(动词时态和被动语态)
动词时态及被动语态表 (2)

Will/shall have been done
过去
一般过去时:过去经常发生的动作行为,或存在状态。
did/was,were
被动语态:was/weredone
过去进行时:表示过去某个时间点或时间段内持续进行的动作行为。
was/were+doing
被动语态:was/were being done
状态
时间
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
1、一般现在时:现在经常发生的动作行为,或存在状态;2.以及客观事实真理。do,does/am,is,are
被动语态:am/is/are done
现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作行为。
am/is/are+doing
被动语态:am/is/are being done
现在完成时:动作开始在过去,其行为结果对现在有影响。
was/were+going to+do;would/should+do
被动语态:should/wouldbe done
被动语态:will/shall be done
将来进行时:按计划在将来某个时间点,即将发生的动作(更强调计划性)。
will/shall+be doing
被动语态:will/shall be being done
将来完成时:按计划43;have done
have/has+done
被动语态:have/has been done
现在完成进行时:动作开始在过去,其行为结果对现在有影响,并且动作持续到现在。
have/has+beendoing
被动语态:have/has been being done
动词的语态和时态的区别与用法

动词的语态和时态的区别与用法动词是语言中最重要的组成部分之一,它们描述了动作、状态或事件的发生和发展。
在语法中,动词分为不同的语态和时态,这些语态和时态有着不同的用法和含义。
本文将详细介绍动词的语态和时态的区别以及它们的正确用法。
一、动词的语态1. 主动语态主动语态是指主语是动作的执行者,它强调主体的主动性和行动能力。
在主动语态中,动词直接表示动作的发出。
举例:- The boy kicked the ball.(这个男孩踢了球。
)- She wrote a letter.(她写了一封信。
)- He paints a picture.(他正在画一幅画。
)2. 被动语态被动语态是指主语是动作的接受者或承受者,它强调动作对主体的影响或是由外界施加给主体。
在被动语态中,动词通常由 "be" 加以变化,并在后面加上动作的执行者。
举例:- The ball was kicked by the boy.(球被男孩踢了。
)- A letter was written by her.(一封信被她写了。
)- The picture is being painted by him.(这幅画正在被他画。
)被动语态多用于强调动作的接受者或者主体的无法执行动作的情况。
二、动词的时态1. 现在时现在时态用于表示目前正在进行或经常发生的动作、状态或事件。
举例:- I go to school every day.(我每天去学校。
)- She is reading a book now.(她现在在读一本书。
)- They often play football on weekends.(他们经常在周末踢足球。
)2. 过去时过去时态用于表示已经发生或已经结束的动作、状态或事件。
举例:- I went to the park yesterday.(我昨天去了公园。
)- He studied in the library for three hours.(他在图书馆学习了三个小时。
动词的时态和语态

动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态是语法学中非常重要的概念,在日常的英语交流中,准确使用时态和语态能够明确表达发生的时间、主语的态度以及动作的进行方式。
本文将就动词的时态和语态展开探讨。
一、动词的时态动词的时态主要有以下几种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性或普遍的真理。
形式上,一般现在时动词的用法相对简单,一般只需将动词原形加s或es。
例:She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。
)2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常见的一般过去时动词形式是在动词的原形后加-ed或者改变拼写。
例:He studied at Harvard University.(他在哈佛大学学习。
)3. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般将来时的语态形式是由“will/shall + 动词原形”构成。
例:I will go to the park tomorrow.(明天我将去公园。
)4. 现在进行时现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。
现在进行时的时态形式是由“be 动词(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”构成。
例:They are playing basketball now.(他们现在正在打篮球。
)5. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
过去进行时的时态形式是由“was/were + 动词-ing形式”构成。
例:He was studying at the library yesterday.(昨天他在图书馆学习。
)6. 将来进行时将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
将来进行时的时态形式是由“will be + 动词-ing形式”构成。
例:They will be traveling to Europe next month.(他们下个月将要去欧洲旅行。
动词的时态与语态变化

动词的时态与语态变化动词是语言中的重要组成部分,通过时态与语态的变化,我们可以清晰地表达出事件发生的时间和态度。
时态指的是动作或状态发生的时间,分为过去、现在和将来三个时态。
而语态则表示动作的主体与客体之间的关系,主要分为主动语态和被动语态。
在语言表达中,正确运用动词的时态和语态变化是非常重要的,下面将从几个方面详细介绍动词的时态与语态变化。
一、动词的时态变化1. 过去时态(Past Tense)过去时态用于表示已经发生或已经完成的动作或状态。
动词的过去时态一般由动词原形后加上-ed结尾来构成,例如:- I walked to school yesterday.(昨天我走路去学校。
)- She cooked dinner for her family last night.(她昨晚为家人做饭。
)2. 现在时态(Present Tense)现在时态用于表示正在发生或经常性发生的动作或状态。
动词的现在时态一般由动词原形来表示,例如:- They play tennis every Sunday.(他们每个星期天打网球。
)- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)3. 将来时态(Future Tense)将来时态用于表示将要发生的动作或状态。
动词的将来时态一般由助动词will或shall加上动词原形构成,例如:- We will go on a trip next week.(下周我们将去旅行。
)- She shall study hard for the exam.(她将为考试努力学习。
)二、动词的语态变化1. 主动语态(Active Voice)主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者或实施者。
在主动语态中,主语在句子中承担着主要的语法成分,动词根据主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
例如:- They built a new house.(他们建了一座新房子。
)- She writes articles for a magazine.(她为一家杂志写文章。
动词的时态和语态

【翻译句子】 (7) He told me he read an interesting novel last night. 他告诉我他昨晚看了一本有趣的小说。 【结论2】如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语,尽 管从句中的动作先于主句发生,但从句中的谓语动 词仍用过去式。 【结论3】表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下 词语连接,用一般过去时。常见连词有:but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。 如 : He rushed into the room and sat down immediately.
【疑难2】 We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. 【疑难剖析2】hardly / scarcely…when (before);no sooner…than表示“一……就……”。
3. 一般将来时 【翻译句子】 (8)我们下周将会讨论这个话题。 We will talk about this topic next week. 【结论1】表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词(常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, next week等)。
【翻译句子】 (9) The bus is coming. 公共汽车就要到了。 【结论2】表示一种趋向或习惯动作。表示趋向行 为的动词,如come,go,start,begin,leave等词, 常用进行时的形式表示将来时。
【疑难2】The room remains clean. You are allowed to speak here. 【疑难剖析2】下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时: a. 表示心理状态、情感的动词:like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。 b. 表存在的状态的动词:appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to, depend on。 c. 表示瞬间动作的动词:allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。 d. 表示感官的动词:see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。
初中动词的时态与语态

初中动词的时态与语态动词是语言中最基本的词类之一,它用来表达动作、状态和行为。
在英语中,动词的时态和语态是非常重要的语法概念。
掌握动词的时态和语态对于我们正确使用动词、准确表达意思至关重要。
本文将对初中动词的时态和语态进行详细介绍。
一、动词的时态时态是指动词所表示动作、状态或者事实发生的时间。
英语中常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等多种时态。
1. 一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)一般现在时表示经常性或者客观事实,常用来表达日常的习惯、科学事实、真理等等。
它的基本构成为主语 + 动词原形。
例如:- They play basketball every Sunday.(他们每周日打篮球。
)- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.(水在100摄氏度沸腾。
)2. 一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者状态,常用于叙述过去的经历或者事件。
它的基本构成为主语 + 动词过去式。
例如:- I visited my grandparents last weekend.(我上个周末去看望了我的祖父母。
)- She didn't go to school yesterday.(她昨天没有去上学。
)3. 一般将来时(Simple Future Tense)一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或者状态,常用于表达计划、打算、预测等等。
它的基本构成为主语 + will + 动词原形。
例如:- We will have a party next Friday.(我们下周五要举办一个聚会。
)- She won't come to the meeting tomorrow.(她明天不会来参加会议。
)4. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)现在进行时表示正在进行的动作,通常用于描述当前正在发生的事情。
初中英语动词的时态和被动语态(共14张PPT)

延续性动词 be on be at/in+地点 be at/in+地点 be in/a member of be on have know keep
have a cold
have been to—have gone to
曾经去过(主语人在) 已经去了(主语人不在)
--I can’t find you these days.Where have you been?
be over be up be back be away (from) be here /there
非延续性动词 put on come/go to arrive/reach/get to join begin/start buy get to know borrow / lend
catch a cold
定义 表示过去某时间或某动作以前发生的动作。
结构 关健字
S+had+V过去分词
IwSr+heheaanlidzIner’det+aIVchh过ae去dd分let词hftemcoyupHnutar.sde+Sa+t Vh过om去分e词
by the time I came back,by the end of last term, when I got to the station,before he went to bed
表示过去某时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作。
was
1.SW+hawtawsna’st /hwe edroein’gt dwohinegn the UFO arrived?
结构 S+ weredoing 2W. Tahse/yWweerree+hSav+idnoginfugn…th?ese days.
动词的时态和被动语态

第七讲动词的时态和被动语态一、动词的时态概述时态(tense)是一种语法范畴,是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。
动词的“时”是指动词所指的动作发生的时间区别,它与日常生活中人们的“时间”观念既有联系,又不完全等同。
动词的“态”是指动词所指动作或过程所处的状态。
时间有四个主要部分,即:现在、过去、将来。
动作方面也有四种,即一般、完成、进行和完成进行。
将这些“时”和“态”的形式组合在一起,就构成了以下十六种英语时诚,以动词do 为例列表如下:在实际应用中,最为常用的时态有五种:一般现在时、现在进行时,现在完成时、一般过去时和一般将来时。
其次较为常用的时态还有过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时和现在完成进行时等。
二、十种常用时态的基本用法1. 一般现在时一般现在时(the present tense)指未与进行体或完成体等相结合的现在时动词形式。
其动词的现在时与原形同形。
当主语为第三人称单数时,须在词尾加-s或-es。
具体变化规则是:1)大多数动词之后直接加-s。
如:laugh → laughs work → works drop → drops (-s在清辅音后读[s])gather → gathers play → plays dream → dreams(-s在浊辅音和元音后读[z])let → lets stand→stands (-s在t后与之一起读[ts], 在-d后与之一起读[dz])2) 以字母o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词,后面加-es。
如:do → does miss → misses mix→ mixes touch → toucheswash → washes catch → catches (-es在o后读[z],其余的读[iz])3)在辅音字母+y结尾的单词后,去y再加-ies。
如dry → dries try → tries beautify → beautifies (-es读[z])4) 动词have 的第三人称单数为has。
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2015年中考英语单项选择题汇编(动词时态)7.I _____ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. (2015杭州)A.will beB.wasC.have beenD.would be参考答案:C5.-Ben and Sue aren’t home, are they?-No. They _____ to London on business. (2015江西)A. have goneB. goC. have beenD. will go参考答案:A18.-Why did the car hit the boy?-Because the driver _____ on the phone at that time. (2015天津)A. talkB. is talkingC. was talkingD. have talked参考答案:C14.-Where is Linda? I can’t find her anywhere.-She _____ the flowers in the garden. (2015三亚)A. watersB. wateredC. is watering参考答案:C6.Miss Brown, we _____ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?(2015广州)A.finishB.finishingC.are finishedD.have finished参考答案:D10.-I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.-Oh, sorry. I _____ with my cousin in the supermarket. (2015克拉玛依)A. shoppingB. was shoppingD. will shop参考答案:B12.-When _____ you _____ here?-Two days ago. (2015天津)A. did; comeB. have; comeC. will; comeD. do; come参考答案:A4.-Where is Joan?-She _____ a novel in her study. (2015苏州)A. has readB. readsC. will readD. is reading参考答案:D7.— Miss Lin _____ my desk-mate with her lessons when I left school.—She is really a nice teacher.(2015福州)A.helpsB.is helpingC.was helping参考答案:C3.-Shall we go out for a walk. Bill?-I’m afraid not. It _____ outside now. (2015三亚)A. was rainingB. rainedC. is raining参考答案:C10.So far, the AIIB(亚投行)_____ 57 countries to be the founding members.(2015福州)A.attractedB.has attractedC.will attract参考答案:B4.-Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight?-No, I _____ it last week. (2015长沙)A.seeC.saw参考答案:C9.-Do you have any plans for tonight?-Yes ,I _____ at the new Italian restaurant in town. (2015江西)A. eatB. have eatenC. ateD. am going to eat参考答案:D7.-I called you last night , but you didn’t answer.-Sorry, Grace. I _____ I am A Singer when the phone rang. (2015长沙)A.am watchingB.was watchingC.have watched参考答案:B9.Premier Zhou Enlai _____ for many years, he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people. (2015安顺)A.diedB.was diedC.has been diedD.has been dead参考答案:D10.Mary with her parents often _____ for a walk in the park after supper. (2015安顺)A.goB.is goingC.are goingD.goes参考答案:D11.We _____ some robots at home in the future, and there _____ some in the office, too. (2015安顺)A.will have; will haveB.have; will beC.will have; will beD.will have; are参考答案:C7.-Cathy, can you answer the door? I _____ the room.-I’m coming, mum. (2015安徽)A.cleanB.cleanedC.have cleanedD.am cleaning参考答案:D6.-Our classmates went to a concert yesterday afternoon.-What a pity! I _____ my homework. (2015泰安)A.had doneB.was doingC.am doingD.would do参考答案:B5.Stop smoking, Joe! You _____ yourself if you keep on doing it like that! (2015重庆A/C 卷)A.will killB.have killedC.killD.killed参考答案:A6.-I _____ to the cinema yesterday.-It’s a pity. You didn’t invite me. (2015娄底)A.goB.wentC.have gone参考答案:B8.-Have you watched the new movie Jurassic world, Steven?-Not yet. I _____ it with my cousin this evening. (2015温州)A. will watchB. was watchingC. watchedD. have watched参考答案:A9.Too many people were absent. The chairperson warned that he _____ the meeting if necessary. (2015无锡)A. would cancelB. cancelledC. would startD. started参考答案:A13.Mother often tells me, “I hope you _____ what I _____ you to do at school!” (2015武威)A.won’t forget; have toldB.don’t forget; will tellC.didn’t forget; tellD.haven’t forgotten; am telling参考答案:A4.-Hey, Jenn y. Let’s go home together.-Just a moment. I _____ an e-mail. (2015武威)A.sendB.sentC.am sendingD.have sent参考答案:C13.-Lucy, what were you doing at nine last night?-I _____ the piano. I usually practice the piano at that time. (2015襄阳)A.playB.playedC.was playingD.am playing参考答案:C4.Over fifty countries _____ the AIIB(亚投行) so far.A.joinedB.was joiningC.had joinedD.have joined参考答案:D13.-What were you doing at 8:00 last Sunday?-I _____ rubbish with my classmates by Zijiang River. (2015益阳)A.picked upB.am picking upC.was picking up参考答案:C7.-Why didn’t you buy any bread?-Sorry, I _____. (2015重庆A/C卷)A.forgetB.forgotC.rememberD.remembered参考答案:B4.Please wait. She _____ to you in a few minutes. (2015重庆B卷)A.talkB.talkedC.have talkedD.will talk参考答案:D17.-When shall we begin our meeting?-We’ll begin it when Helen _____.(2015重庆B卷)esB.cameC.will comee参考答案:A3.Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she _____ at the party.A.dancesB.was dancingC.has dancedD.is dancing参考答案:B2015年中考英语单项选择题汇编(被动语态)8.Many houses _____ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.(2015广州)A.damagedB.were damagedC.were damagingD.are damaged参考答案:B9.—Don’t smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places.—Oh, sorry. I’ll stop right now.(2015福州)A.isn’t allowedB.aren’t allowedC.doesn’t allow参考答案:A5.-Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday?-I’m not sure. Because I _____ so far. (2015泰安)A.have invitedB.wasn’t invitedC.have been invitedD.will be invited参考答案:C10.You can’t wear shoes inside this place. It _____.(2015江西)A. doesn’t allowB. isn’t allowedC. hasn’t allowedD. wasn’t allowed参考答案:B13.UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会)was _____ in 1946. It works to help children live a better life. (2015三亚)A. picked upB. putC. set up参考答案:C7.The novel _____ by many people today. (2015天津)A. is readB. are readC. readsD. were read参考答案:A12.-Did Jack come to our party yesterday?-No, he _____.(2015克拉玛依)A. didn’t inviteB. wasn’t invitedC. isn’t invitedD. hasn’t invited参考答案:B4.-Who’s the baby in the photo?-It’s me. The photo _____ ten tears ago. (2015三亚)A. tookB. was takenC. was taking参考答案:B4.Some students in this school _____ abroad as exchange students every year. (2015自贡)A.sentB.sendC.are sent参考答案:C7.-Claudia, are you going to Mike’s birthday party on Sunday?-Unless I _____.(2015益阳)A.am invitedB.invitedC.was inviting参考答案:A17.-How clean your car is!-Thank you. It _____ very often. (2015重庆A/C卷)A.is washedB.washesC.was washedD.washed参考答案:A10.Our new library _____ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it. (2015重庆B卷)A.buildsB.builtC.is builtD.was built参考答案:D4.A new school _____ last year in my hometown.A.set upB.sets upC.is set upD.was set up参考答案:D。