外贸英语重点短语

第一单元tangible trade 有形贸易；intangible trade无形贸易STC（Standard International Trade Classification）《国际贸易标准分类》intellectual proprty right 知识产权General Agreement on Trade in Services（GATS）《服务贸易总协定》Cross Boarder Supply 跨境交付；Consumption Abroad 境外消费;Commercial Presence商业存在；Movement of Natural Personnel 自然人流动Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Interllectual Property Rights（TRIPs）《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》direct trade 直接贸易；indirect trade 间接贸易transit country 过境国；transit trade 过境贸易；transit duty 过境税enterpot trade 转口贸易favourable balance of trade（trade surplus）贸易顺差unfavourable balance of trade（trade deficit）贸易逆差general trade system总贸易体系special trade system专门贸易体系customs territory关境bonded warehouse保税仓库free trade zone 自由贸易区value of international trade国际贸易值；quantum of international trade国际贸易量value of foreign trade 对外贸易值quantum of foreign trade对外贸易量the commodity composition of international trade 国际贸易商品结构the commodity composition of foreign trade对外贸易商品结构the geographical composition of international trade 国际贸易地理构成the degree of dependence on foreign trade 对外贸易依存度the international division of production 国际分工第三单元Manchesterim 自由贸易主义protectionism保护贸易主义specific duty 从量税；ad valorem duty 从价税；compound duty（mixed duty）混合税；alternative duty 选择税preferential duties特惠税Lome Convention《洛美协定》；GSP（General System of Preference）普惠制competitive need criterion 竞争需要标准graduation clause毕业条款rules of origin 原产地规则MFN(Most Favored Nation)最惠国countervailing duty 反补贴税prohibited subsidy 禁止性补贴；actionable subsidy 可申诉补贴anti-dumping duty 反倾销税asolute quota 绝对配额；tariff quota 关税配额；country quota 国别配额；global quota 全球配额“volintary”export restriction（VER）自动出口限制foreign exchange control 外汇管制；technical barriers to trade（TBT）技术贸易壁垒green barriers 绿色壁垒；tied loan 约束性贷款；normal value 正常价值；persistent dumping 持续性倾销（long-run dumping）；predatory dumping掠夺性倾销；sporadicdumping 偶然性倾销exporting processing zone 出口加工区；VAT（Value Added Tax）增值税；bonded area保税区international trade practices 国际贸易惯例；Dispute Settlement Understanding 争端解决的谅解Trade Policy Review Mechanism 贸易政策审议机制Most-Favored-Nation（MFN）treatment 最惠国待遇；National treatment 国民待遇第四单元Mercantilism 重商主义；zero-sum game 零和游戏early Mercantilism 早起重商主义；late Mercantilism 晚期重商主义balance of bargains 货币差额轮；absolute advantage 绝对优势；comparative advantage 比较优势The Heckscher-Ohlin（Factor Proportious）Theory 郝-俄林理论factor of production 生产要素；capital-intensive 资本密集型；labor-intensive 劳动密集型factor endowments 要素禀赋；Leontief‘s paradox 里昂惕夫之谜Product Life-cycle Theory 产品生命周期理论；The Product Life cycle （PLC）产品生命周期；technology-intensive 技术密集型的；economies of scale（ES）规模经济；internal economies of scale内部规模经济；external economies of scale 外部规模经济；intra-industry 产业内贸易；product differentiation 产品差异化第五单元preferential tariff arrangement 优惠关税安排；free trade area 自由贸易区；The North American Free Trade Area（NAFTA）北美自由贸易区；customs union 关税同盟；common external tariff 共同对外关税；incomplete customs union 不完全关税同盟；complete customs union 完全关税同盟；Not-Yet-Perfect-Customs Union 仍不完全关税同盟；common market 共同市场；economic union 经济联盟；monetary union 货币联盟；trade creation 贸易创造；trade diversion 贸易转移；terms-of-trade贸易条件；FTAA（Free Trade Area of the Americans）美洲自由贸易区；Economic Community of West African States（ECOW AS）西非共同体；African Union（AU）非洲统一组织；第六单元localization 当地化；infrastructure 基础设施；strategic planning战略计划；dynamic 动力的动态的；issues-based 衣问题为基础的；Vision 愿景；mission 使命；internal/external assessment 内部（外部）评估；foresight 远见；situstion inventory 情况梳理；environmental scan 环境一览；issure analysis 问题分析；ingredient 成分因素；CEO（Chief Executive Officer）；SET（Senior Executive Team）高层管理团队；participant 参与者共享着；financial implications 财务暗示；reorientation再定位；insurmountable 不能克服的；front-line 一线的前线的；第七单元culminate达到顶点；protocol agreement 草案书；communist countries 共产主义国家；inerest 利益股分；non-tariff barriers 非关税壁垒；know-how 技术秘诀；market acess modes 市场准入模式；market entry 市场进入；joint ventures合资公司；export processing zone（EPZ）出口加工区；intelligence system情报系统；logistics cost 物流成本；indirect exportinfg 间接出口；export agent 出口代理；export commission agent 出口佣金代理；piggyback exproting随带出口；international intermediaries 国际中间商；barter and counter-trade 易货和互抵贸易；export management companies（EMCs）出口管理公司；export trading companies 出口贸易公司；wholly owned subsidiary全资子公司；licensing许可；sole license 独家许可；exclusive license 排他性许可；franchising 特许经营；turnkey project 交钥匙工程；management contract 管理合同；contract manufacturing 合同生产；第八单元equity transaction 股权交易；product launches产品开发；manufacturing optimization生产最优化portfolio investment证券投资，间接投资ECB(European Central Bank)欧洲中央银行debt instruments债务证券assets and liabilities 资产和负债deposits存款，押金，保证金accounts receivable and payable应收账款，应付账款financial instruments金融工具contractual joint ventures契约式合资公司limited liabilities有限责任joint exploitation合作开发，合作开采BOT（Build-Operate-Transfer）建设-经营-移交tariff-jumping逃避关税export-oriented出口导向的ASEAN东南亚国家联盟income tax 所得税stock dividends股息，红利customs duties关税bilateral taxation agreements 双边税收协定dual taxation 双重征税personal income tax 个人所得税SAFE（State Administration of Foreign Exchange）国家外汇管理局；第九单元host-country 东道国competitive advantages 竞争优势home country母国parent company 母公司self-sufficient 自给自足的LDCs（less developed countries）欠发达国家repatriate 遣返送回efficiency-wage 计件工资效率工资transferring pricing 转移定价arm‘s length 公平价格urban markets城市市场rural market 农村市场第十一单元price terms 价格术语trade terms 贸易术语delivery terms 交货术语commercial terms 商业术语Incoterms 2000shipment contract 装运合同arrival contract 到达合同documentary credit 跟单信用证freight collect 运费到付letter of credit（L/C）信用证EXW--Ex WorksFCA--free Carrier 货交承运人FAS--Free Alongside Ship 船边交货FOB--Free On Board 船上交货CFR--Cost and Freight 成本加运费CIF--Cost ，Insurance and freight 成本保险费加运费CPT--Carriage Paid to 运费付至CIP--Carriage and Insurance Paid to 运费、保险费付至DAF--Delivered at Frontier 边境交货DES--Delivered Ex Ship 目的港船上交货DEQ--Delivered Ex Quay 目的港码头交货DDU--Delivered Duty Unpaid 未完税交货DDP--Delivered Duty Paid 完税交货第十二单元United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods（CISG）《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》enquiry 询价；offer发盘；counter-offer 还盘；acceptance 接受；invitation to offer 邀请发盘late acceptance 逾期接受；fundamental breach of contract 根本性违约；counter sample 对等样品回样reference sample 参考样品quality tolerance 品质公差；quality latitude 品质机动幅度；metric ton（M/T）公吨gross for net 以毛为净；real tare 实际皮重；average tare 平均皮重；customary tare习惯皮重；computed tare预定皮重；conditioned weight 公量theoretical weight 理论重量；legal weight 法定重量；bulk cargo 散货；more or less clause 一段装条款；transport packing 运输包装；sales packing销售包装；shipping mark 唛头indicative mark 指示性标志；warning mark 警告性标志product code 商品编码；bar code 条形码；plain discount 明扣；secret discount 暗扣；compensation trade 补偿贸易；reciprocal L/C 对开信用证；usance L/C 远期信用证；sight L/C 即期信用证；processing trade 加工贸易；simple license 普通许可；sole license 独家许可；exclusive license 独占许可排他许可；sub-license 分许可；cross license 交叉许可；第十三单元liner transport 班轮运输general cargo 杂货weight ton 重量吨measurement ton 尺码吨；freight ton 运费吨；charter transport（tramp transport）租船运输（不定期船运输）charter party 租船合约time charter 定期租船；voyager charter 定程租船；loading/unloading rate 装卸率；dumurrage 滞期费；dispatch money 速遣费；freight forwarder 运输行货运代理；on board B/L 已装船提单；received for shipment B/L 备运提单；clean B/L清洁提单；unclean B/L 不清洁提单；straight B/L 记名提单；blank B/L 不记名提单；order B/L 指示提单；direct B/L 直达提单；transshipment B/L 转船提单；through B/L 联运提单；liner B/L 班轮提单；charter party B/L 租船提单；long form B/L全式提单；short from B/L 简式提单；on deck B/L 舱面提单；stale B/L 过期提单；ante-dated B/L 倒签提单；advanced B/L 预借提单；sea waybill 海运单；air waybill 航空运单；perils of the sea 海上风险；natural calamity 自然灾害；fortuitous accident 意外事故；extraneous risk 外来风险；general extraneous risk 一般外来风险；special extraneous risk 特殊外来风险；total loss全损；partial loss 部分损失；actual total loss 实际全损；constructive total loss推定全损；general average 共同海损；particular average 单独海损；sue and labor expensens 施救费用；salvage charges 救助费用；CIC（China Insurance Clause）中国保险条款；FPA 平安险；WA(WPA) 水渍险；All Risks 一切险；warehouse to warehouse clause 仓至仓条款；general additional risk 一般附加险；special additional risk 特殊附加险；open policy 预约保险单；第十四单元bill of exchange（draft）汇票drawer出票人；drawee受票人；drawing出票presentation提示；Acceptance承兑；endorsement背书dishonor拒付，退票；recourse追索certificates of dishonor拒付证明the statement on the ground for protest退票理由书bank draft银行汇票；commercial draft商业汇票clean draft光票；documentary draft跟单汇票sight draft（demand draft）即期汇票；time draft（usance draft）远期汇票banker's acceptance draft银行承兑汇票；trader's acceptance draft 商业承兑汇票promissory note本票dishonorable check空头支票the remitting bank汇出行；the paying bank汇入行，解付行Mail Transfer（M/T）信汇；Telegraphic Transfer（T/T）电汇；Remittance by Banker's Demand Draft（D/D）票汇open account赊账，赊销cash on delivery货到付款remitting bank托收行；collecting bank代收行；presenting bank提示行clean collection光票托收；documentary collection跟单托收；documents against payment（D/P）付款交单；D/P at sight即期付款交单；D/P after sight远期付款交单documents against acceptance（D/A）承兑交单issuing bank 开证行；advising bank通知行；negotiating bank议付行；paying bank付款行；reimbursing bank偿付行Clean L/C光票信用证；documentary L/C跟单信用证；confirmed L/C保兑信用证；unconfirmed L/C不保兑信用证；transferable L/C可转让信用证；non-transferable L/C不可转让信用证；sight L/C即期信用证；usance L/C远期信用证；usance L/C payable at sight假远期信用证；payment L/C付款信用证；acceptance L/C承兑信用证；negotiation L/C议付信用证；sight payment L/C即期付款信用证；deferred payment L/C延期付款信用证；restricted negotiation L/C限制议付信用证；open negotiation L/C公开议付信用证；revolving L/C循环信用证；anticipatory L/C预支信用证；back to back L/C对背信用证banker's letter of guarantee （L/G）银行保函；performance L/G履约保函；tender L/G投标保函；repayment L/G还款保函standby L/C备用信用证第十五单元Food and Drugs Administration（FDA）（美国）食品药品管理局Administration of Quality Supervision，Inspection and Quarantine of the PRC中华人民共和国质量监督检验检疫局（简称AQSIQ）Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau出入境检验检疫局breach of contract违约discrepancy & claim clause异议与索赔条款penalty clause罚金（违约金）条款force majeure不可抗力China Council for the Promotion of International Trade中国国际贸易促进委员会friendly consultation友好协商mediation调解litigation 诉讼arbitration仲裁China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会arbitral award仲裁裁决arbitration tribunal仲裁庭<PIXTEL_MMI_EBOOK_2005>1 </PIXTEL_MMI_EBOOK_2005>。