英语知识点复习

初二英语上册语法知识主要有：1、形容词和副词的比较等级（原级，比较级和最高级）比较级是用于两者间的比较，即比较级+than 结构。

最高级表示三者或三者以上的人或事物的比较，形容词最高级前一定要加the ,后面可以带of 或in 短语来说明比较范围。

如He is the tallest in our class,2. 要掌握as --as --和not as(so ) --as--句式。

表示两者当中在某一方面相同时用as --as --,如I think science is as important as math.表示甲在某一方面不如乙时要用not as (so)--as--如He did not come as\so early as Wang Lin.3动词的种类：分行为动词、连系动词、助动词、和情态动词四种。

4、动词的时态。

（1）现在进行时可以用来表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，有意图或打算等含义。

如What are you doing for vacation? I'm visiting my friends in Hong Kong.(2) "be going to +动词原形”表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。

如We are going to the Great Wall on Sunday morning.5, 简单句的五种基本类型S +V We often exercise.S + V +O He likes swimming.S +V+ P They are my friends. S +V +INO+ DO .She gave me a gift. S+V+O+OC He made the boy laugh.等6宾语从句：（1）由that 引导（that 在口语或非正式文体中常省略）如I don't think (that ) she can speak French.(2) 由连接代词或连接副词引导，如I want to know where she lives.(3) 由whether 或if 来引导（口语中常用if )She asked me if she could borrow these books.初二英语知识点复习(总结版)1.take : 拿走take sb. / sth. to someplace;take sth. with youbring: 带来bring sth for a picnicIt’s going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.You’d better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.2.keep + 名词+ 形容词Keep the windows open, it’s hot here.keep sb doing sthI’m sorry I’ve kept you waiting for a long time.keep表示“借”用于和一段时间连用：How long can I keep this book?3.let / make / have sb do sth让（使）某人干某事Let’s go to the zoo!How did he make the baby stop crying?4.forget to do sth忘记去做某事remember to do sth记得去做某事forget doing sth 忘记做过某事remember doing sth记得做过某事5.stop to do sth停下来做另一件事情stop doing sth停止正在做的事情stop sb from doing sth阻止某人干某事Let’s stop to have a test, it’s too hot today.When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.begin / startto do sth6.tell / ask sb to do sth否定形式tell / ask sb not to do sth.Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.Our P.E. teacher told us a storyyesterday.7.see / hear / watch sb do sthsee/ hear /watch sb doing sthI heard him singing in the room when I passed by.8.enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;enjoy oneself = have a good timeOur classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.9.be busy with sthbe busy doing sthThey are all busy with their work.10.finish doing sth.Tom didn’t go to bed until he finished writing the composition.11.Want to do sth/sb to do sthwould likesth/to do sth/sb to do sthfeel like doing sth.He didn’t f eel like eating anything.12.had better do sth否定形式：had better not do sthYou’d better not sing here, the baby is asleep.13.Why not do sth ?=why don’t you do sth ?=Why didn’t you do sth ?Why not come with me?14.What about sth/what about doing sth ?=How about -----?How about playing basketball with us?15.Thank you for sth /Thanks for doing sth.Thanks for your help.------------It’s a pleasure.Thanks very much for helping me.16.instead往往放在句首或句尾instead of sthinstead of doing sth.通常放中间He didn’t go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..17.put on强调动作wear 强调状态in 介词，构成一个短词Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we’ll do some cleaning.Kate is wearing a red sweater today.The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li18.在if 引导的条件状语从句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引导的时间状语从句, 当主句是：一般将来时态、含情态动词或祈使句的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。

We’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.it doesn’t rain=it isn’t rainyI’ll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.同样的情况还适用于not ---- until 句型I won’t go to bed until I finish my homework.19.在以when引导的时间状语从句, 当从句是一般过去时态时，主句往往用过去进行时,表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生或正在进行的动作：They were having supper when I got to their home.20.It’s time for sth /It’s time to do sth /It’s time for sb to do sth.It’s time for us to start our lesson now.21.It takes /It took /It will takesomebody some time to do something.It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.22.it 作形式主语或形式宾语，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的动词不定式:It’s necessary to learn English well.We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.23.too ----to 句型,too ---- for sb todo sth ----，对某人来说太-----以致于不能-----The apples on thetreeare too high for me to reach.Kate is too young to go to school.24.enough 用法：形前名后，big enough;enough food----- enough to do sth足够-------能够-------Jim is old enough to go to school.25.little , a little 修饰不可数名词;much 修饰不可数few a few 修饰可数名词;many 修饰可数a littlea few 具有肯定含义little few 具有否定含义some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词；Thereis a little time left, take it easy.We’d better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.Mr. Little doesn’t have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）26.much too 中心词是too, 常修饰形容词,It’s much too co ld today,we should wear warm clothes.too much中心词是much, 常修饰不可数名词,There’s too much water,please be careful..27.有关情态动词的问答：May I ------?No, you can’t.No, you mustn’t.Must I /we-----?No, you needn’t.要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力Could you help me ?Could she swim when she was four years old?要注意must 和have to 的区别：must强调主观, have to 强调客观要注意maybe和may be的区别：maybe在句中作谓语Maybe it’s here.It may be here.28.不定代词：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody. Something常用于肯定句和表示请求的疑问句中，anything用于否定句中和疑问句中，not anything = nothingwithout anything =with nothingWould you like something to eat?I’d like Chinese tea with nothing in it .形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后面：Be quiet! I have something important to tell you.Is th ere anything interesting in today’s newspaper?29.反身代词: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.要记住：一、二人称用物主，第三人称用宾格，复数self要变selves和反身代词有关的一些词组：enjoy oneself.= have a good time.learn by oneself,leave one by oneselfShe had to teach her son herself.I don’t need your help, I can do it myself.30.形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词：What a strong wind!It’s blowing strongly.连系动词：be, feel, look, get,turn , taste, smell, become,+ 形容词作表语31.感叹句：What + a/an + 形容词+ 可数名词的单数形式+ 主语+ 谓语！What+ 形容词+ 可数名词的复数形式/ 不可数名词+ 主语+ 谓语！How + 形容词或副词+ 主语+ 谓语！What a nice day it is !What beautiful flowers they are!How happily they are playing!32.反意疑问句：要注意前肯后否，前否后肯，要用be动词，助动词或情态动词来做，要注意否定词：never, little, few, hardly ,nothing, nobody 等祈使句的反意疑问句用：will you ?以Let’s开头的反意疑问句用: shall we ?She usually gets up at six, doesn’t she?There’s little water in the bottle, is there?Please take thesebooks to the office, will you?You have never been to New York, have you?33.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：要注意比较级和最高级的构成:规则变化: 要双写的：big, fat, thin, red,不规则变化：good, bad, far, ill,比较级用在：than ，a little + ，much + ,最高级用在：of all, of the three, in his class, in the world等表示有范围的短语中，one of + 最高级+ 可数名词的复数34.以so 引导的倒装句：表示-----也一样，也如此，前后主语要不一致，要通过be动词、助动词、情态动词来做:I reached home at 9:00, so did my brother.Canadians eat a lot of beef, so do Chinese people.35.either---or----, neither ---- nor ----连接两个主语，谓语动词采用就近原则；Either of ----或Neither of ------谓语动词用单数；Both of------或both---- and -----谓语动词用复数Both of them are Chinese. Neither of them is Australian. Neither Jim nor I am American.。