考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练三十一
考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练2020022903
The fight between people and pachyderms is growing ever more intense人象冲突，愈演愈烈As tropical dusk turns to night outside Galgamuwa,fireflies are not the only points of light around Lalith’s little rice paddy,the last field in the valley waiting to be harvested.当地处热带的加尔加穆瓦郊外从黄昏进入黑夜时，拉利斯的小片稻田（山谷中最后一片待收割的稻田）周围并不只有萤火虫闪烁着亮光。
On one side,bonfires are blazing in neighbours’fields.On the other, Lalith’s nephew is shining a torch out of one of the impressive tree houses that dot this part of the country.And in the middle of his paddy,seated around embers that are boiling a kettle,Lalith and friends are playing a furious card game that resembles whist.一边是邻近田地里熊熊燃烧的篝火。
另一边，拉利斯的侄子点燃了一个火把从树屋里走了出来，遍布该国这一地区的树屋让人印象深刻。
拉利斯和他的朋友们正围坐在稻田中央烧开水的篝火旁，玩着一种类似惠斯特的激烈的纸牌游戏。
Two dozen men are helping in all:this is Lalith’s watch against elephants emerging from the forest at night.Growing rice is like laying out dinner.A herd of cows and their calves can snaffle a year’s livelihood in a matter of minutes.前来帮忙的共计24人：这里是拉利斯为了防范夜晚从森林来袭的大象而设立的岗哨。
考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练2020082202
Cloth of gold一块价值堪比黄金的布Why the economic value of a face mask is$56.14为什么说一个口罩的经济价值是56.14美元After a brutal first six months of the year,governments across the world are hoping for an economic bounce-back.Rich-world GDP fell by about 10%in the first half of2020.在经历今年上半年的残酷考验后，世界各国政府都期待经济能够触底反弹。
2020年上半年，发达国家的GDP下降了约10%。
Yet much has changed since—including that more people are now wearing masks.Economists,obsessed with translating everything into GDP,wonder if more widespread face-covering could help the recovery.然而，自从越来越多的人戴上口罩后，情况发生了显著变化。
经济学家痴迷于用GDP来解释一切事物，如今他们想知道，随着更多的人戴上了口罩，经济能否走向复苏。
The thinking goes that masks can,in part,substitute for lockdowns. People wearing them need not be discouraged as much from using public transport.More shops and offices might be able to reopen,albeit while practising social distancing.这种想法基于这样一个逻辑，戴口罩在一定程度上可以代替封锁措施。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Diageo last week took a majority stake in Seedlip, a non-alcoholic spirit sold as an alternative to gin — a move seen by analysts as the drinks giant’s attempt to grab more of the growing teetotal market. The young are more abstemious than their elders, and manufacturers and marketers need to keep up.帝亚吉欧(Diageo)不久前收购了Seedlip的多数股权，这是一种被作为金酒替代品出售的无酒精型烈酒——市场分析师们将此举解读为酒业巨头试图在日益扩张的无酒精饮料市场中分一杯羹。
年轻一代相对于他们的长辈在饮酒方面更加节制，酒类生产商和营销机构必须跟上这种趋势。
For those of us who don’t drink or, in my case, only occasionally, a reduction in others’ drinking, along with a fall in the antisocial consequences, is a welcome development. At a wedding in Italy this summer, I marvelled as a group of Italian and French guests partied under a hot afternoon sun and late into the night, without anyone staggering or slurring in the way they would inevitably have done in the UK.对于我们当中那些不喝酒——或者以我自己为例——仅偶尔喝一杯的人来说，他人饮酒量的下降，以及与之相随的危害社会公共利益问题的减少，是一种令人愉快的新变化。
2016考研英语一答案：阅读理解Text 3
2016考研英语一答案：阅读理解Text 3
31: B. skepticism
32: A. winning trust from consumers
33: C. less severe
34: A. has an impact on their decision
35: B. The necessary amount of companies' spending on it is unknown.
本文节选自《经济学人》（The Economist）名为The Halo Effect的文章。
文章主要谈论的是企业社会责任政策(Corporate social responsibility，CSR)。
开篇先从诺贝尔经济学家Milton Friedman的评论引出作者对CSR的看法，“CSR的政策并不是对股东财富的浪费，新的研究表明——CSR很可能对公司产生货币价值（至少在他们被指控腐败时）。
”全文围绕“CSR是如何给公司的业务增值”展开，并举出具体的例子和研究进行阐述。
首先提出企业责任政策花费虽然大，但是能因此博得顾客的好感。
之后则指出全面实施CSR项目的企业在受到诉讼时，法官也会在审判的时候排除政治因素而优先考虑企业之前的CSR担当，从而给予相对略低的罚金。
最后文章指出到底公司对这方面的花费是多少虽然不确定，但至少确定的是企业责任能帮助它们在法律面前获得相对较轻的处罚。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
A global house-price slump is coming全球房价即将暴跌It won’t blow up the financial system, but it will be scary虽然不会摧毁金融体系，但仍然令人恐慌Over the past decade owning a house has meant easy money. Prices rose reliably for years and then went bizarrely ballistic in the pandemic. Yet today if your wealth is tied up in bricks and mortar it is time to get nervous.过去十年里，拥有一套房就意味着轻松赚钱。
房价多年来一直稳步上涨，甚至在疫情期间还异乎寻常地飙升了。
然而现如今，如果你的财富被套牢在房产上，那你应该感到紧张了。
House prices are now falling in nine rich economies. The drops in America are small so far, but in the wildest markets they are already dramatic. In condo-crazed Canada homes cost 9% less than they did in February.九个发达经济体的房价都在下跌。
到目前为止，美国房价的跌幅还不大，但最疯狂的市场的房价跌幅已经非常大了。
在热衷于共管公寓的加拿大，房价较今年2月下跌了9%。
As inflation and recession stalk the world a deepening correction is likely—even estate agents are gloomy. Although this will not detonate global banks as in 2007-09, it will intensify the downturn, leave a cohort of people with wrecked finances and start a political storm.随着通货膨胀和经济衰退的风险在全球范围内蔓延，房价或将迎来一场深度调整——甚至房地产经纪人也对此感到悲观。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一三一
Alibaba sold$38.4bn of merchandise this Singles’Day这个双十一，阿里巴巴创造了384亿美元的销售额The world’s biggest online shopping frenzy这是一场全球最大的在线购物狂欢In1993A group of male students at Nanjing University in China decided to celebrate their singledom.The annual date would be November11th, comprised of four lonely1s.1993年，中国南京大学的一群男生决定选个日子庆祝他们的单身生活。
于是他们便定在了每年的11月11日，这一天是由四个孤独的“1”组成的。
The story may be apocryphal.But since2009Alibaba,China’s e-commerce giant,has turned Singles’Day into a very real shopping frenzy.It has long since eclipsed America’s Black Friday and Cyber Monday online sales combined.这个故事或许是虚构的。
但自2009年以来，中国电子商务巨头阿里巴巴就已经将光棍节打造成了一场真正的购物狂欢。
其销售额早已超过了美国的黑色星期五和网络星期一在线销售额的总和。
This year Taylor Swift performed at the countdown.In the next24hours Alibaba sold$38.4bn-worth of petitors like and Pinduoduo have piled in.泰勒·斯威夫特（霉霉）甚至都参加了今年的天猫双十一晚会。
《经济学人》英语热点文章精选8篇(中英文对照
（考研英语阅读原文很多来自《经济学人》，希望大家好好看看)印度的救赎IN MAY America’s Federal Reserve hinted that it would soon start to reduce its vast purchases of Treasury bonds. As global investors adjusted to a world without ultra—cheap money, there has been a great sucking of funds from emerging markets。
Currencies and shares have tumbled, from Brazil to Indonesia, but one country has been particularly badly hit。
今年五月，美国联邦储备委员会(Federal Reserve）暗示，它将很快开始缩减大量购买国债的规模。
随着全球投资者开始调整策略，以适应没有超廉价资金的世界，大量资金开始逃离新兴市场.从巴西到印度尼西亚，货币及股票纷纷暴跌，但有一个国家受创尤其严重.Not so long ago India was celebrated as an economic miracle. In 2008 Manmohan Singh，the prime minister，said growth of 8—9% was India’s new cruising speed. He even predicted the end of the “chronic poverty，ignorance and disease, which has been the fate of millions of our countrymen for centuries”. Today he admits the outlook is difficult. The rupee has tumbled by 13% in three months。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
One afternoon in April 2020, I took an old bamboo rod out of my shed and cut it to a length of 115cm. Stood on the ground, it came about halfway up my chest. I laid it on a scrubby patch of our garden on the island of Aegina, in Greece: one end next to a tough-looking dandelion, the other pointed northwards. Then I dug up the dandelion with a trowel and replanted it at the other end of the stick. A small step for humans, but quite the leap for the dandelion.2020年4月的一个下午，我从棚子里拿出一根旧竹竿，把它切成了115厘米的长度。
立在地上，它的长度大概是到我胸部高度的一半。
我把它搁在花园中的一小片灌木丛生的土地上，花园位于希腊的埃吉纳岛（Aegina）上。
竹竿的一端挨着一株看上去很强韧的蒲公英，另一端朝着北方。
随后我用泥铲把蒲公英挖了出来，再把它重新种进竹竿另一端的土里。
对人类来说，这是一小步的距离，但对蒲公英而言却是一次不小的跃进。
This 115cm corresponds to a particular measurement. It is the present average velocity of climate change — how fast the effects of global heating are moving across the surface of the planet — and thus represents the speed we need to move in order for the conditions around us to stay the same. It also implies a direction: the bubble habitats where different forms of life can survive and thrive are moving uphill, and towards the poles.这115厘米所对应的是一个特定的尺寸。
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The alarming popularity of prehistoric dentistry
落后的牙科治疗方式的流行令人担忧
Unable to see a dentist,people are taking things into their own hands 由于无法求医，人们只好自己动手
“I’ve been using the wax from a Babybel,”admits a sufferer of chronic toothache;she has stuffed cheese-casing into a cavity to replace a lost filling.With most surgeries in Britain out of action due to lockdown,home dentistry has become worryingly common.
一名慢性牙痛患者承认：“我一直在用Babybel（一种奶酪）的蜡皮。
”她将奶酪的蜡皮塞进了牙洞里，以代替缺失的牙洞填料。
因封城所致，英国大多数诊所都已歇业，人们普遍开始自己在家解决牙齿问题，这种现象令人担忧。
“People are using needles to burst abscesses,”says James Goolnik,a dentist in London.“They’re using knives and forks to take teeth out,and nail files to cut down broken teeth.”
伦敦牙医詹姆斯·古尔尼克说：“人们开始用针刺破脓肿，用刀叉拔牙，用锉刀削磨断牙。
”
Britain has long had a reputation for bad teeth,perhaps dating back to the second world war,when American soldiers were horrified by rows of bare gums.Today it is unfair:Americans are more likely than Britons to be missing teeth.But the nation’s teeth are not going to improve in the near future.
英国人向来以“一口烂牙”著称，这甚至可以追溯至二战时期，当时的美国大兵就被英国人一排排光秃秃的牙龈给吓坏了。
如今风水轮流转：美国人比英国人更容易缺齿。
但英国人的牙齿问题在短期之内将很难得到治疗。
Since March25th,all routine treatment has been cancelled.Dentists offer just the“three As”—antibiotics,analgesics and advice.Someone with a lost crown will be dealt with over the phone.
自3月25日起，所有的牙科常规治疗均已暂停。
牙医只能为患者提供“3个A”（抗生素、止痛药和建议）。
一些牙冠脱落的患者只能打电话给牙医以寻求帮助。
MyDentist,with around650practices in Britain,has warned its patients:“DO NOT USE SUPERGLUE or FIXADENT to fit your crown.”A hygienist reports that a patient had become suicidal with pain.
在英国拥有近650家诊所的MyDentist向其患者发出警告：“不要用强力胶或粘合剂来固定牙冠。
”一名牙科医师称，甚至有患者因牙痛难忍而试图自杀。
Only those with problems such as breathing difficulties due to swelling or nerve exposure qualify for urgent treatment.The British Dental Association(BDA),a trade union,says the new urgent care system has faced teething problems,with a lack of the protective kit needed for “aerosol-generating procedures”(ie,ones where spit or blood will be flying around).As a result,in some practices the only treatment on offer is teeth removal.“In this day and age that’s pretty prehistoric,”says Dr Goolnik.
只有那些出现因肿胀导致呼吸困难或牙神经暴露等问题的患者才得以接受紧急治疗。
英国牙科协会表示，新的紧急治疗系统所面临的首要问题是，缺乏“在产生气溶胶的手术中”（例如在一些手术中会产生飞溅的唾液和血液）所需的防护用品。
因此，目前实际所能提供的唯一治疗方式就是拔牙。
古尔尼克说：“这种治疗方式在当今时代看来是非常落后的。
”
Many dental practices either rely entirely or partly on private income, rather than NHS contracts,and are thus facing financial collapse.Some, unlike shops or restaurants,do not qualify for business-rates relief.“I can’t help feeling forgotten when I walk down the street and see the vape shop,which is getting a£25,000grant and rates relief,painting and decorating,”sighs the hygienist.
许多牙科诊所完全或在很大程度上依靠私人患者营收，而非国民医疗服务体系的合同，因此它们面临着财务危机。
不同于商店和餐馆，牙科诊所无法享受商业税收减免。
该牙科医师感叹道：“当我走在街上，看到一家拿到2.5万英镑政府补助金且享受税收减免的电子烟商店正在刷漆和装潢时，我不由感到自己被遗忘了。
”
When dentists reopen,they will struggle to satisfy the pent-up demand they are bound to face.Safe dentistry in a pandemic is slow.Waiting areas must be kept empty,protective kit procured and surgeries disinfected.
当牙科诊所重新开张之时，他们必将忙着为那些饱受牙痛折磨的患者进行治疗。
但在疫情期间，为了安全起见，牙科诊疗的过程也将放缓。
诊所除了要保证候诊区的空旷外，还要采购防护用品以及对手术室进行消毒。
At practices that are now doing urgent care,such restrictions mean traffic is down by three-quarters.If there is a similar drop-off in service when others return,care will continue to be rationed.Bad news for anyone with toothache.Good news for Babybel manufacturers.
就目前开展紧急治疗的诊所而言，这些限制措施使得这些诊所接诊患者的数量减少了四分之三。
随着其他牙科诊所的相继开业，如果情况仍将如此，那么治疗将仍然受到限制。
这对牙痛患者来说无疑是个坏消息，但对于Babybel生产商来说却是个好消息。
(红色标注词为重难点词汇)
重难点词汇：
prehistoric[ˌpriːhɪˈstɔːrɪk]adj.史前的；陈旧的lockdown[ˈlɑːkdaʊn]n.封锁；禁闭
abscess[ˈæbses]n.脓肿；脓疮
antibiotics[,æntɪbaɪ'ɑtɪks]n.抗生素
analgesic[ˌænəlˈdʒiːzɪk]n.镇痛剂
procure[prəˈkjʊr]v.获得，取得
disinfect[ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt]v.消毒；杀菌。