2014上海杨浦区高考二模英语翻译具体解析第5句
2014年上海高考英语语法翻译作文及答案
My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, ___25___ I might have a better chance to find a good job. ___26___ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believe that ___27___ ____ ___ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already ___28___(exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that ___29___ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps ___30___ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind.I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty ___31___ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned ___32___ I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is ___33___ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine ___34___ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, ___35___ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by ___36___. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far ____37_____ (appropriate) In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains ___38___ (force) village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, ___39___ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution ___40___ these villages without a local shop.1.我习惯睡前听轻音乐(accustomed)2.将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。
2014上海高考英语二模翻译
82. Be sure not to get involved in that matter, otherwise you will invite trouble.83. The cold weather makes it difficult for most endangered animals (species) to survive here.Be sure not to get yourself involved in that matter, or you will look for trouble.84. As far as I know, predicting specific quakes ahead of time has been a goal difficult to achieve.85. Not until their graduation from high school do a majority of (most of) students come to realizethat they haven’t made the best use of time at school.86. The purpose of motivating children to read lies not in the number of books but in thecultivation of their love for reading.1.Being 18 means taking responsibility for your words and actions.Being 18 means that you should be responsible for what you have said and done.2. She appeared to be in good mood, (and acted/looked) as if nothing had happened.She seems to be in a good mood as if nothing has happened.3. Not only can sports/(taking)exercising build up my body (health)/ strengthen/improve my fitness but also help me to release my study pressure/ help me relax from the pressure/stress of study..4. We should cultivate/develop/ form the habit of reading newspapers, because it helps us (to be)informed of various/ all kinds of events happening both at home and abroad in time.5. If we regard English learning as a means/way of understanding/ knowing / being aware of a culture but not a course / subject to be tested on/an examination subject/course, (then) we may experience/ understand the learning fun in it.1. Believe it or not, it is advisable to listen to others and take their advice.2. Whether one can persevere in what he is doing is one of the important factors of his success.3. Fashionable as booking a taxi online is, many related problems remain to be settled/ solved.4. Those who are found eating, smoking or lying across the seats on the subway in Beijing can befined between 50 to 500 yuan.5. Some teenagers are so keen on online games that they sometimes prefer not to have meals, and what’s more, they usually have a bad relationship with their parents.1. Look, how tall the tree (that was) planted ten years ago is now!2. You look very tired, and/ so why don’t you/ not go home and have a good sleep?3. It is generally thought/ considered/ believed that talking loudly in public (places) is rude and should be avoided.4. Many developed countries have been taking measures/ steps/ action to attract as many Chinese tourists as possible to promote economic growth since the 21st century.5. Only by setting clear goals/ aims in life and sparing no effort/ making every effort to work on it/ and working on it with all efforts can you realize your dream of being a useful person/ make your dream of being a useful person come true.1.The end of the 20th century saw great changes in electronic / digital products.2.Only when we put our plan into practice are we likely to be successful.Only when we put our plan into practice can we possibly achieve success.3.He is trying to make a decision whether to admit / confess his mistake or conceal the truth4.It has aroused heated a discussion among education experts whether the new reform ofcollege entrance examination can reduce students’ academic burden.It has aroused a heated discussion among education experts whether the new reform of college entrance examination can relieve students of their academic burden.5.In addition to enriching students’ school life, the school charity sale has also improved theirability to organize an activity and developed their team spirit1. Their suggestion sounds as feasible as ours.2. Hardly had Mary got to the airport when she found/noticed that she had left the passport at home.3. It was their comment on our performance that showed we had already been on the right track.4. I never thought that the pianist who had once been highly praised/spoken highly of turned out to be a great disappointment to the audience.5. It is very difficult for you to gain satisfactory achievements unless you find out the method of improving the learning efficiency by yourself / on your own.I. Translation（共22分）1. Do you think it (is) necessary to take measures to preserve Shanghai dialect?(1+2+1)2. Making a careful plan in advance can help you finish the tough task more efficiently.(1+1+2)3. On behalf of the victims, he expected the society to give them more understanding and help.(1+2+1)4. In the depth of her heart always lies a suspicion that she might have been adopted by her parents eighteen years ago.(1+1+2+1)5. Although time flies, the days when he worked hard with his classmates to be admitted into their ideal universities are still his unforgettable memory.（1+2+1+1）。
2014年高考英语上海卷及答案解析
绝密★启用前2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-11页）和第Ⅱ卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I 卷（共103分）Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency. C. In a bank. D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane. C. Get some stationery. D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes. C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course. C. Help him revise his report. D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn’t plan to continue studying next year. B. She has already told the man about her plan. C. She isn’t planning to leave her university. D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech. C. It made the mayor’s view clearer. D. It earned the mayor’s speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. 70.B. 20.C. 25.D. 75. 12. A. The houses there can’t be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday. C. The cabins and facilities are shared. D. It is run by the residents themselves. 13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community. C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news. 14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease. C. Those who did no physical exercise. D. Those who were unmarried. 15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages. C. They typed 10 percent faster on average. D. They edited more passages. 16. A. Why chemical therapy works. B. Why marriage helps fight cancer. C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.-------------在--------------------此--------------------卷--------------------上--------------------答--------------------题--------------------无--------------------效----------姓名________________ 准考证号_____________Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25) ______ I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believe that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______ I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine（自动售货机）is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33) ______ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34) ______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35) ______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark areturn to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said: “I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36) ______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’ is far (37) ______ (appropriate).”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38) ______ force village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39) ______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40) ______ these villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Let’s say you’ve decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don’t have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food 41 at the supermarket. Since you really 42 yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn’t it? This is where a “choice architect” can help 43 some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket—including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don’t have to 44 healthier lifestyles through laws—for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect—one that encourages us to choose what is best—we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedomof choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with 45 hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called “traffic light system” to 46 foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains 47 by looking at the lights on the package. A green light 48 that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be 49 ; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in 50 . The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we’ve just watched or books we’ve just finished reading, but plain and simple 51 .Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 52 do with it? We gossip. About others’ behaviour and private lives, such as who’s doing what with whom, who’s in and who’s out—and why; how to deal with difficult 53 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 54 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It’s not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 55 issues.Dunbar 56 he traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar— 57 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 58 of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 59 from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 60 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 61 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 62 the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 63 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 64 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 65 contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does MotherNature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie in other ways? Canthey lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call itlying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees,behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helpsthem survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don’t make nests. Instead, they get into other birds’ nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by ______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner’s hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let’s say you want to hit the gymmore regularly this year. How doyou make that happen? Considerputting the habit loop to use.Here’s how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there’s a cue, something that tells yourbrain to operate automatically. Thenthere’s a routine. And finally, a reward,which helps your brain learn to desirethe behavior. It’s what you can use tocreate—or break—habits of your own.Here’s how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, then pick. areward—say, a piece of chocolatewhen you get home from the gym. Thatway, the cue and the reward becomeinterconnected. Finally, when you seethe shoes, your brain will start longingfor the reward, which will make iteasier to work out day after day. Thebest part? In a couple of weeks, youwon’t need the chocolate at all. Yourbrain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by ______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What’s the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year’s resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel oran English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour.” What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. “As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner’s pants,” she said. “That’s the picture I remember best.”The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person’s body.Using such technology promises to alter people’s behaviour afterwards—potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism—the bias （偏见）that humans have against those who don’t look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants’ bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. “At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms,” says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. “It’s a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone.”74. The word “swapping” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that ______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people’s bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to controla dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则）and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too, they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company’s competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of “doing well by doing good” has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and with your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）: it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money tocharities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to _______.81. According to the passage, “good business” (paragraph 6) means that corporations _______while making profits第Ⅱ卷（共47分）Ⅰ.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2014上海杨浦区高考二模英语翻译具体解析第1-4句
2014上海杨浦区⾼考⼆模英语翻译具体解析第1-4句翻译1 ：（4分）原句：不管你相信不相信，善于倾听并采纳别⼈的意见是明智的。
⼀. 评分标准：Believe it or not / Whether you believe it or not, it is advisable toBelieve it or not, being ready/willing to listen to others and adopt their advice is advisable.或可以：Whether you believe it or not, listening to (others) and adopting their opinion(s) (readily / willingly) are /is advisable.注意：“采纳”⽤receive , “善于”⽤be good at 都扣0.5分, 原句“善于”意为“乐于”，漏掉it 扣0.5分⼆. 典型错误：1. 不理解advisable的意思，把它误认为“倾听”，⽽把句⼦中的“明智的”⽤“sensible, wise”表⽰。
2. “不管你相信不相信”：翻译成：No matter whether you believe it or not, 或Whatever you believe it or not,3. 句型不熟练, 很多同学漏掉itWhether you believe or not, / Believe or not4. 中⽂“善于”使很多同学句⼦出现偏差，原本正确的句⼦⼜改错。
本题的得分率2.6分左右。
2. 能否坚持⾃⼰所做的事情是⼀个⼈取得成功的重要因素之⼀。
（persevere）Whether one can persevere in what he is doing is one of the important factors of his success.1)Whether one can persevere in---------------1’Whether to persevere in 也对Whether ⽤if扣半分介词in 漏掉或⽤错都扣半分⽤it 做形式主语扣半分多⼀个连词that 扣⼀分语序错扣⼀分2)what he is doing------------------------------1’what he doessomething he is doing /doesthe thing that he is doing/ does 都算对whatever he is doing/ does除以上两种时态外，has been doing 也算对。
杨浦2014届二模英语
杨浦区2013学年度第二学期初三基础测试英语试卷(满分150分) 2014.4(完卷时间：100分钟，答案一律写在答卷纸上)Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解): (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片): （6分）A B C DE F G H1. ________2. _______3. _________4. __________5. __________6. _________B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (共8分)7. A) Warm. B) Rainy. C) Snowy. D) Cold.8. A) At 7:00 a.m.. B) At 7:30 a.m.. C) At 7:00 p.m.. D) At 7:30 p.m..9. A) Mother and son. B) Teacher and student.C) Doctor and patient. D) Driver and passenger.10. A) By bus. B) By underground. C) On foot. D) By taxi.11. A) A ring. B) A scarf. C) A watch. D) A skirt.12. A) Have lunch with Jim. B) Help Jim clean the house.C) Look after her baby. D) Prepare lunch for Jim.13. A) He got up later than usual. B) His car broke down.C) He was stuck in traffic. D) He left home too late.14. A) Megan doesn’t like the novel.B) Rob has read the novel.C) Megan has seen the movie. D) Rob wants to see the movie.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示):(共6分)杨浦区教师进修学院教研室保留版权初三基础测试（2014）英语试卷第1页（共8页）15. Sam teaches others to play basketball.16. Joe’s school basketball team lost all the games before Sam helped them.17. In the first half of the 11th game, the school team didn’t play well.18. The team wanted to invite Michael Jordan to join them.19. Miller is a very famous basketball player.20. The story mainly tells us that we should encourage team work if we want to succeed.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词): (共10分)21. Plane spotting (看飞机) is a great example of a __________ but __________ hobby.22. Plane spotters like to guess __________ __________ of the plane and the year it was built.23. Bird-watching started as a way for people to __________ __________, and over time it becamemore useful.24. Bird-watchers formed groups to find ways to protect __________ __________ and theenvironment.25.Some people who are skillful at computers have __________ __________ computer work as ahobby.Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案): (共20分)26. Sue heard a very loud noise coming from the forest. Which of the following is correct inpronunciation for the underlined word in the sentence?A) ♒✋☜♎B) ♒☜♎C) ♒♎D) ♒♏☜♎27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A) Our flight was cancelled. B) My father has bought a DSLR camera.C) Smoking can damage your health. D) They are holding a debate on keeping pets.28. My father is ________ his sixties, but he looks much younger.A) in B) on C) at D) for29. Do you have to wear ________ uniform if you work at McDonald’s?A) a B) an C) the D) /30. Jimmy has made up ________ mind to go to Oxford University for further study.A) he B) his C) him D) himself31. The Chinese ________ the first to use paper money, probably as early as the eleventh century.A) is B) are C) was D) were32. This pair of shoes is too small for me. Can you show me ________ pair?A) other B) others C) another D) the others33.They are looking for someone who is familiar ________ computers.杨浦区教师进修学院教研室保留版权初三基础测试（2014）英语试卷第2页（共8页）A) to B) with C) at D) for34. The food in this restaurant tastes ________ and the price is right.A) good B) well C) bad D) badly35. This kind of car is ________ than that one because it uses less fuel.A) popular B) more popular C) most popular D) the most popular36. – Must we hand in the exercise books now?– No, you ________. You can hand it in tomorrow.A) mustn’t B) needn’t C) can’t D) shouldn’t37. You should go to bed early, ________ you will feel tired in the morning.A) or B) but C) and D) so38. The President ________ China in the near future.A) visit B) visited C) have visited D) will visit39. The old lady ________ along the road when the car hit her suddenly.A) was walking B) walked C) had walked D) has walked40. ________ there are many advantages of television, some people are not satisfied with it.A) Until B) Since C) Although D) When41. If I can’t finish ________ my homework now, I’ll go on with it after supper.A) do B) doing C) did D) to do42.The old man was upset because his favourite vase ________ by his grandson.A) broke B) had broken C) is broken D) was broken43. The teacher told the student ________ attention to his spelling and grammar.A) pay B) will pay C) to pay D) paying44.–______ do you go to the after-school activity centre?– Once a week.A) How long B) How often C) How soon D) How many times45. – Would you like to play basketball with me after school?– ________ I have to work for the wall paper.A) That’s great!B) I’m afraid I can’t.C) Sure. Please go ahead. D) No, I wouldn’t.Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。
2014年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分.试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(笫1—12页）和第Ⅱ卷(第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题）在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上,在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名.第I卷（共103分）I。
Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。
At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。
1. A。
policewoman。
B。
A judge。
C. A reporter。
D。
A waitress。
2. A。
Confident。
B。
Puzzled。
C。
Satisfied. D。
Worried.3.A。
At a restaurant。
B. At a car rental agency。
C。
In a bank。
D. In a driving school.4。
上海市各区2013-2014年高三英语二模试卷分类汇编----中英翻译-老师版(带答案已经校对)
I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。
(as…as)2. 一到机场，玛丽就发现把护照忘在家里了。
(Hardly)3. 正是他对我们表现的评价，表明我们已经步入正轨了。
(track)4. 我没想到那个曾经受到高度赞扬的钢琴家结果却令观众大失所望。
(turn out)5. 如果不能独立找出提高学习效率的方法，你就很难取得令人满意的成绩。
(unless)Keys:1. Their suggestion sounds as feasible as ours.2. Hardly had Mary got to the airport when she found/noticed that she had left the passport at home.3. It was their comment on our performance that showed we had already been on the right track.4. I never thought that the pianist who had once been highly praised/spoken highly of turned out to be a great disappointment to the audience.5. It is very difficult for you to gain satisfactory achievements unless you find out the method of improving the learning efficiency by yourself / on your own.I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。
2014年上海高考英语试卷翻译和写作精析与答案
2014年上海高考英语试卷翻译和写作精析与答案TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 【翻译总体分析】五句翻译分别考察了词组搭配、名词性从句、比较级、名词词组固定搭配、让步状语从句。
整体试题难度体现了良好的阶梯性，由简至难，除第五句中如何翻译出购物狂稍有难度，其他翻译题都保持在中等难度，只要能掌握基本句式难度就不太大了。
1 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
（accustomed）【解析】本题主要考察词组be accustomed to doing，只要对词组掌握良好，根据语序就可以按部就班的翻译出句子。
2 将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。
（be up to）【解析】本题考察名词性从句当中的主语从句，整体句子结构相对比较简单，正是我们平时口语当中的it’s up to you.难点就在于正确翻译从句部分。
首先从句是用what来引导，同时注意从句保持陈述语序；其次需要注意词汇的积累，过着…生活词组表达是lead/ live a … life。
3 没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。
（than）【解析】本题考查比较级, 难度较前两句稍有增加，主要难点在于：一、合理安排句子结构，要用比较级表示最高级，此考点的重点就在于使用比较级的同时要搭配否定，表达出“没有…更…“来表达最高级的意思；二、同意 approve 这个词搭配的介词 of，同时要注意介词后面要加动名词，相应地enter for 参加要改成 entering for 。
4家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。
（for fear）【解析】此题考察重点就在于嘱咐和遭遇不测嘱咐: ask或者tell即可\在河边应该翻译成by the river，需要注意介词的选择；由于题目给出的词组是for fear，fear作为名词，可以直接在后面加of，所以遭遇不测这个动词词组可以名词化，翻译成for fear of accident.5.虽然现代社会物资丰富，给与消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。
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中译英第五句：
5. 有些青少年热衷于网络游戏，有时候竟然连饭都可以不吃，而且他们和家长的关系往往也比较糟糕。
（keen）
Some teenagers are so keen on online games that they sometimes prefer not to have meals, and what’s more, they usually have a bad relationship with their parents.
1)… are keen on online games…
网络游戏：network/net/cyber/Internet/web games
2)
Some teenagers …和…sometimes…青少年: teens/adolescents/ juveniles/young people/the youth/ youngsters
don’t eat
3)… they prefer not to have meals …竟然连饭都可以不吃：(even/should) neglect/skip meals eat nothing
(even) don’t have/eat meals 或don’t eat food/dinner (注：’t eat anything是错的)
注意：1) should 表竟然时，后面不能跟否定式。
如：shouldn’t have meals是错的。
2) 若“竟然”义没有翻出来（即:even/should或prefer not to没有），不扣分。
4) … they usually have a bad relationship with/don’t get along well with their parents. （这部分0.5分）
或…the relationship between them/teenagers and their parents tends to be quite/comparatively/relatively poor/bad/terrible/awful/awkward 或…their relationship with their parents 或tends to get worse
( 这部分1分) 或is usually /always quite poor/bad/… (注：is usually worse/getting worse是错的)
注意：若“往往”义没有翻出来（即:usually/tend to没有），不扣分。
5) 本句结构：Some teenagers are so keen on online games that……（关注粗体部分，注意句和句之间的衔接）
或：Some teenagers are keen on online games and/so that…
或：Keen on online games ,some teenagers……
或：some teenagers( who are) keen on…… skip meals…。