人教版2019-2020学年八年级期中模拟测试语文试题(I)卷

人教版2019-2020学年八年级期中模拟测试语文试题(I)卷
人教版2019-2020学年八年级期中模拟测试语文试题(I)卷

人教版2019-2020学年八年级期中模拟测试语文试题(I)卷

姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________

考试须知:

1、请首先按要求在本卷的指定位置填写您的姓名、班级等信息。

2、请仔细阅读各种题目的回答要求,在指定区域内答题,否则不予评分。

一、现代文阅读

阅读下面的文章,完成小题。

《红星照耀中国》主题阅读

(新闻链接)

___________________________

人民日报海外版北京7月25日电(记者宋爽)献礼新中国成立70周年重大革命历史题材电影《红星照耀中国》日前在京首映。影片改编自美国记者埃德加·斯诺的同名纪实文学作品,讲述其在1936年冒险深入“红色中国临时首都”陕北保安进行实地采访,亲眼见证中国共产党人和中国工农红军在艰苦条件下心系民族大局、坚持革命斗争的故事。

“影片回答的不仅是历史的问题,更是现实的问题与未来的问题——中国共产党人的初心何在、信仰何在,以及中国共产党的终极目标究竟是什么。”中国文艺评论家协会主席仲呈祥对影片的精神价值予以充分肯定。

该片由中共四川省委宣传部、中共陕西省委宣传部、峨眉电影集团有限公司等联合摄制出品,由李雪健、李幼斌、蒋雯丽等一批知名艺术家倾情演绎,将于8月8日全国公映。

(作家作品)

1928年,年仅23岁的斯诺带上一部旧柯达相机,作为临时船员,踏上寻找“东方魅力”的冒险之旅。为了探明“红色中国”的真相:“中国共产党人究竟是什么样的人?他们同其他地方的共产党人或社会党人有哪些地方相像,哪些地方不同”,他踏上红都延安的土地,看到共产党人虽在贫瘠的陕北山区里,却实现了男女平权、免费教育,红军战士终日唱着歌豪迈地走向战场……他用手中的摄影机和相机记录下这一切,留下红军时期唯一的电影资料。回到北平的寓所后,斯诺以满腔热情写下了采访录——《红星照耀中国》。他兴奋地写道:“我所见到的,我所听到的,都在告诉我,这是一支中国历史上从未出现过的队伍。他们的存在,是世界的一个奇迹,他们的精神,

是世界文明的一份财富。”他毫不隐讳地预言了中国共产党的胜利、中国的未来。

(内容节选)

(1)有一件事情使我感到迷惑。共产党人是怎样给他们的军队提供吃的、穿的和装备呢?像其他许多人一样,我原以为他们一定是完全靠劫掠来维持生活。我已经说过,我发现这种臆想是错误的,因为我看到,他们每占领一个地方,就着手建设他们自己的自给经济,单单是这件事实,就能够使他们守住一个根据地而不怕敌人的封锁。此外,对于中国无产阶级军队能够靠几乎不能相信的极少经费活下去,我也是没有认识的。

(2)红军声称他们百分之八十以上的枪械和百分之七十以上的弹药是从敌军那里夺来的。如果说这是难以置信的话,我可以作证,我所看到的正规军基本上是用英国、捷克斯洛伐克、德国和美国机关枪、步枪、自动步枪、毛瑟枪和山炮装备起来,这些武器都是大量地卖给南京政府的。

(3)我看见红军使用的唯一俄国制步枪,是一九一七年造的产品。我直接从几个前马鸿逵将军的士兵口中听到,这些步枪是从马的军队那里夺来的。而国民党手中的宁夏省残余部分的省主席马将军又是从冯玉祥将军那里把这些步枪接过手来的,冯将军在一九二四年统治过这个地区,曾从外蒙古得到一些武器。红军正规军不屑使用这些老式武器,我看见只有游击队的手中才有这种武器。

(4)我在苏区时,要想同俄国的武器来源发生任何接触,客观上是不可能的。红军为总数将近四十万的各种敌军所包围,而且敌人控制着每一条通向外蒙古、新疆或苏联的道路。别人老是指责他们从俄国那里得到武器,我想,要是有一些这样的武器居然从天而降,他们是乐意得到的。但是,只要看一看地图就十分明白,在中国共产党人往北方和西方扩大更多的面积以前,莫斯科没法供应任何定货,姑且假定莫斯科有意这么做,但那是大可怀疑的。

1 . 请给“新闻链接”拟一个标题。

2 . 作为纪实作品,其基本特点是用事实讲话,参考图中所示,结合节选文章,完成下面的思维导图,进一步掌握纪实文学的实证方法:

3 . 阅读纪实作品,要重视从作品中获得启迪,以指导自己的学习与生活。斯诺在《红星照耀中国》里写道:“我所见到的,我所听到的,都在告诉我,这是一支中国历史上从未出现过的队伍。他们的存在,是世界的一个奇迹,他们的精神,是世界文明的一份财富。”结合《红星照耀中国》原文分析斯诺这样评价的原因,并联系自己的学习生活实际谈谈这种精神对你的影响。

阅读下面的文章,完成小题。

人在路上书为伴

①这事还要从几年前说起,那时办公室里有一个刚参加工作的小姑娘,年轻、爱笑、胸无城府……有几日,小姑娘突然安静了许多,手里捧着一本书很投入地看。有一天,小姑娘说买了本《红与黑》问我看不。“噢,看吧。”出于礼貌,又有很多空余时间,我就答应了。后来我才知道,初入社会的小姑娘是为了将来能成为一个合格的妈妈,才开始买书、读书的。这理由听起来挺好笑,可我怎么也笑不起来,有层波澜发自心底。更让我没想到的是,读书这事一开头便收不住了尾。

②我曾自称“山人”,自由、随性,看书也一样。《红与黑》中大段大段的景物描写、心理描写我一目十行地看,有时干脆直接翻页,这可能还是我小时候看武侠小说养成的习惯。《红与黑》我囫囵吞枣地读完了,印象中也只有聪明的于连和那个仪态华贵的瑞纳夫人,至于弄明白小说深层次揭示的社会的“红”与“黑”,则是很久以后的事了。书是读完了,如果到此为止,也就结束了。谁知小姑娘还在不断地从网上买书,并不断地问我“看不看”,我也就煞有介事地把书摊在办公桌上,有心无心地看看。时间长了,反倒觉得这比谈些不着边际的话题或家长里短好。

③书里的故事逐渐让人欲罢不能,书中人物的音容笑貌恍若眼前。

④我嗅到了顿河两岸初春桦树鼓起黏稠的嫩芽时所散发出的淡淡的酒香,瘦高的葛利高里坐在树下,不远处是他悠闲地啃吃着青草的战马。犹太小姑娘莉赛尔瑟缩在战争的瓦砾旁,怀里抱着爸爸的手风琴,哭泣着,手风琴再也不会发出声响,一如我眼中的泪水流进了心里无声无息。看完《静静的顿河》《偷书贼》,我意犹未尽,又主动看了《安妮日记》,因为我想从书中找到犹太人的“魂”,弄明白那个在沙漠中建国的以色列如何在全世界面前赢得自尊。

⑤记得有一次看完一部长篇小说后,我把它推荐给身边的朋友,朋友却说已经看过三遍了。我愕然,惭愧,自感肤浅。从此,我不再茫然他顾,不再沾沾自喜,躁动的心也日趋沉淀。

⑥时间在流淌,随着时间流淌的还有那些耳熟能详的书,《战争与和平》《复活》《安娜·卡列妮娜》《巴黎圣母院》《了不起的盖茨比》《追风筝的人》《摆渡者》《红树林》《白夜》《许三观卖血记》《活着》《简·爱》……从图书馆借,从小姑娘手里借,从语文老师那里借,这些书,很多就成了我的好朋友。于是我也开始网购,书到了,我很

认真地打开包装,在扉页的右上角贴一枚心仪的邮票,算是表达一种虔敬,也算是一种仪式吧。平抚一下激动的心,左手捏着书脊,右手大拇指和食指捏住书的另一端,然后大拇指次递轻轻松开,书的墨香就散发开来,让人心静,让人回味无穷。

⑦我享受那一刻的美,那是压缩了的故事,那是整个世界。

⑧书越来越多,就像朋友围在我身边。读到精彩处,我会合上书,让自己静一静,有时觉得自己也成了书中的人。茶余饭后,散步归来,或是日光灼灼,或是小雨霏霏,在放有长寿花的小桌上泡一杯绿茶,在茶香里翻开书……

⑨喜欢书的同时我也喜欢上了风景,只是现在看到的风景较从前有了更多的内涵。小到每次上下班走过的缠在尖山山腰的小路、县城不远处的矮山,大到暑假去过的海滨、名山、青藏高原。坐在长满石楠花的山坡上,脑海中浮现出《摆渡人》中的那个小男孩崔斯坦,还有那个体弱志坚的小姑娘迪伦穿行在另一个世界的荒原的情景。他们奔到了第几个小屋?是否已经疲惫不堪?壁炉里的火是否温暖?我的思维在眼前的风景里跃动。左边的落日已经接近地平线,这时《左边是天才右边是疯子》告诉我“时间没变,是我在变”。

⑩书为我去除了生活中许多的虚伪,为我拂去生命中太多的浮华。在一个最适宜读书的环境里,我认真地工作着,享受着书对我潜移默化的陶冶。被文字涤荡过的心更上进,被语言淘洗过的思想更纯净。那个将我带入读书世界的小姑娘——现在,我已经把她当作我的“老师”了。我想,她将来一定是一位合格的母亲。

(作者张尚仓,有删改)

4 . 通读全文,依据作者读书状态的四个变化,补全下面内容。

①出于礼貌被动地读;② _____________;③主动地、自觉地借书以至买书读;④________________。

5 . 品味语言,回答问题。

(1)结合语境,赏析第④段加点的词语。

我嗅到了顿河两岸初春桦树鼓起黏稠的嫩芽时所散发出的淡淡的酒香,瘦高的葛利高里坐在树下,不远处是他悠闲地啃吃着青草的战马。

(2)请从人物描写方法的角度,赏析第⑥段画线句。

平抚一下激动的心,左手捏着书脊,右手大拇指和食指捏住书的另一端,然后大拇指次递轻轻松开,书的墨香就散发开来,让人心静,让人回味无穷。

6 . 谈谈对第⑩段中画线句“被文字涤荡过的心更上进,被语言淘洗过的思想更纯净”一句的理解。

7 . 文章在构思和写作手法方面富有特色,结合文章内容,就其中一点写出你的发现和见解。

二、文言文阅读

阅读下文,回答问题。

岳阳楼记

庆历四年春,滕子京谪守巴陵郡。越明年,政通人和,百废具兴。乃重修岳阳楼,增其旧制,刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上。属予作文以记之。

予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。衔远山,吞长江,浩浩汤汤,横无际涯;朝晖夕阴,气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也,前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡,南极潇湘,迁客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无异乎?

若夫霪雨霏霏,连月不开,阴风怒号,浊浪排空;日星隐曜,山岳潜形;商旅不行,樯倾楫摧;薄暮冥冥,虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也,则有去国怀乡,忧谗畏讥,满目萧然,感极而悲者矣。

至若春和景明,波澜不惊,上下天光,一碧万顷;沙鸥翔集,锦鳞游泳;岸芷汀兰,郁郁青青。而或长烟一空,皓月千里,浮光跃金,静影沉璧,渔歌互答,此乐何极!登斯楼也,则有心旷神怡,宠辱皆忘,把酒临风,其喜洋洋者矣。

嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲。居庙堂之高则忧其民;处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶?其必曰“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”欤!噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?

时六年九月十五日

8 . 本文作者是______(朝代)政治家、文学家______(人名)。

9 . 解释下列加点词语在文中的意思。

(1)增其旧制(________)

(2)予观夫巴陵胜状(________)

(3)得无异乎(________)

(4)樯倾楫摧(________)

10 . 作者在文中是怎样概括“岳阳楼之大观”的?请找出文中语句并工整抄写下来。

11 . 关于岳阳楼,“前人之述备矣”,那么作者在本文中重点表达的内容是什么?

12 . 作者身在贬谪之中却用“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”勉励自己和朋友,你怎样评价这种情怀?

三、句子默写

13 . 根据课文默写古诗文。

(1)______________________,切问而近思,仁在其中矣。(《诗经·子张》)

(2)树木丛生,_________________。(曹操《观沧海》)

(3)王湾的《次北固山下》中,描写时序交替的景物,暗示着时光匆匆流逝的诗句是:

______________________,______________________。

(4)________________________________,险躁则不能冶性。(诸葛亮《诫子书》)

(5)不知何处吹芦管,_________________________ 。(李益《夜上受降城闻笛》)

(6)默写谭嗣同的《潼关》。

______________________________,_______________________________。

______________________________,_______________________________。

四、名著阅读

(附加题)

名著阅读(一)——《红星照耀中国》

14 . 看图填空

(1)图一所展现的内容是英勇的红军在_______途中经过大渡河时发生的一个家喻户晓的故事,这个故事是______________。

(2)西安事变的和平解决,使国共两党开始了第二次合作,成为由国内战争走向抗日民族战争的重要转折点。图二中左边的两位人物正是该事件的发动者——_______将军(任选一人回答),最右边的人物则是最终被迫接受停止内战、联合抗日主张的_______。

15 . 阅读下面的文字,并按要求回答问题。

蒋介石悬赏八万元要周恩来的首级,可是在周恩来的司令部门前,只有一个哨兵。我到了屋子里以后看到里面很干净,陈设非常简单。土炕上挂的一顶蚊帐,是唯一可以看到的奢侈品。炕头放着两只铁制的文件箱,一张木制的小炕桌当作办公桌。哨兵向他报告我的到来的时候,周恩来正伏案在看电报。

斯诺对自己第一次见到周恩来时的情景做了如上记录,透过这些文字,你看到的周恩来是怎样的一个人呢?请用一个词或者短语来评价周恩来,并说明理由。

16 . 阅读下面关于“红小鬼”的材料,回答问题

在西北苏区一共有少年先锋队员约四万名。少年先锋队员在红军里当通讯员、勤务员、号手、侦察员、无线电报务员、挑水员、宣传员、演员、马夫、护士、秘书甚至教员!有一次,我看见这样一个少年在一张大地图前,向一班新兵讲解世界地理。我生平所见到的两个最优美的儿童舞蹈家,是一军团剧社的少年先锋队员,他们是从江西长征过来的。

你可能会想,他们怎样能经受这样的生活。已经死掉或者被杀的,一定有不少。在西安府污秽的监狱里,关着二百多名这样的少年,他们是在做侦察或宣传工作时被捕的,或者是行军时赶不上队伍而被抓的。但是他们的刚毅坚忍精神令人叹服,他们对红军的忠贞不二、坚定如一,只有很年轻的人才能做到。……

少先队员喜欢红军,大概是因为在红军中,他们生平第一次受到人的待遇。他们吃住都像人,他们似乎每样事情都参加,他们认为自己跟任何人都是平等的。我从来没有看见过他们当中有谁挨过打或受欺侮。他们做通讯员和勤务员当然“受到剥削”(许多命令从上而下最后传到一些少先队员,这是使人惊奇的事情),但他们也有自己的活动自由,有自己的组织保护他们。他们学会了体育运动,他们受到初步的教育,而且他们对简单的马克思主义口号有了一种信仰,他们“都懂得红军是我们自己的军队——为无产阶级作战”。

在苏区,少年先锋队员的任务之一,是在后方检查过路旅客,看他们有没有路条。他们十分坚决地执行这项任务,把没有路条的旅客带到当地苏维埃去盘问。彭德怀告诉我,有一次被几个少年队员喝令站住,要看他的路条,否则就要逮捕他。“但是我就是彭德怀,”他说。“这些路条都是我开的。”“你是朱总司令我们也不管,”小鬼

们不信说,“你得有个路条。”他们叫人来增援,于是有几个孩子从田里跑来。彭德怀只好写了路条,签了字,交给他们,才能够继续上路。

总的说来,红色中国中有一件事情,是很难找出有什么不对的,那就是“小鬼”。他们精神极好。我觉得,大人看到了他们,就往往会忘掉自己的悲观情绪,想到自己正是为这些少年的将来而战斗,就会感到鼓舞。他们总是愉快而乐观,不管整天行军的疲乏,一碰到人问他们好不好就回答“好”,他们耐心、勤劳、聪明、努力学习,因此看到他们,就会使你感到中国不是没有希望的,就会感到任何国家有了青少年就不会没有希望。在少年先锋队员身上寄托着中国的将来,只要这些少年能够得到解放,得到发展,得到启发,在建设新世界中得到起应有的作用的机会。我这样说听起来大概好像是在说教,但是看到这些英勇的年轻人,没有人能不感到中国人并不是生来腐败的,而是在品格上有着无限的发展前途。

《红星照耀中国》一书,斯诺通过在苏区进行的实地访谈,试图回答“红星为什么能照耀中国?”这一核心问题。请根据你对全书的理解,并结合以上材料,提出一个问题。并借助文字材料,对该问题做出回答。

五、综合性学习

阅读下面材料,完成小题

近些年,在一维条码的基础上发展起来的“二维码”走进了大众生活。

17 . 某同学要制作一份小报介绍二维码的应用,下列材料可选用的两则是

A.二维码的原理可以从矩阵式二维码的原理和行列式二维码的原理来讲述。

B.在火车票上印上二维码,记录买票人的信息,采用二维码进行售票、检票,可以大大提高通行效率,防止伪票。C.在报纸、杂志上印刷二维码,读者通过扫描上面的二维码,能够快速的在手机上阅读报纸、杂志上的内容。D.国外对二维码技术的研究始于20世纪80年代末,已研制出多种码制。

18 . 请向小伙伴再推荐一个生活中运用二维码的例子(试卷上已有例子除外),并用一句话说说它的好处。

19 . 综合性学习。请阅读下列材料,按要求答题。

某校九年级开展了“好读书,读好书”综合性学习活动,你参加了这次活动,请根据活动中收集的下列材料完成后面相关问题。

材料一:2017年4月23日,由中共县委、县人民政府主办,县委宣传部、县文化委、县文联承办的“4.23”世界读书日暨第十届重庆读书月活动在市政广场启动。活动倡议市民阅读多一点,书香浓一点,全民阅读,建设书香,共享美好生活。县领导王国琼、黄勇参加启动仪式。

据了解,此次活动得到了文化部门的积极参与,博物馆现场向市民发放了博物馆的相关书籍,资料,并让市民亲手体验了汉服涂色、墨韵拓片;县图书馆现场向市民免费赠阅图书,现场办理借书证,并发布图书捐赠倡议书,现场接受市民捐赠;县文化馆开展了公共文化设施免费开放、非遗、公共文化服务保障法等宣传;县新华书店精选300种优秀出版物在现场八五折优惠展销;县书法协会书法家现场挥毫送市民;县作协会员现场签名优惠售书;县艺术团送上了精彩的文艺节目。

(选自信息网,有删改)

材料二:下面是某中学在本次活动中对近三年来中学生阅读情况所进行的调查汇总表。

材料三:下面是中央电视台“我爱阅读”公益广告的广告词:

与书相伴的每一分钟都是对人生最好的奖赏。(中央电视台《半边天》主持人:李潘阿姨)

在书中可以与优秀的人物为伴,思想共舞。(中央电视台少儿频道主持人:月亮姐姐)

(1)请简要概括材料一主要内容。(不超过35个字)

(2)根据材料二,分析当前中学生阅读发生变化的特点。

(3)假如材料三当中为阅读广告代言的某一人是你的微信朋友,她的广告词对你阅读影响很大,你想用微信直接与她本人对话,点赞评论,请你把对她说的话写出来。

六、作文

20 . (1)话题作文

托尔斯泰说过:“一个人若没有热情,他将一事无成,而热情的基点正是责任心。有无责任心,将决定生活、家庭、工作、学习的成功和失败。这在人与人的所有关系中也无所不及。”

请以“责任”为话题,写一篇作文。

(2)半命题作文

题目:我因而快乐

请将题目补充完整后作文。

要求:①以上两题,任选其一作文;②除诗歌、戏剧外,文体不限;③不少于600字,书写规范工整;④凡涉及真实的地名、校名、人名一律用A、B、C等英文大写字母代替。

参考答案

一、现代文阅读

1、

2、

二、文言文阅读

1、

三、句子默写

1、

四、名著阅读

1、

五、综合性学习

1、

2、

六、作文

1、

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