2013职称英语 综合类新增Starting a New Tradition【含详细生词翻译及译文】
2013职称英语综合类新增StartingaNewTradition【含详细生词翻译及译文】
2013职称英语综合类新增StartingaNewTradition【含详细生词翻译及译文】Starting a New Tradition阅读判断第十二篇Starting a New TraditionShantelle Davis is a nine-year-old girl in New York. On a cold night in December, her family is standing around the kitchen table while she lights a candle. The table is decorated with baskets of fruits and vegetables and ears of com for Shantelle and her two brothers.“This candle represents umoja, an African word that means being together,” Shantelle says. “That's the most important thing for a family.”Tonight is the first night of Kwanzaa, and Shantelle is spending the holiday with her family. More than 5 million African Americans celebrate Kwanzaa every year from December 26 until January I. It's a time when they get together with their families to think about their history and their ancestors in Africa.Kwanzaa is very unusual because it was started by one man. In 1966, an American named Maulana Karenga wanted a holiday for African-Americans to honor their culture and traditions. So he used words and customs from Africa to create a new celebration. He took the name Kwanzaa from the words for “first fruits” in Swahili, an African language. At first, a few American families had small celebrations at home. Now there are also Kwanzaa events in schools and public places，and Kwanzaa has spread to other countries like Canada and Jamaica.The main symbol of Kwanzaa is a candleholder with seven candles, one for each of the principles of Kwanzaa. Each night, a family member lights one of the candles and talks about the ideait represents：being together, being yourself, helping each other, sharing, having a goal，creating, and believing. The candles are red, black, and green, the colors of Kwanzaa. The parents also pour drinks to honor family members who have died. On the last night of Kwanzaa, there is a big dinner with African food, and children receive small presents.Today people can buy Kwanzaa greeting cards and special Kwanzaa clothes. Stores sell Kwanzaa candles and candleholders. Some people don't believe that Kwanzaa is a real holiday，because it's so new. But other people say that customs and celebrations are always changing and that Kwanzaa shows what is important in people's lives.Shantelle Davis says she likes Kwanzaa because it's fun. “But I also learn new things every year," she says.词汇：ancestor n.祖宗，祖先be decorated with 由……所装饰honor vt. 尊敬,使荣幸; n.荣誉,尊敬ears of com玉米穗candleholder n.烛台注释：1. It's a time when they get together with their families to think about their history and their ancestors in Africa.这段时间里他们和家人待在一起缅怀他们的历史和非洲的祖先。
职称英语综合类补全短文第四篇The First Four Minute逐句翻译
The First Four Minutes最初四分钟When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends?人们什么时候决定他们是否愿意成为朋友？During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, “Contact：The first four minutes" he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships：“Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.(1) A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that. ”按列奥纳多?祖尼博士的书中所说是在他们相处的最初四分钟。
在他的书《接触：最初四分钟》里，他向所有对开始新的友谊感兴趣的人们提出了这样的建议：“每次你在社交场合遇到什么人时，全神贯注地注意他四分钟。
如果这样做了的话，他们的生活就会完全不同。
”；You may have noticed that the average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. 你可能已经注意到了，一般人都不会全神贯注地注意一个他刚认识的人。
(2) He keeps looking over the other person's shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more.他不停地往其他人身后看，好像要在屋里其他地方找到更趣的人似的。
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类B级试题参考答案
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）试题参考答案1D2C3A4B5C6D7C8B9A10C11B12D13A14C15C16C17B18A19B20C21B22A23F24A25C26B27C28E29A30B31B32D33C34B35D36B37C38D39D40B41B42A43C44B45A46D47F48A49B50C51C52B53D54A55A56B57D58A59C60B61B62D63A64C65A 2013年全国职称英语等级考试综合类（B级）试题题解第1部分：词汇选项1D come、across是固定搭配，意思是“偶遇，碰巧发现”，因此选择D选项。
pass by“路过”，take a notice of“注意到”，wake up“醒来”。
2C incredible意为“难以置信的”，与unbelievable同义。
obvious“明显的”，unclear“不明的”。
3A tempt“吸引，诱惑”，此处为被动态，句子意思为：他被这家公司开出的高额薪水吸引了。
A选项符合句义。
4B aggressive意为“好斗的，富于攻击性的”，与offensive相近，如：Men tend to be more aggressive than women.男性往往比女性更具有攻击性。
Knives of any sort are classed as offensive weapons.任何刀具都属于攻击性武器。
worried“担心的”，sleepy“困倦的”，anxious“焦急的”。
5C as regards是固定搭配，意思是“关于”，如：There is no problem as regards the financial arrangements.资金筹备方面毫无问题。
6D migrate的意思是“迁徙”，travel除了常见的“旅行”意思外，还有“行进”的意思，如：Supersonicplanes can travel faster than the speed of sound.超音速飞机的速度比音速快。
职称英语真题及答案(综合类A级)
xx年职称英语真题及答案(综合类A级)xx年职称英语真题及答案(综合类A级)试卷是一些纸张或电子版，在纸张或电子版上印有组织者为检测承受考试者学习情况而设定的`、并规定在一定时间内需完成的一些题目。
也可以是资格考试中用以检验考生能力进展筛选人才的工具。
下面是精心为大家的考试真题及答案，希望对大家有帮助，更多内容请关注!1.【题干】Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.A.honestB.qualifiedC.enabledD.clever2.【题干】The latest car model embodies the new research development.A.listsB.includesC.borrowsD.broadens3.【题干】The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremeA.severeB.hardC.warmD.dry4.【题干】She is an artist whose work will undoubtedly withstand the test of time.A.gradeB.attractC.bearD.suffer5.【题干】He wore a shabby thin overcoat in the cold winter so that he fell ill.A.oldB.bigC.newD.small6.【题干】The weather was so gorgeous that many people went outing.A.uncontrollableB.pleasantC.cloudyD.unbearable7.【题干】Competitors must abide by the judge's decisionA.keepB.readC.understandD.obey8.【题干】The umbrella was ingeniously devised to fold up into the pocket.A.seriouslyB.cleverlyC.attentivelyD.carefully9.【题干】Some newspapers in the west are notably biased.A.especiallyB.whollyC.totallyD.fairly10.【题干】His answers were obscure and confusing.A.unclearB.obviousC.clearD.direct11.【题干】The way she looked after her young sister was really touching【选项】A.disturbingB.connectingC.movingD.waving12.【题干】We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A.stableB.suitableC.changeableD.adaptable13.【题干】They have built canals to irrigate the desert.A.decorateB.changeC.visitD.water14.【题干】The details of the costume were totally authentic.A.outstandingB.realC.creativeD.false15.【题干】The new garment fits her perfectly.A.clothesB.haircutC.purseD.necklaceIne tax【个人所得税】For many young Americans, graduating from college means finding a job, moving out of the dorm room and beginning to register one's annual earnings with the US government.That last item is the law, though sometimes it's a hassle(难事)to obey.Independent tax advisor Bob Gilbert calls the US ine tax system "amazingly plicated". But he adds that "very little of the plicated tax law applies to young people who are just beginning their careers". Aording to Gilbert, 80 to 90 percent of Americans are not really burdened by the system's plications.Still, all the numbers and forms can be a little confusing to those who are just starting their careers. Some pull out their calculators and try to do the math alone. Some use ine tax software. Others just hand the whole responsibility over to tax firms like Gilbert's. Aording to ine tax law expert Linda Beale, young peoplewill often follow their parents' lead when filling their ine forms."Young people who grow up in wealthy households typically use professional tax services because their parents have always done so," said Beale, a professor at Wayne State University in Michigan State."On the other hand, most poorer young people probably try to do their own taxes, unless they want a quick'refund' with the help of a tax advisor".In fact, obeying the law has its benefits. For one, many young people can expect a tax refund. This means that, over the course of the year, they have paid too much in monthly federal or state taxes and are entitled to the difference.Bob Thalman, a 20-year-old university student, expects he will get a refund of about 100, which will probably go in the bank, or perhaps be used to pay for car insurance or credit card bills.Thalman called the whole process a "hassle", but added that he didn't wat to test the law by not filling his ine tax papers."I'm worried about what would happen if I failed to file," he said. "I know one individual who did not report his ine tax for many years, and he's now in federal prison.I certainly don’t want that."16.【题干】A college student with a part-time job is not required to file an ine tax form.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.【题干】The US ine tax system does not wholly apply to a college graduate who is just beginning his or her career.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.【题干】It's pretty easy for a beginner to report his or her ine tax.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.【题干】When young people file their ine tax form, they will often follow in their parents' footsteps.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.【题干】Young people from poorer families needn't file their ine tax forms.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.【题干】If one has failed to report his or her ine tax for quite a few years, he or she may be put in prison.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.【题干】The US ine tax system will be simplified in the next few years.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedTunguska Event1 A hundred years ago this week, a giganticexplosion ripped (撕裂) open the day y above a forest in western Siberia, leaving ascientific riddle that endures to this day.2 A dazzling light pierced the heavens,followed by a shock wave as strong as 1,000 atomic bombs. The explosionflattened 80 million trees across an area of 2,000 square kilometers. Thefireball was so great that, a day later, Londoners could read their newspapersunder the night sky. What caused the so-called Tunguska Event, named after thenearby Podkamennaya Tunguska river, still remains a mystery.3 Experts suspect it was a rock that, aftertraveling in space for millions of years, was destined to crash to Earth atexactly 7:17 a.m. on June 30, 1908. This possibility worries scientists.“Imagine an unspotted asteroid (小行星) hitting a significant chunk(块) of land ... and imagine ifthat area, unlike Tunguska, werepopulated,” the British science journal Nature mented recently.4 But no fragments of the “rock” have everbeen found. Finding such evidence would be important, for it would increase ourknowledge about the risk posed by dangerous Near Earth Objects (NEOs), sayItalian researchers Luca Gasperini, Enrico Bonatti and Giuseppe Longo. When thenext Tunguska NEO approaches, scientists will have to decide whether to try todeflect (使偏转) it or blowit up in space.5 However, several rival theories for theTunguska Event exist. Wolfgang Kundt, a professor at Germany's Bonn University,believes the Tunguska Event was caused by a massive escape of 10 million tonsof methane(甲烷)-rich gasfrom deep within earth's crust. Some people hold that the explosion was causedby an alien spaceship crash, or a black hole in the universe.23. Paragraph 224. Paragraph 325. Paragraph 426. Paragraph 5A. Competing ExplanationsB. Unknown AttacksC. Mysterious ExplosionD. Star WarE. Importance of Finding EvidenceF. Explanation that Worries Scientists27. The giganticexplosion that ourred a hundred years ago28. The shock wavewhich followed the dazzling light29. The hypothesisthat the explosion was caused by a rock colliding with the Earth30. Wolfgang Kundt,who has developed an alternative theoryA. has remained a puzzleB. lacks sufficient evidenceC. is a university professorD. was generated by the explosionE. will kill many animalsF. are attacked by aliensDon’t count on dungConservationists (自然保护主义者) may be miscalculating the numbers of the threatened animals such as elephants, say African and American researchers. The error ours because of a flaw in the way they estimate animal numbers from the piles of dung (粪) the creatures leave behind.The mistake could lead researchers to think that there are twice as many elephants as there really are in some regions, aording to Andrew Plumptre of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in New York.Biologist Katy Payne of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, agrees. "We really need to know elephant numbers and the evidence that we have is quite indirect," says Payne, who electronically tracks elephants.Counting elephants from planes is impossible in the vast rainforests of Central Africa. So researchers often estimate elephant numbers by counting dung piles in a given area. They also need to know the rate at which dung decays: Because it's extremely difficult to determine these rates, however, researchers counting elephants in one region tend to rely on standard decay rates established elsewhere.But researchers at the WCS have found that this decay rate varies from region to region depending on the climate and environment. Using the wrong values can lead the census astray (离开正道), says Plumptre.He and his colleague Anthony Chifu Nchanji studied decaying elephant dung in the forests of Cameroon. They found that the dung decayed between 55 and 65 per cent more slowly than the dung in the rainforests of neighbouring Gabon. If researchers use decay rates from Gabon to count elephants in Cameroon, they would probably find more elephants than are actually around.This could mean estimates in Cameroon are at least twice as high as those derived from decay rates calculated locally, says Plumptre. "However aurate your dung densityestimate might be, the decay rate can severely affect the result."Plumptre also says that the dung-pile census should be carried out over a region similar in size to an elephant's natural range. The usual technique of monitoring only small, protected areas distorts numbers because elephants move in and out of these regions, he says. "If the elephant population increases within the protected area, you can not determine whether it is a real increase or whether it isdue to elephants moving in because they are being poached (入侵偷猎) outside."Plumptre says that similar problems may also affectother animal census studies that rely on indirect evidence such as nests, tracks or burrows (地洞).1 The word "threatened" in the first sentence of the first paragraph could be best replaced byA "endangered".B "frightened".C "killed".D "angered".2 Why do researchers estimate elephant numbers in an area by counting dung piles?A Because elephants are difficult to catch.B Because it is not possible to count elephants from a plane.C Because it is not possible to keep track of elephants.D Because elephants are shy animals.3 Piles of dung can't be relied upon when it es to estimating elephant numbers becauseA they are different in size.B they scatter all over the region.C they are different in decay rate.D they are different in quality.4 Aording to Plumptre, the region over which a dung-pile census is carried out should beA small enough.B well protected.C carefully monitored.D large enough.5 The first word "He" in paragraph6 refers toA Andrew Plumptre.B Katy Payne.C Anthony Chifu Nchanji.D the writer of the article.。
职称英语综合类A、B、C级综合试卷-23
职称英语综合类A、B、C级综合试卷-23(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}第1部分：词汇选项{{/B}}(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The poet William Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician.（分数：1.00）A.doctor √B.professorC.physicistD.resident解析：2.Efficient air service has been made available through modern technology.（分数：1.00）A.AffluentB.ModernC.InexpensiveD.Effective √解析：3.She was grateful to him for being so good to her.（分数：1.00）A.helpfulB.hatefulC.delightfulD.thankful √解析：4.Can you account for your absence from the class last Thursday?（分数：1.00）A.explain √B.examineC.excuseD.expand解析：5.There is a trend towards equal opportunities for men and women.（分数：1.00）A.tideB.tendency √C.targetD.trail解析：6.The cars traveled 200 miles a day.（分数：1.00）A.cameB.covered √C.goneD.walked解析：7.A will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of the deceased are realized. （分数：1.00）A.fulfilled √B.affiliatedC.advocatedD.received解析：8.People from many countries were drawn to the United States by the growing cities and industries. （分数：1.00）A.draftedB.transportedC.attracted √D.ordered解析：9.After a bitter struggle the rebels were forced to submit.（分数：1.00）A.yield √B.dedicateC.renderD.incline解析：10.Customers are well waited on in this big department store.（分数：1.00）A.served √B.changedC.paidD.treated解析：11.We will set off after he finishes packing.（分数：1.00）A.set out √B.set backC.set upD.set down解析：12.Anxiety about financial matter lessened somewhat when, in 1910, the United States accepted responsibility for Liberia's survival.（分数：1.00）A.descendedB.fadedC.diminished √D.highlighted解析：13.The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.（分数：1.00）A.continuously √B.quicklyC.excessivelyD.exceptionally解析：14.The most prominent characteristics of handwriting are undoubtedly letter formation and slant. （分数：1.00）A.presumablyB.in many casesC.surely √D.without bias解析：15.The Victorian speaker was noted for his manual gestures.（分数：1.00）A.expressiveB.physical √C.exaggeratedD.dubious解析：二、{{B}}第2部分：阅读判断{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
2013职称英语 综合类新增Shark Attack!(含详细生词翻译及译文)
第三篇Shark Attack!Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard, scanning the distance for his next wave，when his board suddenly stopped moving. He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. “I could have touched its eye with my elbow,” says Craig. The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn't heard a thing.In his horror and confusion，he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark's teeth. He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water. Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers，the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below.Although sharks are often categorized as killers that hunt and eat as many humans as they can, this is factually inaccurate. Sharks very rarely kill humans. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightning or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark. Only 74 people have been reported killed by great whites in the last century. But great white sharks can reach six meters in length and weigh 2,200 kilograms or more. With frightening jaws that can hold up to 3,000 teeth arranged in several rows，they could very easily kill and eat a helpless human in the water. Why is it, then, that most people survive attacks by great whites? Shark researchers are trying to comprehend the reasons that allow people to escape without being eaten.The most common explanation is that great whites don't see well. It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals or sea lions which make up a large part of their diet. There is reason to doubt this，however. Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also，when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard. They soon discover that humans are not a high —fat meal. “They spit us out because we're too bony,” says Aidan Martin，director of Reef Quest Center for Shark Research.Shark researchers like Martin hypothesize that great whites are actually curious animals that like to investigate things. It's possible that they use their bite not only to kill and eat, but also to gather information. Although such an experience is unlucky for people like Craig Rogers, when sharks bite surfboards or other objects or people，they are likely just trying to learn what they are.词汇：scan vt审视，细看,浏览elbow n.肘，肘部surface n, 表面，外表；vi.浮出水面，浮现drown vi.淹死，溺死注释：1. ... cut two of his fingers on the shark's teeth.被鲨鱼咬掉了两个指头。
最新-2013年职称英语综合类B级真题及答案
2013年职称英语综合类B级真题及答案一、词汇选项(理工B/卫生B可参考)1. bust-break(Come out, or I’ll bust the door down.)2、wary—cautious(The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.)3、rigid—inflexible(The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.)4、incredible—unbelievable(It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.)5、migrate—travel(These animals migrate south annually in search of food.)6、circulate—spread(Rumers began to circulate about his financial problems.)7、came across—found by chance(She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.)8、as regards—about(I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.)9、manipulate—influence(As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.)10、tempted—attracted(He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.)11、digest—understand(He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.)12、anchored—fixed(Make sure the table is securely anchored.)13、aggressive—offensive(She gets aggressive when she is drunk.)14、peculiar—strange(There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.)15、expire—end(The contract between the two companies will expire soon.)二、阅读判断(综合C考生可参考)Kicking the habit1、Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.——not mentioned2、We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do so.——wrong3、Bad habits may resume when we are under pressure. ——right4、Researchers were surprised by the answers that the volunteers gave in the first test. ——wrong5、The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time. ——not mentioned6、The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond to what we learn first. ——wrong7、If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of. ——right三、概括大意与完成句子(缺)Traffic James—No End in Sight四、阅读理解第一篇 Operation Migration(综合C考生可参考)1、 Whooping cranes migrate in winter toA. raise baby whooping cranes.B. get human help.C. find warmth and food.(正确答案)D. lay eggs.2、 Whooping cranes are native toA. Maxico.B. South America.C. The Persian Gulf.D. North America.(正确答案)3、 Operation Migration aims toA. lead young cranes on their first trip south.(正确答案)B. teach adult cranes how to fly.C. Breed cranes in special parks.D. Transport cranes to the North. (文章倒数第三段第一个句子，首次出现Operation Migration这个专有名词)4、 The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trips south isA. 1,200 miles.(正确答案)B. 120miles.C. 1,931 miles.D. 2,000 miles. (1931 kilometers，文章倒数三段中直接给出了答案，有个选项为1931 miles，是错误选项，数字正确，单位错误。
2013年职称英语考试综合类 阅读理解
a letter from alanI have learnt of a plan to…..1)to inform 2)because it isa place 3)a building4)have 5)say noa tale of Scottish rural lifeLewis Grassic Gibbon’s….1)the lives of rural Scottish farmers 2)she married only once 3)the history of kinraddie 4)the Germans 5)the end of traditional life Americans get touchy The new york times…1)nearly 2)embrace 3)diseases could be transmitted more easily through the extra-long body contact 4)in some countries,it’s usual for men to kiss each other on the cheek 5)positiveCan Buildings be designed to resist terrorist attackIn the aftermath of the…1)that was never thought of before the terrorist attack 2)was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts 3)was part of the building close to the world trade center 4)some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion 5)blast engineering emerges as a new branch of scienceclone farmFactory farming could soon enter a…..1)cloned 2)the 3)chickens could grow 4)origen has 5)farmers can Defending the theory of evolution still seems neededJudith s.weis ,a bilolgy….1)school boards oppose AIBS’seffort to defend the theory of evolution 2)darwin’s theory is denied as the central theory of biology 3)more than 80 societies and 250,000members 4)is fundamental to the development of modern genetics,molecular bilogyand genomics 5)beause theterm creationism is toodirecteiffel is an eyefulSome 300 meters up…1)tourists of 2)visitorsprefer 3)he climbed4)conducting 5)visitorscan imagineeat to liveA meager diet may….1)we have to begin dietingfrom childhood 2)toillustrate the effect ofmeager food on mice3)they are more likely tosuffer from inflammation4)the mice that starteddieting in old age 5)dietingis not a good method togive us health and a longlifefinding enlightenment inScotlandIn 1740’s…1)the ideas proposed bysome famous thinkers andintellectuals 2)to find waysto improve human societyas a whole 3)the prosperityof all nations 4)it is stillalive in a broad sense5)the radiation of Scottishhigher educationfeast on turkey and goodwishes at thanksgivingFour weeks ago US……1)ghosts 2)onthanksgiving 3)providingthem with 4)they can stay5)1620find yourself packing iton?blame friendsObesity can spread from…1)their friends 2)peoplewere not likely to loseweight when they haveskinny friends 3)friendsaffected each others’feelings of fatness 4)lifestyle 5)social networks letthe obesity spread rapidlygoal of AmericaneducationEducation is anenormous…1)to give 2)the subjects3)acquisition of the abilityto be 4)the students 5)itsuunderlyingincomeIncome may be national…1)the difference betweennational income an GNP2)the money 3)corporation4)the money not 5)peoplepay taxes somewhatimprotance of servicesThe United States hasmoved…1)services are important2)32.4million service jobs3)most of the fast growthin…low-paying 4)bymoney spent on businessservices as well as onconsumer services 5)theirprices”lucky”lord lucan-aliveor deadOn 8th November 1974lord….1)lord lucan has neverbeen found 2)it was darkand he thought she waslady lucan 3)sinking hisboat 4)thought he mighttalk to the police aboutthem if he was caught5)was really lord lucan inmodern sun worshippersPeople travel for a lot ofreasons.1)they wish to 2)to showthat 3)spain 4)every year5)rainy weathernew us plan for diseasepreventionUrging Americans to….1)they often result inunhealthy lifestyles2)higher survival rate forcancer 3)much less moneyneeded for diseasetreatment 4)promotingdisease prevention5)cancer death ratenarrow escapeWe had left the…1)rocks loosened bymelting ice could bedangerous 2)that climbersabove you might cause itto fall on you 3)rocks arefalling 4)being hit by arock isn’t “pleasant”at all5)the overhanging rockwould protect him fromfalling rocksoutside-the-classroomlearning makes a bingdifferentPutting a bunch ofcollege………1)will not take 2)buildingfriendship 3)she’s a seniorstudent 4)passion 5)polishorbital space planeWhile scientists aresearching the…1)carrying 2)NASA’s3)years 4)a spaceambulance 5)be mainlyoseola mccartyLA TE ONE SUNDAY….1)she gave her life savingsto help others throughuniversity 2)she hadworked hard, saved hardand invested carefully3)she wanted others tohave the opportunity4)hundreds of people putmoney into the fund 5)ofher generosityolder volcanic eruptionsV olcanoes were more…1)because they killed offlife more easily 2)bycomparing the proportionof life wiped out with thevolume of lava produced3)65 4)the cause of theirextinction has remained acontroversial issue 5)oldervolcanic eruptions weremore destructivepool watchSwimmers can drownin….1)artificial intelligence 2)itcan distinguish between aswimmer and a shadow3)it alerts the lifeguard4)he runs 5)ratedpop music in AfricaY oung musicians in…..1)more serious than mostpop music 2)both familiarand different 3)write aboutserious problems 4)studiedmusic in Boston 5)she hashad a difficult life herselfshark attackCraig rogers was sitting onhis surfboard……1)bit his surfboard 2)oftenlet 3)are 4)great 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common types of nonfiction,and one…….1)the characteristics 2)an autobiography 3)want to present 4)defining it 5)varied or differentTV shows and long bus tripsLong bus rides are like……1)Advertiesments 2)to talk 3)no billboards 4)they both have 5)excitingthe travels of Ibn battuta“I left tangier,mubirthplace…….the adventures 2)left to3)Ibn battuta had studied4)Ibn battuta should 5)thesultanthe changing middleclassThe united states……1)a social 2)the family3)prosperous 4)arestatement 5)as a groupthe development of balletBallet is a dance form thathas a long history.1)the way 2)louis 3)willcontinue 4)in 5)elaboratethe Barbie dollsIn the mid-1940’s1)to be 2)Harold mattson3)build 4)lilli 5)she doesthe saharaThe name saharaderives….1)life in 2)less than five3)a place of 4)the sahara5)groupthe familyThe structure of a familytakes…1)what makes 2)a married3)an anthropology4)pointing 5)readinesstales of the terrible pastIt is not the job offiction…1)two novels 2)in ohio3)the books 4)portrayal5)terriblethe only way is upThink of a modern cityand the first…..1)want to 2)the lack3)most 4)uninteresting5)in a liftthe national park serviceAmerica’s national parksare like….1)because they are alwaysout there 2)they protect thenational park system3)molding the nation 4)itis about the national parkservice 5)the work that hasbeen done by the partnersthe Cherokee nationLong before the white mancame…1)in the southeastern partof the U.S.2)writing downthe spoken language3)force the Cherokees tomove westward 4)all ofthe above 5)they did nothave enough food andclothesto have and have notIt had been boring…1)to have a change ofscene 2)the light comingfrom inside 3)of topquality 4)she seemed toknow him well 5)he sawnothing he really likedthe operation ofinternational airlinesInternational airlines….1)cater to the need ofpassengers sitting at bothends of the jets 2)thetourist industry isexperiencing an all-timelow 3)showing moremovies during the longflights 4)speeding upcustoms procedure 5)theydo not travel on the flightthey have bookedthe beginning ofAmerican literatureAmerican has always…1)the hope to start a newlife 2)long before the year1000 3)about the everydaylife of the nativeAmericans 4)early-dayexperience provided thefoundation for Americanliterature 5)some Britishwriters had greatconfidence in the future ofAmerican literaturewhy so many childrenIn many of the developingcountries…..1)can be an advantage2)the birth rate generallygoes down 3)industrializedcountry with a low birthrate 4)factors other thanthe economy influencebirth rate 5)has tried toimprove the condition ofwomenwomen staying inmini-skirts for longerBritish women are….1)a department store 2)theclimate of great Britain aregetting warmer in recentyears,thus women canwear minis for a longertime 3)most women nolonger wore mini-skirtswhen they reach the age of33 4)from the age of23,skirt length increasesbecause girls are in theirfirst stable relationship5)soar。
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Starting a New Tradition阅读判断第十二篇Starting a New TraditionShantelle Davis is a nine-year-old girl in New York. On a cold night in December, her family is standing around the kitchen table while she lights a candle. The table is decorated with baskets of fruits and vegetables and ears of com for Shantelle and her two brothers.“This candle represents umoja, an African word that means being together,” Shantelle says. “That's the most important thing for a family.”Tonight is the first night of Kwanzaa, and Shantelle is spending the holiday with her family. More than 5 million African Americans celebrate Kwanzaa every year from December 26 until January I. It's a time when they get together with their families to think about their history and their ancestors in Africa.Kwanzaa is very unusual because it was started by one man. In 1966, an American named Maulana Karenga wanted a holiday for African-Americans to honor their culture and traditions. So he used words and customs from Africa to create a new celebration. He took the name Kwanzaa from the words for “first fruits” in Swahili, an African language. At first, a few American families had small celebrations at home. Now there are also Kwanzaa events in schools and public places，and Kwanzaa has spread to other countries like Canada and Jamaica.The main symbol of Kwanzaa is a candleholder with seven candles, one for each of the principles of Kwanzaa. Each night, a family member lights one of the candles and talks about the idea it represents：being together, being yourself, helping each other, sharing, having a goal，creating, and believing. The candles are red, black, and green, the colors of Kwanzaa. The parents also pour drinks to honor family members who have died. On the last night of Kwanzaa, there is a big dinner with African food, and children receive small presents.Today people can buy Kwanzaa greeting cards and special Kwanzaa clothes. Stores sell Kwanzaa candles and candleholders. Some people don't believe that Kwanzaa is a real holiday，because it's so new. But other people say that customs and celebrations are always changing and that Kwanzaa shows what is important in people's lives.Shantelle Davis says she likes Kwanzaa because it's fun. “But I also learn new things every year," she says.词汇：ancestor n.祖宗，祖先be decorated with 由……所装饰honor vt. 尊敬,使荣幸; n.荣誉,尊敬ears of com玉米穗candleholder n.烛台注释：1. It's a time when they get together with their families to think about their history and their ancestors in Africa.这段时间里他们和家人待在一起缅怀他们的历史和非洲的祖先。
2. ... shows what is important in people's lives. ……展现了人们生活中重要的东西。
练习：2012-12-31 第 4 页，共 15 页1. Kwanzaa is celebrated at the end of the year.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2. Kwanzaa is a holiday for African-Americans.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3. Kwanzaa is a very old holiday.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. People in Africa celebrate Kwanzaa.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5. People spend a lot of time with their families during Kwanzaa.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6. Children receive presents at the end of Kwanzaa.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7. Everyone thinks Kwanzaa is an important holiday.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned译文及注解：Shantelle Davis is a nine-year-old girl in New York. On a cold night in December, her family is standing around the kitchen【厨房】table while she lights a candle【蜡烛】. The table is decorated【装饰、装潢】with baskets of fruits and vegetables and ears【穗】of com for Shantelle and her two brothers. 珊特尔•戴维斯是一位九岁的纽约小女孩。
12月的一个寒夜，珊特尔•戴维斯的家人都围站在餐桌边看着她点亮一支蜡烛。
水果蔬菜篮子和玉米穗装饰着这个餐桌，这些都是给珊特尔和她的两个兄弟的。
“This candle represents【代表】umoja, an African word that means being together,” Shantelle says. “That's the most important thing for a family.”“这支蜡烛代表umoja，在非洲这个词意味着在一起，”珊特尔说，“这是家庭中最重要的事。
”Tonight is the first night of Kwanzaa, and Shantelle is spending【花费】the holiday with her family. More than 5 million African Americans celebrate Kwanzaa every year from December 26 until January I. It's a time when they get together with their families to think about their history and their ancestors【祖先】in Africa. 今晚是宽扎节的第一个晚上，珊特尔正和她的家人待在一起。
超过500万的非洲裔美国人每年从12月26日到1月1日庆祝宽扎节。
这段时间里他们和家人聚在一起缅怀他们的历史和非洲的祖先。
Kwanzaa is very unusual【不平常的】because it was started by one man. In 1966, an American named Maulana Karenga wanted a holiday for African-Americans to honor【尊重，尊敬】their culture and traditions【传统】. So he used words and customs from Africa to create a new celebration【庆祝，庆祝会】. He took the name Kwanzaa from the words for “first fruits” in Swahili, an African language. At first, a few American families had small celebrations at home. Now there are also Kwanzaa events in schools and public places，and Kwanzaa has spread【伸开，铺开】to other countries like Canada and Jamaica. 宽扎节非常独特，因为它是由一个人创立的。