制动器零件中英文对照讲解学习
机械零部件中英文对照
常用机械零部件中英文对照天轴 line shaft可倾瓦块轴承 tilting-pad bearing成型填料密封 shaped packing seal曲轴 crank shaft自润滑轴承 self-lubricating bearing含油轴承 oil-impregnated bearing制动功率 braking power板弹簧 leaf spring油(气)膜振盪 oil/gas whip空气弹簧 air spring花键联接 spline joint活塞环 piston ring飞轮 fly wheel径向滑动轴承 journal bearing气体轴承 gas bearing浮环密封 floating ring seal粉末冶金轴承 powder metallurgy bearing 迷宫密封 labyrinth seal带式制动器 band brake推力滑动轴承 thrust bearing液体动压轴承 hydrodynamic bearing液体静压轴承 hydrostatic bearing焊接 welding球轴承 ball bearing连桿 link嵌入离合器 jaw clucth胀圈密封 piston ring seal超越离合器 overrunning clutch塔轮 step pulley填料函密封 packing box seal块式制动器 shoe brake楔联接 wedge joint滑动轴承材料 sliding bearing material 滑轮 pulley万向联轴器 universal coupling游丝 hairspring过盈配合联接 interference fit joint 铆接 riveted joint电磁制动器 electromagnetic brake电磁轴承 electromagnetic bearing槓桿 ganggan滚子轴承 roller bearing滚针轴承 needle bearing磁流体密封 ferrofluidic seal磁流体轴承 hydro-magnetic bearing箔轴承 foil bearing弹性环联接 spring-ring friction joint 摩擦离合器 friction clutch挠性轴 flexible shaft标准紧固件 standard fastener盘式制动器 disk brake胶黏剂 adhesive调速器 governor销联接 pin joint齿轮联轴器 toothed coupling橡胶弹簧 rubber spring机械密封 mechanical seal静密封 static seal螺纹 screw thread螺纹防松 locking of screw joint螺旋密封 screw seal螺旋弹簧 helical spring键联接 key joint转子 rotor离心密封 centrifugal seal宝石轴承 jewel bearing少齿差行星齿轮传动planetary gearing with small difference between the numbers of teeth非圆齿轮传动 non-circular gearing射流 fluidics径节 diametral pitch气缸 pneumatic cylinder气动工具 pneumatic tool气动马达 pneumatic motor气动逻辑元件 pneumatic logic element带传动 belt drive液力耦合器 fluid coupling液力变矩器 fluid torque converter液压伺服阀 hydraulic servo-valve液压泵 hydraulic pump液压马达 hydraulic motor液压控制阀 hydraulic control valve减速器 speed reducer无级变速 infinitely variable speed transmission传动比 speed ratio圆弧齿轮传动 circular profile gearing圆柱齿轮传动 cylindrical gearing电力传动 electrical drive渐开线 involute蓄能器 accumulator摩擦轮传动 friction drive模数 module轮系 train轮齿修形 geartooth correction齿轮承载能力 gear load capacity谐波传动 harmonic drive谐波齿轮传动 harmonic gearing锥蜗桿传动 spiroid drive锥齿轮传动 bevel gearing环面蜗桿传动 enveloping worm drive螺旋传动 screw drive螺旋齿轮传动 crossed helical gearing摆线 cycloid摆线针轮传动 pin-cycloid planetary gearing 摆线齿轮传动 cycloidal gearing双曲面齿轮传动 hypoid gearing绳传动 rope drive链传动 chain drive变位齿轮 profile modified gear变位齿轮传动 profile modified gearing 变速器 transmission gear box.。
汽车全部零部件中英文对照
汽车全部零部件中英文对照车轮系统 Wheeling System轮毂 Wheel Hub轮胎 Tire轮胎汽门嘴 Tire Valve轮圈 Wheel Disk轮圈盖 Wheel Cover车轮系统 Wheeling System电装品 Electrical Parts电瓶 Battery中央门控 Central Door Lock分电盘 Distributor火星塞 Spark Plug汽车用电子钟 Digital Clock汽车音响 Car Audio防盗器 Car Burglar Alarm雨刷及雨刷连杆 Wiper / Linkage保险丝座Fuse Seat保险丝 Fuse洗涤壶 Windshield Washer配线 Wire Harness马达类 Motor高压线组 Ignition Cable喇叭 Horn发电机Alternator （Components）开关类 Switch蜂鸣器 Buzzer预热塞 Glow Plug仪表 Combination Meter灯泡 Bulb灯类 Lamp点火线圈 Ignition Coil继电器 Relay倒车雷达 Reverse Sensor电池充电器 Battery Charger闪光器 Flasher省电器 Energy Saving Unit端子 Terminal电动座椅装置 Power Seat Unit马达零件 Motor Components电装品 Electrical Parts汽车用光盘 Car CD汽车用液晶显示器 Car LCD调整器 Regulator整流器 Rectifier电子点火器 Ignition Module倒车显示器 Rear View Display定速器 Cruise ControllerHID车灯安定器组合 HID Ballast Complete Set for Headlights LED 灯 LED Lamp车灯控制器 Lighting Controller点火线圈模块 Ignition Coil Module外装品 Exterior Parts水箱饰罩 Radiator Grille天线 Antenna车身护条 Side Protector防撞护垫 Bumper Pad后视镜 Door Mirror装饰贴纸、标志Ornament Mark轮弧 Fender Trim挡泥板 Mud Guard扰流板 Spoiler前防撞杆 Guard Assy (Front)后防撞杆 Grard Assy (Rear）内装品 Interior Parts仪表板 Instrument Panel中央置物箱 Console孔塞 Grommet Plug地毯 Floor Mat安全带 Seat Belt车门扶手 Door Armrest车门把手 Door Handle车门锁 Door Lock车顶内衬Roof Lining车窗升降摇柄 Window Lifter Handle 车窗升降机 Window Lifter防水衬条 Weather strip油量表 Fuel Gauge门饰板 Door Trim室内镜 Room Mirror音响喇叭盖 Speaker Cover（电动）座椅 (Electric） Seat顶蓬 Headlining烟灰缸 Ashtray各类隔音垫 All Kinds of Silencer饰板/饰条 Garnish / Trim仪表饰板 Instrument Panel Garnish 遮阳板 Sun visor压条 Moulding点烟器 Cigar Lighter备胎板 Trim for Spare Tire天窗 Sun Roof后置物板 Rear Parcel Shelf后舱室饰板 Rear Trunk Trim仪表板支架 Instrumental Panel Mounting其它 Others随车工具 Tools千斤顶 Jack尼龙绳、特多龙绳 Nylon Rope生产、检测及涂装设备 Production， Test & Painting Equipment 各类孔盖 Cap、Cover扣具 Cargo Lash夹片、管束 Clamp， Clip油土与基准模型 Clay Model and Master Model油封 Oil Seal门铰链 Door Hinge故障标志 Reflector玻璃类 Glass修理业 Repairing ＆ Maintenance粉末冶金 Powder Metallurgy轴承 Bearing塑料件 Plastic Parts隔热材 Heat Insulator电子件 Electrical Parts垫片类Seal、Gasket、Washer、Packing碳刷 Carbon Brush管类 Pipe, Hose, Tube铜套类 Bushing弹簧 Spring橡胶件 Rubber Parts帮浦类 Pump螺帽/螺栓/螺丝 Nut/Bolt/Screw锻造件（加工） Forging Parts （Processing）滤清器类 Filter锁 Lock镜类 > Mirror铸造件（加工） Casting Parts (Processing)引擎盖铰链 Hinge of Engine Hood行李箱铰链 Hinge of Trunk Lid保险杆支撑 Mount of BumperCAD/CAM车身设计 CAD/CAM Car Body Design 汽车清洁保养用品 Cosmetics for Automobile涂料 Paints合成木材 Synthetic Wood电磁阀 Solenoid Valve热水阀 Heater Valve冷煤电磁阀 Refrigerate Solenoid valve玻璃滑槽 Glass Run双面胶带 Acrylic Foam Tape触媒转换器缓冲绵 Catalytic Converter Mate黑烟过滤器 Diesel Particle Filter车用灭火器 Extinguisher零组件用材料 Components Materials汽车用行动电话 Car Hand—free Mobile Phone汽车保全系统 Car Security System汽车导航系统 Car Navigation System人造革 Artificial Leather铭板 Nameplate汽车用计算机 Car Computer无线电胎压侦测仪 Wireless Tire Monitor汽车内装用牛皮 Leather for Car Interior打蜡机 Buffer （Car Polisher）金属表面处理(材料） Metal Surface Treatment （Material) 插接件Connector Clip胎压不足警示器 Tire Low Pressure Indicator温度感应器 Water Temperature Sensor油压感应器 Oil Pressure Sensor机油 Engine Oil自动变速箱油 Automatic Transmission Oil油品添加剂 Oil Additive热处理 Heat Treatment传动件 Transmission曲柄组 Chainwheel ＆ Crank飞轮 Flywheel链条 Chain变速杆 Shift Lever变速器 Derailleur电动自行车马达 Electric Bicycle Motor电动自行车控制器 Electric Bicycle Driver 齿轮箱 Gear Box车轮及剎车 Wheel and Brake轮胎 Tire夹式剎车器 Caliper Brake快拆 Quick Release花鼓 Hub & Free Hub液压式剎车器 Hydraulic Brake脚剎车器 Coaster Brake碟式剎车器 Disk Brake轮圈 Rim辐条/辐帽 Spoke/Nipple悬臂式剎车器 Cantilever Brake控制拉线 Control Cable剎车来令片 Brake Lining Shoe配件 Accessories铃 Bell反光片 Reflector水壶架 Bottle Cage打气筒 Floor Pump商标贴纸 Sticker货架 Luggage Carrier速度表 Speed Meter车体打造(改装) Car Body Building (Refitting）引擎 Engine引擎波司 Engine Bush引擎修理包 Engine Gasket Kits引擎零件 Engine Parts凸轮轴 Camshaft凸轮轴链轮 Sprocket Camshaft皮带张力器 Tensioner曲轴 Crankshaft曲轴皮带盘 Crankshaft Pulley曲轴轴承片 Crankshaft Bearing汽门 Valve汽门座 Valve Seat汽门摇臂 Valve Arm汽门摇臂盖 Rocker Cover汽门弹簧 Valve Spring汽门导管 Valve Guide汽缸头（盖） Cylinder Head汽缸衬套 Cylinder Liner汽缸体 Cylinder Block波司垫片 Washer活塞 Piston活塞肖 Piston Pin活塞环 Piston Ring活塞衬套 Piston Liner飞轮 Flywheel飞轮环齿轮 Ring Gear of Flywheel 时规炼条/皮带 Timing Chain/Belt连杆 Connecting Rod连杆轴承片 Connecting Rod Bearing 摇臂轴 Rocker Arm Shaft汽门锁 Valve Cotter止推垫片 Thrust Washer共鸣箱 Resonator喷油嘴 Injection Nozzle燃料系统 Fueling System油箱 Fuel Tank油箱浮筒 Gauge Fuel Tank空气滤清器 Air Cleaner空气滤清器盖 Air Cleaner Cover空气滤清器导管 Air Intake Tube空气滤蕊 Air Cleaner Element消音器 Exhaust Muffler排气歧管 Exhaust Manifold排气管 Exhaust Pipe进气歧管 Intake Manifold节流阀 Throttle Valve燃油管 Fuel Pipe燃油帮浦 Fuel Pump燃油滤清器 Fuel Filter触媒转化器 Catalytic Converter柴油车黑烟净化器 Diesel Particulate Filter 时规炼条/皮带外盖 Timing Chain/Belt Cover 燃料系统 Fueling System废气回收管 EGR Tube冷却系统 Cooling System水箱 Radiator水管 Water Hose水箱水管 Radiator Hose水帮浦 Water Pump水箱风扇 Radiator Fan风扇 Fan副水箱 Auxiliary Radiator节温器 Thermostat调节器 Regulator水箱支架 Radiator Mounting冷却系统 Cooling SystemA/C风扇 A/C Fan润滑系统 Lubrication System油底壳 Oil Pan自排车用滤油器 Oil Filter for Automatic Transmission 机油尺 Oil Level Gauge机油帮浦 Oil Pump机油滤清器 Oil Filter机油滤网 Oil Strainer润滑系统 Lubrication System机油尺导管 Oil Level Gauge Tube空调系统 Air-conditioning System冷气总成 A/C Assembly冷气配管 A/C Hose冷气导风管 A/C Duct冷气压缩机 A/C Compressor冷凝器 A/C Condenser暖气总成 Heater Assembly鼓风机 Blower Assembly蒸发器 Evaporator冷媒管〈 English〉 A/C Pipe储液瓶 < English〉 A/C Receiver空调相关零件 A/C Related Components空气清净机 Air Purifier空调滤网A/C Filter空调系统 Air-conditioning System提速器 Actuator车身钣金件 Body ＆ Stamping Parts引擎支撑 Engine Mounting引擎盖 Engine Hood车身 Car Body车门 Door Panel车顶板Roof底盘及其另件Chassis and Related Parts 底盘车架 Frame门框 Sash保险杆 Bumper钣金件 Stamping Parts叶子板 Fender横梁 Cross Member行李箱盖 Trunk Lid车柱 Pillar车身钣金件 Body ＆ Stamping Parts支架〈 Bracket补强板 Reinforcement Plate底盘系统 Chassis System下臂 Lower Arm上臂 Upper Arm手剎车拉柄 Parking Brake Lever支柱总成 Strut Assembly方向盘 Steering Wheel比例阀 Proportional Valve主轴、副轴 Mainshaft / Countershaft平衡杆 Stabilizer Bar扭力杆 Torsion Bar剎车分泵 Brake Cylinder剎车来令片 Brake Lining Shoe剎车油管(软） Brake Hose剎车油管(硬) Brake Tube剎车真空倍力器 Brake Vacuum Booster剎车总泵 Brake Master Cylinder后轴总成 Rear Axle Assembly动力方向系统 Power Steering System动力转向油管 Power Steering Hose动力转向帮浦 Power Steering Pump控制拉线 Control Cable排档杆 Shift Lever排档头 Knob球形接头 Ball Joint等速接头 C.V. Joint传动轴 Propeller Shaft叶片弹簧 Leaf Spring鼓、碟式剎车器 Drum / Disc Brake Assembly 鼓式剎车盘 Brake Drum碟式剎车盘 Brake Disc辅助气囊 Air Bag踏板 Pedal齿轮 Gear横拉杆接头 Tie—Rod End螺旋弹簧 Coil Spring避震器 Shock Absorber转向连杆 Steering Linkage转向节臂 Knuckle转向齿轮箱 Steering Gear Box转向机柱 Steering Column转向总成 Steering Assembly离合器分泵 Clutch Cylinder离合器片 Clutch Disc离合器外壳 Clutch Case离合器总成 Clutch Assembly离合器总泵Clutch Master Cylinder离合器释放轴承 Clutch Release Bearing变速箱 Transmission Box变速箱外壳 Transmission Case曳力杆 Trailing Arm避震器前后活塞杆Piston Rod of Front and Rear Shock Absorber 底盘系统 Chassis System自排变速箱修理包 Automatic Transmission Gasket Kits齿条 Gear Rack剎车真空管 Brake Boost Vacuum Tube。
汽车零件名称中英文对照讲解
橡胶垫－油箱盖
BUMPER - FUEL FILLER DR
95
立柱护板总成
TRIM ASSY - SIDE PILLAR
96
左A柱护板总成
TRIM ASSY - A PILLAR LH
97
左A柱护板
TRIM - A PILLAR LH
98
右A柱护板
TRIM - SIDE PILLAR .RH
99
179
固定扣总成
CLIP ASSY
180
行李仓盖板总成
TRIM ASSY - PACKAGE TRAY
181
张紧条
STRIP - TENSION
182
卡扣
FASTENER
183
固定扣销子
PIN - FIXING BUCKLE
184
固定扣
BUCKLE - FIXING
185
行李仓盖板
TRIM - PACKAGE TRAY
螺钉盖
COVER - SCREW
100
螺钉座
SEAT- SCREW
101
海绵垫
PAD - A PILLAR
102
弹簧夹片
CLIP - SPRING
103
右A柱护板总成
TRIM ASSY - A PILLAR RH
104
左B柱上护板总成
TRIM ASSY - B PILLAR LH
105
护板板体
TRIM - B PILLAR LH
36
小通风道
DUCT- SMALL DEFROSTER
37
空心铆钉
RIVET - HOLLOW
38
抽心铆钉
盘式制动器中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)外文：An Experimental Analysis of Brake Efficiency Using fourFluids in a Disc Brake SystemABSTRACTThe paper studies disc brake failure in Mini-buses using an experimental analysis to test the maximum braking force when different brake fluids such as clean, less dirty, dirty and soapy water solution were used in the braking system. The experimental results clearly showed that the soap solution appears to be the best fluid as far as low viscosity and stability of viscosity with increase in temperature are concerned. However, the soap solution is not compatible with other fluid which makes it difficult to be substitute as a clean brake fluid. The result of the Thepra Universal Brake Testing Equipment used for the braking efficiency test indicated that a pedal brake of 117 kN produce a brake force of 0.96 kN for clean brake fluid, 0.91 kN for the less dirty, 0.85 kN for dirty and 1.44 kN forsoap solution. The value of 1.44 kN which was achieved when the soap solution was used indicated a positive braking force and the indicating that soap solution could be used to produce a high pedal force within a very short time (about 10-30 min) and can therefore be used only in case of emergency. The brake efficiency test indicated that under hot conditions the braking efficiency is reduced and the presence of air in the system renders the braking ineffective because higher pedal force was needed to be able to produce a significant braking force which is noted for causing brake failure.Keywords: Brake fade, brake failure, disc brake, efficiency, pedal force INTRODUCTIONWhen a vehicle is accelerated, energy supplied by the engine causes the vehicle’s speed to increase. Part of this energy is instantly used up in overcoming frictional and tractive resistance but a large amount of it remains stored in the vehicle. According to Heinz (1999) this energy of motion is called the kinetic energy and the existence of kinetic energy is observed when a vehicle is moving and neutral gear is selected. The vehicle does not immediately come to rest; instead it travels for a considerable distance before it becomes stationary. In this case the stored energy is used to drive the vehicle against the resistances that oppose the vehicle’s motion. Relying on these r esistances to slow down a vehicle could cause many problems, so an additional resistance called a brake is needed to convert the kinetic energy to heat energy at a faster rate in order to reduce the speed of the vehicle Mcphee and Johnson (2007). This reduces the speed of the vehicle at a faster rate and brings the vehicle to rest within the shortest possibletime when the brakes are applied.From the point of view of Johnson et al. (2003) most automotive systems in use today utilize front disc brakes, but four-wheel disc systems are also common In disc brakes, the rotor rotates with the wheel and the pads move out to rub the rotor when the brakes are applied. Most disc brakes use floating calipers. The caliper slides in and out as the brakes are applied and released. The piston moves the inside pad out and pushes the outside pad into the rotor by sliding the caliper back toward the rotor.The use of disc brakes to reduce speed or bring the vehicle to rest when in motion cannot be over emphasized if the safety of the occupant is to be guaranteed Heinz (1999). To bring a vehicle to a stop, the disc brakes have to absorb all the energy given to thevehicle by the engine and that due to the momentum of the vehicle. This energy must then be dissipated. In most vehicle disc brakes, the energy is absorbed by friction, converted into heat and the heat dissipated to the surrounding air (Thoms, 1988). As the energy is absorbed, the vehicle is slowed down; in other words, its motion is retarded. The brakes must also pull up the vehicle smoothly and in a straight line to bring the vehicle to a stop position.It is therefore very important that the disc brakes of vehicles operate with the highest efficiency. This couldreduce the rate of accidents due to brake failure so that life and property could be preserved and also to ensure that occupants of these commercial vehicles go about their normal lives without any fear of being involved in an accident. Available crash data in Ghana suggests that about 1,900 persons are killed annually in road traffic crashes (Afukaar et al., 2008) and that more than 40% of the road traffic fatalities are occupants of cars, buses and trucks. Most often than not, some of the road accidents involving commercial vehicles, such as the mini-buses have been attributed to the failure of the disc brakes. The reason for testing the viscosity of these brake fluids, especially that of the soap solution was as a result of the practice of most Ghanaian drivers sometimes using the soapy solution as a substitute to the original brake fluid in the braking system and also using dirty brake fluid which has been used for bleeding purposes. The main objective of this study which is part of a larger work seeks to investigate and establish the reasons for the disc brake failure due to brake fluid also check the efficiency of the four different types of fluids used in the transmission of braking forces. The study looked at the maximum braking force when using clean, less dirty, dirty and soapy water solution in the braking system. It also looked at the braking force when the braking system is with or without servo unit and operating under cold or hot condition with air or without air in the braking systemDISC BRAKESThe disc brake consists of an exposed disc which is attached to the hub flange; the two friction pads arepressed on to this disc to give a braking action. Figure 1a, shows the disk brake system of a car and pad that is separated from wheel assembly to better shows the disk and the pad in sliding contact. As it can be seen, typical disk brake system and caliper assembly of a solid disk brake rotor is completely noticeable. Figure 1b shows schematic form of the disk and the pad in sliding contact assembly.(a) (b)Fig. 1: Disc brakeThe pads are moved by hydraulic pistons working in cylinders formed in a caliper that is secured to a fixed part of the axle. When the hydraulic pressure is applied to the two cylinders held in the fixed caliper, the pistons move; this action forces the friction pads into contact with the rotating cast iron disc. The sandwiching action of the pads on the disc gives a retarding action and heat generated from the energy of motion is conducted to the disc.Greater part of the disc is exposed to the air; therefore heat is easily radiated, with the result that the brake can be used continuously for long periods before serious fade occurs. Since the friction pads move at a right angle to the disc, any drop in the friction value does not affect the force applied to the pad. As a result this type of brake is not less sensitive to heat (Mudd, 1972). The disc brake was developed to minimize the fade problems. When fading occurs, the driver has to apply a much larger effort and in extreme cases it becomes impossible to bring the vehicle to rest. No assistance is obtained from the rotating disc to aid the driver in the application of a disc brake to achieve a given retardation. A disc brake requires a greater pedal pressure and toachieve this pressure required the hydraulic braking system using a good quality brake fluid in its operation.The fluid used in the hydraulic braking systems is a vegetable oil with certain additives. According to Nunney et al. (1998) a good brake fluid should have the following requirements, low viscosity, high boiling point, compatibility with rubber components, lubricating properties, resistance to chemical ageing and compatibility with other fluids. However, mostGhanaian drivers sometimes used other fluid such as dirty brake fluid, less dirty fluid and even soapy water sometimes as a substituted to the original brake fluid. This study among other things will also investigate which of these brake fluid, clean, dirty, less dirty and soapy water will have the best viscosity, high boiling point and less braking force.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe design used for this study was experiment which employed the used of viscometer and Thepra Universal Automotive Brake Testing machine to check the efficiency of the four fluids in the transmission of braking forces.Laboratory analysis: The viscosity tests on the four different liquids were carried out at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Thermodynamics laboratory. The liquids were clean brake fluid, less dirty brake fluid, dirty brake fluid and soap solution. It was necessary to find out how the viscosity of different qualities of brake fluid affected braking efficiency and to find out whether there was any correlation between these and the occurrence of brake failure.Viscosity test on the various fluids used: The viscosity test was carried out on a Redwood Viscometer in Fig. 2 on the four different kinds of fluids to determine their viscosities. The apparatus consists of a vertical cylinder containing the fluid under test which was allowed to flow through a calibrated orifice situated at the centre of the cylinder base. The orifice is closed by a ball valve when it is not being used.Fig. 2: Redwood viscometer used to determine the viscosity of the fluidsThe oil cylinder is surrounded by a water jacket which maintains the lubricant under test at a required temperature by means of a Bunsen burner flame applied to the heating tube. The thermometer for the water in the jacket is mounted in a paddle-type stirrer which can be rotated by hand, using the handle (Zammit, 1987).Procedure for testing various viscosities of the fluids: To test the viscosity of a fluid, the water jacket was filled with water with the orifice ball valve in position. Fluid was poured into the cylinder to the level of the pointer. A 50 mL measuring flask was placed centrally under the orifice. The water was stirred gently until the water and fluid thermometers were the same (room temperature, 30ºC). Thetemperature was recorded. The ball valve was then raised and a stopwatch used to record the time (in seconds) for a 50 mL of fluid to flow into the measuring flask. The test was repeated with the fluid temperatures increasing by 10ºC each time up to 90ºC. All the data for the four differentfluids were recorded as shown in Table 1Thepra universal stand automotive brake testing equipment:The ThepraUniversal Stand Automotive brake testing equipment is structured in such a way that the driven part, such as brake disc, was plugged on to the motor shaft. The brake anchor plate and the caliper are fastened to a flange via a linkage of bar which is connected to the flange. The brake force is measured and displayed on a digital indicator. The individualunits are plugged into the two span-frames which are fastened to both sides. All the brake components used in the testing equipment are original vehicle components. The pedalforce is measured at the actuating linkage of the brake master cylinder and displayed on a digital indicator (Technolab, 2009)RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONExperimental results of viscosity test: Table 1 present the results of viscosity test inan experiment for the four fluids, using the Redwood Viscometer.From the test results obtained using Redwood viscometer, Viscosity-Temperature graphs for the fluids were plotted. Figure 3 shows the plot of viscosity againsttemperature of the four fluids.Table 1: Viscosity testValues of the various viscosities werecalculated using the formula:V = hfρgD232hfvwhere,V : The Viscosityhf : The capillary heightρ : The density of the fluidg : Acceleration due to gravityD : The diameter of the orificev : The velocity (Bird et al., 1960) Fig. 3: Viscosity-temperature relationship of the fluidsFrom Fig. 3 the dirty fluid has the highest viscosity followed by the less dirty fluid, clean fluid and soap solution in that order. From the results shown in Fig. 2 and theviscosity test shown in Table 1, the soap solution appear to be the best fluid as far as lowviscosity and stability of viscosity with increase in temperature are concerned. However, it is less compatible with other fluids, difficult to mix easily with other brake fluids and has a low boiling point which will not make it suitable to be substitute as clean brake fluid (Nunney et al., 1998).The clean brake fluid is next as far as viscosity and stability of viscosity with increase in temperature are concerned. On the other hand, it satisfies all the other requirements of a good fluid for the braking system given in Table 1. According to Mudd (1972) and Nunney et al. (1998), a good brake fluid should have properties such as high boiling point, compatibility with rubber components, good lubrication properties, resistance to chemical ageing (long shelf life) and compatibility with other fluids. The less dirty fluid is very unstable as far as viscosity change with temperature increase is concerned. It is therefore not very reliable in a braking system since its behavior changes as the braking system heats up. The viscosity of the dirty fluid is stable with increase in temperature, however, it is very viscous (235-178 kgs/m3 in the temperature range 30 to 90ºC). It will therefore not be good and effective in brake force transmission. From these results and literature, it is obvious that the clean brake fluid is more suitable for the transmission of braking force as it’s possess all the good brake fluid qualities.Experimental results of the disc brake system:These sections present the results and discussion of the experiments using the four fluids in a Disc brake system under different conditions. Test results for hot and cold conditions of the Disc brake system using a servo system and without using a servo system were considered.Disc brake in cold condition with and without servo unit: The result in Table 2 clearly shows the pedal force and the brake force for clean, less dirty, dirty and soap solution when using disc brake in cold condition with servo unit with the Thepra Universal Brake Testing Equipment. A pedal brake of 117 kN produce a brake force of 0.96 kN for a clean brake fluid,Table 2: Results of disc brake in cold condition with servoTable 3: Results of disc brake in hot condition with servo0.91 kN for the less dirty, 0.85 kN for dirty and 1.44 kN for soap solution. Comparatively, a maximum brake force is achieved when the fluid is clean. When there is the presence of dirt,the brake force decreases and therefore more pedal force is needed to take up thewithout servoloss created by the dirt.Hence the greater the dirt, the greater thepedal force required.The value of 1.44kN which wasachieved when the soap solution wasused indicated a positive braking force compared with all the three fluids at the same pedal force. Subsequent pedal forces applied as shown in Table 2 gave a reduction in the brake force when soap solution was used. The implication was that soap solution could be used to produce a high pedal force within a very short time (about 10-30 min) and can therefore be used in case of emergency.From Table 2, it can be observed that for the same pedal force of 117 KN the soap solution transmitted the highest amount of brake force followed by the clean fluid, less dirty fluid and dirty fluid in that order. This implies that in cold condition using servo, the soap solution performs best followed by the clean, less dirty and dirty respectively.Disc brake in hot condition with servo unit: When the experiment was carried out using a disc brake under the hot conditions with the introduction of a servo, a pedal force of 120 kN gave a brake force of 0.95 kN for clean fluid, 0.90 kN for less dirty, 0.85 kN for a dirty fluid and 0.19 KN for soap solution. The result could be explain that, the clean brake fluid gave the highest brake force follow by less dirty, dirty and soap solution. It was observed that the soap solution perform poorly at this time recording a brake force of 0.19 KN as shown in Table 3.Disc brake in hot condition without servo: Figure 4 shows a plot of disc brake inhot condition without servo unit. It can be observed that, under hot conditions for the disc brake without servo, the trend is generally the same. The soap solution performed very badly compare with the other fluids, unlike its performance under cold conditions. This may be due to evaporation of the fluid making the fluid compressible; as if air was in the braking system. Generally, the clean fluid performed best in terms of transmission of brake force followed by the less dirty, dirty and soap solution in that order.Disc brake with air in system under cold condition: Braking force for this experiment was generally low as compared with the case when air was not trapped in the system as shown in Table 4. When the experiment was conducted with a pedal force of 165 kN, braking force ofTable 4: Results of disc brake with air in system under cold condition with servoFig. 5: Results of disc brake with air in system under hot condition with servo0.32 kN soap solution was obtained, for 0.37 KN for dirty, 0.28 KN for less dirty and 0.30 kN for clean fluid. This is in line with literature because according to Mudd (1972) the presence of air in the braking system makes the system ineffective since much of the drivers effort will be used to compress the air leaving very little for the brake application.Again, the soap solution did not give the least braking force because when the system is cold, soap solution is effective and its density is higher since there is nooccurrence of evaporation of the solution.Disc brake with air in system under hot condition: The Fig. 5 shows the plot of a graph indicating disc brake with air in the system under hot condition clearly shows that, when a pedal force of 152 kN was applied, a brake force of 1.11 kN was obtained for clean, 0.37 kN for less dirty, 0.28 kN for dirty and 0.26 kN for soap solution. It was observed that the maximum brake force was attained when the fluid was clean and on the introduction of dirty fluid, the brake force reduced drastically, though the pedal force was very high at 152 kN in the hot condition.Soap solution provides the least brake force because the air content in the system increases due to evaporation and hence the pedal force compresses air rather than transmitting power. As the system heats up, the air in the system expands thereby reducing the braking efficiency which results in brake failure.CONCLUSIONThe study was conducted using an experiment performed on a Thepra Brake Testing Equipment to check the efficiency of the four fluids in the transmission of braking forces. According tothe viscometer test shown that the soap solution appears to be the best fluid as far as low viscosity and stability of viscosity with increase in temperature is concerned. However, it is less compatible with other fluids, difficult to mix easily with other brake fluids and has a low boiling point which will not make it suitable to be substituted as a clean brake fluid.Again, when air is trapped in the braking system, which results in the brake fluid being compressible, higher pedal force was needed to be able to produce a significant braking force.Also, when brakes are operated under hot conditions its efficiency is reduced, a fault known as brake fade occurs as a result of the heating up of the brakes which creates less frictional resistance between rotating disc and the frictional pads.Finally, Soap solution when used at cold condition produces high braking force but becomes less effective after prolong use due to the presence of heat which evaporates the soap solution.REFERENCESAfukaar, F., K. Agyemang, W. Ackaah and I. Mosi, 2008. Road traffic crashes inGhana, statistics 2007. Consultancy Service Report for National Road SafetyCommission of Ghana.Bird, R., S. Wright and E.N. Light, 1960. Transport Phenomena, Gibrine Publishing Company,Heinz, H., 1999. Vehicle and Engine Technology. 2nd Edn.,Butterworth-Heinemann Publications, Nurumberg, pp: 235-291Johnson, D., B. Sperandei and R. Gilbert, 2003. Analysis of the flow through a vented automotive brake rotor. J. Fluids Eng., 125: 979-986.Mcphee, A.D. and D.A. Johnson, 2007. Experimental heat transfer and flow analysis of a vented brake rotor. Int. J. Thermal Sci., 47(4): 458-467.译文：一个使用四个液体系统分析盘式制动器的制动效率的实验摘要当车辆加速时能量由发动机提供使汽车的速度增加。
常用汽车零部件中英文对照.
焊装
BRKT-FOOT REST
搁脚板支架
91
总装
BRKT-FRS PEAKER,RH
前扬声器支架（右）
92
总装
BRKT-FUEL PUMP,A
油泵支架
93
总装
BRKT-FUELTANKMTG,F
燃油箱安装支架，前
94
总装
BRKT-FUSEBLOCK
保险丝盒支架
95
总装
BRKT-HORN
防盗喇叭支架
仪表板支架
*6
总装
BRKTASSY-LIQUIDTAN
干燥瓶支架
总装
BRKTASSY-P STANK
动力转向油罐支架总成
*8
总装
BRKTASSY-RADMTG
散热器支架（右）
69
总装
BRKTASSY-SEATRAILINRMTG,RH
座椅支架，右
70
总装
BRKTASSY-SENMTG
传感器安装支架总成
方向盘音响控制开关
12
总装
AUTOTRANSASSY-SH IP
变速箱总成
13
总装
BANDASSY-FUELTANK
油箱绑带总成（右）
14
总装
BAR-BATFIX,A
蓄电池压板
15
涂装
BAR-TRUNK LID TORSION,LH
行李箱扭杆，左
16
焊装
BASE-FUEL FILLER
加油基座
17
焊装
BASE-RR SUS P SP R,LH
后悬弹黄支架，左
18
总装
BAT
蓄电池
汽车零部件中英文对照
大分类Class Level-1中分类Class 2 Level-2交流发动机AC generator 启动电机Starting motor 喷油器Injector 燃料箱Fuel Tank 燃料过滤器Fuel filter 燃料泵Fuel pump 燃料管Fuel pipe 点火线圈Ignition coil 配电器Distributor 点火插头Ignition plug 空气净化器Air purifier 进气歧管Intake manifold 节流阀Throttle valve 排气歧管Exhaust manifold 排气管Exhaust pipe 消声器Muffler 触媒转换器Catalytic converter 涡轮增压器Turbocharger 冷热气自动调节机Intercooler 增压器Supercharger 油泵Oil pump 机油滤清器Oil filter 油地盘Oil pan 滤油器Oil strainer 油冷器Oil cooler 水泵Water pump 恒温器Thermostat 散热器Radiator 冷却风扇Cooling fan 汽车空调A/C ATAT MT MT CVTCVT LSDLSD 主动轴Drive shaft 传动轴Propeller shaft 轴承Bearing 钢制轮毂Steel wheel hub 铝合金制汽车轮毂AL wheel hub 轮胎Tire 盘式制动器卡钳Disk brake caliper 制动主缸Brake master cylinder 制动圆片Brake disc rotor 制动瓦，闸瓦组件Brake shoe ABS/ESCABS/ESC 电动动力转向装置Electric power steering device 油压式动力转向装置Hydraulic power steering device 缓冲器Shock absorber 圈簧Coil spring ArmArm 稳定器Stabilizer 仪表盘Instrument panel 手套箱Glove box 汽车门板Door panel 座椅Seat 压制成型顶棚Pressure molding ceiling 仪表Instrument 驾驶室安全气囊组件Cab airbags components 副驾驶安全气囊组件Co-pilot airbags components 侧方安全汽车组件Side safety components 安全带Safety belt 汽车玻璃Seatbelt 前灯Headlamp 后组合灯Rear combination lamp 雨刷Wiper 保险杠Bumper Press 零部件(body)Press parts(body)高强度螺栓High-strength bolt 铝压铸Aluminum die casting 树脂成型品Resin molding product 树脂系部品Resin series product 安全装置Safety device 制动装置Brake device 其他零部件Other parts 其他零部件Other parts 外饰Exterior trim 内饰Interior trim 制动悬架部分Braking suspension parts 汽车玻璃、车灯Auto glass/lamp 树脂系列零部件Resin series parts 轮毂Wheel hub 燃料装置Fuel device 传动系统Drive system 转向装置Steering device 悬架Suspension 零部件名/Part Name冷却装置Cooling device 发动机Engine 变速器Transmission 构成零部件Constitute parts 启动充电装置Start charging device 点火装置Ignition device 吸排气装置Absorb exhaust device 润滑装置Lubricating device 小分类Class Level-3。
制动器的英文版及翻译
The BrakesThe brakes function by absorbing in friction the energy possessed by the moving car. In so doing they convert the energy into hear. There are tow types of brakes, the drum brake and the disc brake. Either or both types may be fitted. But where both types are used it is usual for the disc brakes to be fitted to the front wheels. In both drum and disc brakes, a hydraulic system applies the brakes. The hydraulic system connects the brake pedal to the brake parts at each wheel.1 、Drum BrakesThe drum brake consists of a pair of semicircular brake shoes mounted on a fixed back plate and situated inside a drum. This drum is fixed to the road wheel and rotates with it .One end of each shoe is on a pivot and a spring holds the other end in contact with the piston of a hydraulic cylinder.(In front brakes it is usual to use two hydraulic cylinders in order to equalize the pressures exerted by the shoes, as shown in Fig.7.1)Each shoe is faced with material ,known as brake lining ,which produces high frictio nal resistance.The hydraulic system comprises a master cylinder and the slave cylinders which are the cylinders on the road wheels. The slave cylinders are connected to the master cylinder by tubing and the whole system is filled with hydraulic fluid .A piston in the master cylinder is connected to the brake pedal, so that when the driver depresses the pedal the fluid is forced out to each slave cylinder and operates their pistons. The fluid pushes the pistons out of their cylinders. They ，in turn, push against the inner ends of the brake shoes and force them against the drums in each wheel. We say that the brakes are on. This friction of the shoes against the drums, which are fixed to the road wheels, slows down or stops the car.As the brake pedal is allowed to come up, the hydraulic fluid returns to its original position, the pistons retract, and a spring attached to each brake shoe returns it also to its original position. Free of the brake drum. Now we say that the brakes are off.(Fig.7.2)The brakes may also be operated by mechanical linkages from the foot pedal and hand brake lever. Common practice is to operate both front and rear brakes hydraulically with a secondary mechanical system operating the rear brakes only from the hand lever. One of the great advantages of hydraulic operation is that the system is self-balancing, which means that the same pressure is automatically produced at all four brakes, whereas mechanical linkages have to be very carefully adjusted for balance. Of course, if more pressure is put on one of the brakes than on the others there is a danger that the car will skid.The mechanical linkage on the rear brakes is a system of rods or cables connecting the handbrake lever to the brake-shoe mechanism, which work entirely independently of the hydraulic system. Drum brakes are prone to a reduction in the braking effort, known as “fade”, caused by the overheating of the brake linings and the drum. Fade can affect all or only some of the brakes at a time, but it is not permanent, and full efficiency returns as soon as the brakes have cooled down. However, fading is unlikely to occur except after the brakes have been used repeatedly in slowing the car from a high speed or after braking continuously down a steep hill. Descending such a hill, it would have been preferable to use engine braking by changing down into a lower gear. Drum brakes can be made less prone to fade by improving the cooling arrangements, by arranging formore air to be deflected over them, for example.2 Disc BrakesThe disc brake consists of a steel disc with friction pads operated by slave hydraulic cylinders. The steel disc is attached to the road wheel and rotates with it. Part of this steel disc is enclosed in a caliper. This caliper contains two friction pads，one on each side of the disc, and two hydraulic cylinders, one outside each pad. The pads are normally held apart by a spring, but when the driver depresses the brake pedal, pistons from the hydraulic cylinders force the pads against the sides of the disc. Because the disc is not enclosed all the way round, the heat generated when the brakes are applied is dissipated very much more quickly than it is from brake shoes which are entirely enclosed inside a drum. This means that disc brakes are less prone to fade than drum brakes.(Fig.7.3)3 、Anti-lock Brake System (ABS)The function of an anti-lock, or anti-skid, braking system is to prevent the wheels from locking under hard braking. Maximum braking force is obtained just before the wheels lock and skid. Such anti-skid system ate useful on slippery surfaces, such as ice and snow, where the wheels may lock easily. Locked wheels are dangerous because the car needs a much longer distance to stop. Locked wheels also can cause the driver to lose control.The system uses a sensor that knows when one wheel (or a pair of wheel) is skidding. (Fig.7.4) The sensor sends a signal to a computer, which signals a modulator valve. The modulator connects into the hydraulic system and can momentarily release the brake pressure and prevent the wheels from locking.(The pressure release is so fast that a driver is seldom aware of it.) pressure is then reapplied until the sensor again senses that the wheel is about to lock up. Thus, this system keeps the wheels as close to lock up as possible, without actually allowing the wheels to lock up and skid. This is called incipient lock up. Maximum braking occurs at that point. If any part of the system should fail to work, the system goes into a “fail-safe” mode. The brakes operate normally, as they would on a car that is not equipped with ABS. Today , ABS is an optional or standard feature that typically is found on expensive luxury cars and sports cars. In the future, ABS may be available for all cars.3.1、ABS overviewAnti-lock braking system is using the body of a rubber balloon, while hitting the brakes, will give brake oil pressure, feeding through to the ABS body, using of the air in the middle of the air layer to return the pressure, make wheels evade the locked points. When the wheel will arrive next locked point, brake oil pressure makes balloon in a repeat function, so can function eight to thirty times in one second equivalent constantly brake, relax, namely, similar to the "mechanical braking ". Therefore, ABS anti-lock braking system, can avoid the orientation losing control , the wheel’s lateral sliding coming up and the wheels rubbing on one point with the ground without being locked in the emergency brake，so it can make the brake friction efficiency achieves ninety percent. It also can reduce the braking consumption and prolong the brake wheel drum, disc and tire twice with the service life of the vehicle in the ABS. On the dry tarmac road or on snowy or on rainy days, the slippery performance reached 80% - 90%, 30% -10%, 15% - 20%. Ordinary braking system on a wet road surface brake, or in the emergency brake, it’s easy for wheels to be locked owing to the braking force exceeds the friction force of the tires and ground. In recent years, the consumers of the vehicle emphasis on the safety , so most of the cars have ABS listed as standard. Without ABS, emergency brake usually cause tire locked, then, the rolling friction becomes sliding friction, as a result, braking force dramatically decreased. And if front wheels are locked first, the vehicle will lose the steering ability; if the rear tires are first locked, the vehicle is easy to slide laterally , so the direction becomes impossible to control. Through electronic or mechanicalcontrol, the ABS system controls the braking fluid pressure at a fast speed to avoid the wheelslocked. Insure the tire have the biggest braking force and the turning ability when braking, and make the vehicle have the ability to evade the obstacles in emergency braking. With the rapid development of the automotive industry, safety increasingly become the important basis of that people choose and buy cars. At present the widespread adoption of holding brake system (ABS) that people can fully meet the safety of requirements. Automobile brake prevent embrace system, referred to as the ABS, is to improve the car an important device passive safety. Someone said brake prevent embrace system is auto safety measures relay belts after another major progress. Automobile braking system is the bus passengers safety is the most important relationship to one of the second systems. With the rapid development of the automotive industry, automobile safety for people appeals more and more attention. Automobile brake prevent embrace system, is another major progress to improve the safety.ABS braking system is controlled by automobile microcomputer, when braking, it can keep the wheel rotating to help driver control vehicle parking safely. The anti-locked braking system detects wheel speed by speed sensor, and then send the wheel speed signals to the microcomputer. The microcomputer controls wheel slipping rate by increasing or decreasing the brake pressure repeatedly according to the input wheel speed to keep wheel rotate. In braking process, keeping wheel rotate not only ensures the ability of controlling driving direction, but also provides higher brake force than the locked wheel in most circumstances, .3.2、The working principle of ABSIt includes control devices and ABS warning lights, in different ABS system, the structure of brake pressure adjusting device and working principle of electronic control devices are often different, the internal structure and control logic of ABS system usually includes the wheel speed sensors, brake pressure adjusting device, electronic identical and so on. In common ABS system, each wheel is installed a rotational speed sensor on the wheel speed, input the signal to electronic control device. The electronic control unit states monitoring and determination according to each wheel speed sensors’ sign al about each wheel movement, and has formed the corresponding control instruction. Brake pressure adjusting device is mainly composed by pressure regulating solenoid valves, electric pump composition and liquid container components compose an independent whole, braking main cylinder and the cylinder brake wheel connected by the brake pipe. Brake pressure adjusting device is controlled by the electronic unit to control all brake wheel cylinders’ brake pressure. The working process of ABS can be divided into general braking, brake pressure kept brake pressure decrease and brake pressure increase stage. In general braking phase, ABS doesn't intervene brake pressure control, pressure regulating electromagnetic valve assembly in various into liquid solenoid valves are no electricity and is open, each produced liquid are no electricity and electromagnetic valve is in the closed position, electric pump also operates without electricity, and brake main cylinder to each brake wheel cylinder brake lines are in communication condition, and the brake wheel cylinder to liquid brake lines are in close condition, the brake wheel cylinder brake pressure change with the output pressure brake master cylinder, the brakingprocess at this time is completely the same with conventional braking system braking process.In braking process, when the electronic control detects that the wheels primarily tend to embrace dies according to the wheel speed sensors of the wheel speed signal input, ABS came into the braking anti-lock process. For example, when the electronic control unit judges the front-right wheel tends to embrace, the electronic control unit will make control scrape the dynamic pressure front-right wheel failure into liquid solenoid valves electricity, make the fluid electromagnetic valve closed, brake main cylinder output brake fluid no longer enter into brake wheel cylinder, right now, right at the end of a fluid electromagnetic valve still energized and closed, the right brake wheel cylinder brake fluid also won't outflow, the right brake wheel cylinder scraping dynamic pressure stays certain, and other arms tend to be dead wheel with still brake pressure braking main cylinder and the increase of output pressure increases; If the right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure keep certain, the electronic control unit front-right wheel failure still tend to judge lock, the electronic control unit and move out liquid solenoid valves also electrify into a state of opening, the part right brake wheel cylinder brake wave will pass is open from fluid electromagnetic valve flow back to liquid container, make right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure holding diminishes quickly front-right wheel failure will start to eliminate death trend, with the right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure decreases, the front-right wheel under the action of inertia force will speed up gradually; accelerate gradually When the electronic control device determines the lock front-right wheel failure to completely eliminate according to the wheel speed sensors input signal, the electronic control unit makes right into the fluid electromagnetic valve and a liquid solenoid valves are without electricity, make into fluid electromagnetic valve to open, use liquid into closed electromagnetic valve, also make electric pump operation, energized to brake wheel cylinder pump brake fluid, output by brake main cylinder brake fluid electromagnetic valve into the right brake wheel cylinders, make right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure increased rapidly, opening up a front-right wheel failure and slow rotation. ABS control the sliding rate of wheels which tend to be locked through holding the brake force of wheels that tends to be locked repeatedly ,adhesion coefficient is in peak within the scope of the sliding rate, until the bus speed reduced to very low or brake main cylinder pressure no longer tend to be locked. Brake pressure to adjust cycle of frequency can reach 3 ~ 20HZ. In the ABS each has on the fluid and the fluid electromagnetic valve in corresponding at each brake wheel cylinder, but by the electronic control device to control, therefore, respectively, the brake wheel cylinder brake pressure can be independently adjustment so that four wheels are not occur braking lock phenomenon. Although various ABS structure form and working process is not exactly the same, are based on the brake holding pressure adaptive cycle adjustment of wheel which tends to be locked, to prevent the controlled wheels holding in death occurred when brake.3.3、ABS functionThe braking performance is one of main auto performance, it is also related to the security of driving. Evaluate the braking performance of a car , the basic index is brake acceleration ,braking distance and direction of braking time and braking stability.Braking stability points to that the vehicle can still be specified in the direction of auto brake when driving in the direction of track. If cars proceed high-speed brake (especially when emergency brake) and make the wheel fully embrace die, it is very dangerous. If front wheel is locked, it will make cars lose steering ability. If the rear wheel is locked, it will appear to swing tail or switching (running deviation, sideslip) especially in the road is all wet slippery case, it will cause the traffic safety great harm. Automobile braking force depends on the brake friction, but the braking force which can make the car brake to slow, and also restricted by ground adhesion coefficient. When brake produces braking force increases to certain value, the tires will appear slipping on the ground. Its sliding rateδ = (Vt - Va) / Vt x 100%δ: delta - sliding rate;Vt - theoretical speed of the car;Va - the actual speed of the car.According to the experiments confirm, when wheel sliding rate delta range from 15% to 20% , the ground adhesion coefficient reach maximum, therefore, in order to get the best braking effect, we must control the slip rate in 15% ~ 20% range.ABS function will namely decrease the brake force when the wheels will embrace dies, , and when the wheel will not hold died and increase braking force, so repeated action, braking effect is the best.3.4、The problems needing attention when ABS is used(1) After replace brake or replace hydraulic brake system components, it should exhaust the air in the brake pipe, lest affect braking system work normally.(2)The car equipped with ABS should be replaced every year. Otherwise, brake fluid hygroscopic is very strong, water will not only reduce the boiling point to make it easy to produce corrosion, and still can cause braking performance recession.(3) To examine ABS braking system should pull power firstly.制动系简介制动器通过摩擦的形式吸收运动车辆所具有的能量而起作用。
制动器零件中英文对照
CE-1FRT BRAKE[breik］ASS'Y — LH/RH 前左/右转向节带盘式制动器轮毂总成KNUCKLE[’nʌkl]ASS'Y WITH HUB［hʌb］BEARING[’bεəriŋ]— LH/RH左/右转向节带轮毂总成KNUCKLE M/C — LH/RH左/右转向节KNUCKLE CASTING［’kɑ:stiŋ]- LH/RH左/右转向节毛坯BEARING — 1ST GEN双列球轴承CIRCLIP ['sə:klip］孔用弹性挡圈HUB FLANGE［flændʒ］前轮毂WHEEL［hwi:l］MT'G BOLT[bəult］前轮毂螺栓SPLASH［splæʃ］SHIELD［ʃi：ld］前防溅罩BOLT - D/COVER 六角梅花头组合螺栓M6×14DISC[disk］M/C 前制动盘FLANGE BOLT 支架安装螺栓M12×1。
25×28FRT. CALIPER ［'kælipə（r)] ASS'Y-LH/RH 前左/右制动钳总成CYLINDER['silində] M/C [PLATING['pleitiŋ］] -LH/RH 前左/右制动钳体CYLINDER CAST’G [PLATING］- LH/RH 前左/右制动钳体毛坯BOOT[bu：t]PISTON［'pistən] ASS’Y前钳体活塞防尘罩RIM［rim] - BOOT PISTON 骨架BOOT PISTON前活塞防尘罩SEAL［si:l]PISTON 前活塞密封圈PISTON M/C 前钳体活塞CARRIER['kæriə］M/C ［PLATING］制动钳支架CARRIER CASTING 制动钳支架毛坯GUIDE［ɡaid] PILLAR['pilə］SHIELD［ʃi：ld] 导柱防尘盖GUIDE PILLAR CUSHION[’kuʃən] COLLAR['kɔlə] 导柱缓冲套GUIDE ROD［rɔd］导柱ASS’Y PAD［pæd] - LH/RH 左/右内/外制动衬块总成BERAKE LINING［’lainiŋ] WEAR[’wεə]SENSOR[’sensə，-sɔ:]- LH/RH左/右报警弹簧片SNAP［snæp] RING［riŋ]卡簧VIBRATION［vai'breiʃən] DAMPING[’dæmpiŋ］PIECE［pi:s] 内/外减振片PAD KIT［kit] 内/外制动衬块LINING 摩擦材料INTERNAL［in’tə:nəl］BRAKE PAD BASEPLATE［beis—pleit］内制动衬块底板EXTERNA L[ik'stə:nəl] BRAKE PAD BASEPLATE 外制动衬块底板PLACING［’pleisiŋ] STEEL［sti:l］WIRE ['waiə] 限位钢丝BLEED [bli：d] SCREW ［skru:］放气螺钉CAP［kæp] BLEED SCREW 放气螺钉防尘罩PLUG [plʌɡ］堵头REAR ［riə］CORNER［’kɔ:nə］ASS’Y — LH/RH 左/右后鼓式制动器带轮毂总成DRUM [drʌm] M/C 后制动鼓DRUM CASTING 后制动鼓毛坯WHEEL BEARING ASS’Y - 3RD GEN 左/右后轮毂轴承单元DRUM BRAKE ASS'Y-LH/RH左/右后制动器总成BACK [bæk］PLATE ASS'Y-LH/RH 左/右后制动底板总成BACK PLATE PIERCING［’piəsiŋ]-LH/RH 左/右后制动底板CABLE ['keibl］GUIDE—LH/RH 左/右拉线导向块RIVET['rivit] 铆钉LOCATING[ləu’keitiŋ] PLATE 支承块BEARING SLICE[slais] 支承片SHOE[ʃu：]HOLD［həuld］DOWN［daun］PIN［pin］制动蹄压下销HEXAGON［’heksəɡən］HEAD［hed] ASSEMBLING［ə’sembliŋ］BOLT六角头组合螺栓LINED SHOE ASS'Y -LH/RH左/右从蹄带摩擦片拉杆总成WAVE［weiv]—PATTERN[’pætən］GASKET［’ɡæskit］波形垫圈OPERATING［’ɔpəreitiŋ]LEVER［'li:və，’le-]—LH/RH 左/右拉杆PULLING［'puliŋ］ROD RIVET 拉杆铆钉WEB［web] 制动蹄筋BRAKE SHOE STRETCHED[stretʃd] SPRING［spriŋ］制动蹄拉紧弹簧BRAKE SHOE DEPRESSING［di’presiŋ］SPRING PIECE 制动蹄压下弹簧片LINED SHOE ASS'Y 制动领蹄带摩擦片总成ADJUSTER［ə’dʒʌstə] ASS'Y-LH/RH 左/右调整器总成ADJUSTING ROD ASSEMBLY 调整杆总成GUIDE BAR[bɑ:]导向杆SUPPORTING[sə'pɔ:tiŋ］BLOCK[blɔk] 支撑块SUPPORT II 支架ⅡPULLING PIECE 拔片STOP PLATE 限位板ROUND［raund］WIRE SNAP RINGS FOR SHAFT轴用钢丝挡圈ADJUSTING COVER-LH/RH左/右调整套STETCHING SCREW—LH/RH 左/右调整螺杆SHOE RETURN[ri'tə:n]SPRING—UPPER（A）制动蹄回位弹簧DUST[dʌst] COVER 分泵活塞防尘罩BLEED［bli：d] SCREW［skru:] 放气螺钉CAP BLEED SCREW 放气螺钉防尘罩PARKING['pɑ:kiŋ］CABLE ASS'Y — LH/RH 左/右手制动拉索总成SPRING 弹簧FIXED[fikst] MOUNT[maunt］II -LH/RH 左/右固定架ⅡSTEEL WIRE INTERLAYER PROTECTION PIPE［paip] 钢丝夹层保护管FASTENER[’fɑ:sənə]卡扣PIPE CLAMP[klæmp]III — LH/RH 左/右管夹ⅢPROTECTIVE SLEEVE III 保护套ⅢSTEEL WIRE ROPE［rəup］ASSEMBLY- LH/RH 左/右钢丝索总成(鼓式）RR。
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CE-1
FRT BRAKE[breik]ASS'Y - LH/RH 前左/右转向节带盘式制动器轮毂总成KNUCKLE['nʌkl]ASS'Y WITH HUB[hʌb]BEARING['bεəriŋ]- LH/RH
左/右转向节带轮毂总成
KNUCKLE M/C - LH/RH左/右转向节
KNUCKLE CASTING['kɑ:stiŋ]- LH/RH左/右转向节毛坯
BEARING - 1ST GEN双列球轴承
CIRCLIP ['sə:klip] 孔用弹性挡圈
HUB FLANGE[flændʒ] 前轮毂
WHEEL[hwi:l] MT'G BOLT[bəult] 前轮毂螺栓
SPLASH[splæʃ]SHIELD[ʃi:ld] 前防溅罩
BOLT - D/COVER 六角梅花头组合螺栓M6×14
DISC[disk] M/C 前制动盘
FLANGE BOLT 支架安装螺栓M12×1.25×28
FRT. CALIPER ['kælipə(r)] ASS'Y-LH/RH 前左/右制动钳总成CYLINDER['silində] M/C [PLATING['pleitiŋ]] -LH/RH 前左/右制动钳体CYLINDER CAST'G [PLATING] - LH/RH 前左/右制动钳体毛坯
BOOT[bu:t]PISTON['pistən] ASS'Y 前钳体活塞防尘罩
RIM[rim] - BOOT PISTON 骨架
BOOT PISTON前活塞防尘罩
SEAL[si:l]PISTON 前活塞密封圈
PISTON M/C 前钳体活塞
CARRIER['kæriə] M/C [PLATING] 制动钳支架
CARRIER CASTING 制动钳支架毛坯
GUIDE[ɡaid] PILLAR['pilə] SHIELD[ʃi:ld] 导柱防尘盖
GUIDE PILLAR CUSHION['kuʃən] COLLAR['kɔlə] 导柱缓冲套
GUIDE ROD[rɔd] 导柱
ASS'Y PAD[pæd] - LH/RH 左/右内/外制动衬块总成
BERAKE LINING['lainiŋ] WEAR['wεə]SENSOR['sensə, -sɔ:]- LH/RH
左/右报警弹簧片
SNAP[snæp] RING[riŋ]卡簧
VIBRATION[vai'breiʃən] DAMPING['dæmpiŋ] PIECE[pi:s] 内/外减振片PAD KIT[kit] 内/外制动衬块
LINING 摩擦材料
INTERNAL[in'tə:nəl] BRAKE PAD BASEPLATE[beis-pleit] 内制动衬块底板EXTERNA L[ik'stə:nəl] BRAKE PAD BASEPLATE 外制动衬块底板PLACING['pleisiŋ] STEEL [sti:l] WIRE ['waiə] 限位钢丝
BLEED [bli:d] SCREW [skru:] 放气螺钉
CAP [kæp] BLEED SCREW 放气螺钉防尘罩
PLUG [plʌɡ] 堵头
REAR [riə] CORNER['kɔ:nə] ASS'Y - LH/RH 左/右后鼓式制动器带轮毂总成DRUM [drʌm] M/C 后制动鼓
DRUM CASTING 后制动鼓毛坯
WHEEL BEARING ASS'Y - 3RD GEN 左/右后轮毂轴承单元
DRUM BRAKE ASS'Y-LH/RH左/右后制动器总成
BACK [bæk] PLATE ASS'Y-LH/RH 左/右后制动底板总成
BACK PLATE PIERCING['piəsiŋ]-LH/RH 左/右后制动底板
CABLE ['keibl] GUIDE-LH/RH 左/右拉线导向块
RIVET['rivit] 铆钉
LOCATING[ləu'keitiŋ] PLATE 支承块
BEARING SLICE[slais] 支承片
SHOE[ʃu:]HOLD[həuld] DOWN[daun]PIN[pin] 制动蹄压下销HEXAGON['heksəɡən]HEAD[hed] ASSEMBLING[ə'sembl iŋ] BOLT
六角头组合螺栓
LINED SHOE ASS'Y -LH/RH左/右从蹄带摩擦片拉杆总成
WAVE[weiv]-PATTERN['pætən]GASKET['ɡæskit]波形垫圈OPERATING['ɔpəreitiŋ]LEVER['li:və, 'le-]-LH/RH 左/右拉杆PULLING['puliŋ]ROD RIVET 拉杆铆钉
WEB [web] 制动蹄筋
BRAKE SHOE STRETCHED[stretʃd] SPRING[spriŋ]制动蹄拉紧弹簧BRAKE SHOE DEPRESSING[di'presiŋ] SPRING PIECE 制动蹄压下弹簧片LINED SHOE ASS'Y 制动领蹄带摩擦片总成
ADJUSTER[ə'dʒʌstə] ASS'Y-LH/RH 左/右调整器总成
ADJUSTING ROD ASSEMBLY 调整杆总成
GUIDE BAR[bɑ:]导向杆
SUPPORTING[sə'pɔ:tiŋ] BLOCK[blɔk] 支撑块
SUPPORT II 支架Ⅱ
PULLING PIECE 拔片
STOP PLATE 限位板
ROUND[raund]WIRE SNAP RINGS FOR SHAFT轴用钢丝挡圈ADJUSTING COVER-LH/RH左/右调整套
STETCHING SCREW-LH/RH 左/右调整螺杆
SHOE RETURN[ri'tə:n]SPRING-UPPER(A) 制动蹄回位弹簧
DUST[dʌst] COVER 分泵活塞防尘罩
BLEED[bli:d] SCREW[skru:] 放气螺钉
CAP BLEED SCREW 放气螺钉防尘罩
PARKING['pɑ:kiŋ]CABLE ASS'Y - LH/RH 左/右手制动拉索总成
SPRING 弹簧
FIXED[fikst] MOUNT[maunt]II -LH/RH 左/右固定架Ⅱ
STEEL WIRE INTERLAYER PROTECTION PIPE[paip] 钢丝夹层保护管FASTENER['fɑ:sənə]卡扣
PIPE CLAMP[klæmp]III - LH/RH 左/右管夹Ⅲ
PROTECTIVE SLEEVE III 保护套Ⅲ
STEEL WIRE ROPE[rəup] ASSEMBLY- LH/RH 左/右钢丝索总成（鼓式）
RR. CALIPER ASS'Y-LH/RH 后左/右制动钳总成
ALARM[ə'lɑ:m] PIECE 报警片
VIBRATION DAMPING FILM[film] 减振片膜
INHAUL CABLE SUPPORT SEAT[si:t] 拉索支撑座
GUSSET PLATE-LH/RH 左/右联接板
BRAKE SHOE BARRIER['bæriə] 制动蹄挡片
SPLASH GUARD[ɡɑ:d]-LH/RH 左/右挡泥板
LOWER TENSION['tenʃən] SPRING 左/右下拉力弹簧
PARKING BRAKE SHOE PUSH PLATE 驻车制动蹄推板
split[split] washe r['wɔʃə, 'wɔ:-] 开口挡圈
INHAUL CABLE SEAL RUBBER['rʌbə] BLANKET['blæŋkit]拉索密封橡胶垫
SHOE HOLD DOWN PIN 制动蹄压下销SHOE HOLD DOWN SPRING 制动蹄压下弹簧。