中国文化与翻译

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中国传统文化与翻译(英文)

中国传统文化与翻译(英文)

人家是醋罐子,他是醋缸,醋瓮!
(《红楼梦》第六十五回)
If other women are jealous, she’s hundred times so.
Practice
6. “心里正在想他,他就来了!”秦守本搓着手掌说。“嘴说曹操,曹操就到!”熟悉戏文的安兆丰接着说。 (吴强《红日》第45节)
后不见来者。
念天地之悠悠,
独怆然而涕下。
I therefore said to you that the greatest thing which Confucius has done for the Chinese people is that he gave them the true idea of a State – a true, rational, permanent, and absolute basis of a State, and in giving that, he made it a religion, -- a State religion.
“Talk of Tsao Tsao and he is sure to appear!” added An Chao-feng, who knew all the operas.
By A.C.Barnes
7.“Can this be another absurd maid come to bury flowers like Taiyu?” he wondered in some amusement. “If so, she’s Tung Shih imitating Hsi Shih.” (Hsi Shih was a famous beauty in the ancient Kingdom of Yueh,Tung Shih was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her way which isn’t original but rather tiresome.)

中国文化与汉英翻译(自谦)

中国文化与汉英翻译(自谦)

例2
一见面是寒暄,寒暄之后说我“胖了”,说
我“胖了”之后即大骂其新党。(《祝福》) fatter After exchanging a few polite remarks when we met, he observed that I looked “fat”, and having made that complimentary remarks he started a violent attack on the revolutionaries.
常用His/Her Majesty, His/Her Highness, His/Her Honour, His Lordship, Her Ladyship , Reverend []… 汉语中的他成称谓,常用敬辞“令”或“尊” 冠于官职名或亲属称谓前构成尊称。如:令堂 大人、令尊、尊夫人、令郎、令爱、令嫒
1. 讲辈份,长幼有序
(高祖、曾祖、祖、父、子、孙、曾孙、玄孙)
2. 重性别,男女分明
(表哥,表姐,堂兄、堂妹等)
3. 分血缘,内外有别 (祖父,外公;孙子,外孙)
称谓翻译策略
一、具体与泛化 大奶奶是个佛爷,也不中用。二姑娘更不中用,亦且不是这 屋里的人。四姑娘小呢。

Madam Zhu is too saintly to be of any use either. And Yingchun’s even worse, aspect from the fact that she doesn’t belong to our house. Xichun’s still too young.
例3
如果不向女主人打个招呼,那孔碧霞会伤心的。孔 碧霞和她女儿还在忙着,听说我要走,有点儿扫兴: “啊呀, 大概是我做的菜不好吧, 不合你的口 味!” (陆文夫:《美食家》) Kong would be very hurt if I didn’t say goodbye to her. Kong and her daughter were still busy cooking. When she heard I was leaving, she was disappointed. “Oh, perhaps you don’t like my cooking, not to your palate.” 翻译策略:改换人称

浅谈中国文化在英语语言学翻译中的体现

浅谈中国文化在英语语言学翻译中的体现

教育教学jiao yu jiao xue107浅谈中国文化在英语语言学翻译中的体现◎陈才竹摘要:在英语语言学翻译中不仅仅要实现翻译内容的精准性,还要传达出内容背后的文化内涵。

本文重点分析了中国文化在英语语言学翻译中的几点具体体现。

关键词:中国文化;英语语言学;翻译体现如何能够在确保翻译精准度的同时体现出其背后的历史文化内涵是当前英语语言翻译从业者所需要重点考虑的问题。

一、中国历史文化在英语语言学翻译中的体现中国是一个有着十分悠久历史的国家,尽管在漫长的发展过程中,很多语言形式以及文字形式都发生了很大的变化,但是由于历史文化所带来的深远影响,很多传统的文化与思想依然根植于很多人的脑海深处。

尤其是一些经典的传统历史时期或者历史人物,一直到今天都能够为我们的工作和学习乃至社会的发展和进步提供启发。

而在进行英语语言学翻译的过程中,针对这部分内容是很难做到翻译的“信、达、雅”的,一方面是部分词汇背后蕴含的文化背景过于深厚,仅凭一个单词是很难真正传达出其内涵的;另一方面则是某些特定词汇在理解起来就存在一定的难度,翻译的难度自然不言而喻。

比如,以中国历史上比较经典的历史时期和历史事件——“诸子百家争鸣”为例,在进行英语语言学翻译的过程中,要在精准传达相关词汇的含义的同时,还能够交代清楚其历史背景才是最为关键的。

在这个过程中,很多翻译者通常都会采用“汉语借词”的方式来进行语义的精准传达。

以下面这句话为例“春秋战国时期在中国历史上是一个能够促进中国文化繁荣发展的时期,也是中国历史上的社会大变革时期。

在这个阶段,出现了老子、孔子、孟子、庄子以及韩非子等大思想家。

这些思想家分别从不同的角度出发,对当时的社会阐述了自己的见解,并逐渐形成了以道家、儒家、法家和墨家为主的众多派别,在中国历史上被称之为诸子百家。

”其中关于这段文字的翻译为“The Spring and Autumn and Warring Statesperiods, the era promoted the prosperity of Chinese culture. During theperiods, many great thinkers appeared, such as Laozi, Confucius,Mencius, Xunzi and Han Feizi. They stated their views and graduallyformed schools of philosophy, such as Taoism, Confuciannism,Mohism, which were called Hundred Schools of Thoughts.”在这一段落的具体翻译过程中就采用了被英文词典收录的关于中国英语式的汉语借词,其中包括孔子、道家以及儒家等词汇。

中国文化与翻译3Chinese_Culture_andTranslationPPT课件

中国文化与翻译3Chinese_Culture_andTranslationPPT课件
2) Inner Mongolia Plateau, the Loess Plateau, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the Tarim Basin(塔里 木盆地), the Junggar Basin (准噶尔盆地 )and Sichuan Basin; (1000m-2000m)
National Capital
• On September 27, 1949, BeiPing was renamed as Beijing and became capital of the PRC.
• Beijing is not only the nation’s political centre, but also serves as its economic, scientific amd cultural heart.
National Day
• Chinese celebrate October 1 as National Day in honour of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) on October 1, 1949.
National Flag
3) The Northeast Plain(东北平原), the North China Plain(华北平原) and the Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain(长江中下游 color of the flag symbolizes revolution and the yellow color of the stars the golden brilliant rays radiating from the vast red land.

中国文化与翻译 Chinese Culture and Translation

中国文化与翻译  Chinese Culture and Translation

ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ • • • • •
1. Ecology生态学, 2. Material Culture物质文化, 3. Social Culture社会文化, 4. Religious Culture宗教文化, 5. Linguistic Culture语言文化。 这五类显然包括物质和意识形态两个 领域,亦即物质文明和精神文明两大方面。

这一定义显然排除了物质文明发展水平的 高低,而是指人类的精神文明或精神成果的总 和,包括艺术、传统、习惯、社会风俗、道德 伦理、法的观念和社会关系等。 • 据上所述,不管是广义的文化还是狭义的 文化部包括许多方面。所谓翻译,无非是通过 一种语言转达另一语言的文化信息,因此可以 说任何翻译都离不开文化。历来有经验的译者 或翻译研究者都比较注意文化与翻译的关系。 王佐良说:“……翻译者必须是一个真正意义 的文化人。人们全说:他必须掌握两种语言, 确实如此;但是,不了解语言当中的社会文化, 谁也无法真正掌握语言。”(《翻译中的文化 比较》, 1984.1.《翻译通讯》)。

在英语中,就学习一门语言有这样 一种说法:“Learning a language is a kind of learning the culture and habit of the country where the language is spoken‖。就 翻译而言,我们也可依此说法而下这样 的结论:Translating a source language text is a kind of translating the source language culture and habit of the country where the source language is spoken.

中国传统文化与翻译

中国传统文化与翻译

翻译者必须是一个真正意义的文化人。 ------王佐良
如同在做心脏手术时人们不能忽略心脏以 外的身体其他部分一样,我们在翻译时也不能冒 险将翻译的言语内容和文化分开来处理。 ------英国翻译理论家Susan Bassnett
巧媳妇做不出没米的饭,叫我怎么样呢? Y: “Even the cleverest housewife can‟t cook a meal without rice. What do you expect me to do?”
一见面是寒暄,寒暄之后说我“胖了”, 说我“胖了”之后即大骂其新党。(鲁迅《祝 福》)
When we met, after exchanging a few polite remarks, he said I was fatter, and after saying that he immediately started a violent attack on the revolutionaries. After exchanging a few polite remarks when we met, he observed that I looked fat, and having made that complimentary remark he started a violent attack on the
H: One of these days when I get my temper up I m going to lay into that jealous bitch and break every bone in her body. Then perhaps she‟ll know who‟s master round here.

中国文化与汉英翻译(自谦)

中国文化与汉英翻译(自谦)
We are looking forward to suggestions and comments for improvement from our users.
价值观念与翻译
价值观念是民族心理文化的重要组成部分, 深深地根植于人们的思想观念之中,价值观 念由于依附于不同的民族文化而具有鲜明的 民族性。反映在语言上,某些词义在一种民 族文化中是褒义的,到了另一文化中却是贬 义的或是中性的;在一种文化环境中可以接 受或受人欢迎,而在另一文化环境中却难以 使人接受或令人讨厌。语言翻译过程中词义 的跨文化差异值得我们注意。
翻译策略:改换人称
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
例4
水平有限,时间仓促,难免谬误,敬希指正。 限于学识浅陋,水平有限,书中错误或不妥
之处在所难免,诚望专家、同行和读者赐教 指正。
Suggestions and comments for improvement will be gratefully received.
(高祖、曾祖、祖、父、子、孙、曾孙、玄孙)
2. 重性别,男女分明
(表哥,表姐,堂兄、堂妹等)
3. 分血缘,内外有别 (祖父,外公;孙子,外孙)
称谓翻译策略
一、具体与泛化
大奶奶是个佛爷,也不中用。二姑娘更不中用,亦且不是这 屋里的人。四姑娘小呢。
Madam Zhu is too saintly to be of any use either. And Yingchun’s even worse, aspect from the fact that she doesn’t belong to our house. Xichun’s still too young.
中国文化与汉英翻译

中国传统文化翻译解读

中国传统文化翻译解读

1. 元宵节:Lantern Festival2. 刺绣:embroidery3. 重阳节:Double-Ninth Festival4. 清明节:Tomb sweeping day5. 剪纸:Paper Cutting6. 书法:Calligraphy7. 对联:(Spring Festival) Couplets8. 象形文字:Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9. 人才流动:Brain Drain/Brain Flow10. 四合院:Siheyuan/Quadrangle11. 战国:Warring States12. 风水:Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13. 铁饭碗:Iron Bowl14. 函授部:The Correspondence Department15. 集体舞:Group Dance16. 黄土高原:Loess Plateau17. 红白喜事:Weddings and Funerals18. 中秋节:Mid-Autumn Day19. 结婚证:Marriage Certificate20. 儒家文化:Confucian Culture21. 附属学校:Affiliated school22. 古装片:Costume Drama23. 武打片:Chinese Swordplay Movie24. 元宵:Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25. 一国两制:One Country, Two Systems26. 火锅:Hot Pot27. 四人帮:Gang of Four28. 《诗经》:The Book of Songs29. 素质教育:Essential-qualities-oriented Education30. 《史记》:Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31. 大跃进:Great Leap Forward (Movement)32. 《西游记》:The Journey to the West33. 除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34. 针灸:Acupuncture35. 唐三彩:Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36. 中国特色的社会主义:Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37. 偏旁:radical38. 孟子:Mencius39. 亭/阁:Pavilion/ Attic40. 大中型国有企业:Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41. 火药:gunpowder42. 农历:Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺:Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设:The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45. 京剧:Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46. 秦腔:Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47. 太极拳:Tai Chi48. 独生子女证:The Certificate of One-child49. 天坛:Altar of Heaven in Beijing50. 小吃摊:Snack Bar/Snack Stand51. 红双喜:Double Happiness52. 政治辅导员:Political Counselor/School Counselor53. 春卷:Spring Roll(s)54. 莲藕:Lotus Root55. 追星族:Star Struck56. 故宫博物院:The Palace Museum57. 相声:Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58. 下岗:Lay off/Laid off59. 北京烤鸭:Beijing Roast Duck60. 高等自学考试:Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61. 烟花爆竹:fireworks and firecracker62. 敦煌莫高窟:Mogao Caves63. 电视小品:TV Sketch/TV Skit64. 香港澳门同胞:Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65. 文化大革命:Cultural Revolution66. 长江中下游地区:The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67. 门当户对:Perfect Match/Exact Match68. 《水浒》:Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69. 中外合资企业:Joint Ventures70. 文房四宝(笔墨纸砚):"The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"71.兵马俑:cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army72.旗袍:cheongsam要了解中国文化,就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。

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[知识储备 春节的有关词汇 知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 知识储备
舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.) 舞龙 dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests) 戏曲 traditional opera 杂耍 variety show
Unit 18 中国文化与汉英翻译
教学目的要求: 教学目的要求:了解中国文化及其 翻译。 教学重点: 教学重点:熟练掌握各种翻译技巧: 了解如何翻译典型的中国文化的篇 章。 教学难点: 教学难点:中国文化中的有关专有 名词。
Part I. 语言与文化
文化是人类在认识世界和改 造客观世界的社会活动中相 互联系、相互影响、相互作 用时建立起来的,是一个社 会的物质文明和精神文明的 总和。
大部分人会挑选节假日或某个中 国的传统节日为的是亲戚朋友们 能来参加婚礼。不过,有一些人, 能来参加婚礼。不过,有一些人, 尤其是乡下人很有可能请算命先 生挑个结婚的吉日(通常是双日 生挑个结婚的吉日( 子),这样就是双喜临门了。 ),这样就是双喜临门了。 这样就是双喜临门了
Most people would favor a bank holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends to attend the wedding. However,quite a few others, especially those in the countryside, would probably ask a fortune-teller for a lucky date(usually an even number)so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”.
[知识储备 春节的有关词汇 知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 知识储备
年画 New Year paintings 买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern: a portable light
2. 文化阻断(the Block Model)—源 语文化表达形式小时,文化意义没 有进入译入语语篇。
主要是自谦语: 鄙人(I),贱内(my wife),浅谈(on)
3.文化诠释(the Annotation Model)---为源语文化表达形式 提供文化语境信息。 炒勺:开始翻译成roundbottomed frying pan -----frying wok
春节前,人们打扫屋子、在 大门上贴大红对联、放鞭炮。据 传说,这样做是为了驱赶一个叫 “年”的魔鬼。除夕之夜,一大 家子定会在一起会餐,最受欢迎 的主食是饺子,人们认为它能带 来好运吉祥。
Before the Spring Festival, people clean their houses, put red couplets on their gates,and set off firecrackers, according to fairy tales, for driving a demon named Nian away.
[知识储备 春节的有关词汇 知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 知识储备
灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay New Year’s call; give New Year’s greetings; New Year’s visit
传统的中国婚礼仪式包括6个必 备步骤,它们是:说媒、定亲、 聘礼、迎娶、拜堂(三鞠躬)、 喝交杯酒等六步。此外,如今一 个标准的中国婚礼会如下进行: 在一对新人订婚后,接下来就是 挑选吉日成亲。
The traditional Chinese marriage usually involves 6 necessary procedures, namely: match-making, engagement, betrothal presents, meeting the bride,three bows, and drinking wedlock wine.
[知识储备 春节的有关词汇 知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 知识储备
禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one‘s ancestors 压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift
Part II. 文化的处理模式
1.文化直入(the Go-ahead Model)-- 源语文化表达形式直接进入译文。 采用音译或直译: 阴阳(yin and yang),旗袍 (qipao, cheongsam), 气功(qigong),开放 (kaifang),江湖 (jianghu) 直译如:hot-dog (热狗)五讲四美 five stresses and four points of beauty
Exercise:译例分析2 :译例分析
中国是一个有56个民族的大 国。不同的民族有不同的婚 俗。但无论是哪个民族,结 婚仪式都很复杂。
China is a large country with 56 nationalities. Different nationalities have different marriage customs, but what, the wedding ceremony is usually very complicated.
[知识储备 春节的有关词汇 知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 知识储备
过年 Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 对联 poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry 春联 Spring Festival couplets 剪纸 paper-cuts
中国传统节日
端午节(农历五月初五) the Dragon-Boat Festival 中秋节(农历八月十五) the Mid-Autumn Festival (the Moon Festival)重阳节(农历九月初九) the Double-Ninth Day 情人节(农历七月初七) the Double-Seventh Day
4. 文化融合(the Integration Model)源语文化表达形式与译 语表达形式融合,以一种新语 言形式进入译语。
如:卡拉OK CD机X光片 GRE考试 GDP增长速度, 大的, 士多 长城干红中干源于英语dry, 表示 not sweet
文化归化(the Adaptation Model) --源语表达形式略去,代之以译语 的形式,源语文化意义丧失。 近朱者赤,近墨者黑。 He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.
中国传统节日 春节(农历正月初一) the Spring Festival (New Year's Day of the Chinese lunar calendar) 元宵节 (灯节) (农历正月十五) the Lantern Festival 清明节(四月五日前后) the Qingming Festival
In addition, a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this:when a new couple is engaged, what followed is a choice of the date of their marriage.
On the first day of the new year, everybody wears new clothes and greets relatives and friends with bows and congratulations wishing each other the best during the new year.
婚礼庆典很隆重, 婚礼庆典很隆重,最后是很奢华的 婚宴。人们会举杯祝愿新人“ 婚宴。人们会举杯祝愿新人“但愿 人长久,千里共婵娟。”以及早生 人长久,千里共婵娟。 贵子等等。 贵子等等。
文化与语言的关系 语言与文化相辅相成,语言是文化 的重要组成部分,也是文化赖以传 播的物质表达形式。(李运兴) 语言和文化共生,共存。(游汝杰) Language is a substantial but partial reflection of a culture. (Newmark, 1991:73)
[知识储备 春节的有关词汇 知识储备: 春节的有关词汇] 知识储备
辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 扫房 spring cleaning; general housecleaning 年糕 Nian-gao; rice cake; New Year cake 团圆饭 family reunion dinner
Part III 译例分析
春节,又称农历新年,它是中国 最重大的传统节日。时间通常在 一月底,二月初,象征着一年辛 劳后,冬春之交的休息和放松, 也象征了喜庆。
The Spring Festival,also known as the Lunar New Year, is the greatest traditional festival. It is usually a time between late January or early February, which means rest and relaxation between winter and spring after a year’s toil,and means celebration as well.
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