英语语法----直接引语和间接引语
2023年中考英语语法笔记:直接引语和间接引语

直接引语和间接引语一.概念理解:直接引用别人所说的话叫直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。
二.直接引语变为间接引语的特点:①不用逗号/冒号/感叹号/引号②要考虑人称和时态变化③要考虑时间、地点状语和指示代词变化.三.变化特点a. 若主句谓语动词是现在时,直接引语变成间接引语不用调整时态。
直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时过去将来时不变过去进行时不变过去完成时不变将来进行时过去将来进行时将来完成时过去将来完成时注意:当直接引语表示客观真理时,变为间接引语时态不变。
b. 指示代词、时间状语和动词也要作调整。
直接引语间接引语指示代词this / these that / those时间状语nowtodaytonightthis weekyesterdaythe day before yesterdaylast weekagothree days agotomorrowthe day after tomorrownext weekso farin two daysthenthat daythat nightthat weekthe day beforetwo days beforethe week beforebeforethree days beforethe next / following daytwo days laterthe next / following weekby thenafter two days地点状语Here there方向性动词come / bring go / take情态动词can, may, must could, might, had to注意:即时转述,从句中的时间、地点不用变化;过后转述,而且时间、地点都发生了变化,间接引语中的时间和地点都要随之变化。
c. 直接引语变为间接引语的注意事项(基本规则同于宾语从句部分):1.陈述句变为间接引语时,宾语从句的引导词用that(可省略)引导。
高三英语语法总复习——直接引语和间接引语

Review
The direct and indirect speech
直接引语和间接引语
什么是直接引语和间接引语
直接引语:直接引述别人的话,用“ ”。 间接引语:转述别人的话,不用“ ”。
(直接引语和间接引语通常出现在宾语从句中)
John said,”I like reading adventure stories.” John said that he liked reading advent的直接引语变为间接引语 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 祈使句
直接引语为陈述句时
用that引导间接引语,that 可以省略 say to sb. tell sb. She said,”I’ll go there tomorrow.” She said that she’ll go there the next day. She said to me,”I broke your CD player.” She told me that she had broken my CD player.
直接引语为一般疑问句
用if 或whether 引导间接引语 用陈述句的语序 say 变为ask
He said,”Is Lucy interested in English?” He asked if Lucy was interested in English.
直接引语为特殊疑问句
用原来的疑问词引导 用陈述句的语序 say 变为ask “What can I do for you?” he said to me. He asked me what he could do for me.
He said (that) he was afraid he could’t finish the work. She said,”My sister was here one week ago.” She said (that) her sister had been here one week before. She said,”I’ll come here this evening.” She said (that) she would come here that evening
(完整版)英语语法----直接引语和间接引语

英语语法----直接引语和间接引语一、 定义:1、 直接引语:使用引号引出别人的原话。
2、间接引语:用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。
二、 直接引语和间接引语的转换直接引语变间接引语时,要注意人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。
1、 人称变化口诀如下:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。
“一随主”即把直接引语中的第一人称(如:I ,me ,my ,mine ,we ,us ,our ,ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
“二随宾”即把直接引语中的第二人称(you ,your ,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人,如无听话人,可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。
“第三人称不更新”即直接引语中的第三人称(he ,him ,his ,she ,her ,hers,it ,its,they,their ,theirs ,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。
一随主:He said , “I like it very much.” 他说:“我非常喜欢它”。
→liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。
(I 改为he, it 不变)二随宾:He said, “You told me this story.”他说:“你给我讲过这个故事。
”→He said that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。
(本句中宾语是me ,所以You 改为I , me 改为him, told 改为had told)She said to Mary ,”How do you ?”go to work everyday?” →She asked Mary how she went to work everyday. 第三人称不更新:He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room ”.他对我说:“她把书放在你的房间里去了。
英语直接引语和间接引语

英语直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语(Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 1直接引语:直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语。
间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。
直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号。
例如:Mr Black said, “I'm busy” XXX先生说:“我很忙”(直接引语)Mr Black said that he was XXX.XXX先生说他很忙。
(间接引语)1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。
在这一方面,汉语和英语有许多相似之处,因此,在做直接引语和间接引语转换练时,要特别注意句子的意义。
1)人称的变化a)He said, “I like it very much.”他说:“我非常喜欢它。
”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。
b) He saidto me, “I've left my book in your room.” 他对我说:“我把书放在你的房间里了。
”He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。
2)时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。
如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变化。
时态的变化例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I'm afraid I XXX work.”He said that he was XXX.现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I'm using XXX.”He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May.一般曩昔时→曩昔完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.过去完成时不变He said, “I had XXX”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化:变革例句直接引语间接引语this-that这个-那个She said, “Iwill come this morning."She said that she would go that morning.these-those这些=那些He said, "XXX."He said that those books were his.now-then现在-那时He said, "It is nine 0'clock now."He said that it was nine 0'clock then.today-that day本日-那天He said, "I haven't seen her today."XXX.XXX-the day before今天-前一天she said, "I went there XXX."She said that she had gone there the day before.tomorrow-the next(following) day明天-第二天she said, "I'll go there tomorrow."She said that she would go there the next (following) day.here-there这里-那里come-go来-去注:(1)直接引语如果是客观谬误,变成直接引语时,时态稳定。
初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语

初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语直接引语(Direct Speech)和间接引语(Indirect Speech)是英语语法中重要的知识点。
在日常交流和书面表达中,人们经常使用直接引语和间接引语来引述他人的话语内容。
本文将对直接引语和间接引语进行归纳总结,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这两种引语形式。
一. 直接引语(Direct Speech)直接引语是将别人的原话直接引述出来的表达方式。
它通常使用引号将原话包裹起来,并在引号前后使用逗号或句号作为标点符号。
直接引语的语气直接、生动,可以准确地传递原始信息。
1. 表达方式:Tom said, "I like chocolate."2. 特点:- 使用引号标注原话;- 使用逗号或句号标点;- 保留原话的时态、人称和语气。
3. 例句:a) She asked, "What time is it?"b) He shouted, "Stop!"二. 间接引语(Indirect Speech)间接引语是将别人的话转述成自己的话的表达方式,同时改变动词的时态、人称以及其他相关的语言表达手法。
与直接引语相比,间接引语更加客观,不再保留原始语气和说话者的个人情感。
1. 表达方式:Tom said that he liked chocolate.2. 特点:- 去除引号,没有标点符号的限制;- 改变动词的时态、人称和语气;- 可能需要改变疑问句的语序。
3. 例句:a) She asked what time it was.b) He shouted to stop.三. 直接引语转换为间接引语的规则1. 时态转换:- 一般现在时变为一般过去时;- 现在进行时变为过去进行时;- 一般过去时变为过去完成时;- 现在完成时变为过去完成时;- 将来时变为将来过去时。
2. 人称变化:- 第一人称变为第三人称;- 第二人称不变化;- 第三人称根据实际情况变化。
初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语

初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语1定义:直接引语和间接引语:在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。
在书写时,直接引语用引号。
用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。
2、直接引语改变为间接引语:直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点:①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化;如:She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.”她说:“我昨天去看过刘老师了。
”She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她说那天她去看过刘老师了。
③时态的变化列表如下:但是,要注意下面的情况:直接引语说的是科学真理、格言时,无论主句用何时态,间接引语仍用一般时。
如:The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老师说:“太阳在东方升起,在西边落下。
”The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.3、直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词以及表示时间和地点的词或词组应作相应变化记忆方法:直接引语祈使句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号要加to;ask order 须记住,直接引语是否定式,not加在to前部。
对于人称变化,要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是:第一人称看主语,第二人称看宾语,宾语若是不存在,活用代词I, me, my直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:直接去引号,陈述莫忘掉,小心助动词,丢它最重要。
直接引语为一般疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加if,陈述语序要记住,时态人称和状语,小心变化别马虎。
直接引语为陈述句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加that。
什么是直接引语和间接引语

什么是直接引语和间接引语?直接引语(Direct Speech)和间接引语(Indirect Speech)是英语中用来引述他人的话语的两种方式。
它们有不同的语法结构和用法。
下面是关于直接引语和间接引语的详细解释和使用指导:1. 直接引语:直接引语是将别人的话语直接引用,使用引号将其括起来。
直接引语保留了原始说话者的原话,包括时态、人称和语气。
例如,直接引语可以是:"I love watching movies," she said ("我喜欢看电影,"她说)。
2. 间接引语:间接引语是将别人的话语转述成自己的话,不使用引号。
间接引语通常以动词引导,如say、tell、ask等,并引入一个从句来表示所引述的内容。
间接引语通常改变了时态、人称和语气。
例如,间接引语可以是:She said that she loved watching movies(她说她喜欢看电影)。
3. 直接引语和间接引语的转换:在将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几个方面:-时态的变化:一般情况下,时态会发生变化,根据具体情况进行调整。
例如,一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。
-人称的变化:人称也会发生变化,根据具体情况进行调整。
例如,第一人称变为第三人称,第二人称根据情况变为第三人称或保持不变。
-代词的变化:代词也需要根据情况进行变化。
例如,第一人称的代词"I"变为第三人称的代词"he/she",第二人称的代词"you"根据情况变为第三人称的代词或保持不变。
-时间和地点的变化:时间和地点也可能发生变化,根据具体情况进行调整。
4. 引导词的变化:在间接引语中,引导词通常用来引导从句,并在引语中提供信息。
例如,"She said, 'I love watching movies'"("她说,'我喜欢看电影'")可以转换为"She said that she loved watching movies"(她说她喜欢看电影)。
英语语法-直接引语和间接引语

第十二章直接引语和间接引语引述某人的话一般采用两种形式:一种是直接引语(Direct Speech),即原封不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内;另一种是间接引语(Indirect Speech),即用自己的话加以转述,被转述的内容不放在引号内。
一、直接引语变间接引语A.陈述句的间接引语直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时,在多数情况下都构成一个that引导的宾语从句,引述动词通常是say, tell等。
与此同时,间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。
The foreigner aid to me, I like Beijing very much.那老外告诉我:我很喜欢北京。
→ The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very much. 那老外告诉我说他(她)很喜欢北京。
She said, We are very fond of sports. 她说:我们都喜欢体育运动。
→ She said that they were very fond of sports. 她说他(她)们都喜欢体运动。
I'll go over the grammar lesson once again, he said. 他说:我将把语法课再复习一遍。
→ He said he would go over the grammar lesson once again. 他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。
(that可省略)B.疑问句的间接引语1.一般疑问句和反意疑问句一般疑问句改为间接引语时,要用陈述语序,并要加连词if 或whether,其主句动词常用ask, wonder, want to know, didn't know等。
句末不用问号。
My teacher asked me, Do you like American country music 我老师问我:你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗?→ My teacher asked me if/whether I liked American country music. 我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。
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直接引语和间接引语
一、定义:
直接引语:使用引号引出别人的原话。
间接引语:用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。
二、直接引语和间接引语的转换
直接引语变间接引语时,要注意人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化。
1.人称变化:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不变化。
一随主:即把直接引语中的第一人称变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
He said , “I like it very much.” 他说:“我非常喜欢它”。
→He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。
(I改为he, it不变)与主语一致
二随宾:即把直接引语中的第二人称(you,your,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人)相一致的人称。
She said to Mary ,”How do you ?”go to work everyday?”
→She asked Mary how she went to work everyday.
与宾语一致
第三人称不变化:即直接引语中的第三人称(he,him,his,she,her,hers,it,its,they,their,theirs,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。
He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”.他对我说:“她把书放在你的房间里去了。
”
He told me that she had left her book in my room. 他对我说她把书放在我的房间里去了。
(She’s→she had,her不变,your→my)
2.时态变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,间接引语的时态相应的向过去推一个时态。
He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说:“我正在用小刀。
”
→He said that he was using the knife.他说他正在用小刀。
注意:直接引语如果是客观真理、名人名言、与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时,变为间接引语时,时态不变。
The teacher said, “The earth is round. ”老师说:“地球是圆的。
”
→The teacher said that the earth is round.老师说地球是圆的。
1、句式变化
①接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。
如:She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."
→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②接引语如果是反意疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语
从句。
选择疑问句必须用whether…or…
如:He said, "Can you swim, John?"
→He asked John if he could swim.
"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked.
→My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?"
→He asked me whether I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句,间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。
She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"
→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb.(not) to do sth."句型。
如:"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children.
→She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.
"Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.
→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest +动句词(或从句)。
”如:
He said, " Let’s go to the film."
→He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
2、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化
John said,” this is my cellphone”.
John said (that)that was his cellphone.
注意:说话者在当时、当地转述别人的话时,时间状语和地点状语不变。