动名词的用法 (3)ppt课件

语态
主动语态
writing
having written
被动语态
being written
having been
注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing written
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V-ing形式的构成方式：
1.在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾 –ing。 eg. go – going; do – doing; ask – asking; read --- reading
He was late again because of getting up late.
Lock the doors and windows before going out.
study – studying; carry – carrying; fly – flying; worry – worrying; 2.在以不发音的e 结尾的动词后，去掉e，再加- ing。 eg. come – coming live – living dance – dancing make – mHale Waihona Puke Baiduking 3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节 动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写 （x除外），然后再加 –ing. sit – sitting; run – running; begin – beginning; forget – forgetting 4.在少数几个以 –ie 结尾的动词后：须将–ie 变作y，再加ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die – dying; tie – tying lie – lying
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2）作介词的宾语 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新 的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？
Despite lacking money, his parents sent him to a good university.
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3.句型"There is …"往往用于说明"不允许、禁止 某种活动或是某件事情发生或存在"。类似一种 建议、命令等。 1)There is no joking about such matters . 2)There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was founded . 不容抵赖这个事实，中国自它成立以来已在各个 方面都取得了飞速的发展。 3)There is no littering about . 不许乱扔杂物。
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2. 用作宾语
1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此 类动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay推迟 耽误, practise, resist 坚持 suggest, depend on, think about, set about开 始做, succeed in, worry about, burst out突然发生, insist on, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to准备 等。如： They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他们继 续走，说个不停。 I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上 走真是乐事。
Module Two
动名词 Grammar
语法点的讲练
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动名词的定义
它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式 为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、 表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例）
时 一般时 态
完成时
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动名词能在句中充当什么成分？
性质 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语 动名 n. 词 pron.
以及同位语
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动名词的基本用法
１．用作主语
所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Playing with fire is dangerous. Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词 置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。 1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing… 2)It is a waste of time+doing … 3)It is fun+doing … 在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。 It’s no use crying over spilt溢出 milk.(覆水难收） There is no joking about the matter. It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。
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为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：
后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：
避免，错过，（少）延期 avoid, miss, postpone/put off 建议，完成，（多）练习 suggest, finish, practice 喜欢，想象，禁不住 enjoy, imagine, can’t help 承认，否定，（又）妒忌 admit, deny, envy 逃避，冒险，（多）原谅 escape, risk, excuse 忍受，保持，（不）介意stand, keep, mind