2020届徐汇区高三英语一模听力文字
2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语听力文字I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. W: How do I look?M: Not bad. I really like the color. It matches your handbag.Q: What is the woman probably doing?2. M: Are we still going to have group study at the library tonight?W: Yeah. I’m just gonna grab something to eat and then I’ll come back to school.Q: Where is the woman probably going now?3. W: I think this painting would look good in our living room. What do you think?M: Sure. Let’s take it. Luckily the price is within our budget.Q: What will the two speakers probably do next?4. M: Did you see Catherine today? Why does she have such a long face?W: I don’t have the foggiest idea. I thought she’d be happy since she got a promotion recently.Q: What can we learn about Catherine?5. M: Do you want to share a taxi to the airport? We can save on expenses that way.W: Actually, I hate flying. I’m thinking about going to the conference by train.Q: Why aren’t the man and woman going together?6. W: You’ve gone through all your money so quickly? I thought you were rich.M: Not me! You know money always burns a hole in my pocket.Q: What can we learn about the man?7. W: Did you take any pictures of the graduation ceremony yesterday?M: I would have recorded every detail of it if I had taken my cellphone with me.Q: What does the man mean?8. W: Aren’t you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making?M: Yes. I think I’ll probably give them a deadline and hold them to it.Q: What is the man probably going to do?9. W: Derrick, you look exhausted. Don’t you think you should take a vacation?M: Oh, t here’s too much work! My chances would be better if they would hire more people.Q: What does the man mean?10. W: Excuse me, can you please show me to my seat? It’s too dark inside and I don’t think I can find my seat.M: I’m sorry, Miss. But I can’t let you in until the interval.Q: What does the man mean?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 1l through13 are based on the following passage.It’s surprising how much simpl e movements of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful and crossing your arms makes you more determined.So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We’re a ll aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive or professional，but can the clothes actually make us perform better or is it just a feeling?Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people’s p owers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail. What they found was that people wearing white coats made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes.This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the psychologist smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef’s hat make the food taste better? Maybe from now on, I will only be editing my term paper wearing a pair of glasses to help me make fewer mistakes.(Now listen again please.)Questions:11. How would people probably feel when they cross their arms?12. What is the purpose of Adam and Galinsky’s experiment?13. What is the main idea of the passage?Questions14 through16 are based on the following passage.Some of the everyday heroes in the United States are the country’s paramedics. These young men and women are usually the first people who respond to medical emergencies suffered by citizens. They respond to emergency calls, performing medical services and transporting patients to medical facilities. They work both indoors and outdoors, in all types of weather. Their work is physically tough, sometimes involving life-or-death situations. People’s lives often depend on their quick reaction and competent care.Paramedics must complete a very extensive physical training program that is designed to knock out those who cannot make the cut. A paramedic must be in fit condition, and be mentally strong to perform his or her duties in the face of danger. They must be certified in CPR techniques, and be trained to handle all situations.Paramedics provide a valuable service to the communities they serve. Some of the equipment paramedics carry is very specialized. They carry basic and advanced life support tools so they can reach people in danger and other emergency equipment.(Now listen again please.)Questions:14. What are paramedics according to the passage?15. Which group of words can best describe paramedics’ work according to the passage?16. Which of following is NOT mentioned as a basic requirement for paramedics?Questions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Simon, could you review the results of the survey on people’s sporting activities?M: Sure. The survey was conducted on 150 men and women between the ages of 18 and 55 years old. According to the result, the most active group involved in sporting activities are those between 18 and 26 years old, followed by those 36 to 45 years old.W: Okay.M: As far as particular sports are concerned, people in these two groups chose jogging as their favorite sport followed by skiing, tennis, swimming, and cycling.W: Hmm. Based on what you’ve said, I think we should consider targeting the 18 to 26-year-old age group more in the future. I also feel we should consider expanding our line of athletic shoes. Maybe we can come up with a more appealing design aimed at this age group.M: I see what you mean. However, when these results are compared with the survey carried out three years ago, we can see a growing trend among older consumers—I mean 46 to 55—who are becoming more conscious and concerned about staying fit. I believe this trend will continue, so we should focus on this group instead.W: I see yo ur point. Well, let’s meet again on Wednesday to discuss the details.(Now listen again please.)Questions:17. Which group is the most active in sports according to the survey?18. Which sport is most popular among people?19. What is the woman’s proposal based on the survey?20. What is the man’ suggestion on the marketing strategies?。
2020年上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2020年上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHow to Look at ShapeTake a seat at the virtual(虚拟的) table. At our new, monthly membership program, you'll join MoMA staff and fellow members for lively discussions about our collection and exhibitions. Ask questions, share your thoughts, and broaden the mind. A live Q&A, with Michelle Kuo and Anny Aviram, about shape and its role in MoMA's collection is also arranged.Draw, Write, and Connect with OthersExperiment with drawing and writing exercises as ways to connect with others, even when physically distant, in this 45-minute online workshop. This workshop is part of the Creativity Lab at Home plan. This session is led by Francis Estrada, Assistant Educator, and Hannah Fagin, Coordinator. Ifs open to anyone, but registration is limited and space is available on a first-come, first-served basis.Storytelling Through ArtThere are many ways to tell a story — through words through theater and dance, or through visual art, for example. Discover how artist Jacob Lawrence shared the history of an important event by combining words and art in a series of paintings calledThe Migration Series. For kids ages seven to fourteen. Parent participation is encouraged in this online event. Don' miss the opportunity to spend meaningful time with them.The Human ShelterIn 2016, MoMA opened Insecurities: Tracing Displacement and Shelter, an exhibition that examined how contemporary architecture arid design addressed ideas of shelter in light of global refugee(难民) emergencies. Danish Boris Benjamin Bertram documented the exhibition, and the result is a movie by him asking what makes a home, and, perhaps more importantly, when shelter becomes home. This online event is part of Member events.1.What is special about How to Look at Shape?A.It provides an interactive part.B.It is accessible to everyone.C.It is organized by Michelle Kuo.D.It focuses on MoMA's new collection.2.Which event is family-friendly?A.The Human Shelter.B.How to Look at Shape.C.Storytelling Through Art.D.Draw, Write, and Connect with Others.3.In which aspect might Bertram do well?A.Shelter design.B.Storytelling.C.Art education.D.Film-making.BMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.4. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous5. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition6. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.7. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesCWatching what you eat can be easier said than done, but a recent study shows it might not just be about what's on your plate — it could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor five years, splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast. They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, sharing their diet, physical activity, and medical history. In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome (新陈代谢综合征) - meaning at least three risk factors — which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed (诊断) with metabolic syndrome — and their eating speed was a major predictor, according to the results in the journal Circulation. The fast eaters were 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters. Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis, compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters. But that's not all. Fast eaters also saw more weight gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop. “So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,” said Takayuki Yamaji, MD, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too. One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher body-mass indexes (指数), and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing. Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could bum more calories - up to about 1,000 extra every month.8. What are the participants divided by?A. Medical history.B. Health condition.C. Physical activity.D. Eating speed.9. Which may be the result of the study?A. Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B. Normal and slow eaters don’t have metabolic illness.C. 89% of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.D. Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.10. What does the underlined word “gobbling” in Paragraph 4 best mean?A. Tasting slowly.B. Digesting quickly.C. Eating greedily.D. Cooking carefully.11. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. The importance of eating speed.B. The advantage of eating slowly.C. The result of a Chinese study.D. Fast eating and overeating.DWatching what you eat can be easier said than done, but a recent study shows it might not just be about what's on your plate — it could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor five years, splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast. They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, sharing their diet, physical activity, and medical history. In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome (新陈代谢综合征) - meaning at least three risk factors — which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed (诊断) with metabolic syndrome — and their eating speed was a major predictor, according to the results in the journal Circulation. The fast eaters were 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters. Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis, compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters. But that's not all. Fast eaters also saw more weight gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop. “So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,” said Takayuki Yamaji, MD, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too. One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher body-mass indexes (指数), and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing. Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could bum more calories - up to about 1,000 extra every month.12. What are the participants divided by?A. Medical history.B. Health condition.C. Physical activity.D. Eating speed.13. Which may be the result of the study?A. Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B. Normal and slow eaters don’t have metabolic illness.C. 89% of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.D. Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.14. What does the underlined word “gobbling” in Paragraph 4 best mean?A. Tasting slowly.B. Digesting quickly.C. Eating greedily.D. Cooking carefully.15. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. The importance of eating speed.B. The advantage of eating slowly.C. The result of a Chinese study.D. Fast eating and overeating.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市徐汇区高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题 PDF版
2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语 试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟） 2019.12I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Buying a handbag. B. Trying on a piece of clothing.C. Taking a picture.D. Attending a fashion show.2. A. To the library. B. To the school. C. To the cafeteria. D. To the cinema.3. A. Make a budget. B. Buy the painting.C. Decorate the living room.D. Bargain with the art dealer.4. A. She didn’t get the promotion. B. She doesn’t look attractive.C. She is not in good mood.D. She can’t stand foggy days.5. A. The man needs to arrive earlier. B. The woman has to work overtime.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man wants to save money.6. A. He has earned a big fortune. B. He is good at saving.C. He has little money.D. He spends money like water.7. A. He didn’t attend the ceremony. B. He took a lot of precious pictures.C. He forgot to take his cell phone.D. His recorded the ceremony with his camera.8. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet. B. Encourage his staff to work harder.C. Ask for a progress report on the project.D. Hold a conversation with his employees.9. A. He doesn’t need a vacation. B. The company is short of hands.C. He is afraid of losing the job.D. The boss told him to take a chance.10. A. No seats are available now. B. It’s not the right time to enter.C. It’s too dark for him to find the seat.D. She can’t get in until the interview ends.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. More cheerful. B. Less stressed. C. More resolute. D. Less attractive.12. A. To find out how clothes can affect people’s feelings.B. To show how scientists pay more attention to details.C. To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats.D. To test the effect of clothes on people’s attention.13. A. Body movements change the way people think.B. How people dress can change their appearance.C. What people wear can affect their performance.D. People doing different jobs wear different clothes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters.B. People trained to respond to medical emergencies.C. Super heroes devoted to defending the earth.D. Doctors and nurses who provide medical services.15. A. Decent and promising. B. Busy but secure.C. Tough and stressful.D. Demanding but well-paid.16. A. Passing a physical training program. B. Getting a certificate in CPR (心肺复苏术).C. Possessing a medical school diploma.D. Keeping calm in any situation.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.18. A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Tennis. D. Cycling.19. A. Launch a new promotion campaign. B. Carry out another survey.C. Increase the production of athletic shoes.D. Hold more athletic competitions.20. A. Make products more appealing. B. Follow the trend.C. Focus on fitness business.D. Target older customers.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard.(21) _________(inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure — a book of fairy tales that would charmmillions in faraway lands for generations (22) ________(come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23)________(translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24)________(sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) __________. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26)__________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27)_______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28)_______ all Wilhelm’s additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is (29)_______ the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms’ taleswere born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers’skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30)_______ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. distributedB. absolutelyC. infectionsD. consumeE. harborF. relianceG. potentialH. specificI. originateJ. respectivelyK. revealedMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the 31 health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely 32 across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was 33 last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a 34 kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may 35 from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to 36 the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can 37 harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎) and wound 38 in humans.“Microplastics are being found 39 everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our 40 on plastic.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour-force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries has risen by eight percentage points. A new OECD report, “Working Better with Age”, points out that the employment of older workers is 41 , if prosperity is to be maintained. That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally 42 the value of its older employees.Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours. No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently. But work can keep the mind active and gives people a 43 in life. The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but 44 is sure to come. Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal. 45 , the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness.Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require 46 , rather than manual, labour. Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to 47 . That is not just because governments have been pushing up the stateretirement age. 48 , the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years. In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work-related pensions to supplement it.However, companies are gradually 49 pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be 50 . The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates. Women tend to have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children), making their difficulties even more 51 . They need to keep working.Older workers may feel 52 , particularly when it comes to promotion. Two issues seem to hold 53 back. The first is that older workers tend to 54 higher salaries, because of the seniority system. The second is a 55 of skills；one in three 55- to 65-year-olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests. Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over-55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes.41. A. shortsighted B. vital C. adequate D. unnecessary42. A. recognizing B. assessing C. questioning D. transforming43. A. frame B. choice C. lesson D. purpose44. A. liberty B. boredom C. priority D. motivation45. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Furthermore46. A. mental B. simple C. physical D. routine47. A. proceed B. continue C. persist D. quit48. A. In conclusion B. In other words C. In practice D. In particular49. A. replacing B. furnishing C. increasing D. combining50. A. registered B. reinvested C. refunded D. removed51. A. personal B. severe C. emotional D. practical52. A. competitive B. dominant C. distinguished D. disadvantaged53. A. employers B. researchers C. employees D. female workers54. A. command B. ensure C. oppose D. ignore55. A. range B. discipline C. shortage D. setSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille hadcreated the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil. She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it.A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame.Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma!would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award.But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma!was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century. (Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright.)During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration. “I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.”Graham responded by saying,“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.”56. What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo?A. It earned her a large fortune.B. It made her rise to fame overnight.C. It didn’t enjoy much success.D. It laid a solid foundation for her career.57. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!?A. Relieved.B. Ashamed.C. Confused.D. Proud.58. Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham ___________.A. was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB. enjoyed the same popularity as themC. had been influenced greatly by themD. was the most influential artist in her field59. Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage?A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness.B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you.C. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music.D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life.(B)Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses. These 20-or 40-foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece, and it’s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building. Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers.London Container City(I and II)London’s Container City first sprang up in the heart of thedocklands in 2001. It took just five months to complete theoriginal 12 work studios. Shortly after that, a fourth floor ofstudios and living apartments was built on top of these. The firstcontainer city was so successful that another — Container CityII — was added to it.Los Angeles Redondo Beach houseWith its modern lines and appealing spaces, theaward-winning Redondo Beach House is a luxury beachsideshowpiece built from eight recycled steel shippingcontainers, along with some traditional building materials.According to the architects, the modified containers are“nearly indestructible”.Amsterdam KeetwonenAmsterdam’s massive Keetwonen complex houses 1,000students and it is the largest container city in the world. Thehousing project is a roaring success and features units that arequiet and comfortable. Each resident enjoys a bathroom,kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters. Thecomplex even has central heating and high-speed internet aswell as areas for parking bikes.Mexico M2ATK Container HouseM2ATK designed this unique container house for an artist.It’s fully equipped with heating and cooling, a kitchen andbathroom. On the bottom floor of the house are ‘‘public spaces”such as the kitchen and living room. The second floor is thebedroom, and the top floor is a studio space in which to work,read and “let fly the imagination”.60. Compared to traditional houses, container houses are _________.A. easier to maintainB. less expensive to buildC. more comfortable to live inD. more fashionable in style61. What can be learned about Amsterdam’s Keetwonen complex?A. It is the first container city in the world.B. It’s equipped with modern facilities.C. It features a luxury and unique style.D. It includes living space and car parks.62. Which of the following is the best title for the poster?A. Recycled material for Ideal HomeB. Shipping Container Home ChallengesC. Home in a Steel BoxD. Housing Options and Solutions(C)On August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America’s east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric-car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm’s path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge. Like many modern vehicles, Mr. Musk’s products are best thought of as internet-connected computers on wheels. The cheaper models in Tesla’s line-up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car’s software in order to limit their range. At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries.Mr. Musk’s computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend. As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an “internet of things”.Such a world will bring many benefits. Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non-computerized versions cannot. Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable.In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works. Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere. As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one.Start with ownership. As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods. That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear. When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought (the firm offered refunds). That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller.Virtual business models will jar in the physical world. Tech firms are generally happy to movefast and break things. But you cannot release the beta version (测试版) of a fridge. Apple, asmartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two. But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more. Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on.Data will be another flashpoint. For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free” services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent (同意) that is half-informedat best. In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical. In the real one, they will feel more urgent.Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard — especially one as universal as computing. The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry-eyed optimism. These days the internet’s faults dominate the headlines. But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution — which should give them some idea of what to expect.63. From the passage we can tell that Tesla can ____________.A. drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB. adjust the range of its battery powerC. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD. operate when the battery is fully drained64. Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments” mentioned in the passage?A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest.B. The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers’ premiums(保费).C. Computerized machinery can’t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance.D. A high-tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves.65. The underlined word jar probably means _____________ in this context.A. boomB. conflictC. vanishD. expand66. This passage is mainly about ______________.A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD. different views on the current application of Internet TechnologySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Creativity is associated with many factors.B. Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it.C. Without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses.D. However, creativity can be acquired at any age.E. It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from.F. Everyone has the capacity to be creative.Essential CreativityIn a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school.(67) _____________ It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way.One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. (68) _____________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true: creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature.Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world. Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. (69) ________________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful.It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a job. That was it. But now, everyone works hard, goes to university — and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. (70) ________________ We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future.IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is done to create pasture (牧场) forbeef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic(外来的) species is another threat. The latest research from theUniversity of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self-sustaining population. While the local species, which haven’t had a chance to evolve, often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable (i.e. microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms, namely their bodies.Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我家门口的街道成天车水马龙。
2019.12.19【高三一模】2020届徐汇区高三英语一模(含听力完整版本)
2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2019.12I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Buying a handbag. B. Trying on a piece of clothing.C. Taking a picture.D. Attending a fashion show.2. A. To the library. B. To the school. C. To the cafeteria. D. To the cinema.3. A. Make a budget. B. Buy the painting.C. Decorate the living room.D. Bargain with the art dealer.4. A. She didn’t get the promotion. B. She doesn’t loo k attractive.C. She is not in good mood.D. She can’t stand foggy days.5. A. The man needs to arrive earlier. B. The woman has to work overtime.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man wants to save money.6. A. He has earned a big fortune. B. He is good at saving.C. He has little money.D. He spends money like water.7. A. He didn’t attend the ceremony. B. He took a lot of precious pictures.C. He forgot to take his cell phone.D. His recorded the ceremony with his camera.8. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet. B. Encourage his staff to work harder.C. Ask for a progress report on the project.D. Hold a conversation with his employees.9. A. He doesn’t need a vacation. B. The company is short of hands.C. He is afraid of losing the job.D. The boss told him to take a chance.10. A. No seats are available now. B. It’s not the right time to enter.C. It’s too dark for him to find the seat.D. She can’t get in until the interview ends.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. More cheerful. B. Less stressed. C. More resolute. D. Less attractive.12. A. To find out how clothes can affect people’s feelings.B. To show how scientists pay more attention to details.C. To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats.D. To test the effect of clothes on people’s attention.13. A. Body movements change the way people think.B. How people dress can change their appearance.C. What people wear can affect their performance.D. People doing different jobs wear different clothes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters.B. People trained to respond to medical emergencies.C. Super heroes devoted to defending the earth.D. Doctors and nurses who provide medical services.15. A. Decent and promising. B. Busy but secure.C. Tough and stressful.D. Demanding but well-paid.16. A. Passing a physical training program. B. Getting a certificate in CPR (心肺复苏术).C. Possessing a medical school diploma.D. Keeping calm in any situation.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.18. A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Tennis. D. Cycling.19. A. Launch a new promotion campaign. B. Carry out another survey.C. Increase the production of athletic shoes.D. Hold more athletic competitions.20. A. Make products more appealing. B. Follow the trend.C. Focus on fitness business.D. Target older customers.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard. (21) _________(inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure — a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations (22) ________(come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23)________(translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24)________(sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) __________. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26)__________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27)_______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28)_______ all Wilhelm’s additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is (29)_______ the characters are always striving for h appiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms’ tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers’ skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30)_______ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Microplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the _____31_____ health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely _____32_____ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was _____33_____ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a _____34_____ kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may _____35_____ froma variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to _____36_____ the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can _____37_____ harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎) and wound _____38_____ in humans.“Microplastic s are being found _____39_____ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our _____40_____ on plastic.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour-force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries has risen by eight percentage points. A new OECD report, “Working Better with Age”, points out that the employment of older workers i s _____41_____, if prosperity is to be maintained. That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally _____42_____ the value of its older employees.Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours. No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently. But work can keep the mind active and gives people a _____43_____ in life. The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but _____44_____ is sure to come. Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal. _____45_____, the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness.Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require _____46_____, rather than manual, labour. Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to _____47_____. That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age. _____48_____, the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years. In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work-related pensions to supplement it.However, companies are gradually _____49_____ pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be _____50_____. The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates. Women tend to have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children), making their difficulties even more _____51_____. They need to keep working.Older workers may feel _____52_____ , particularly when it comes to promotion. Two issues seem to hold _____53_____ back. The first is that older workers tend to _____54_____ higher salaries, because of the seniority system. The second is a _____55_____ of skills；one in three 55- to 65-year-olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests. Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over-55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes.41. A. shortsighted B. vital C. adequate D. unnecessary42. A. recognizing B. assessing C. questioning D. transforming43. A. frame B. choice C. lesson D. purpose44. A. liberty B. boredom C. priority D. motivation45. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Furthermore46. A. mental B. simple C. physical D. routine47. A. proceed B. continue C. persist D. quit48. A. In conclusion B. In other words C. In practice D. In particular49. A. replacing B. furnishing C. increasing D. combining50. A. registered B. reinvested C. refunded D. removed51. A. personal B. severe C. emotional D. practical52. A. competitive B. dominant C. distinguished D. disadvantaged53. A. employers B. researchers C. employees D. female workers54. A. command B. ensure C. oppose D. ignore55. A. range B. discipline C. shortage D. setSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil. She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it.A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame.Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award.But the success of Oklahoma!didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century. (Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright.)During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration. “I confessed t hat I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.”Graham responded by saying,“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.”56. What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo?A. It earned her a large fortune.B. It made her rise to fame overnight.C. It didn’t enjoy much success.D. It laid a solid foundation for her career.57. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!?A. Relieved.B. Ashamed.C. Confused.D. Proud.58. Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham ___________.A. was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB. enjoyed the same popularity as themC. had been influenced greatly by themD. was the most influential artist in her field59. Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage?A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness.B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you.C. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music.D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life.Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses. These 20-or 40-foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece, and it’s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building. Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers.London Container City(I and II)London’s Container City first sprang up in the heart of the docklands in 2001. It tookjust five months to complete the original 12 work studios. Shortly after that, a fourth floorof studios and living apartments was built on top of these. The first container city was sosuccessful that another — Container City II — was added to it.Los Angeles Redondo Beach houseWith its modern lines and appealing spaces, the award-winning Redondo BeachHouse is a luxury beachside showpiece built from eight recycled steel shippingcontainers, along with some traditional building materials. According to thearchitects, the modified containers are “nearly indestructible”.Amsterdam KeetwonenAmsterdam’s massive Keetwonen complex houses 1,000 students an d it is the largestcontainer city in the world. The housing project is a roaring success and features units thatare quiet and comfortable. Each resident enjoys a bathroom, kitchen and separate sleepingand studying quarters. The complex even has central heating and high-speed internet aswell as areas for parking bikes.Mexico M2ATK Container HouseM2ATK designed this unique container house for an artist. It’s fully equippedwith heating and cooling, a kitchen and bathroom. On the bottom floor of the houseare ‘‘public spaces” such as the kitchen and living room. The second floor is thebedroom, and the top floor is a studio space in which to work, read and “let fly theimagination”.60. Compared to traditional houses, container houses are _________.A. easier to maintainB. less expensive to buildC. more comfortable to live inD. more fashionable in style61. What can be learned about Amsterdam’s Keetwonen complex?A. It is the first container city in the world.B. It’s equipped with mode rn facilities.C. It features a luxury and unique style.D. It includes living space and car parks.62. Which of the following is the best title for the poster?A. Recycled material for Ideal HomeB. Shipping Container Home ChallengesC. Home in a Steel BoxD. Housing Options and Solutions(C)O n August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America’s east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric-car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm’s path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge. Like many modern vehicles, Mr. Musk’s produ cts are best thought of as internet-connected computers on wheels. The cheaper models in Tesla’s line-up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car’s software in order to limit their range. At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries.Mr. Musk’s computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend. As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an “internet of things”.Such a world will bring many benefits. Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non-computerized versions cannot. Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable.In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works. Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere. As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one.Start with ownership. As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods. That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear. When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought (the firm offered refunds). That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller.Virtual business models will jar in the physical world. Tech firms are generally happy to move fast and break things. But you cannot release the beta version (测试版) of a fridge. Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two. But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more. Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on.Data will be another flashpoint. For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free” services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent (同意) that is half-informed at best. In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical. In the real one, they will feel more urgent.Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard — especially one as universal as computing. The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry-eyed optimism. These days the internet’s faults dominate the headlines. But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution — which should give them some idea of what to expect.63. From the passage we can tell that Tesla can ____________.A. drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB. adjust the range of its battery powerC. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD. operate when the battery is fully drained64. Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments” mentioned in the passage?A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest.B. The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers’ premiums(保费).C. Computerized machinery can’t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventiv e maintenance.D. A high-tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves.65. The underlined word jar probably means _____________ in this context.A. boomB. conflictC. vanishD. expand66. This passage is mainly about ______________.A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD. different views on the current application of Internet TechnologySection CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Essential CreativityIn a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplacethan they had anticipated it would be when they were in school.(67) _____________ It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea iscreated, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is whatcomes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you arecreative in a particular way.One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. (68)_____________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true: creativity extendsto maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature.Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones whomake the greatest changes in the world. Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity.(69) ________________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. Theyneed to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful.It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most importanttime in history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a job. That was it. But now,everyone works hard, goes to university —and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. (70)________________ We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future.IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is done to create pasture (牧场) for beef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic(外来的) species is another threat. The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self-sustaining population. While the local species, which haven’t had a chance to evolve, often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable (i.e. microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms, namely their bodies. Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我家门口的街道成天车水马龙。
2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020届上海市徐汇位育体校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BSpain's tourism industry is looking to Chinese tourists for its high-endmarket, according to Rafael Cascales, president of the Spain-China Tourism Association (ATEC). “It is the kind of tourism that is not only interested in the sun, beach and the “all-included” culture. They enjoy culture, wine, history and nature, and the new Chinese tourists would also want to spend more money in Spain," said Cascales in a recent interview with Xinhua.“They are younger, more women travel and they are more cosmopolitan (见多识广的).They also travel on their own or in couples or in smaller groups. The old-fashioned large groups of visitors have not disappeared, but this new form of traveling is becoming more important,55he said.Speaking of the consumption pattern of the new kind of Chinese tourists, Cascales said, “The money they spend is distributed better because they will book one flight with one airline, the hotel with another company and the restaurant with another.” In his eyes, “Chinese tourists are very important because they combine two things: there are a large number of them and they spend more money than anyone else — almost four times more than tourists from other countries." They not only travel abroad in the summer months when Spain has to compete with the sun and beaches in countries such as Turkey and Egypt, but also travel in the off-peak seasons of a year, according to Cascales.In 2017, Spain is the second most popular tourist destination in the world, only after France. It attracted about 82 million visitors, 700,000 of them from China, a number which is estimated to rise to about 2.2 million by 2022.“We are ready; we have the infrastructure (基础设施) at every level, especially in hotel capacity. Here those visitors can find what they are looking for, including the luxury items which distinguish them,” Cascales noted.4. What are the features of the new Chinese tourists according to Cascales?A. They are cautious about spending money in Spain.B. They are likely to travel in smaller groups now.C. They are only interested in the sun and beach.D. They are mainly male visitors of middle age.5. What can we learn about the consumption pattern of new Chinese tourists?A. They will reserve flights and hotels with different companies.B. They will spend less money than tourists from other countries.C. They will travel abroad only during the off-peak seasons.D. They will spend the money in different cities.6. What is done to meet the demands of Chinese tourists?A. Local cultures in Spain are promoted.B. Well-furnished hotels are provided.C. Best and expensive items are offered for free.D. More shopping sites are constructed.7. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce the tourism industry of Spain.B. To show Spain's desire to attract Chinese tourists.C. To describe the features of Chinese tourists.D. To advertise Spain as a top tourist destination.CA wife’s level of education positively influences both her own and her husband’s chances of having a long life, according to a new Swedish study.In the study, researchers from the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholmfound that a woman’s level of education had a stronger connection to the likelihood of her husband dying over education. What’s more, they discovered that a husband’s social class, based on his occupation, had a greater influence on his wife’s longevity(长寿) than her own class.“Women traditionally take more responsibility for the home than men do, and, as a result, women’s levels of education might be more important for determining lifestyles－for example, in terms of food choices－than those of men,” say Srs. Robert Erikson and Jenny Torssander of the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholm.The results show that a husband’s level of education does not influence his longevity, but that men with partners who had quit studying after school were 25 per cent more likely to die early than men living with women holding university degrees. In turn, those married to women with university degrees were 13 percent more likelyto die early than those whose wives had post-graduate qualifications.According to the researchers, a woman with a good education may not marry a man who drinks and smokes too much or who drives carelessly, and men with such habits may not prefer highly educated woman. Drs. Erikson and Torssander also suggest that better-educated women may be more aware of what healthy eating and good health care consist of.The findings suggest that education has a huge impact on how long and how well people live. It also reflects social factors, since educated individuals usually have better jobs, which allow them to afford healthier diets and lifestyles, as well as better health care.8. In this passage the author intends to ________.A. present the results of a studyB. encourage women to get higher educationC. analyze the relationship between education and lifeD. discuss why women usually live longer than men9. A woman with higher education is likely to ________.A. teach her children wellB. earn more money than her husbandC. marry a man without many bad habitsD. choose a husband with a higher degree than hers10. A wife’s education has more effect on a family than a husband’s because ________.A. women make more sacrifices to their families than men doB. most women have higher degrees than their husbandsC. most men marry women with higher degreesD. women have a leading role in the home life of most families11. We learn from the passage that ________.A. a man with a lot of education lives longer than one with littleB. educated wives tend to choose healthy lifestyles for their familiesC. highly-educated women don’t marry uneducated menD. a man’s longevity depends on not only his wife’s level of education but also his ownDThe World Wildlife Fund (WWF) says more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost, whichtheconservation group says has placed the health of the planet at risk.The WWF recently released its 10th Flagship Living Planet Report. The group warns the condition of the world's animals is worse than its earlier reports showed, indicating worldwide action is needed.The WWF is worried about the loss of and damage to Earth’s environment. The report provides information about more than 10,000 animal populations from 1970 to 2010. These populations are called “vertebrate species,” or animals with backbones — like fish, birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles. The report shows these populations have dropped by 52 percent in just 40 years. It warns freshwater species have fallen by 76 percent, which is almost twice the loss of land and ocean species. Most of these losses are in the tropics, with the biggest drop inLatin America.Marco Lambertini, the WWF’s International Director-General said, “This is about losing natural habitats. This is aboutconvertingforests, grasslands, and wetlands into agriculture mainly, and it is about unsustainable use of wildlife. Illegal hunting has been actually increasing over the last 10 years, which definitely a driving force for extinction, particularly of large species.”The report also notes what it calls the world’s “Ecological Footprint”, that is, the effect of human activities on the planet. Mr. Lambertini says there has been an increase in carbon dioxide gases and the pouring of nitrogen into oceans and rivers from fertilizers used in agriculture, which certainly cannot continue.“We are consuming on average every year about the equivalent of about 1.5, one and a half times the resources available to the planet. That means we are cutting trees more quickly than they can be restored. We are fishing the oceans more quickly than fishing stocks can reproduce, and we are emitting in the atmosphere more CO2than the natural systems can actually absorb, which is clearly not sustainable.”Mr. Lambertini warns climate change affects almost everyone on the planet and that whole species may disappear if the world does not reduce the effects of humans on the climate.12. According to the passage, what kind of species faces the biggest drop in population?A. Land and ocean species.B. Animals with backbones.C. Freshwater species inLatin America.D. Freshwater species in the tropics.13. All the following can contribute to the loss of world’s wildlife population EXCEPT ________.A. turning wildlife habitats into agriculture land.B. making sustainable use of wildlife.C. hunting illegally.D. emitting CO2 gases and pouring nitrogen.14. Which does the underlined word “converting” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Conserving.B. Conveying.C. Exchanging.D. Transforming.15. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. Marco is much concerned about human’s current behaviors towards wildlife.B. what the planet provides now can satisfy human’s sustainable development.C. more than half of the world’s wildlife population has been lost.D. if humans reduce the effects on the climate, the whole species will not disappear.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市徐汇中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案
2020年上海市徐汇中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADive with Big SharksOur shark dive adventures make use of hookah systems and shark cages. A hookah system is a system of providing air from the surface to divers down below. Cage divers breathe by using a regulator connected to an air hose.Is SharkDiving Dangerous?Yes. You could get sunburnt. You could hit your head on the top bunk getting out of bed. You could fall overboard. As for a shark attack,according to the International Shark Attack File,you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or a deer.Pricing & DetailsOne day Cage Diver Adventure S 875Our expert shark diver team will accompany you to the best viewing areas within the Marine Sanctuary.There,we'll drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view you'll never forget.No dive experience is necessary.Our cages sit just below the surface.You'll be able to breathe comfortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage,taking photos and having fun.Top Shark Adventure S 375If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away,we offer great top-side shark viewing from our observation deck. Help scan the horizon for fins and watch for sharks attacking their prey（猎物）.Important NoteThere's No Shark GuaranteeAlthough we go to the best places at the best time of year, we cannot guarantee you'll see sharks. We've been very successful in past shark seasons and expect another incredible year. However, if we see nosharks, there is no refund.1.Which of the following isTRUEabout the two adventures?A.Top Shark Adventure makes use of hookah systems.B.Cage Diver Adventure offers you a view of the bottom of the sea.C.Cage Diver Adventure is less interesting than the other.D.Top Shark Adventure is suitable for those worried about danger.2.What is most likely to happen according to the advertisement?A.you fail to achieve your purpose of the trip.B.you are out of breath deep down in the sea.C.you are hurt by a shark while diving there,D.you suffer from lack of skill in shark diving.3.It can be inferred from the advertisement that shark diving is ________A.difficult but excitingB.challenging and tiringC.amazing and enjoyableD.expensive but popularBWe touch our faces all the time, and it had never seemed to be a big problem—until COVID-19 arrived. Touching our faces—the "T-zone" of our eyes, nose and mouth in particular—can mean giving ourselves the deadly virus.This is why organizations like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have suggested that we avoid touching our faces. "Just stop this simple behavior," William Sawyer, founder of Henry the Hand, a nonprofit organization that promotes hand hygiene (卫生), told The Washington Post. "It's the one behavior that would be better than any vaccine (疫苗) ever created."Yet, stopping this "simple" behavior might be harder than you think because it's already hardwired (固定存在于) into our system.Some face touchingis an automatic reflex (反射) —like when there is an itch (痒) on your nose, you'll scratch (挠) it without thinking. According to CNBC, a 2014 study found that touching your face also helps to reduce stress and regulate emotions. For example, you're more likely to do it when you feel awkward or embarrassed. According to Dacher Keltner, a psychologist at the University of California Berkeley, US, this action may also come with a social function: When you are talking to someone and want to change the subject, for example, touching your face is like "the curtains on a stage, closing up one act of the social drama, ushering (引导) in the next," Keltner told the BBC.Moreover, face-touching in almost all of these occasions is subconscious, which means it's very hard to change "because you don't even know you're doing it", said Sawyer. But you're not alone. In a 2015 study, wherea group of medical students were filmed in class, it was found that they touched their faces an average of 23 timesan hour—with 44 percent of the touches being in the "T-zones". That was particularly surprising since medical students were supposed to know better.Since it's so hard to shake the habit, maybe the easiest way is to wash our hands more often. This way, we can be sure that our hands are free from the novel coronavirus.4. What do the first two paragraphs talk about?A. The best way to fight COVID-19B. How organizations are fighting COVID-19.C. Typical hand hygiene problems in the fight against COVID-19.D. The necessity to avoid touching our faces to fight COVID-19.5. Why is it hard for people to stop touching their faces?A. It makes people feel more confident.B. Many are unaware of this behavior's risks.C. They usually do it automatically and subconsciouslyD. Many think the action helps them express their emotions.6. Which of the following is a social function of touching faces, according to the text?A. Using it as a sign to change the topicB. Bringing a conversation to an end.C. Showing an interest in the ongoing subject.D. Making others feel relaxed while talking.7. What is the author's purpose in mentioning a 2015 study on a group of medical students?A. To give tips on how to stop touching faces.B. To prove that it is common for people to touch their faces.C. To show it is impossible to shake the habit of touching your face.D. To show how hygiene awareness helps people avoid touching their faces.CA former UPS driver and his wife have made history by donating $20 million to Morgan State University – the largest gift any historically black college or university (HBCU) has ever received from a former student. The money, pledged by Calvin Tyler Jr and his wife Tina, will fund scholarships that were established under the Tylers’ name in 2002.Tyler grew up in a low-income family and was forced to drop out of Morgan State University in 1963 becausehe could no longer afford to study. The following year, Tyler saw a job advertisement in a Baltimore newspaper from United Parcel Service and got a job with the company as a driver. He rose through the ranks during his 34-year career at the global shipping company to become its senior vice president of US operations and a member of the board of directors before retiring in 1998.Tyler and his wife, also a Baltimore native, have lived all across the country but he said they have never forgotten their humble beginnings.Their latest pledge follows a $5million commitment they made in 2016 for the fund, which to date has supported 222 students with full or partial scholarships.Marybeth Gasman, a professor at Rutgers University who studies HBCUs, said the gift is significant because public HBCU’s like Morgan State University tend to have a lower alumni giving rate compared to private ones.“For a long time, they weren’t asking alumni to give,” she said. But that has changed in the past couple of decades, she added, and the schools have “started asking alumni to give and creating a culture of philanthropy (慈善) on campus.”David K. Wilson, the president of Morgan State University, said the money will help students for years to come. “Morgan is so proud to call this son and daughter of the great city of Baltimore our own,” he said in a statement. “Through their historic giving, the doors of higher education will most certainly be kept open for generations of aspiring leaders whose financial shortfalls may have kept them from realizing their academic dreams.”“We are forever indebted to the Tylers”.8. Why is Tyler’s donation historic?A. He was a former UPS driver.B. The donation is large enough.C. The donation will fund his scholarships.D. He used to be a student at the university.9. What is a driving force of Tyler’s donation?A. His working experiences.B. His career achievements.C. His promise to the university.D. His past embarrassing situations.10. Which is true about HBCUs according to Gasman?A. They are mainly public universities.B. They are encouraging alumni to donate.C. They rarely accept help from the alumni.D. They have changed little over the decades.11. What can be inferred about Tyler from Wilson’s comments?A. He’s helped many city leaders.B. He’s grateful to his university.C. He’s made great contributions.D. He’s proud of his son and daughter.DA year ago I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off. My mom had spent a lot on my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, took part in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new part of my life.Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was missing my family, my home and everything in my hometown so much and I didn’t know how to deal with my broken heart.To distract myself, I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs. In any free time, I started forcing myself to go to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn’t think about how lonely I felt. Soon after, I began to control my eating, considering it another solution to my homesickness. But soon there was something wrong with me.Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor told me I had no choice but to take time away from school, I started to fear. How could I stop? School was what I was best at. “I’m not so bad,” I thought in my head. But the result was that I was taken to hospital again a month later and my mother camewoefully. I had to take a semester off from school, and go to the treatment center near my home.If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life. Though you may feel alone, there are so many people who can understand your struggle. That’s why I want to share my story.12. Why did the author push herself during high school?A. She wanted to attend the University of San Francisco.B. It cost too much to study in a private school.C. Her parents controlled much of her life.D. Her family put her under pressure,13. What can we know about the author in the first two weeks?A. She couldn't fall asleep because of pressure.B. She couldn't pay attention to her study.C. She couldn't deal with her homesickness.D. She couldn't catch up with others.14. What does the underlined word “woefully” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Sadly.B. Surprisingly.C. Curiously.D. Happily.15. What is the author's purpose in writing this text?A. To look back on her past life.B. To increase her own confidence.C. To express appreciation to her mother.D. To encourage other girls like her to be positive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市徐汇区2020年高考期末质量调研(一模)英语试题及答案(word版)
徐汇区2020~2020学年度第二学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2020.12考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a bank. B. On the street. C. At home. D. In a cafe.2. A. A concert. B. A book sale. C. A banquet. D. An art exhibition.3. A. 50 minutes. B. 25 minutes.C. An hour and a quarter.D. An hour and a half.4. A. The train will arrive on time. B. The train is late due to the storm.C. The woman will take the next train.D. The woman has to wait for the train.5. A. She talks too much. B. She doesn’t like speaking.C. She is always very frank.D. She often talks loudly.6. A. She doesn’t want to have a birthday party. B. She doesn’t like the gift.C. She wants to forget her birthday.D. She doesn’t want to grow old.7. A. The woman doesn’t want to go out in the evening.B. The film is not worth seeing at all.C. The man won’t go to the movies with the woman.D. The man is very tired from his work.8. A. The summer this year is terribly hot. B. Last summer was even hotter.C. Hot weather helps people lose weight.D. Light was stronger this morning.9. A. He should have invited Mary. B. He is doing business with Mary.C. He was not a man of his word.D. He didn’t want to ask Mary to the party.10. A. She would rather invite more people to come.B. They prepared too much food at a previous meeting.C. The family members always eat a lot.D. They should prepare more food and drinks.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and theconversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She was born in a poor family.B. She worked as a doctor in her early life.C. She spent her whole life in London.D. She decided to help the poor when she was young.12. A. Because of the poor living conditions.B. Because she was sent to a settlement house.C. Because of her health problem.D. Because her family moved to another city.13. A. She founded the first settlement house in America.B. She wrote books about the problems faced by the poor.C. She introduced laws to help workers, women, and children.D. She helped those who had come to America from other countries.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They are available in different languages except Russian.B. They are a range of useful desktop publishing packages.C. They are not allowed to be taken out of the college.D. They can help the students with their language learning.15. A. Consult him frequently. B. Use the computer regularly.C. Occupy the computer early.D. Print essays patiently.16. A. Micro-computer lab service. B. Facilities of a college.C. The use of micro-computers.D. The operating of printers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He is the journalist of a local newspaper.B. He is a huge fan of international stories.C. He is an experienced editor of a TV program.D. He is an advocate for environmental protection.18. A. Current trends in economic development.B. Domestic issues of general social concern.C. International relations and foreign policies.D. Conflicts among different political parties.19. A. Based on what the public wants to know.B. By interviewing people who have stories.C. By analyzing the current social problems.D. Based on public expectations and editors’ judgment.20. A. First-hand stories. B. Practical experience.C. Audience’s feedback.D. Educational background.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Grasshopper in Van Gogh PaintingArt conservators(管理员) dream of finding (21)_______(hide) secretsin the masterpieces they look after. Rarely do they expect to find a dead grasshopper.Conservators at the Nelson-Atkins museum of art in Kansas City said theydiscovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent van Gogh’sOlive Trees, when it (22)_______ (scan) as part of the research for a catalogue of its French painting collection.It was spotted by Mary Schafer. She told a local broadcaster that she found it in the work’s lower foreground. “(23)_______(look) at the painting wit h the microscope，I came across the tiny body of a grasshopper covered in the paint, so it (24)_______ have occurred in the wet paint back in 1889.“We can connect it to Van Gogh painting outside, so we think of him battling the elements, dealing with the w ind, the bugs, and then he’s got to walk back to his studio through the fields. What’s fun is that we can come up with all these stories for (25)_______ the insect landed in the paint.”Schafer said they were curious to know if the grasshopper could be studied (26)_______(far) to possibly identify which season Van Gogh painted Olive Trees.Michael Engel, a professor at the University of Kansas, was approached (27)_______(examine) the grasshopper further. He discovered that part of the insect’s body was missing and there was no sign of movement in the surrounding paint. In other words, it was already dead (28)_______ it somehow landed on the artist’s wet canvas and could not be used for dating purposes.Van Gogh painted Olive Trees in 1889, the year after his falling out with his friend Gauguin, (29)_______ may have led to his famous act of self-mutilation in the history of art: cutting off his own ear.The grasshopper may not help in any art historical research but it has become a talking point for museum visitors, looking closely into the painting to see (30)_______ they can spot the dead insect.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. concernsB. illegalC. circulationD. recommendedE. launchedF. conductingG. witnessing H. innovation I. emphasized J. regulations K. criticismsExperts agree that it is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods.In fact, as early as 1988, the State Council released __(31)__ to encourage bank transfers and to reduce using cash during economic activities. Today, the move toward a cashless society could “reduce the r isks of using cash, save on costs and as a matter of convenience, prevent __(32)__ activities such as money laundering(洗钱),” Dong Ximiao, a research fellow at Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin University of China, told the Global Times.But China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also __(33)__ the increase of cashless payment. The rapid development of cashless payments does not mean there are no challenges and __(34)__.Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order goods for delivery from their mobile phones, have come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal. A Hema PR representative told the Global Times that all 13 Hema stores in the country do in fact allow consumers to pay in cash. She noted that Hema store simply __(35)__ consumers to pay via Alipay for convenience purposes.Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation’s two major third-party mobile payment tools, also __(36)__ campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods. Both called for the establishment of a “cashless society”, which caused __(37)__ over whether cash will soon disappear. Dong __(38)__ that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. “As the economy grows, the __(39)__ of cash is still very huge,” noted Dong.“Also, it’s important to remember that nearly half of China’s population lives in rural areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, and therefore is not able to enjoy __(40)__ brought by the Internet,” Dong said. “And when it comes to China’s senior citizens，most of them prefer to use cash in their daily life,” he added.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Eating fast food makes people impatient even when they are not short of time, a new study claims.Students in the study became __(41)__ even when shown the logo of burger chain McDonald’s so quickly on screen that they could not __(42)__ it.Researchers say that daily exposure to fast food brands could have a subliminal(潜意识的) effect on __(43)__, making people hurry regardless of whether they are pushed for time. They conclude: “Our experiments suggest that the __(44)__ goal of saving time embedded in fast food may have the unexpected consequence of causing hurriedness and impatience.”Thinking about fast food increases __(45)__ for time-saving products. “More __(46)__, we found that the mere exposure to fast food symbols reduced people’s willingness to save and led them to prefer immediate __(47)__ over greater future return, finally harming their economic interest.”Student volunteers were quickly shown six logos from fast-food chains —McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC, Subway, Wendy’s and Taco Bell. They could not consciously see what theywere but the subliminal effect was __(48)__. Their reading speed was measured before and after seeing the logos and it was significantly faster afterwards. Participants also preferred time-saving products like three-in-one skincare treatments rather than __(49)__ versions after seeing the logos. When asked whether they would accept a small sum of money immediately or a larger amount in a week’s time, they again chose __(50)__ reward after being exposed to the brands.Researcher Chen-Bo Zhong, assistant professor of organizational behaviour at Canada’s Toronto University, said: “Fast food represents a culture of time efficiency and immediate __(51)__.” The problem is that the goal of saving time gets activated upon exposure to fast food __(52)__ whether time is a relevant factor in the context. “__(53)__, walking faster is time-efficient when one is trying to make a meeting, but it’s a sign of impatience when one is taking a walk in the park.”“We’re finding that the mere exposure to fast food is __(54)__ a general sense of hurriedness and impatience. When I sit in a fast food restaurant, I find myself gobbling(狼吞虎咽) my Big Mac down at this incredible speed even though there is no __(55)__ at all.”41. A. hungry B. stressful C. anxious D. timid42. A. recognize B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall43. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour44. A. common B. unconscious C. primary D. temporary45. A. preferences B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions46. A. naturally B. strikingly C. fortunately D. personally47. A. gain B. proof C. respond D. attention48. A. concealed B. imposed C. edited D. marked49. A. separate B. special C. expensive D. original50. A. potential B. constant C. intense D. instant51. A. cultivation B. resistance C. satisfaction D. awareness52. A. in terms of B. on account of C. regardless of D. with respect to53. A. In other words B. On the contrary C. For example D. In addition54. A. promoting B. assuming C. insulting D. assessing55. A. chance B. sense C. rush D. harmSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One of the most inspiring quotes I ever heard was by Brian Tracy. He said: “The difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more times than unsuccessful people.” I personally experienced the wisdom of that understanding right after my first book was published. Like many authors, I expected hundreds of bookstore customers lini ng up for me to sign copies for them. I’m afraid to say, it didn’t quite happen like that.My first signing was arranged at the largest bookstore in the city. Filled with anticipation, I was put into a private signing room in the beautiful store. Despite a nice sign placed outside the room exhibiting images of both me and my book, not a single customer entered the room. As eachminute passed, I became increasingly anxious.Do they not like the title? I wondered. Do they not like the book cover?After 90 minutes of this torture, I was absolutely distraught.For the four years writing the book, I had felt a sense of mission and purpose like never before in my life. Working a full 8-hour day in my clinic, I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm every day, so I could wake up at 5:30 in the morning and have two hours of writing before heading into my clinic. Before I ever began each writing session, I would close my eyes for 10 minutes and then whisper, “Please grant me the words to touch just one person’s life.”Now, s itting there alone at my first book signing, I wondered if my entire life wasn’t just a big joke. At that moment, just when I couldn’t feel any worse, a middle-aged couple walked into the room. I managed to hide my emotions and introduced myself and my book. There was something different about the way they were looking at me that I couldn’t quite identify. But I didn't know what else to say. The couple turned to each other, and the husband nodded to his wife. She then told me, “I think we’ll get the book.” My heart began to pound. But I realized the woman was trying to say something else.“The reason we’re buying it,” she said hesitantly, “is because our son committed suicide two years ago. Maybe your story will help us get over it.”At that moment, I knew if I never sold another copy of the book, my four years of writing it had served its purpose. Although I would have many more challenging years until my book caught on and sold well, this couple’s story was all the motivation I needed at that point to keep me moving ahead. Thanks to them, I would come to the realization that the greatest of lives are made all in the same way: One challenge... one hurdle... one step... and one small victory at a time.56. The writer quotes Brian Tracy to emphasize the importance of _________.A. conscienceB. successC. confidenceD. perseverance57. The word “distraught” (paragraph 4) probably means _____.A. bored and impatientB. cheerful and proudC. upset and disappointedD. miserable and ashamed58. What can be inferred from paragraph 5?A. The writer had to quit his job to make time for his writing.B. The writer was not sure about the purpose of his writing at first.C. The writing was completed with great self-discipline and efforts.D. The process of writing the book was full of pains and frustration.59. By saying “my four years of writing it had served its purpose”, the author probably means that __________.A. he had succeeded in selling his first book to the coupleB. he had managed to touch someone’s life with his bookC. he was quite satisfied with the feedback of his readersD. he had found someone who appreciated his writing(B)The truth of our modern times is that you probably won’t find a student who does not use mobile applications today. Every student probably knows plenty of applications that fit his or her needs most, but there are still some mobile “helpers” no student should live without.Raise—Save your money with discounted gift cards, especially with the Raise mobile app. Before you buy any back-to-school items, check the Raise app to see if there are any discounted gift cards you can buy to make your dollar go farther. Once you purchase a card, you can instantly use it online or in stores by showing the barcode on your phone — no need to worry about forgetting your gift cards at home.iStudiez Pro —For college students who are attempting to successfully manage a full schedule, iStudiez Pro can help ease your transition into college courses and help you organize your class schedule and plan out your days.iStudiez Pro is the best app for students which combines tracking schedule, homework and grades with a delightful user experience.SelfControl —College students are so easily distracted from the studying process! They always need to check new photos of their friends on Facebook, or share their mood with the world during a lecture. To avoid such distractions, the SelfControl application has been created: it blocks certain websites that can distract you from studying, and it does it for a set amount of time. So, when a lecture is finished, you are welcome to come back to your favorite websites again!Mint —It’s an easy-to-read app that links to all your bank accounts and gives you updates on how much you’ve been spending. It also lets you know what you’ve been spending your money on by organizing your expenses into categories (You may be surprised by how much you dish out on Starbucks after using the app for a while).LifeSite Vault —Parents struggle to make sure their college students have access to key personal documents and accounts, like Social Security numbers and bank account information. That’s where LifeSite Vault can help. It does so by keeping important documents “safe but accessible.” For example, with LifeSite Vault,users can upload everything from their Social Security cards to passports and birth certificates or upload a picture of a medical insurance card.60. The Raise mobile app is supposed to provide __________.A. sales information on school suppliesB. discounted gift cards for school itemsC. online shopping guidelinesD. a barcode on your phone61. If a college student wants to budget his finances and prevent himself from overspending, hewill probably need _________.A. iStudiez ProB. SelfControlC. MintD. LifeSite Vault62. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To help college students increase learning efficiency.B. To recommend some helpful applications to students.C. To compare different types of online learning tools.D. To explain how to use some modern applications.(C)More than five million different kinds of organisms(生物体) live on the Earth. For thousands of years, humans have searched for ways to organize this diversity(多样性). In the eighteenth century, a Swedish professor, physician, and naturalist named Carolus Linnaeus developed the system of naming and classifying organisms that we use today.Linnaeus contributed to the modern classification of organisms in two ways. He first developed a convention for naming life forms.Before Linnaeus came up with a standardized system of naming, there were often many names for a single species, and these names tended to be long and confusing. Linnaeus decided that all species names should be in Latin and should have two parts, one indicating the genus(plural: genera), a group that includes similar species and one indicating the specific name of the species. When written alone, the specific name is meaningless since many different species in different genera have the same specific name. The specific name familiaris, for example, is commonly used to describe species. Therefore, when used by itself, it would not describe any one organism. When the genus is also given, however, as in Canis familiaris, we know that the name refers to a specific organism: the domestic dog.Linnaeus was also the originator of modern taxonomy, a system of classifying nature based on hierarchical(分层的) groupings. Linnaeus first grouped life forms into three broad groups, called kingdoms. These kingdoms were animals, plants, and minerals. He divided each of these kingdoms into classes, classes into orders, orders into genera (genus is singular) and then genera into species, grouping organisms according to shared physical characteristics.Although modern taxonomists still use the hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s classification system as well as his method of grouping organisms according to observable similarities, they have added hierarchical levels and significantly changed Linnaeus’s original groupings. The broadest level of life is now a domain. All living things fit into only three domains. Within each of these domains there are kingdoms. Each kingdom contains phyla (singular is phylum), followed by class, order, family, genus, and species.In addition to the Linnaean kingdoms of plants and animals, biologists recognize prokaryotes, protists, and fungi as separate kingdoms. The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms. They are also the smallest cellular organisms. Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support no other form of life, fall into this category. The protist kingdom is made up of a variety of single-celled or simple multicellular organisms. Protists do not have much in common. They are, essentially, those organisms which do not fit into any other kingdom. Fungi compose a third kingdom. Like plants, the cells of fungi have cell walls, giving them a tube-like structure. However, fungi do not produce their own carbon as plants do. Rather, they acquire nutrients by absorbing and digesting carbon produced by other organisms. Yeasts and mushrooms are examples of fungi.63. The writer gives the scientific name of the domestic dog in paragraph 3 in order to__________.A. demonstrate Linnaeus’s metho d of classificationB. introduce the need for a better system of naming organismsC. criticize the complexity of Linnaeus’s naming systemD. illustrate the necessity of including two parts when naming organism64. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s system for classifying is no longer in use.B. Linnaeus’s original system of classification consisted of 3 domains.C. Linnaeus’s original system of classification is used today with little modific ations.D. Modern taxonomists have added categories and regrouped organisms.65. Which of the following is TRUE about protists?A. They do not share the characteristics of any of the other four kingdoms.B. They are grouped together based on similar characteristics.C. They are limited to single-cell organisms.D. They acquire nutrients by eating other organisms.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Father of Modern TaxonomyB. Classifying OrganismsC. Development in Life FormsD. Linnaeus’s Classification SystemSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Many say collecting toys creates a sense of accomplishment.B. This is also why these adults are sometimes referred to as “kidults”.C. But scientists are probably just worrying too much.D. But this “fact” doesn’t seem to apply to today’s world anymore.E. At one point in our life, we all had and loved our own toys.F. Despite this, some social scientists see the trend as disturbing.Staying young foreverIt used to be a matter of fact when Peter Pan —a character from James Matthew Barrie’s 1911 book —said: “All children, except one, grow up.” (67)________________ According to the NPD Group, a US market research company, sales of toys to adults in the UK increased by more than 20 percent in 2020, three times the pace of the children’s toy market itself. These toys ranged from puzzles and Lego building sets to vehicle models and action figures. And more than half of the sales came from millennials —people born between the 1980s and 2000s.“Adults of the 21st century are channeling their inner child, one toy at a time,” commented website Koreaboo. (68)________________According to Frederique Tutt, an analyst at NPD, the motivation of these grown-ups is to escape the stress of today’s fast-paced world. They are driven toward the more immediate pleasures brought by toys than those brought by, say, getting a promotion, which is far less easy to achieve. “It reminds me of the playful side of life,” Rob Willner, a 25-year-old PhD student in the UK, told The Telegraph when talking about his love for Lego, which he said brings him both comfort and entertainment.(69)________________ To Frank Furendi, a professor at the University of Kent in the UK, the fact that so many adults are pursuing “the thrills of youth” is the evidence that “adulthood has got nothing attractive about it anymore”, he told The New York Times. “That’s actually quite sad.”(70)________________ According to Canadian comic book artist Todd McFarlane, collecting toys could simply be a way for people to express their individuality. “It’s just pop culture stuff. It’s stuff that says, ‘I like a little of this and I like a little of that’,” he told ABC News. “It’s no big deal.”So now that over 100 years have passed since Peter Pan, perhaps it’s time to introduce a new “fact”, as stated in the tagline of the UK fashion brand KIDULT: “Growing old is mandatory(强制的), but growing up is optional.”IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.We see it everywhere. A tired parent, at the end of a stressful day, loses it —and a child suffers. We’d like to help if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene(干涉)? And if we do, will we embarrass and offend the parent, making him or her even more angry with the child? Isn’t it wiser to walk past without comment? After all, none of us is a perfect parent.There seems to be a common assumption in our society that intervening on behalf of a child in a public place is necessarily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world ofdifference between hurtful criticism (“How dare you treat your child like that?”) and helpful intervention done in a caring way (“It can be really hard to meet their needs when you’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”) There is nothing essential in intervention that requires one to be offensive.My friends and I have witnessed some really harmful acts: hitting, severe verbal abuse, hurtful comparisons to brothers and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless and inexperienced to stand up for themselves. That emotional abuse(虐待) leaves no outward scars should not excuse us from helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to step in.There is one more reason for intervening that is nearly always overlooked in these discussions, but which I consider to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on their behalf, and how much it meant: that someone cared, and that the child’s feelings of anger and frustration were recognized and accepted. These adults have stated to me that this one intervention changed their lives and gave them hope. Are we to bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今晚的音乐会门票已全部售罄。
2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题(含听力)(3)
2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题(含听力）(3)一、听力选择题1. What does the man usually do in his spare time?A．Play chess with his grandfather.B．Play video games.C．Do some exercise.2. What are the speakers talking about?A．The man’s weekend plans.B．The man’s school life.C．The man’s friends.3.A．Happy.B．Angry.C．Relaxed.D．Confused.4. What’s the relationship between the speakers?A．Teacher and student.B．Repairman and customer.C．Classmates.5. Which flight will the man reserve?A．At 16:45.B．At 18:00.C．At 18:45.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What has the man found?A．An old door.B．A secret dinner.C．An interesting wall.2. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Boss and secretary.B．Father and daughter.C．Husband and wife.3. Where are the speakers?A．In a shop.B．In a house.C．In a castle.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Where are the speakers?A．In a restaurant.B．In a bookstore.C．In a supermarket.2. What does the man have to do now?A．Wait for his turn.B．Sign his name.C．Call his friend.8. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷
2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.Once upon a time …Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers． At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure ﹣ a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard．（1）________（inspire）， the brothers began collecting their own stories， listening to the folktales people told them． Soon they produced their own treasure ﹣ a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations （2）________（come）．The brothers Grimm， Jacob and Wilhelm，named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812． The collection （3）________（translate） into more than 160 languages up to now． The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media： theatre， opera， comic books， movies， paintings， rock music， advertising and fashion．Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms． During their lifetimes the collection （4）________（sell）few copies in Germany． The early editions were not even aimed at children． They had no illustrations， and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales （5）________． Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time （6）________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon． The new rulers restricted local culture． As young scholars， the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany．（7）________ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales， Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857． In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents， he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles． To this day， parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories： keep your promises，don’t talk to strangers，work hard， obey your parents．Yet （8）________ all Wilhelm’s additions， the most important part of these stories was left untouched． The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents．So what accounts for their popularity？ Some have suggested that it is （9）________ the characters are always striving for happiness． But the truth probably lies in their origin．Grimms’ tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries （界限） of age or culture．The brothers’ skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror （10）________ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them． And so it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after．Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A． distributedB． absolutelyC． infections D． consumeE． harborF． relianceG． potential H． specific I． originate J． respectively K． revealedMicroplastic PollutionIn the past few years， scientists have found microplastics in our soil， tap water， bottled water， beer and even in the air we breathe．And there’s growing concern about the （1）_______health risks they poseto humans．The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely （2）_______ across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled． More than 1，000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame， which was （3）_______ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide． Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland， two or three pieces per litre were found．Microplastics are not a （4）_______ kind of plastic， but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U．S． National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration． They may （5）_______ from a variety of sources， including cosmetics， clothing， and industrial processes．Humans are known to （6）_______ the tiny plastic particles through food and water， but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined． One study， in Singapore， has found that microplastics can （7）_______ harmful microbes （微生物）．Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches． They included insects that cause gastroenteritis （肠胃炎） and wound （8）_______ in humans．"Microplastics are being found （9）_______ everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing，" said Christian Dunn at Bangor University， Wales， who led the work．"It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying：‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was．’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think， as a country and a world， how we can be reducing our （10）_______on plastic．"III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour﹣force participation rate of 55﹣ to 64﹣year﹣olds in OECD （Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development） countries has risen by eight percentage points． A new OECDreport, “Working Better with Age”, points out that the employment of older workers is （1）_______, if prosperity is to be maintained． That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）_______the value of its older employees．Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours． No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently． But work can keep the mind active and gives people a （3）_______ in life． The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but （4）_______is sure to come． Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal．（5）_______, the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require （6）_______, rather than manual, labour． Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to （7）_______． That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age．（8）_______, the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years． In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work﹣related pensions to supplement it．However, companies are gradually （9）_______ pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes． Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be（10）_______． The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates． Women tend to have smaller retirement pots （thanks to their years spent raising children）, making their difficulties even more （11）_______． They need to keep working．Older workers may feel （12）_______, particularly when it comes to promotion． Two issues seem to hold （13）_______ back． The first is that older workers tend to （14）_______ higher salaries, because of the seniority system． The second is a （15）_______of skills; one in three 55﹣ to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests． Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over﹣55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes．（1）A.shortsightedB.vitalC.adequateD.unnecessary（2）A.recognizingB.assessingC.questioningD.transforming（3）A.frameB.choiceC.lessonD.purpose（4）A.libertyB.boredomC.priorityD.motivation（5）A.HoweverB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Furthermore（6）A.mentalB.simpleC.physicalD.routine（7）A.proceedB.continueC.persistD.quit（8）A.In conclusionB.In other wordsC.In practiceD.In particular（9）A.replacingB.furnishingC.increasingbining（10）A.registeredB.reinvestedC.refundedD.removed（11）A.personalB.severeC.emotionalD.practical（12）petitiveB.dominantC.distinguishedD.disadvantaged（13）A.employersB.researchersC.employeesD.female workers （14）mandB.ensureC.opposeD.ignore（15）A.rangeB.disciplineC.shortageD.setSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer （编舞）． Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil． She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it．A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo． Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame．Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success． In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2, 212 performances, both around the nation and abroad． In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award．But the success of Oklahoma! didn’t bring her much happiness． She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations． She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine． I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy． I talked to Martha．”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century．（Although not as well﹣known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright．）During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration．“I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be．”Graham responded by saying,“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique． And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost． The world will not have it． It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions． It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open．”（1）What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo？________A. Itearned her a large fortune．B. It made her rise to fame overnight．C. It didn’t enjoy much success．D. It laid a solid foundation for her career．．（2）How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!？________A. Relieved．B. Ashamed．C. Confused．D. Proud．．（3）Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham________．A. was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB. enjoyed the same popularity as themC. had been influenced greatly by themD. was the most influential artist in her field．（4）Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage？________A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness．B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you．C. Your action reveals the inner landscape， which is the soul of music．D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life．（1）Compared to traditional houses， container houses are________．A. easier to maintainB. less expensive to buildC. more comfortable to live inD. more fashionable in style．（2）What can be learned about Amsterdam’s Keetwonen complex？________A. It is the first container city in the world．B. It’s equipped with modern facilities．C. It features a luxury and unique style．D. It includes living space and car parks．．（3）Which of the following is the best title for the poster？________A. Recycled material for Ideal HomeB. Shipping Container Home ChallengesC. Home in a Steel BoxD. Housing Options and Solutions．On August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America’s east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric﹣car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm’s path would find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge． Like many modernvehicles, Mr．Musk’s products are best thought of as internet﹣connected computers on wheels． The cheaper models in Tesla’s line﹣up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car’s software in order to limit their range． At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries．Mr．Musk’s computerized cars are just one example of a much broa der trend． As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, inthemselves, computers, creating an “internet of things”．Such a world will bring many benefits． Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non﹣computerized versions cannot． Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable．In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works． Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere． As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one．Start with ownership． As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods． That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear． When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought （the firm offered refunds）． That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller．Virtual business models will ________ in the physical world． Tech firms are generally happy to move fast andbreak things． But you cannot release the beta version （测试版） of a fridge． Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two． But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more． Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on．Data will be another flashpoint．For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free” services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent （同意） that is half﹣informed at best． In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical． In the real one, they will feel more urgent．Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard ﹣ especially one as universal as computing． The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry﹣eyed optimism． These days the internet’s faults dominate the headlines． But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution ﹣ which should give them some idea of what to expect．（1）From the passage we can tell that Tesla can________．A. drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB. adjust the range of its battery powerC. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD. operate when the battery is fully drained．（2）Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments” mentioned in the passage？________A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest．B. The insurance company uses dat a from fitness trackers to adjust customers’ premiums（保费）．C. Computerized machinery can’t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance．D. A high﹣tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves．．（3）The underlined word ________ probably means________ in this context．A. boomB. conflictC. vanishD. expand．（4）This passage is mainly about________．A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD. different views on the current application of Internet Technology．Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A． Creativity is associated with many factors．B． Rather， they should work to expand， grow， and exercise it．C． Without creativity， we are indistinguishable from the masses．D． However， creativity can be acquired at any age．E．It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from．F． Everyone has the capacity to be creative．Essential Creativity In a recent survey in America， 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school．（1）________ It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which par ts are firing when an idea is created，but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified． Creativity is what comesto you when you least expect it． You cannot demand creativity from your mind， nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way．One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people． This is not true．（2）________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’t true： creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature．Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world． Consequently， it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity．（3）________ Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense． They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful．It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it． It used to be that people worked hard， went to university， and got a job． That wasit． But now， everyone works hard， goes to university ﹣and there aren’t the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future．（4）________ We can use it to set ourselves apart， and channel it to face the challenges of the future．IV．Summary WritingDirections：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area． During the last 100 years， scientists have seen a great declinein biodiversity． Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction． It is estimated that 140，000 species of plants are lost each year．Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans． The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests． Most of this destruction is done to create pasture （牧场） for beef cattle． Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming， which supplies beef to therest of the world． It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced， 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed． The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption．The introduction of exotic （外来的） species is another threat． The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife， which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species． When exotic species are introduced to a place， they try to establish a self﹣sustaining population． While the local species，which haven’t had a chance to evolve， often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species．The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem． It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable（i．e． microscopic plants， decaying matter， etc．） into usable forms， namely their bodies． Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species． This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living， and less capable of producing resources that humans need．V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.我家门口的街道成天车水马龙．（crowd）________中国女排成功卫冕世界冠军，给全国人民以极大的鼓舞．（succeed）________本次“城市公共交通周”的活动旨在提高公众节能环保的意识．（aim）________我实在想不通为什么大伙儿都觉得他这个人高不可攀，我印象中他挺和蔼可亲的．（strike）________VI. Guided WritingDirections： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假设你是陈芳．你的好友王敏是新华中学的学生，下个月将去英国的姐妹校交流访问．王敏想拍摄一个短片，向英国的同学和老师介绍自己的学校．她通过邮件向你征求意见．写一封回信，内容须包括：1、短片的主题以及与之匹配的主要内容；2、你选择这些内容的理由．参考答案与试题解析2020年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.【答案】Inspired,to come,has been translated,wassold,themselves,when,Though/Although/While,despite,because,what/whatever【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】本文讲述了格林童话的作者的写作经历，分析了受欢迎的原因是格林的故事是在没有年龄和文化界限的讲故事传统的基础上诞生的．【解答】（1）Inspired．考查派生词．做状语，说明主语the brothers 的状态，表示“受到鼓舞的”，用形容词Inspired．（2）to come．考查动词不定式．做定语，修饰名词 generations ，表示“将要到来的”，用动词不定式to come．（3）has been translated．考查谓语动词．和时间状语 up to now一致，用现在完成时态，和主语 The collection 构成被动关系，谓语动词用has been translated．（4）was sold．考查谓语动词．根据时间状语During their lifetimes，可知谓语动词用过去式，和主语 the collection 构成被动关系，用was sold．（5）themselves．考查反身代词．代指 the tales ，表示强调，用反身代词themselves．（6）when．考查定语从句．修饰先行词a time ，做定语从句Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon的时间状语，用关系词when．（7）Though/Although/While．考查状语从句．本句表示“虽然兄弟俩暗示他们只是在记录故事，威廉继续润色和重塑故事，直到1857年的最终版本．”，所以引导让步状语从句 the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales，用Though/Although/While．（8）despite．考查介词．修饰名词all Wilhelm’s additions，表示“尽管”，用介词despite．（9）because．考查表示表语从句．本句表示“这是因为角色总是在追求幸福”，所以引导表语从句the characters are always striving for happiness，用连词because．（10）what/whatever．考查宾语从句．引导宾语从句 moods or interests we bring to our reading of them，做从句的宾语，用what/whatever．Section BDirections： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.【答案】G． potential,Adistributed,K． revealed,H． specific,I． originate,Dconsume,Eharbor,Cinfections,Babsolutely,Frelia nce【考点】选词填空【解析】在过去的几年里，科学家们在我们的土壤、自来水、瓶装水、啤酒甚至我们呼吸的空气中发现了微型塑料，人们越来越担心它们给人类带来的潜在健康风险．本文从多个研究角度呼吁人们需要想想，作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何才能减少对塑料的依赖．【解答】（1）G． potential．考查单词填空．根据句意“人们越来越担心它们给人类带来的潜在健康风险”可知表示“潜在的” 用G． potential．（2）A． distributed．考查单词填空．根据句意“微型塑料广泛分布在所有10个湖泊和河流中．”可知表示“分布” 用A． distributed．（3）K． revealed．考查单词填空．根据句意“塔姆河每升发现1000多小块塑料，去年被发现是世界上污染最严重的地方”可知表示“揭示，发现” 用K． revealed．（4）H． specific．考查单词填空．根据句意“微塑料不是一种特定类型的塑料”可知表示“特定的” 用H． specific．（5）I． originate．考查单词填空．根据句意“它们可以来源于多种来源，包括化妆品、服装和工业过程”可知表示“来源于” 用 I． originate．（6）D． consume．考查单词填空．根据句意“类通过食物和水摄入这些微小的塑料颗粒，”可知表示“摄入” 用 D． consume．（7）E． harbor．考查单词填空．根据句意“新加坡的一项研究发现，微型塑料可能藏匿有害微生物．”可知表示“藏匿” 用 E． harbor．（8）C． infections．考查单词填空．根据句意“其中包括引起人类肠胃炎和伤口感染的昆虫．”可知表示“” 用in humans．（9）B． absolutely．考查单词填空．根据句意“微型塑料绝对是在任何地方都能被发现”可知表示“绝对” 用B． absolutely．（10）F． reliance．考查单词填空．根据句意“作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何才能减少对塑料的依赖．”可知表示“依赖” 用 F． reliance．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.【答案】BADBDADCABBDAAC【考点】社会文化【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们为了自己的选择和需要而工作更长时间．【解答】（1）B 考查形容词． A． shortsighted近视； B． vital重要的； C． adequate充足的； D． unnecessary没必要的；如果要保持繁荣，老年工人的就业至关重要．根据下一句"That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally （2）the value of its older employees“这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值．”可知老年员工很重要．故选B．（2）A 考查动词．A． recognizing辨认出； B． assessing评估； C． questioning质问； D． transforming转变；这可以看作是我们的社会终于认识到老员工的价值．故选A．（3）D 考查名词．A． frame框架； B． choice选择； C． lesson教训； D． purpose目的；但是工作可以让你的头脑保持活跃，给人们一个生活的目标．根据上一句“But work can keep the mind active ”可知说的是工作的好处．故选D．（4）B 考查名词．A． liberty自由； B． boredom无聊； C． priority优先； D． motivation动机；退休的头一个月可能看起来很愉快，但无聊肯定会到来．根据下一句“spending all week at home can lead to loneliness．”可知不工作会很无聊．故选B．（5）D 考查副词．A． However然而； B． Instead代替； C． Therefore因此； D． Furthermore此外；此外，同事的陪伴提供了一个社交网络．故选D．（6）A 考查形容词．A． mental精神的； B． simple简单的； C． physical身体的； D． routine日常；既然大多数工作都需要脑力劳动，而不是体力劳动，那么延长工作时间应该会更容易些．根据下一句" rather than manual， labour而不是体力劳动，"可知是脑力劳动．故选A．（7）D 考查动词．A． proceed继续； B． continue继续； C． persist坚持； D． quit退出；当然，许多人之所以延长工作时间，并不是因为他们喜欢自己的工作，而是因为他们无力辞职．故选D．（8）C 考查介词短语．A． In conclusion总之； B． In other words换句话说； C． In practice实际上； D． In particular尤其；实际上，平均年龄实际退休的人与官方规定的年龄相差几年，故选C．（9）A 考查动词．A． replacing代替； B． furnishing装饰； C． increasing增加； D． combining联合；然而，公司正逐步用“固定缴款”计划取代与最终工资挂钩的养老金．故选A．（10）B 考查动词．A． registered 注册；B． reinvested投资； C． refunded退款； D． removed移动；在后者下，工人退休时会有一笔储蓄，需要再投资．故选B．（11）B 考查形容词．A． personal个人的； B． severe严重的； C． emotional感情的； D． practical实践的；这要感谢在抚养孩子的这几年里，他们的困难更加严重，他们需要继续工作．故选B．（12）D 考查形容词．A． competitive有竞争力的； B． dominant优势； C． distinguished杰出的；D． disadvantaged劣势；老年工人可能会感到处于不利地位，尤其是在晋升方面．年老的工人在晋升方面肯定是不利的．故选D．（13）A 考查名词．A． employers雇主； B． researchers研究员 C． employees顾工； D． female workers女工人；有两个问题似乎阻碍了雇主的发展．根据下文的“工人要求更高的薪水，技术的短缺”都是雇主需要考虑的问题．故选A．（14）A 考查动词．A． command要求； B． ensure确保； C． oppose反对； D． ignore忽视；首先是年长的工人往往要求更高的薪水．故选A．（15）C 考查名词．A． range范围； B． discipline纪律； C． shortage短缺； D． set放置；第二个问题是技能短缺．根据下一句“one in three 55﹣ to 65﹣year﹣olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests．在经合组织国家，55至65岁的人中，有三分之一要么缺乏计算机经验，要么无法通过技术测试．”可知是技术的短缺．故选C．Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.【答案】CCD B【考点】议论文阅读科教类阅读【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了艾格尼丝•德米勒作为一名舞蹈演员和编舞在职业生涯中获得的成功．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段A few years later， de Mille choreographed a ballet namedRodeo． Again， she thought her work was solid， but it resulted in little commercial fame．几年后，德•米勒设计了一部名为“罗多”的芭蕾舞剧，她又一次认为自己的作品是扎实的，但它并没有带来多少商业上的名气．可知德米勒的芭蕾舞剧《牛仔竞技》它没有获得多少成功；故选C．（2）C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段 She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations．她以为她在俄克拉荷马州工作！与她的其他作品相比只是一般的．可知德米勒对音乐剧《俄克拉荷马州》的巨大成功感到困惑；故选C．（3）D．细节理解题．根据文章第五段Martha was Martha Graham， perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century．（Although not as well﹣known by the general public， Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright．玛莎是玛莎•格雷厄姆，也许是20世纪最有影响力的舞蹈编导．（虽然公众并不那么有名，格雷厄姆被比作其他创作天才，如毕加索或弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特．可知文中提到毕加索和弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特是为了暗示玛莎•格雷厄姆是她所在领域最有影响力的艺术家；故选D．（4）B．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段The world will not have it． It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions． It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly， to keep the channel open．这个世界不会拥有它．这不是你的事来决定它有多好，它有多有价值，它如何与其他表达方式相比．保持它的清晰和直接，保持频道开放是你的事．可知雷厄姆会认为你应该时刻保持对激励你的欲望的开放；故选B【答案】BBC【考点】应用文阅读广告布告类阅读【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个地区的集装箱的房子的特点以及其里面的一些设施【解答】（1） B 细节理解题．根据第一段“Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses． These 20﹣or 40﹣foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece， and it’s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city pla nners consider them the future of home building． Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers．装箱作为传统房屋的替代品越来越受欢迎．这些20英尺或40英尺的集装箱每件只要几百美元就可以买到，一些行业专业人士甚至城市规划师认为它们是房屋建筑的未来也就不足为奇了用集装箱建造的房子．”可知集装箱房子建造成本更低．故选B．（2） B 细节理解题．根据倒数第二段“Eac h resident enjoys a bathroom， kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters． The complex even has central heating and high﹣speed internet as well as areas for parking bikes．每个居民都有浴室、厨房和独立的睡眠和学习区．该综合楼甚至有中央暖气和高速互联网以及停放自。
2019.12.19【高三一模】2020届徐汇区高三英语一模(1)
2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120 分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.B. Trying on a piece of clothing.D. Attending a fashion show.3. A. Make a budget.C. Decorate the living room.4. A. She didn ' t get the promotion.C. She is not in good mood.5. A. The man needs to arrive earlier.C. The woman dislikes air travel.6. A. He has earned a big fortune.C. He has little money.7. A. He didn ' t attend the ceremony.C. He forgot to take his cell phone.8. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C. Ask for a progress report on the project.9. A. He doesn ' t need a vacation.C. He is afraid of losing the job.10. A. No seats are available now.B. Buy the painting.D. Bargain with the art dealer.B. She doesn ' t look attractive.D. She can ' t stand foggy days.B. The woman has to work overtime.D. The man wants to save money.B. He is good at saving.D. He spends money like water.B. He took a lot of precious pictures.D. His recorded the ceremony with his camera.B. Encourage his staff to work harder.D. Hold a conversation with hisemployeesB. The company is short of hands.2. A. To the library.B. To theschool.C. To thecafeteria.D. To thecinema.1. A. Buying a handbag.C. Taking a picture.D. The boss told him to take a chance.B. It ' s not the right time to enter.第 1 页共30 页v1.0 可编辑可修改C. It ' s too dark for him to find the seat.D. She can t get in until the interviewends.第 2 页共30 页Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will beasked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. Wheny ou hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. More cheerful. B. Less stressed. C. More resolute. D. Less attractive. 12.A. To find out how clothes can affect people' s feelings.B. To show how scientists pay more attention to details.C. To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats.D. To test the effect of clothes on people ' s attention. 13.A. Body movements change the way people think.B. How people dress can change their appearance.C. What people wear can affect their performance.D. People doing different jobs wear different clothes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A. Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 第 3 页共 30 页B. People trained to respond to medical emergencies.C. Super heroes devoted to defending the earth.D. Doctors and nurses who provide medical services. 15.A. Decent and promising.C. Tough and stressful.16. A. Passing a physical training program.C. Possessing a medical school diploma.B. Busy but secure. D. Demanding but well-paid. B. Getting a certificate in CPR （ 心肺复苏术 ）.D. Keeping calm in any situation.17. A. 18-26. B. 27-35.18. A. Jogging. B. Swimming.19. A. Launch a new promotion campaign.C. Increase the production of athletic shoes.20. A. Make products more appealing.C. Focus on fitness business.C. 36-45.D. 46-55.C. Tennis.D. Cycling.B. Carry out another survey.D. Hold more athletic competitions.B. Follow the trend.D. Target older customers.第 4 页共30 页II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard. (21) (inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure — a book of fairy tales that would charm millionsin faraway lands for generations (22) __ (come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children 's and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23) _____________ (translate) into more than 160 languagesup to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24) (sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. Theyhad no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) ______________ . Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26) ______ Germany had been occupied by theFrench under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27) ______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continuedto polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories: keep yourpromises, don ' t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28) ______ all Wilhelm ' s additions, the most important part of these stories was left第 5 页共30 页untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories 'bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity Some have suggested that it is (29) the charactersare always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms ' tales wereborn out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers ' skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30) moods orinterests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimms ' fairy tales lived happilyever after.第 6 页共30 页Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Microplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water,beer and even in the air we breathe. And there ' s growing concern about the ________ 31 _____ health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely ______ 32 across all 10 lakesand rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame,which was _____ 33 _____ last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre werefound.Microplastics are not a _____ 34 _____ kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.They may ______ 35 _____ from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrialprocesses.Humansa re known to ____ 36 _____ the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can 37 ______ harmful microbes （微生物）.Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 piecesof microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis （肠胃炎） and wound ___ 38 _____ in humans.“ Microplastics are being found ______ 39 _____ everywhere but we do not know the harm they couldbe doing, ” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “ It ' s no use looking第7 页共30 页back in 20 years ' time and saying: ‘ If only we ' d realized just how bad it was. ' We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our _____ 40 ____ on plastic. ”第8 页共30 页III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections : For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 2008, the average labour-force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries has risen by eight percentage points. A new OECD r eport, “Working Better with Age ”, points out that the employment of older workers is 41 , if prosperity is to be maintained. That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally 42 the value of its older employees.Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours. No longer do youhave to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently. But work can keep the mind active and gives people a _____ 43 _____ in life. The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but ________ 44 _____ is sure to come. Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal._____ 45 ____ , the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness.Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require _______ 46 ____ , rather than manual, labour.Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to _____________ 47 ____ . That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirementage. _____48 ____ , the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age byseveral years. In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work-related pensions to supplement it.However, companies are gradually __ 49 ______ pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution ” schemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be __________50 ____ . The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates. Women tendto have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children), making their difficulties even more __________________ 51 _____ . They need to keep working.Older workers may feel ___ 52 ____ , particularly when it comes to promotion. Two issues seemto hold ____ 53 _____ back. The first is that older workers tend to _____ 54 _____ higher salaries, becausev1.0 可编辑可修改第9 页共30 页v1.0 可编辑可修改of the seniority system. The second is a 55 _____ of skills ；one in three 55- to 65-year-olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests. Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over-55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes.41. A.B. vitalC. adequateD. unnecessaryshortsighted42. A. recognizing B. assessing C. questioning D. transforming43. A. frame B. choice C. lesson D. purpose44. A. liberty B. boredom C. priority D.m otivation45. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Furthermore46. A. mental B. simple C. physical D.r outine47. A. proceedC. persistD. quitB. continue48. A. Inconclusion B. In other words C. In practice D. In particular49. A. replacing B. furnishing C. increasing D. combining50. A. registered B. reinvested C. refunded D. removedD. practical51. A. personal B. severe C. emotional52. A. competitive B. dominant C. distinguished D. disadvantaged53. A. employers B. researchers C. employees D. female workers54. A. command B. ensure C. oppose D. ignore55. A. range B. discipline C. shortage D. setSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille had createdthe choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil . She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it.A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work wasv1.0 可编辑可修改solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame.Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. Inthe coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award.But the success of Oklahoma! didn 't bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the opening of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha .”Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century.(Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright.)During their conv ersation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration.“I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.”Graham responded by saying, “There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translate d through you intoaction, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have第 11 页共 30 页it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.de Mille ' s ballet named RodeoB. It made her rise to fame overnight.C. It didn ' t enjoy much success.D. It laid a solid foundation for her career.57. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!56. What can be learned about A. It earned her a large fortune.A. Relieved.B. Ashamed.C. Confused.D. Proud.58. Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha GrahamA. was outstanding in visual arts and architectureB. enjoyed the same popularity as themC. had been influenced greatly by themD. was the most influential artist in her field59. Which of the following statements best represents Graham' s words in this passageA. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness.B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you.C. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music.D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life.(B)Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses. These 20-orthe kitchen and living room. The second floor is the bedroom, and the top floor is a studio spacein which to work, read and 60. Compared to traditional houses, container houses are ___ .A. easier to maintainB. less expensive to buildC. more comfortable to live inD. more fashionable in style61. What can be learned about Amsterdam ' s Keetwonen complexA. It is the first container city in the world.B. It ' s equipped with modern facilities.40-f oot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece, and it ' s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners considerbuilding. Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers. London Container City(I and II)London ' s Container City first sprang up in the heart of the docklandsin 2001. It took just five months to complete the original 12 work studios.Shortly after that, a fourth floor of studios and living apartments was built on top of these. The first container city was so successful that another— was added to it.Los Angeles Redondo Beach housethem the future of home With its modern lines and appealing spaces, the award-winning RedondoBeach House is a luxury beachside showpiece built from eight recycledsteel shipping containers, along with some traditional building materials.According to the architects,the modified containers are indestructible ” Amsterdam KeetwonenAmsterdam ' s massive Keetw onen complex houses 1,000 students and it is the largest containercity in the world. The housing project is a roaring success and featuresunits that are quiet and comfortable. Each resident enjoys a bathroom,kitchen and separate sleeping and studying quarters. The complex evenhas central heating and high-speed internet as well as areas for parkingbikes.Mexico M2ATK Container HouseM2ATKd esigned this unique container house for an artist. It ' s fully equipped with heating andcooling, a kitchen and bathroom. On the bottom floor of the house are ‘ public spaces ” such aslet fly the imaginationContainer City II nearlyC. It features a luxury and unique style.62. Which of the following is the best title for the posterA. Recycled material for Ideal HomeC. Home in a Steel BoxD. It includes living space and carparks.B. Shipping Container Home ChallengesD. Housing Options and Solutions(C)On August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America 's east coast, Elon Musk, the bossof Tesla, an electric-car maker, announced that some of his customers in the stor m's path would findthat their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge. Like many modern vehicles, Mr. Musk's products are best thought of as internet -connected computers on wheels. The cheaper models in Tesla 's line- up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car 's softwarein order to limit their range. At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries.Mr. Musk 's computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend. As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an “internet of things ”.Such a world will bring many benefits. Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non-computerized versions cannot. Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable.In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works. Ever more companieswill become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere. As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one.Start with ownership. As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods. That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear. When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July,for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought (the firm offered refunds). That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller.Virtual business models will jar in the physical world. Tech firms are generally happy to movefast and break things. But you cannot release the beta version ( 测试版) of a fridge. Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two. But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more. Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on.Data will be another flashpoint. For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free ”services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent ( 同意) that is half-informed at best. In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical. In the real one, they will feel more urgent.Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard —especially one as universal as computing. Theemergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry-eyed optimism. These days the internet 's faults dominate the headlines. But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution —which should give them some idea of what to expect.63. From the passage we can tell that Tesla can _______ .A. drive faster than usual in extreme weatherB. adjust the range of its battery powerC. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboardD. operate when the battery is fully drained64. Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments ” mentioned in the passageA. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest.B. The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers ' premiums（保费）.C. Computerized machinery can 't predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance.D. A high-tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves.65. The underlined word jar probably means _________________ in this context.A. boomB. conflictC. vanishD. expand66. This passage is mainly about __________ .A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objectsB. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expectC. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devicesD. different views on the current application of Internet Technologyv1.0 可编辑可修改Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Creativity is associated with many factors.B. Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it.C. Without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses.D. However, creativity can be acquired at any age.E. It ' s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from.F. Everyone has the capacity to be creative.Essential CreativityIn a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to successin the workplace than they had anticipated it would be when they were in school.(67) ______________ It is of course possible to scan people ' s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way.One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is nottrue. (68) ______________ Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simplyisn ' t true: c reativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature.Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make their ideas a realityare the ones who make the greatest changes in the world. Consequently, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. (69) ____________________ Students should be taught to ask questionsand investigate when things do not make sense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful.It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this isv1.0 可编辑可修改the most important time in history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university,and got a job. That was it. But now, everyone works hard, goes to university —and there aren ' t the第17 页共30 页jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. (70) _______________ Wec an use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future.IV ．Summary WritingDirections : Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is done to create pasture （牧场） for beef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way for cattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic （外来的） species is another threat. The latest research from theUniversity of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self- sustaining population. While the local species, which haven' t had a chance to evolve, often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but alsoto the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable . microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.） into usable forms, namely their bodies.Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.V. Translation。
2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--听力部分--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Husband and wife. B. Secretary and boss.C. Teacher and student.D. Air hostess and passenger.2. A. On July 18th. B. On July 19th. C. On July 20th. D. On July 21st.3. A. Pastimes. B. Occupations.C. Performance skills.D. Musical instruments.4. A. Do the laundry. B. Make a promise.C. Go to the stadium.D. Clean his bedroom.5. A. He is too tired to move. B. He is willing to lend a hand.C. He suggests dining out tonight.D. He expects Marilyn to cook tonight.6. A. The man is hesitant about the offer.B. The man is not excited about the offer.C. The man is going to be a vice president.D. The man is sure he is qualified for the job.7. A. The woman can’t wait to buy an iPhone.B. The woman is eager to see the new iPhone.C. The man doesn’t care about the new iPhone.D. The man ordered the woman to buy him an iPhone.8. A. She showed no interest in the exhibition.B. The exhibition is unexpectedly satisfactory.C. She could not find her favourite exhibit anywhere.D. She thought the exhibition could have been better.9. A. Jane is always ready to solve problems.B. The man has already asked a favor of Jane.C. Jane is the last one who can solve the problem.D. She suggests the man should not ask Jane for help.10. A. Ellen is very worried about the reading project.B. Students don’t want to spend more time reading.C. V olunteers are supposed to set aside time for reading.D. V olunteers will get free books if they fulfill the schedule.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. His childhood dream. B. The fate similar to Iqbal’s.C. His experience in Pakistan.D. A sad story of a child slave.12. A. To establish a food company.B. To provide access to clean water.C. To help people get rid of poverty.D. To create impact through education.13. A. Kids should struggle for human rights.B. Kids can make a difference to the world.C. Kids are expecting too much of the world.D. Kids are too young to voice their opinions.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It looks like a van with wings.B. Not enough pilots are available.C. It needs a large space for parking.D. It can’t be reserved on the smartphones.15. A. No model has been announced a success yet.B. The Bell Nexus will be introduced to the public soon.C. Bell is cooperating with Uber in working out models.D. Boeing and Airbus have already developed new models.16. A. Air flight. B. Flight plan. C. Flying cars. D. New helicopters. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Math. B. Sports. C. Geology. D. Biology.18.A. Because he has to hand in his list of grades first.B. Because he is eager to apply for a student loan first.C. Because he has to decide which major to choose first.D. Because he has to finish some extra work for his teacher.19.A. Robert has to pay for his sister’s education.B. Robert took different science courses in high school.C. Robert will enter the university next spring semester.D. Robert did well in academic performance in high school.20.A. Job interview. B. Major selection.C. University application.D. Academic background.Keys: 1-10: BBACD ABDDC 11-13: DAB 14-16: BCC 17-20: DABCI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, readthe four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a cosmetics shop. B. In a hospital.C. In a nutrition department.D. In a supermarket.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Editor and publisher.C. Student and professor.D. Writer and reader.3. A. Open a wedding company. B. Try a new restaurant.C. Run his own bakery.D. Buy some insurance.4. A. The package is too big to deliver.B. The delivery can be made automatically.C. The woman will have lunch with the man.D. The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning.5. A. He was most difficult to satisfy. B. He set many special requirements.C. He inspected the project regularly.D. He was as common as other customers.6. A. An amazing book. B. A great woman.C. A scientific field.D. A strong voice.7. A. He himself is a big fan of Hepburn. B. He does not think the girl is like Hepburn.C. H e felt puzzled by girls’ love for Hepburn.D. He does not know anything about Hepburn.8. A. When to do mind-wandering. B. Where to have physical activities.C. How to keep attentive in a lecture.D. How to take notes in a lecture.9. A. Ordinary. B. Practical. C. Disturbing. D. Unrealistic.10. A. Decorating the company. B. Finishing a painting.C. Preparing a presentation.D. Restructuring the budget.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 2. B. 11. C. 21. D. 30.12. A. A horse. B. A dog. C. A pig. D. A cat.13. A. More annoyed. B. Less anxious. C. More frightened. D. Less shocked. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Its clear aim. B. Its evaluation process.C. Its numerous applications.D. Its solid foundation.15. A. In 1954. B. In 2013. C. In 2018. D. In 2000.16. A. Its location and area. B. The categories of its collections.C. Its official WeChat account.D. The visiting experience it offers.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Consumer and gender. B. Age groups and activities.C. Sports and facilities.D. Training time and trend.18. A. Cycling. B. Jogging. C. Skiing. D. Swimming.19. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.20. A. To determine which item deserves priority.B. To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design.C. To know about teenagers’ leisure sporting activities.D. To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability.Keys: 1-5 DCCDA 6-10 BCCDC 11-13 ACB 14-16 BCB 17-20 BBDAI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. At a bank. B. At a post office. C. At a travel agency. D. At an airport.2. A. Waiter. B. Salesman. C. Mechanic. D. Accountant.3. A. June 3rd. B. June 13th. C. July 13th. D. July 30th.4. A. Business management. B. British literature.C. Popular science.D. Classical music.5. A. Carry a lot of cash on her. B. Cancel the trip to the U.S.C. Search for information online.D. Try various payment methods.6. A. He will give priority to the lecture.B. He will deliver a lecture to the graduates.C. He will attend the graduation ceremony.D. He will prepare presents for the graduates.7. A. Jack has paid off all the debts through hard work.B. Jack and Sam have won the first place in the contest.C. They relaxed themselves the whole summer holiday.D. The robot contest was held in the innovation laboratory.8. A. Peter hardly notices the changes in his class.B. Peter has greatly changed his personality.C. The man was surprised to learn Peter’s success.D. Peter has received training in delivering speeches.9. A. The woman forgot to prepare the gifts.B. The gifts were purchased at the airport.C. The man is very pleased with the picture.D. The special gifts appeal to the man greatly.10. A. He didn’t take any pictures at the ceremony.B. He forgot to take his cell phone to the ceremony.C. He couldn’t record every deta il because he ran away.D. He took only a few photos because of the limited storage.Section BDierctions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked some questions on the passages and the conversation. The passages and theconversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. By donating money to help those in poverty-stricken areas.B. By reducing the price of the food that has gone bad.C. By giving away tons of food to developing nations every year.D. By launching a store selling food once thrown into the trash bin.12. A. The general public. B. The low-income people.C. The charity staff.D. The retailers.13. A. $1 trillion. B. $700,000. C. $30,000. D. $50,000.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Snow or ice sculptures. B. Parades on roads.C. Chalk drawings on pavements.D. Sand paintings.15. A. He prefers to do his art work alone.B. He mostly creates his works in cities.C. He usually spends a short while creating.D. He has attracted many people in fashion industry.16. A. Why art is not easy to forget.B. The history of temporary art.C. A “temporary” artist and his works.D. How to make impressive temporary art.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. How English food is made.B. Why Indian foods are often tasteless.C. Why foods in some countries are spicy.D. How spicy food was introduced into England.18. A. The food in cold regions is usually tasty.B. The climate has little effect on the local food.C. India and England have quite similar climates.D. Spicy food causes people to sweat, cooling them off.19. A. They cover the bad smells of food.B. They give the food a unique flavor.C. They slow down the growth of bacteria.D. They come in handy where there is no refrigerator.20. A. The mention of garlic and onion makes the woman hungry.B. The plants and bacteria can live in harmony to some extent.C. The unique flavor of the plants has contributed to their survival.D. It takes longer time for those plants like onions and garlic to grow.Keys: 1-10 BCCAD CBCBA 11-13 DAA 14-16 BBC 17-20 CDCCI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a garage. B. In the clinic. C. At the airport D. At a restaurant2. A Confident. B. Confused C. Worried D. Funny3. A. Pay the fee. B. fill in the form. C. Find a photograph D. Prove citizenship4. A. Nobody thinks Jack disappointing. B. She holds different opinions with JackC. Fewer people enjoy this basketball season.D. She cares about other people’s comments.5. A. He does not like Chicago B. He wishes to visit Chicago.C. He has no idea about Chicago at all.D. He thinks Chicago not worth seeing.6. A. House agent and renter. B. Policeman and driver.C. Shop assistant and customer.D. Housewife and cleaner.7. A. She has cancelled the meeting. B. The meeting has been announced today.C. She will call a meeting today.D. The meeting will not be held tomorrow.8. A. It is ridiculous for children to study abroad. B. It is up to Frank to decide his schooling.C. It is safer to follow the popular trend first.D. It is well worth sending Frank aboard.9. A. She is mad at the man’s ignorance.B. She is happy with the man’s concentration.C. She didn’t notice the man’s appearance.D. She didn’t want to answer the man’s question.10. A. He is in urgent need of a talk. B. He is fully occupied right now.C. He runs a lad in the middle of the city.D. He considered the experiment needless. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To state the difficulties the team members may face withB. To find support from parents for scholarship contributionC. To attract potential players from some other sportsD. To raise funds for a swimming competition12. A. The committee of a swim clubB. Reporters for a swimming competition.C. The board of swim coachesD. Candidates for a swimming team13. A. It is less financially rewardingB. It offers a more promising academic future.C. It is less physically demandingD. It provides a more flexible training schedule.Questions 14 through 17are based on the following passage.14. A. By mending photographic tools. B. By monitoring rare animalsC. By comparing available images.D. By drawing accurate tracks15. A. The comments B. The phone numbers.C. The full namesD. The instructions16.A. Don't leave any footprints. B. Go with some local guidesC. Don't disturb the animals in cage.D. Relax in the natural environment.17. A. Stories of tracking endangered animalsB. Techniques of wild animal trackingC. A program of protecting endangered animals.D. A wild animal protection organizationQuestions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18. A. About twenty pages. B. Within two pages.C. As long as five pages.D. No shorter than ten pages.19. A. They don't tell the truth. B. They make spelling mistakes.C. They don't know the job wellD. They send many resumes at a time.20. A. Practicing computer skills first. B Reading as many advertisements as possibleC. Trying to be more specific.D. Knowing the expectations of the position Keys: 1-5 DAABC 6-10 ADBCB 11-13 ADA 14-17 CCBC 18-20 BADI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Buying a handbag. B. Trying on a piece of clothing.C. Taking a picture.D. Attending a fashion show.2. A. To the library. B. To the school. C. To the cafeteria. D. To the cinema.3. A. Make a budget. B. Buy the painting.C. Decorate the living room.D. Bargain with the art dealer.4. A. She didn’t get the promotion. B. She doesn’t look attractive.C. She is not in good mood.D. She can’t stand foggy days.5. A. The man needs to arrive earlier. B. The woman has to work overtime.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man wants to save money.6. A. He has earned a big fortune. B. He is good at saving.C. He has little money.D. He spends money like water.7. A. He didn’t attend the ceremony. B. He took a lot of precious pictures.C. He forgot to take his cell phone.D. His recorded the ceremony with his camera.8. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet. B. Encourage his staff to work harder.C. Ask for a progress report on the project.D. Hold a conversation with his employees.9. A. He doesn’t need a va cation. B. The company is short of hands.C. He is afraid of losing the job.D. The boss told him to take a chance.10. A. No seats are available now. B. It’s not the right time to enter.C. It’s too dark for him to find the seat.D. She can’t g et in until the interview ends.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. More cheerful. B. Less stressed. C. More resolute. D. Less attractive.12. A. To find out how clothes can affect people’s feelings.B. To show how scientists pay more attention to details.C. To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats.D. To test the effect of clothes on people’s attention.13. A. Body movements change the way people think.B. How people dress can change their appearance.C. What people wear can affect their performance.D. People doing different jobs wear different clothes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters.B. People trained to respond to medical emergencies.C. Super heroes devoted to defending the earth.D. Doctors and nurses who provide medical services.15. A. Decent and promising. B. Busy but secure.C. Tough and stressful.D. Demanding but well-paid.16. A. Passing a physical training program. B. Getting a certificate in CPR (心肺复苏术).C. Possessing a medical school diploma.D. Keeping calm in any situation.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.18. A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Tennis. D. Cycling.19. A. Launch a new promotion campaign. B. Carry out another survey.C. Increase the production of athletic shoes.D. Hold more athletic competitions.20. A. Make products more appealing. B. Follow the trend.C. Focus on fitness business.D. Target older customers.Keys: 1-10 BCBCC DCABB 11-13 CDC 14-16 BCC 17-20 AACDI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. At an art exhibit. B. In a bakery.C. In a painting studio.D. In a clothing store.2. A. Visit her sister's house. B. Give the man a ride.C. Go to the train station.D. Check the time.3. A. She should get pork and chicken. B. She is quite mixed up.C. She should get chicken and vegetables.D. She shouldn't eat any meat.4. A. The man didn't fail by much. B. The man completely failed the exam.C. The man had a really high grade.D. The man's grade was lowbut passing.5. A. It cost more than he thought it would. B. He would like to sell it.C. It isn't a very good one.D. He got it for a low price.6. A. He is surprised that Matthew changed his mind.B. He wished he had asked Matthew before.C. Matthew wanted to leave in the morning.D. Matthew planned the party himself.7. A. She'll work part-time at the banquet.B. She'll try to find a blanket for her guest.C. She's still looking for a guest speaker.D. She lives too far away to come to the dinner.8. A. The teacher described what the students should do.B. The teacher would punish the students being late.C. The teacher required an outline.D. The teacher was late for the first class.9. A. Be understanding toward the woman.B. Lower the woman's final grade.C. Work hard to get an extension.D. Expect the woman to finish her paper first.10. A. She should have gone to Jane's presentation.B. Jane didn't appear nervous at all during her presentation.C. Jane needs to take more lessons in public speaking.D. She didn't understand Jane's presentation at all.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will he asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will he read twice, hut the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based oil the following passage.11. A. Animals yawn for a number of reasons.B. Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom.C. Human yawns are the same as those of other animals.D. Only social animals yawn.12. A. When they are swimming. B. When they are quarreling.C. When they are socializing.D. When they are eating.13. A. To exercise the jaw muscles. B. To eliminate boredom.C. To get greater strength for attacking.D. To gain more oxygen.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Restart the speech as it has been planned.B. Ignore the mistakes.C. Make a wise apology.D. Stop for a moment and get the place right.15. A. To illustrate good way to deliver a speech.B. To emphasize the importance of repetition.C. To indicate listeners' attention on the message itself.D. To warn people of the obvious mistakes in the speech.16. A. How to Be a Perfect Speaker. B. How to Make a Perfect Speech.C. Don't Expect a Perfect Speech.D. Don't Forgive Mistakes in a Speech.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It was in the wrong size. B. It was dirty inside.C. It shrank a lot.D. It was the wrong color.18. A. Change the sweater for a different one.B. Offer the man a free gift as compensation.C. Return the man's money.D. Talk about the matter with the manager.19. A. Because the store is closing soon.B. Because the return period had passed.C. Because the man didn't have a receipt.D. Because the sweater was broken.20. A. The man is able to exchange the sweater.B. The man left the store without the sweater.C. The woman gave the man a refund.D. The woman promised to raise the service quality.Keys: 1-10 DCDDD ACAAB 11-13 ABD 14-16 BCC 17-20 CABBI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. April 9th. B. April 8th. C. April 19th. D. April 21st.2. A. In a post office. B. On the campus.C. In the Main hall.D. In the Administration building.3. A. 2 dollars. B. 4 dollars. C. 8 dollars. D. 5 dollars.4. A. The bag. B. The umbrella. C. The camera. D. Water.5. A. He had a visitor. B. He missed the bus.C. He forgot the time.D. He didn’t like the film.6. A. Surprising. B. Good. C. Untrue. D. Doubtful.7. A. The man feels sorry for the woman. B. The area is for passengers only.C. The woman is asking the man to leave.D. The man is a member of the staff.8. A. The test consisted of one page.B. The exam was difficult for the woman.C. The woman spent an hour on the first page.D. The woman got to the last question finally.9. A. It costs a lot. B. It produces good results.D. It’s of no use. D. It’s too exhausting.10. A. To give up one course temporarily. B. To pick some easier courses this term.C. To drop out of school this term.D. To study harder to meet the requirements.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following pas sage.11. A. Joyful. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. D. Unexpected.12. A. Everything happens for a reason. B. Trust your instincts.C. Take faith in yourself.D. Focus on one thing at a time.13. A. Turn to others’ for advice. B. Try as many different things as you can.C. Lose no time to take action.D. Travel for new experiences and inspiration. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 57 B. 75 C. 76 D. 4315. A. physical or emotional violence. B. risk of developing cancer.C. ruined family relationship.D. polluted indoor air quality.16. A. The importance of banning domestic smoking.B. A new law against domestic smoking.C. The harmful effects of domestic smoking.D. Active smokers and passive smokers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Journalist of a local newspaper. B. Director of evening radio programs.C. Producer of television commercials.D. Hostess of the weekly “Business World”.18. A. He ran three restaurants with his wife’s help.B. He and his wife did everything by themselves.C. He worked both as a cook and a waiter.D. He hired a cook and two local waitresses.19. A. He doesn’t need to do any advertising nowadays.B. He advertises on radio and in local newspapers.C. He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.D. He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.20. A. The restaurant location. B. The restaurant atmosphere.C. The food quality.D. The satisfaction of customers.Ke ys: 1-5 ABDCA 6-10 BCBBA 11-13 DBB 14-16 CDB 17-20 DBBDI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Manager and secretary. B. Customer and salesgirl.C. Man and wife.D. Salesman and manufacturer.2. A. $ 240. B. $ 290. C. $250. D. $ 200.3. A. At a museum. B. At a library. C. At a bookstore. D. At a coffee shop.4. A. Tonight. B. On Friday night. C. On Saturday. D. Next week.5. A. Take care of the baby. B. Fix the air-conditioner.C. Stay in the room alone.D. Get a repairman.6. A. There is no convenient store nearby.B.Convenient stores may not sell phone chargers.C.The phone charger sold online is of poor quality.D.Nobody will be available at the convenient store.7. A. His membership is no longer valid. B. He is tired of that gym.。