宏观经济学期末考试题目附答案分解
宏观经济学期末考试试卷3(附答案).doc
一、选择题（本题包含30小题，每题？分，共？分）1. Real GDPa. evaluates current production at current prices.b ・ evaluates current production at the prices that prevailed in some specific year inthe past ・c. is not a valid measure of the economy's performance, since prices change fromyear to year ・d. is a measure of the value of goods only, hence, it excludes the value of services ・2. The steps involved in calculating the consumer price index include, in order:a. choose a base year, fix the basket, compute the inflation rate, compute the basket'scost, and compute the index ・b ・ choose a base year, find the prices, fix the basket, compute the basket's cost, andcompute the index ・c. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the basket's cost, choose a base year andcompute the index ・d. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the inflation rate, choose a base year andcompute the index ・3. Suppose the price of a quart of milk rises from $1 to $1.25 and the price of a T-shirt risesfrom $8 to $ 10. If the CPI rises from 150 to 175 people will likely buya. more milk and more T-shirts ・b ・ more milk and fewer T-shirts ・c. less milk and more T-shirts ・d. less milk and fewer T-shirts.4・ Which of the following is correct?a. Countries with the highest growth rates over the last 100 years are the ones thathad the highest level of real GDP 100 years ago.b ・ Most countries have had little fluctuation around their average growth rates duringthe past 100 years ・分） ［请单击此处编辑题目］（每小题 分，共c.The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over time.d.Over the last 100 years, Japan had the highest real GDP growth rate, and now has the highest real GDPper person.5• Using the production function and notation in the text, K/L measuresa.natural resources per worker・b・ human capital per worker.c.output per worker・d.physical capital per worker.6・ Index fundsa.typically have about the same rate of return as more actively managed funds.b.typically have lower rates of return than more actively managed funds.c.contain the stocks and bonds from a single Standard Index Classification of industry・d.typically have higher rates of return than more actively managed funds.7- In a closed economy, national saving equalsa.investment.b.income minus the sum of consumption and govemment expenditures.c.private saving plus public saving・d.All of the above are correct・8・ At which interest rate is the present value of $162.24 two years from today equal to $150 today?a. 4 percentb・ 5 percentc. 6 percentd・ None of the above are correct to the nearest penny.9・ Which of the following is incorrect?a.Frictional unemployment is inevitable in a dynamic economy.b.Although the unemployment created by sectoral shifts is unfortunate, in the long run such changes leadto higher productiv让y and higher living standards-c.At least 10 percent of U.S. manufacturing jobs are destroyed every year.d.In a typical month more than 5 percent of workers leave their jobs.10. Use the balance sheet for the following question.Last Bank of Cedar BendAssets LiabilitiesReserves $25,000 Deposits $150,000Loans $125,000If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, this banka. is in a position to make a new loan of $15,000・b・ has less reserves than required・c.has excess reserves of less than $15,000.d.None of the above are correct.11 • Which of the following lists ranks the Fed's monetary policy tools from most to leastfrequently used?a.discount rate changes, reserve requirement changes, open market transactionsb.:reserve requirement changes, open market transactions, discount rate changesc.open market transactions, discount rate changes, reserve requirement changesd.None of the above lists ranks the tools correctly.12. A decrease in the money supply creates an excessa. supply of money that is eliminated by rising prices・b・ supply of money that is eliminated by falling prices.c.demand for money that is eliminated by rising prices.d.demand for money that is eliminated by falling prices・13- Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which case would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?a. Inflation is 4 percent; the taxrate i s 25 percent.b・ Inflation is 3 percent; the taxrateis 20 percent.c.Inflation is 2 percent; the taxrateis 15 percent.d.Tlie after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the above.14- In recent years, U.S. net capital outflow wasa. positive and net exports were negative・b・ positive and net exports were positive・c.negative and net exports were negative.d.negative and net exports were positive・15.If a country has business opportun让ies that are relatively attractive to other countries, we would expect it tohavea. both positive net exports and positive net capital outflow・b・ both negative net exports and negative net capital outflow・c.positive net exports and negative net capital outflow.d.negative net exports and pos让ive net capital outflow・16.On behalf of your firm, you make frequent trips to Hong Kong. You notice that you always have to pay moredollars to get enough local currency to get your hair styled than you have to pay to get your hair styled in the United States. This isa. inconsistent with purchasing-power parity, but might be explained by limited opportunities for arbitragein hairstyling across international borders・b・ consistent w让h purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising more rapidly than prices in the United States.c. consistent w让h purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising less rapidly than prices in theUnited States.d・ None of the above is correct.17- Ceteris paribus, if the Canadian real interest rate were to increase, Canadian net capital outflowa. and net cap让al outflow of other countries would rise.b・ and net capital outflow of other countries would fall.c.would rise, while net capital outflow of other countries would fall.d.would fall, while net capital outflow of other countries would rise・18・ If a government increases its budget deficit, then the real exchange ratea. and domestic investment rise.b・ and domestic investment fall.c.rises and domestic investment falls.d.falls and domestic investment rises.19.Which of the following is the correct way to show the effects of a new import quota?a. shift the demand for loanable funds right, the supply of dollars for foreign exchange right, and thedemand for dollars leftb・ shift the demand for loanable funds right, and the supply of dollars for foreign exchange leftc.shift the demand for dollars for foreign exchange leftd.None of the above is correct.20. A large and sudden movement of funds out of a country is calleda. arbitrage・b・ capital flight.c.crowding out.d.capital mobility・21• Aggregate demand shifts right when the governmenta.raises personal income taxes・b.increases the money supply.c.repeals an investment tax cred让.d.All of the above are correct.22• If people want to save more for retirementa.or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts right.b.or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts left.c.aggregate demand shifts right If the government raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts left・d.aggregate demand shifts left. If the governnient raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts right.23• n the mid-1970s the price of oil rose dramatically. Thisa. shifted aggregate supply left.b・ caused U.S. prices to fall.c.was the consequence of OPEC increasing oil production.d.All of the above are correct.24- Liquidity refers toa. the relation between the price and interest rate of an asset.b・ the risk of an asset relative to its selling price.c.the ease w让h which an asset is converted into a medium of exchange・d.the sensitivity of investment spending to changes in the interest rate.25• When the interest rate incr eases, the opportunity cost of holding moneya.increases’ so the quantity of money demanded increases・b.increases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases・c.decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases・d.decreases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.26.Which of the following properly describes the interest rate effect?a. As the money supply increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.b・ As the money supply increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.c.As the price level increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises・d.As the price level increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls・27.An increase in government spending initially and primarily shiftsa. aggregate demand rightb・ aggregate demand leftc.aggregate supply right.d.neither aggregate demand nor aggregate supply.28 • The reduction in demand that results when a fiscal expansion raises the interest rate is called thea.multiplier effect.b.crowding-out effect.c.accelerator effect.d.Riccardian equivalence effect.29.One determinant of the natural rate of unemployment is thea. rate of growth of the money supply.b・ minimum wage rate.c.expected inflation rate.d.All of the above are correct・30.An increase in the expected rate of inflation shiftsa. only the short-run Phillips curve right.b・ only the short-run Phillips curve leftc.both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the right.d.both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the left.二、判断题（本题包含20小题，每题？分，共？分）31.If nominal GDP is 10,000 and real GDP is 8,000 the GDP deflator is 125.32.International data on the history of real GDP growth rates shows that the rich countries33 • One of the reasons that African countries may have grown slower than other countries is thatmany have high barriers to trade.34. When the U.S. government is in debt, it follows that they have a deficit・35 • The future value of $1 saved today is $1/(1 + r)・36.The market for insurance is one example of reducing risk by using diversification・37.Someone who is without work but is not looking for work would be counted asunemployed by the BLS・38.Union workers earn about 10 percent to 20 percent more than similar workers who donot belong to unions.39.Because of the multiple tools at its disposal, the Fed is precise in its control of the moneysuppl y.40.Inflation distorts savings because people pay taxes on their noininal rather than their realinterest income.41.In an open economy, U・S・ national savings can be less than U・S・ investment42.If the real interest rate were above the equilibrium rate, there would be a shortage ofloanable funds・43 • Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specificfirms and industries.44. When output rises, unemployment falls.45 • The explanations for the slopes of the aggreg ate demand and aggregate supply curves are the same as the explanations for the slope of demand and supply curves for specific goods andservices・46. A decrease in the price level makes consumers feel wealthier, so they purchase more. This logic helps explainwhy the aggregate demand curve slopes downward・47.In liquidity preference theory, an increase in the interest rate decreases the quantity of money demanded, butdoes not shift the money demand curve.48.In principle the government could increase the money supply or government expenditures to try to offset theeffects of a wave of pessimism about the future of the economy.49.In the long run, the natural rate of unemployment depends primarily on the growth rate of the money supply.50. A policy change that reduced the natural rate of unemployment would shift both the long-runaggregate-supply curve and the long-run Phillips curve left.三、名词解释（本题包含5小题，每题？分，共？分）51- human capital:52.exports:53.trade policy:54• aggregate-demand curve:55• crowding-out effect:四、简答题（本题包含8小题，每题？分，共？分）56.Why is productivity related to the standard of living? In your answer be sure to explain what productivityand standard of living mean・ Make a list of things tliat determine labor productivity.57.Draw and label a graph showing equilibrium in the market for loanable funds・58.Founders of the Federal Reserve were concerned that the Fed might form policy favorable to one part of thecountiy or to a particular party. What are some ways that the organization of the Fed reflects such concerns?59.Suppose that monetary neutrality holds. Of the following variables, which ones do not change when themoney supply increases?a. real interest ratesb・ inflationc.the price leveld.real outpute.real wagesf.nominal wages60.The long-run trend in real GDP is upward. How is this possible given business cycles?What explains the upward trend?61.Discuss what economists believe is different about the long and short run.62.Suppose that consumers become pessimistic about the future health of the economy, andso cut back on their consumption spending. What will happen to aggregate demandand to output? What might the president and Congress have to do to keep output stable?63 • Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?参考答案I・b2.c3.d4・c5・d 6・d7.d&a 9・d lO.c llx 12.d 13.a 14.c 15.b 16.a 17.d 18.c 19.d 2O.b 21・b 22・b 23.a 24.c 25.b 26.d 27,a 2&b 29.b 3O.a3l.T 32. F 33.T 34.F 35.F 36.T 37.F 38.T 39.F 40.T 4l.T 42.F 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.F 50.F51.the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.52.goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad・53.a government policy that directly influences the quantity of goods and services that a country imports or exports・54.a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that households, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level.55.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending・56.The standard of living is a measure of how well people live. Income per person is animportant dimension of the standard of living and is positively correlated w让h other tilings such as nutrition and life expectancy that make people better off. Productiv让y measures how much people can produce in an hour. As productivity increases, people can produce more (and use less to produce the same amount) and so their standard of living increases・The factors that determine labor productivity include the amounts of physical capital (equipment and structures), human capital (knowledge and skills), and natural resources available to workers, as well as the state of technological knowledge insociet y.57.Market for Loanable FundsMarket for Loanble Funds58. 1. The president appoints the Board of Governors, but the Senate must approve them.2.The seven members of the Board of Governors serve 14-year terms, so 让isunlikely that a single president will have appointed most of them.3.The Federal Reserve has 12 regional banks.4.The presidents of the regional banks serve on the FOMC on a rotating basis.59. a. real interest ratesd. real outputd・ real wages60.There are occasional short-lived periods of negative real GDP growth・ However, in most years real GDP increases・ The years of increase are more frequent and the increases large enougli that over long periods of time real GDP increases despite the occasional declines. The long-run upward trend in real GDP is due to increases in the labor force and capital stock, and advances in technological knowledge・61.Most economists believe that in the long run, real variables are not affected by nominal variables. So, forexample, changes in the money supply do not change real variables in the long run・ However, most economists believe that nominal variables to do change real variables in the short run.62.As consumers become pessimistic about the future of the economy, they cut their expenditures so thataggregate demand shifts left and output falls. Tlie president and Congress could adjust fiscal policy to increase aggregate demand・ They could e让her increase government spending, or cut taxes, or both・63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy・ By the time the president andCongress can agree to and pass legislation changing expend让UTCS or taxes, the recession may have ended・ The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but 让may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy-。
宏观经济学考试试题(附答案)
宏观经济学考试试题（附答案）1．假设某国某年有下列国民收入统计资料单位：亿美元请计算：资本消耗补偿356.4 (1)国民收入；雇员酬金1866.3 (2)国内生产净值；企业支付的利息264.9(3)国内生产总值；间接税266.3个人租金收入34.1公司利润164.8(4)个人收入；非公司企业主收入120.3红利66.4(5)个人可支配收入；社会保险税253.0(6)个人储蓄。
个人所得税402.1解：(1)国民收入=雇员酬金+企业支付的利息+个人租金消费者支付的利息64.4收入+公司利润+非公司企业主收入政府支付的利息105.1=1866.3+264.9+34.1+164.8+120.3政府转移支付347.5=2450.4(亿美元)个人消费支出1991.9(2)国内生产净值=国民收入+间接税=2450.4+266.3=2716.7(亿美元)(3)国内生产总值=国民生产净值+资本消耗补偿=2716.7+356.4=3073.1(亿美元)(4)个人收入=国民收入-(公司利润+社会保险税)+政府支付的利息+政府的转移支付+红利=2450.4-(164.8+253.0)+347.5+105.1+66.4=2551.7(亿美元)(5)个人可支配收入=个人收入-个人所得税=2551.7-402.1=2149.6(亿美元)(6)个人储蓄=个人可支配收入-消费者支付的利息-个人消费支出=2149.6-64.4-1991.9=93.3（亿美元）2、某经济社会在某时期发生了以下活动：一银矿公司支付7.5万美元工资给矿工，矿工开采了50万磅银卖给一银器制造商，售价10万美元；银器制造商支付5万美元工资给工人造一批项链卖给消费者，售价40万美元。
（1）用最终产品法计算GDP；（2）用增值法计算GDP；（3）在生产活动中赚得的工资、利润供给分别为多少？用收入法计算GDP。
解：（1）项链为最终产品，价值40万美元。
（2）开矿阶段生产10万美元，银器制造阶段生产30万美元，即40万美元－10万美元=30万美元，两个阶段共增值40万美元。
宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案
宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。
A. 个别经济单位的经济行为B. 总体经济现象C. 政府的经济行为D. 企业的生产行为答案：B2. 总需求曲线向下倾斜的主要原因是（）。
A. 价格水平上升B. 价格水平下降C. 收入效应D. 替代效应答案：C3. 货币政策的实施机构是（）。
A. 财政部B. 国家统计局C. 中央银行D. 证监会答案：C4. 经济衰退时，政府应该采取的财政政策是（）。
A. 增加税收B. 减少支出C. 减少税收D. 增加支出5. 货币供应量增加，利率下降，这表明（）。
A. 货币需求减少B. 货币需求增加C. 货币供给增加D. 货币供给减少答案：C6. 通货膨胀率上升，货币的实际购买力会（）。
A. 增加B. 减少C. 不变D. 不确定答案：B7. 经济中存在失业，政府应该采取的措施是（）。
A. 减少公共支出B. 增加公共支出C. 增加税收D. 减少税收答案：B8. 经济增长通常与以下哪个因素有关（）。
A. 资本积累B. 人口增长C. 技术进步D. 所有以上答案：D9. 长期总供给曲线是（）。
B. 向上倾斜的C. 向下倾斜的D. 向右倾斜的答案：A10. 经济周期中，经济从衰退到复苏的阶段被称为（）。
A. 复苏期B. 繁荣期C. 衰退期D. 萧条期答案：A二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。
答案：凯恩斯主义经济学认为，在短期内，总需求的变化是影响经济波动的主要因素。
政府可以通过财政政策和货币政策来调节总需求，从而实现充分就业和稳定物价。
2. 解释什么是菲利普斯曲线，并说明其在现代宏观经济学中的意义。
答案：菲利普斯曲线描述了失业率与通货膨胀率之间的负相关关系。
在短期内，较低的失业率往往伴随着较高的通货膨胀率。
然而，在长期内，这种关系可能并不稳定，因为通货膨胀预期会改变人们的行为。
3. 描述货币政策的三大工具，并简要说明它们是如何影响经济的。
宏观期末试题及答案
宏观期末试题及答案宏观经济学期末试题及答案一、选择题1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。
A. 个体经济行为B. 产业内部关系C. 市场行为D. 全球经济关系答案：D2. 下列哪种货币供应渠道不属于央行的操作渠道？A. 存款准备金政策B. 开放市场操作C. 货币市场操作D. 贴现贷款操作答案：C3. 当一个国家的货币供应量增加时，该国家的物价水平通常会（）。
A. 上升B. 下降C. 保持不变D. 波动答案：A4. 经济增长率的计算公式是（）。
A. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt-1 × 100%B. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt-1 × 100%C. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt × 100%D. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt × 100%答案：A5. 下列哪种货币政策工具可以用于调控通货膨胀？A. 货币供应量B. 货币利率C. 外汇储备D. 货币市场利率答案：B二、简答题1. 请解释货币的三个职能。
货币的三个职能分别是价值尺度、流通手段和储藏手段。
首先，货币作为价值尺度，可以衡量和比较各种商品和服务的价值。
其次，货币作为流通手段，可以在市场上作为交换媒介，方便商品和服务的买卖交易。
最后，货币作为储藏手段，人们可以将其储存起来，以备将来使用。
2. 请解释通货膨胀对经济的影响。
通货膨胀对经济的影响有以下几方面：首先，通货膨胀会降低货币的购买力，导致物价上涨，减少人们的消费能力和生活水平。
其次，通货膨胀会扭曲资源配置，由于价格上涨，生产成本增加，导致企业投资意愿下降，影响经济的正常运行。
此外，通货膨胀还会引发收入分配的不平等，对固定收入者和储蓄者造成损失，而对资产持有者带来收益。
最后，通货膨胀会削弱国家货币的国际竞争力，影响国际贸易和债务偿还。
三、论述题中国经济的供给侧结构性改革供给侧结构性改革是指通过改善生产力和供给效率，推动经济结构转型升级的一种改革方式。
《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案（参考）
《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案（参考）一、单项选择第十二章国民收入核算1．下列关于GDP说法正确的是（③）①一年内一个国家范围内的所有交易的市场价值②一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值③一年内一个国家范围内生产的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值④一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有商品和劳务的市场价值2．某人收入为1000元，个人所得税200元，政府补助150元，则个人可支配收入为（②）① 1350元② 950元③ 650元④ 1050元3．下列将计入当年GDP的一项是（③）①某人花10万元购买一辆二手汽车②面包厂购买的面粉③某企业当年生产没有卖掉的20万元产品④家庭妇女在家从事家务劳动4．如果一个社会体系的消费支出为9亿元，投资支出为1.2亿元，间接税为1亿元，政府用于商品和劳务的支出为2.5亿元，出口额为 3亿元，进口额为1.8亿元，则下列正确的是（①）① GDP为13.9亿元② GDP为12.9亿元③ NDP为13.9亿元④ NDP为12.9亿元5.一国的GNP小于GDP，说明该国公民从国外取得的产值（ B ）外国公民从该国取得的产值。
A、大于B、小于C、等于D、可能大于也可能小于6.今年名义GDP大于去年的名义GDP，说明（ D ）A、今年的物价水平一定比去年高了B、今年生产的物品和劳务总量一定比去年增加了C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。
7．在一般情况下，国民收入核算体系中，数值最小的是（ C ）A、国民生产净值；B、个人收入；C、个人可支配收入；D、国民收入8、一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数值被称为（ B ）A、国民生产净值；B、实际国内生产总值；C、名义国内生产总值；D、潜在国内生产总值9、在统计中，社会保险税增加对( D )项有影响。
A、国内生产总值(GＤＰ)；B、国内生产净值(ＮＤＰ)；C、国民收入(NＩ)；D、个人收入(PＩ)。
宏观经济学期末考试试题(含答案)
《宏观经济学》期末考试试题一、判断题（对的写“T”，错的写“F”；每小题1分，共10分）1.人均真实GDP是平均经济福利（生活水平）的主要衡量指标。
2.1963年美国的最低工资水平是每小时1.25美元，而2013年则为7.25美元，因而，在美国拿最低工资的人的生活水平大大提高了。
3.大多数失业是短期的，然而，大多数所观察到的失业是长期的。
4.通货膨胀并没有降低大多数工人的购买力。
5.家庭决定把大部分收入储蓄起来会使总供给曲线向左移动。
6.某人出售一幅旧油画所得到的收入应该计入当年的国内生产总值。
7.无论什么人，只要没有找到工作就是失业。
8.短期总供给不变时，总需求的变动会引起均衡的国内生产总值同方向变动，物价水平反方向变动。
9.扩张性货币政策的实行可以增加货币供给量，从而使利率水平提高。
10.总需求不足时，政府可以提高转移支付水平，以增加社会总需求。
二、简答题（每小题5分，共15分）1.列出并说明生产率的四个决定因素。
2.解释企业通过提高它所支付的工资增加利润的四种可能原因。
3.是什么因素可能引起总需求曲线向左移动？三、应用题（每小题5分，共20分）假设今年的货币供给是5 00亿美元，名义GDP是10万亿美元，而真实GDP是5万亿美元。
1.物价水平是多少？货币流通速度是多少？2.假设货币流通速度是不变的，而每年经济中物品与服务的产出增加5%。
如果美联储保持货币供给不变，明年的名义GDP和物价水平是多少？3.如果美联储想保持物价水平不变，它应该把明年的货币供给设定为多少？4.如果美联储想把通货膨胀率控制在10%，它应该把货币供给设定为多少？四、计算与分析说明题（每小题10分，共30分；要有计算步骤，否则扣分）b.把2015年作为基年，计算各年的真实GDP。
c.与2016年相比，2017年的名义GDP、真实GDP增长率各是多少？名义GDP增长率和真实GDP增长率孰大孰小？解释原因。
2.一个经济在产出低于其自然水平4000亿美元的水平上运行，而且财政政策制定者想弥补这种衰退性缺口。
宏观经济学期末考试试卷1(附答案)
一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1．The government reports that "GDP increased by 1.6 percent in the last quarter." This statement means that GDP increaseda. by 6.4 percent for the year.b. at an annual rate of 6.4 percent during the last quarter.c. at an annual rate of 1.6 percent during the last quarter.d. at an annual rate of .4 percent during the last quarter.2．A Brazilian company produces soccer balls in the United States and exports all of them. If the price of the soccer balls increases, the GDP deflatora. and the CPI both increase.b. is unchanged and the CPI increases.c. increases and the CPI is unchanged.d. and the CPI are unchanged.3．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase bya. more than 1 percent.b. less than 1 percent.c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.4．A nation's standard of living is measured by itsa. real GDP.b. real GDP per person.c. nominal GDP.d. nominal GDP per person.5．In 2002 President Bush imposed restrictions on imports of steel to protect the U.S.steel industry.a. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverseeffects on growth.b. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.c. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverse effects on growth.d. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.6．Generally when economists and the text talk of the "interest rate," they are talking about thea. real interest rate.b. current nominal interest rate.c. real interest rate minus the inflation rate.d. equilibrium nominal interest rate.7．An increase in the budget deficita. makes investment spending fall.b. makes investment spending rise.c. does not affect investment spending.d. may increase, decrease, or not affect investment spending.8．Norne Corporation is considering building a new plant. It will cost them $1 million today to build it and it will generate revenues of $1,121 million three years from today. Of the interest rates below, which is the highest interest rate at which Norne would still be willing to build the plant?a. 3 percentb. 3.5 percentc. 4 percentd. 4.5 percent9．Recent entrants into the labor force account for abouta. 1/2 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.b. 1/3 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.c. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.d. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force10．Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , indollars.b. You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.d. None of the above is correct.11．Current U.S. currency isa. fiat money with intrinsic value.b. fiat money with no intrinsic value.c. commodity money with intrinsic value.d. commodity money with no intrinsic value.12．Velocity in the country of Shem is always stable. In 2002, the money supply was $200 billion and the GDP price deflator was four times as high as it was in the base year. In 2003, the money supply increased to $240 billion, the price level increased by 15 percent, and nominal GDP equaled $1,200 billion. By how much did real GDP increase between 2002 and 2003?a. 20 percentb. 4.35 percentc. 2.17 percentd. There is not enough information to answer the question.13．Shoeleather costs refer toa. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation.b. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices dueto inflation.c. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high.d. the distortion in incentives created by inflation by taxes that do not adjust forinflation.14．International tradea. raises the standard of living in all trading countries.b. lowers the standard of living in all trading countries.c. leaves the standard of living unchanged.d. raises the standard of living for importing countries and lowers it for exporting countries.15．Which of the following would be U.S. foreign portfolio investment?a. Disney builds a new amusement park near Rome, Italy.b. Your economics professor buys stock in companies located in Eastern European countries.c. A Dutch hotel chain opens a new hotel in the United States.d. A citizen of Singapore buys a bond issued by a U.S. corporation.16．A Venezuelan firm purchases earth-moving equipment from a U.S. company and pays for it with domestic currency. This transactiona. increases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.b. increases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.c. decreases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.d. decreases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.17．At the equilibrium interest rate in the open economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity ofa. net capital outflow.b. domestic investment.c. net capital outflow plus domestic investment.d. foreign currency supplied.18．In an open economy,a. net capital outflow = imports.b. net capital outflow = net exports.c. net capital outflow = exports.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate is determined in the market where dollars are exchanged for foreign currency by the equality of the supply of dollars, which comes froma. U.S. national saving and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.b. U.S. net capital outflow and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.c. domestic investment and the demand for U.S. net exports.d. foreign demand for U.S. goods and U.S. demand for foreign goods.20．If a government increases its budget deficit, then interest ratesa. rise and the trade balance moves toward surplus.b. rise and the trade balance moves toward deficit.c. fall and the trade balance moves toward surplus.d. fall and the trade balance moves toward deficit.21．Investment spending decreases when the price levela. rises causing interest rates to rise.b. rises causing interest rates to fall.c. falls causing interest rates to rise.d. falls causing interest rates to fall.22．An increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP in the short run could be created bya. an increase in the money supply.b. an increase in government expenditures.c. a fall in stock prices.d. bad weather in farm states.23．Which part of real GDP fluctuates most over the course of the business cycle?a. consumptionb. government expendituresc. investmentd. net exports24．According to liquidity preference theory, the price level and interest rate area. positively related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.b. inversely related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.c. positively related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are inverselyrelated.d. inversely related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are positivelyrelated.25．Which of the following shifts aggregate demand to the right?a. an increase in the price levelb. an increase in the money supplyc. a decrease in the price leveld. a decrease in the money supply26．If the Fed conducts open-market sales, the money supplya. increases and aggregate demand shifts right.b. increases and aggregate demand shifts left.c. decreases and aggregate demand shifts right.d. decreases and aggregate demand shifts left.27．Some economists argue thata. monetary policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.b. fiscal policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.c. fiscal policy can be used to shift the AD curve.d. All of the above are correct.28．The lag problem associated with monetary policy is due mostly toa. the fact that business firms make investment plans far in advance.b. the political system of checks and balances that slows down the process of determining monetarypolicy.c. the time it takes for changes in government spending to affect the interest rate.d. All of the above are correct.29．A. W. Phillips' findings were based on dataa. from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.b. from 1861-1957 for the United States.c. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United Kingdom.d. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United States.30．Which of the following is true concerning the long-run Phillips curve?a. Its position is determined primarily by monetary factors.b. If it shifts right, long-run aggregate supply shifts right.c. It cannot be changed by any government policy.d. its position depends on the natural rate of unemployment.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．The government component of GDP includes salaries paid to Army generals but not Social Security benefits to the elderly.32．An increase in the saving rate does not permanently increases the growth rate of real GDP per person.33．In ten years when you are the owner of a major U.S. corporation, if your corporation opens and operates a branch in a foreign country you will be engaging in foreign direct investment.34．Corporations receive no proceeds from the resale of their stock.35．According to the rule of 70, if you earn an interest rate of 3.5 percent, your savings will double about every 20 years.36．The value of a stock depends on the ability of the company to generate dividends and the expected price of the stock when the stockholder sells her shares.37．A minimum wage above equilibrium creates a labor surplus.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level. 39．The use of money allows trade to be roundabout.40．The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.41．In every economy, national saving equals domestic investment plus net capitaloutflow.42．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports represent the quantity of dollars demanded in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affectspecific firms and industries.44．If speculators bid up the value of the dollar in the market for foreign-currency exchange, aggregate demand would shift to the left.45．In response to a decrease in output the economy would revert to its original level of prices and output whether the decrease in output was caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.46．John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.47．An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate supply curve right. 48．Unemployment insurance and welfare programs work as automatic stabilizers. 49．In the long run, the inflation rate depends primarily on money supply growth.50．Although monetary policy cannot reduce the natural rate of unemployment, other types of policies can. 三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect: 52．depreciation: 53．capital flight: 54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.57．Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if a government goes from a deficit to a surplus.58．Which two of the Ten Principles of Economics imply that the Fed can profoundly affect the economy?59．The U.S. Treasury Department issues inflation-indexed bonds. What areinflation-indexed bonds and why are they important?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves.62．How does a reduction in the money supply by the Fed make owning stocks less attractive?63．Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10分)64. Suppose government spends $3 billion to buy police cars. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by more than $3 billion. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by less than $3 billion.65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation:53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷A参考答案1.c2.c3.d4.b5.a6.a7.a8.b9.b 10.a 11.b 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.b 16.b 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.b 21.a 22.d 23.c 24.c 25.b 26.d 27.d 28.a 29.a 30.d31.T 32.T 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42.T 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.F 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby contries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.52.a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy.53.a large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country.54.a period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession考生答题不得过此线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶密∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶封∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶ 任课教师：教学班号：姓名：学号：∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶装∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶订∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.The difference is that Malthus predicted that population growth would be greater than growth in the ability to increase output. He believed that people would continue to populate the earth until output reached a subsistence level. On the other hand Kremer argues that population growth increased productivity allowing people to improve their standard of living despite growing population. Kremer argues that with more population comes more innovations. The improvements in technology more than offset any adverse impact of the increase in population on the standard of living.57. As shown in the graph below, the economy starts in equilibrium at point E0 with interest rate r0 and equilibrium quantity of saving and investment at q0. If the government succeeds in obtaining a surplus, there will be more public saving in the economy at each interest rate, and the supply of loanable funds curve will shift from S0 to S1. The new equilibrium will be at E1, with a lower interest rate, r1 and a higher quantity of saving and investment, q1. Hence, if the federal government succeeds in having a surplus, interest rates will fall and investment will increase.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.2. There is a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.59. Inflation-indexed bonds are bonds whose interest and principal payments are adjusted upward for inflation, guaranteeing their real purchasing power in the future.They are important because they provide a safe, inflation-proof asset for savers and they may allow the Treasury to borrow more easily at a lower current cost.60. Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62. The reduction in the money supply raises the interest rate. So the return on bonds increases relative to the return on stocks. The increase in the interest rate also causes spending to fall so that revenues and profits fall making shares of ownership in corporations less valuable.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended. The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.64. 当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时，直接投资增加警车生产企业的利润，这种增加又使该企业雇佣更多工人，并增加生的。
宏观经济学考试试题(附答案)
宏观经济学考试试题（附答案）一、名词解释：1.税收乘数2.流动性偏好3.凯恩斯主义极端4. 自动稳定器5. 奥肯定律6. 加速数二、简答题1、财政政策的内在稳定器为什么能稳定经济？2、国内生产总值与国民生产总值有何区别？3、简要回答凯恩斯学派货币政策的主要内容。
4、乘数原理与加速原理有什么区别和联系？5、通货膨胀的原因是什么？三、论述题1、按照凯恩斯学派的现代货币理论，货币供给是怎样对经济产生影响的？2、短期消费函数与长期消费函数有何区别？3、均衡国民收入是怎样变化的？四、分析题1、说明下列因素的变化使美元升值还是贬值（1）日本的利率升高；（2）德国的经济增长速度加快；（3）美国的通胀率提高；（4）美国的紧缩性货币政策；（5）美国的扩张性财政政策。
2、根据所学的知识说明决定一国储蓄率的原因，并简要说明我国储蓄率居高不下的原因。
3、怎样理解资本边际效率递减规律？4、制约财政政策发挥作用的因素有哪些？五、计算题1、假如某经济社会的的消费函数为 C = 100 + 0.8Y 投资为50单位。
试计算均衡的收入、消费和储蓄。
2、假定某经济有A、B、C三厂商，A厂商年产5000，卖给B、C和消费者，其中B买200，C买2000，其余2800卖给消费者。
B年产500，直接卖给消费者。
C年产6000，其中3000由A购买，其余由消费者购买。
（1）假定投入在生产都用光，计算价值增加（2）计算GDP为多少（3）如果C有500折旧，计算国民收入3、假定某经济中消费函数为C=0.8(1–t)Y, 税率为t=0.25, 投资函数为I=900–50r, 政府购买G=800, 货币需求为L=0.25Y–62.5r, 实际货币供给为M/P=500, 试求:(1)IS曲线(2)LM曲线(3)两个市场同时均衡时的利率和收入参考答案一、名词解释 1、流动偏好陷阱：当利率极低，人们预期利率不会再下降，或者说债券等资产价格不会再上升而只会跌落，因而会将所持有的债券等资产全部换成货币，人们持有货币所损失的利息很小，但可避免债券等资产价格下跌时的风险。
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12、假定国民生产总值是5000，个人 可支配收入是4100，政府预算赤字是 200，消费是3800，贸易赤字是100 （单位：亿美元） 试计算： （1）储蓄； （2）投资； （3）政府支出。 私人储蓄S=YD-C=4100-3800=300 投资I=S+T-G+M-X=300-200+100=200 Y=C+I+G+NX=3800+200+G100=5000 G=1100
假定货币需求为L=0.2Y,货币供给为M=200， 消费C=90+0.8Yd，税收T=50，投资I=1405r，政府支出G=50，求： （1）导出IS和LM方程，求均衡收入、利率 和投资。 （2）若其他情况不变，政府支出G增加20， 收入、利率和投资有什么变化？ （3）是否存在“挤出效应”？
下列哪一观点是不正确的？（D） A.当价格水平的上升幅度大于名义货币 供给的增长是，实际货币供给减少； B.当名义货币供给的增长大于价格水平 的上升时，实际货币供给增加； C.在其他条件不变的情况下，价格水平 上升，实际货币供给减少； D.在其他条件不变的情况下，价格水平 下降，实际货币供给减少
已知某小国在封闭条件下的消费函数为 C= 305+0.8Y，投资函数为 I=395-200r，货币的需求 函数为 L=0.4Y-100r，货币供给 m=150。 （1）定出 IS 曲线和 LM 曲线的方程； （2）计算均衡的国民收入和利息率； （3）如果此时政府购买增加 100，那么均衡国民收入会增加多少？ （4）计算（3）中的政府购买乘数； （5）写出乘数定理中的政府购买乘数公式，利用这一公式计算（3）中的乘数； （6）比较（4）和（5）的结果是否相同，请给出解释。
1、宏观经济学的中心理论是（ C ） A、价格决定理论；B、工资决定理论； C、国民收入决定理论D、汇率决定理论。 2、表示一国在一定时期内生产的所有最终 产品和劳务的市场价值的总量指标是 [ A] A、国民生产总值；B、国内生产总值； C、名义国民生产总值； D、实际国民生产 总值。
3.假定名义货币供给量不变，价格总水平 上升将导致一条向右上方倾斜的LM曲线 上的一点（D）。 A.沿原LM曲线向上方移动 B.沿原LM曲线向下方移动 C.向右移动到另一条LM曲线上 D.向左移动到另一条LM曲线上
4.C）。 A.摩擦性失业 B.结构性失业 C.自愿性失业 D.技术性失业
收入恒等式为Y＝C＋I＋G， 代入相关量得： Y＝1 800－100r (1) 式(1)即为该经济的IS曲线方程. 货币市场均衡条件为M/P＝L， 代入相关量得： 1000/P＝Y－100r， 上式化简为： 100r=Y-1000/P (2) 式(2)即为该经济的LM曲线方程。 将式(1)、式(2)联立，并消去变量r，得到 Y＝900＋500/P 上式即为该经济的总需求曲线。
15、假设一个只有家庭和企业的两部门经 济中，消费c=100+0.8y,投资i=150-6r,实际 货币供给m=150,货币需求L=0.2y-4r(单位 都是亿美元)。 （1）求IS和LM曲线； （2）求产品市场和货币市场同时均衡时 的利率和收入。
16、设某一三部门的经济中，消费函数为 C=200+0.75Y,投资函数为I=200-25r,货币 需求函数为L=Y-100r,名义货币供给是1000， 政府购买G=50,求该经济的总需求函数。
（1）如果支出乘数k=2，政府购买增加200，求两个市场再度均衡时，收入和利率各 自变化了多少。 （2）求政府购买增加后挤出了多少投
（1） 由IS曲线为 y=2000-40r，LM曲线为400=0.25y-10r，
解方程组得 y1=1800，r1=5 △yis=kg*△g=2*200=400，即IS曲线y=2000-40r向右移动 400个单位，变为 y=2400-40r ；LM曲线为400=0.25y-10r，解方程组得 y2=2000，r2=10 ∴△y= y2- y1=2000-1800=200；△r= r2- r1=10-5=5 （2） △i=（△yis-△y）/ki=（400-200）/2=100
在下述何种情况下，会产生挤出效应 （）？ A.货币供给的下降提高利率，从而挤出 了对利率敏感的私人支出； B.对私人部门税收的增加引起私人部门 可支配收入和支出的下降； C.政府支出增加使利率提高，从而挤 出了私人部门的支出； D.政府支出的下降导致消费支出的下 降。
利率和收入的组合出现在IS曲线右上方，LM 曲线的左上方的区域，则表示（C）。 A.投资小于储蓄，且货币需求小于货币供给； B.投资小于储蓄且货币供给小于货币需求； C.投资大于储蓄，且货币需求小于货币供给； D.投资大于储蓄，且货币需求大于货币供给。
1、上升的物价水平和下降的实际国民 收入是由以下（B）引起的。 A.总需求曲线在给定的短期总供给曲线 上移动 B.通货紧缩的自动调节机制 C.长期总供给曲线右移 D.短期总供给曲线沿着不变的总需求 曲线左移
2、若消费函数为C=a+by,a＞0，b＞0则 平均消费倾向（A）。 A.大于边际消费倾向 B.小于边际消费倾向 C.等于边际消费倾向 D.以上都可能
7、下列哪种情况中，增加货币供给不会 影响均衡收入(C)。 A. LM曲线陡峭，IS曲线平坦 B. LM曲线陡峭，IS曲线也陡峭 C. LM曲线平坦，IS曲线垂直 D. LM曲线和IS曲线一样平缓
8、假设已实现充分就业，且总供给曲线为 一垂直线，则减税会导致（B）。 A.实际产出水平和价格水平上升 B.价格水平上升，而实际产出不变 C.实际产出上升，而价格水平不变 D.实际产出水平和价格水平均不变
5.如果利率和收入都能按照供求状况自动 调整，那么当利率和收入的组合点处于IS 线右上方、LM线左上方时，下面情况会 发生（D）。 A.利率上升收入下降 B.利率上升收入增加 C.利率下降收入增加 D.利率下降收入减少
6.假定消费函数为C=100+0.9(1-t)Y,投资 函数为I=200-500r,净出口函数为 NX=100-0.12Y-500r,货币需求函数为 L=0.8Y-2000r，政府支出为G=200，税 率为t=0.1，名义货币供给为M=800，价 格水平固定为P=1，求产品市场和货币市 场同时均衡时的利率和国民收入水平。
2018/8/10
B
经济处于充分就业均衡时，（C）。 A.降低政府支出会使经济的通货膨胀率一 直降下去； B.在短期内降低名义货币供给的增长会降 低通货膨胀率但不会影响产量； C.在短期内降低名义货币供给的增长会降 低通货膨胀率和产量水平； D.在短期内降低政府支出会降低通货膨胀 率但不影响产量
当( B )时,财政政策具有较大的“挤出效 应” A. 投资对利率的变化敏感,货币需求对利 率的变化敏感 B. 投资对利率的变化敏感,货币需求对利 率的变化不敏感 C. 投资对利率的变化不敏感,货币需求对 利率的变化敏感 D. 投资对利率的变化不敏感,货币需求对 利率的变化不敏感
对于极端凯恩斯主义的IS—LM模型，当经 济处于萧条期时，下列说法正确的是（ A ） A.对私人投资不产生“挤出效应”；宜采 取扩张性的财政政策 B.对私人投资不产生“挤出效应”；宜采 取扩张性的货币政策 C.对私人投资产生百分百的“挤出效应” ；宜采取扩张性的财政政策 D.对私人投资产生百分百的“挤出效应” ；宜采取扩张性的货币政策
17、某一经济体在五年中，货币速度为10%， 而实际国民收入增长速度为12%，货币流通 速度不变，这五年期间价格水平将（B）。 A.上升 B.下降 C.不变 D.上下波动
根据简单国民收入决定的理论,如果由于某 种原因,经济的目前收入偏离并高于均衡收 入水平,经济会如何调整重新实现均衡?( C) A. 价格上升 B. 价格下降 C. 企业减产以减少非意愿存货 D. 企业增加雇佣工人
如果说中央银行的货币政策影响落入“流 动性陷阱”，那么就意味着（ C ） A．有价证券的价格达到历史最高 B．有价证券的价格达到历史最低 C．有价证券的价格被认为是极高 D．有价证券的价格被认为是极低
假设在货币市场上，货币需求为L=0.25y10r ，货币供给为M/P=400。在产品市场上， IS曲线为y=2000-40r 。
假设某国某年出现严重的自然灾害，使 当年所有农作物产量锐减，则会出现 （ C ） A.总需求减少，价格水平上升，国民收 入减少的“滞胀”现象 B.总需求减少，价格水平下降，国民收 入减少的经济衰退现象 C.总供给减少，价格水平上升，国民收 入减少的“滞胀”现象 D.总供给减少，价格水平下降，国民收 入减少的经济衰退现象
11、简述挤出效应及其影响因素。
财政政策挤出效应的大小取决于多种因素。在实 现了充分就业的情况下，挤出效应最大，即挤出 效应为1.也就是政府支出增加的量等于私人支出 减少的量，扩张性财政政策对经济没有任何刺激 作用。在没有实现充分就业的情况下，挤出效应 一般大于0而小于1，具体大小主要取决于政府支 出增加所引起的利率上升的大小。利率上升的多， 则挤出效应大；相反，利率上升的小，则挤出效 应小。一般而言，挤出效应取决于S曲线和LM曲 线的斜率，所以营销IS曲线，LM曲线斜率的因 素就是影响挤出效应的因素。
下面哪一项对货币创造乘数没有决定性 影响（ D ） A.法定准备金率 B.超额准备金率 C.现金—存款比率 D.市场利率
引起IS曲线向右移动的原因包括（ A．自发消费下降 B．自发投资下降 C．进口增加 D．出口增加
B）
由政府支出增加所导致的“挤出效应”来自 于（ B ） A．货币供给量的下降 B．货币需求量的提高 C．境内利率的下降 D．通货膨胀的恶化
9、某个国家在充分就业下的产出为5000 亿美元，而自然失业率为5%。假定现在的 失业率为8%，那么当奥肯系数为2时，根 据奥肯法则，该国目前的产出为（D）。 A.4500亿美元 B.4900亿美元 C.4800亿美元 D.4700亿美元
10.假定经济满足Y=C+I+G,且消费 C=800+0.63Y,投资I=7500-20000r,货币需 求L=0.625Y-10000r,名义货币供给量6000 亿元，价格水平为1，问当政府支出从 7500增加到8500亿时，政府支出的挤出 效应有多大？