堂参与情况quiz n. 小测验oral test 口试open-book exam 开卷考试pop test 抽考placement test 入学分级考试aptitude test 学能测试attendance n. 出勤exemption n. 免休re-sit v. 重考,补考report n. 报告reference n. 参考书目bibliography n. 参考书目plagiarism n. 剽窃,抄袭booklist n. 书单Section 4hoof n. 蹄gallop v. 飞驰primitive adj. 原始的motion picture 电影projection n. 投影放映device n. 装置rival n. 竞争者cinematography n. 电影术tendency n. 趋向tension n. 拉紧,压力reel n. 卷轴,(磁带等的)一盘snap v. 突然折断sensation n. 轰动faint n. 昏晕,昏倒craze n. 狂热talkie n. (口)有声电影subtitle n. 说明对白的字幕compensate v. 偿还,补偿thriller n. 惊悚片comedy n. 喜剧documentary n. 纪录片action n. 动作musical adj. 音乐的western adj. 西方的romance n. 拉丁语系的screen n. 电影屏幕script n. 电影剧本silent film 无声电影cast n. 演员表close-up n. 特写镜头starring adj. 由……主演的copy n. 拷贝,复制setting n. 布景rushes (未经剪辑的电影)样片dub v. 为(影片)配音Test 3 ListeningSection 1current account 活期存款账户deposit account 定期存款账户joint account 两人共有的银行账户occupation n. 职业project manager 项目管理人(经理)identity n. 身份minimum adj. 最低的sum n. 金额transfer v. 转存statement n. 结算单,对账单register v. 注册credit card 信用卡Master Card 万事达卡Visa Card 维萨卡American Express Card 美国运通卡money order 汇票loan n. 贷款special concession 特殊优惠mortgage n. 按揭贷款overdraft n. 透支ATM 自动存取款机interest rate 利率withdraw v. 取deposit v. 存activate v. 激活PIN n. 密码account n. 账户traveller’s cheque 旅行支票cash n. 现金currency n. 流通货币cheque n. 支票chequebook n. 支票本Section 2hesitation n. 犹豫devastate v. 使极为悲痛、忧伤haven n. 港口,避难所mullioned adj. 有竖框的sandstone n. (地)砂岩tile n. 瓷砖chimney stack n. 大烟囱clay n. 黏土oak n. 橡树orchard n. 果园pear n. 梨alley n. 小巷exotic adj. 异国情调的mulberry n. 桑树wander v. 漫步purchase v. 购买souvenir n. 纪念品refreshment n. 点心,饮料estate n. 不动产,财产signpost n. 路标v. 设置路标footbridge n. 步行桥woodland n. 树林water mill 水磨stunning adj. 极好的viewpoint n. 观景点energetic adj. 精力充沛的attic n. 阁楼basement n. 地下室,墙脚cellar n. 地下室wing n. 配楼 / 建筑的一部分annexe n. 配楼 / 附属建筑landmark n. 标志性建筑Section 3entertainment n. 娱乐industry n. 行业questionnaire n. 问卷interview n. 访谈preference n. 偏爱contrast v. 使与……对比medium n. 方法,媒体,媒介concert n. 音乐会pub n. 酒馆hall n. 礼堂live music 现场音乐opera house 歌剧院karaoke bar 卡拉OK厅time-scale n. (过程、操作等的)连续阶段disco n. 以唱片伴奏的小舞厅blockbuster n. 大片folk song 民歌classic music 古典音乐have it blank 可以不填survey n. 调查poll n. 民意调查feedback n. 反馈case study 案例研究hypothesis n. 假设data n. 数据(单数为datum)valid adj. 有效的invalid adj. 无效的statistics n. 统计respondent n. 被调查者Section 4neolithic adj. 新石器时代hypothesis n. 假设considerable adj. 相当大(或多)的archaeological adj. 考古学的continental adj. 大陆的scattered adj. 分散的tend v. 护理sustain v. 支撑descend v. 遗传breeding n. 繁殖,饲养stock n. 储备量exceed v. 超越herd n. 兽群colonise v. 把(某地区)开拓为殖民地fleet n. 舰队barley n. 大麦accidentally adv. 偶然地,意外地botanist n. 植物学家plough n. 犁blade n. 刀刃,刀片excavation n. 挖掘,发掘cultivation n. 培养,耕作husbandry n. 农牧业shelter n. 掩蔽处,庇护所permanent adj. 永久的,持久的dwelling n. 住处exploit v. 开发,开采,使用quarry n. 采石场chip v. 削成grind v. 磨(碎),碾(碎)ample adj. 充足的,丰富的innovation n. 改革,创新pottery n. 陶器clay n. 黏土,泥土hollow v. 挖空,弄凹retain v. 保持,保留,容纳glaze v. 上釉,使表面光滑fragment n. 碎片,断片decoration n. 装饰stitch v. 缝,缝合n. 一针,针脚,缝针imitation n. 模仿,仿造者vessel n. 容器,器皿sew v. 缝制watertight adj. 不漏水的Test 4 ListeningSection 1conference n. 会议cheque n. 支票accommodation n. 住处delegate n. 代表demand n. 要求reasonable adj. 合理的application form 申请书,申请表agenda n. 议程single room 单人房twin room 双人房(两张单人床)double room 双人房(一张双人床)suite n. 套房lounge n. 休息室receipt n. 收据Section 2stamp v. 盖戳,压印publicity n. 公开leaflet n. 传单distribute v. 分发,分配staff vt. 充当职员n. 职员booth n. 货摊,售货亭,棚hospitality n. 殷勤待客chef n. 厨师attendant n. 服务员temporary adj. 暂时的tax form 纳税申报表格presentation n. 介绍,陈述buffet n. 自助餐T-shirt n. t恤衫bow tie 领结trousers n. 裤子sandal n. 凉鞋sweater n. 厚运动衫,毛线衫vacant position 空缺职位applicant n. 申请人job interview 求职面试personnel manager 人事经理full-time job 全职工作part-time job 兼职工作challenging adj. 富有挑战的salary n. 薪水wage n. 工资commission n. 佣金day shift 日班night shift 夜班pension n. 退休金window dressing 布置橱窗cashier n. 收银员Section 3database n. 数据库reference n. 参考,参考书目sociology n. 社会学periodical n. 期刊,杂志back issue 过期刊物primary adj. 初级的renew v. 续借maximum n. 最大量,最大限度overdue adj. 过期的provided conj. 倘若recall v. 召回dissertation n. (学位)论文convention n. 管理,习惯bibliography n. 参考书目extension n. 续借后的延长期due adj. 到期available adj. 可借阅的librarian n. 图书管理员circulation desk 借书台loan period 借书期current issues 即期刊物call slip 索书单interlibrary service 图书馆馆际服务journal n. 杂志(特指学术期刊)date of expiry 到期日retrieval n. 检索out on loan 借出去了reservation list 预约单reference book section 工具书阅览室stacks n. (图书馆的)书架catalogue n. 目录Section 4habitat n. 栖息地Asiatic adj. 亚洲的split v. 分离roam v. 漫游,闲逛mane n. 鬃毛sanctuary n. 禁猎区,保护区ever-present adj. 经常存在的vulnerable adj. 易受攻击的,易受伤害的gene n. 基因descended adj. 从一个祖先传下来的prince n. 王子vitality n. 活力,生命力drought n. 干旱,缺乏leadership n. 领导能力,领导阶层beast n. 兽squirrel n. 松鼠toad n. 蟾蜍tiger n. 虎snake n. 蛇elephant n. 大象parrot n. 鹦鹉marsupial n. 有袋动物pouch n. (袋鼠等的)育儿袋migrant bird 候鸟mammal n. 哺乳动物rare lion 稀有狮子dinosaur n. 恐龙reptile n. 爬行动物swan n. 天鹅safari park 能开车进去的野生动物园kiwi n. 几维鸟bat n. 蝙蝠crocodile n. 鳄鱼shark n. 鲨鱼falcon n. 猎鹰whale n. 鲸dolphin n. 海豚penguin n. 企鹅ostrich n. 鸵鸟emu n. 鸸鹋lizard n. 蜥蜴koala n. 考拉,树袋熊kangaroo n. 袋鼠rare species 稀有物种endangered species 濒危物种。
雅思听力图书馆场景词汇

雅思听力图书馆场景词汇雅思听力图书馆场景词汇公共图书馆是一个供人借阅书籍,并阅读的地方。
下面是店铺分享的关于图书馆的雅思英语词汇,希望能对大家有所帮助!photocopier n. 复印机laser printer 激光打印机Dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机mainframe n. 主机,大型计算机monitor n. 监督器, 班长, 监听员, [计算机]显示器, 监视器 v. 监视, 监听, 监督button n. 钮扣,徽章,像纽扣的东西,未成熟的蘑菇,按钮 vt. 用纽扣装饰,钉纽扣,闭嘴 vi. 扣上keyboard n. 键盘 vt. 用键盘输入(信息)modem 调制解调器cable n. 电缆,海底电报 vt. 打海底电报,把...拧成缆,用缆捆住 vi. 打海底电报mouse n. 老鼠,鼠标,胆小如鼠的人,乌青色的肿块 vi. 捕鼠,蹑手蹑脚行动 vt. 仔细寻找hard disk n.硬盘floppy disk n. [计]软盘disc n. 圆盘,[电子] 唱片(等于disk) vt. 灌唱片memory n. 记忆,内存,回忆software n. 软件copyright adj. 版权(的) n. 版权,著作权prospectus n.内容说明书; (即将出版的书等的)内容介绍,简介; 计划书,意见书; (讲义等的)大纲website n. 网站online n.联机, 在线recorder n. 记录员,记录器(录音机等) n. (英国某些市镇的)首席法官,市法院法官 n. 竖笛headphone n. 头戴式收话器, 双耳式耳机open n. 公开,户外,空旷 adj. 开着的,开放的,公开的 vt. 打开,公开,开放,开始 vi. 开, 通行,大叫magnetize vt. 使磁化, 吸引,诱惑information desk 服务台delivery n. 递送, 交付, 分娩opening time n. (商店、银行、酒吧等的)开始营业时间;(图书馆等的)开门时间librarian n. 图书管理员lock n.锁; 水闸,船闸; (机器部件等的.)锁定; 一把,一撮 vt.锁上; 锁好,关好; 使固定; 隐藏 vi.卡住,不动; 纠结; 僵硬不动folder n. 文件夹,折叠者,折叠式印刷品Forbes n. 《财富(福布斯)》杂志 n. 福布斯(姓氏)guardian n. 保护人, 监护人observer n. 观察者independent adj. 独立的, 自主的,私立的,无偏见的 n. 独立派人士, 无党派者times n. 时间,期限,次数,乘 vt. 为...安排时间,计时,定时,乘 [计算机] DOS命令 : 显示并允许改变系统时间 adj. 根据时间的, 时间上的laptop n. 便携式电脑, 笔记本电脑screen n.屏幕; 银幕; 屏风 vt.筛(煤、矿石等); 拍摄; 放映(电影); 庇护printer n. 打印机,印刷工scanner n. 扫描机, 扫描仪type n.类型; 铅字; (印刷或打印的)文字; 于…类型的vt.& vi.打字vt.[医学]测定(血型); 按类型把…归类; 成为…的典型; [印刷]浇铸(铅字等) 【雅思听力图书馆场景词汇】。
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雅思听力真题场景词汇六、library
雅思听力场景对于雅思听力的重要性毋庸置疑,本文是与library相关的雅思听力场景词汇,分享给大家,希望对大家有所帮助。
图书馆是雅思听力中经久不衰的场景之一,建议大家应该把握住图书馆的基本布局和功能、完整的借阅流程、以及图书馆所藏的素材。
除了上课以外,图书馆应该是学生待的时间最长的地方了。
国外的书籍价格还是比较高的,尤其是一些专业书籍,所以图书馆比较受欢迎也就理所应当了。
registration: information desk, information sector, librarian desk
registration fee, membership fee
ID documents: passport, visa, student card, library card, driver’s license,credit card, bank statement, phone bill, Identity card, C.V. letter Library card, borrower’s card, reader’s card, electronic card, PIN,password
Books: fiction, reference books, technical books, leisure books, notion,academic
Periodicals: magazines, journals Current issues, back issues
Technical Resources: photocopying machine, photocopier, color, white andblack photocopier, printer, laser printer, card, coin, internet access,computers, laptops
Electronic, digital: CD, DVD, VCD, videos, tapes, cassettes, CD-ROM Recall system: catalogue (title, author, press, category) , call slip,librarian
Circulation: borrow, loan, return, renew, overdue, fine, reserve
Loan time: weeks, months (up to 4 weeks, maximum loan time)
Training classes: research methods, IT, computer software, dissertationwriting。