高考英语阅读理解高频替换词汇清单
高考英语素材积累之高分同义词组替换 清单-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项
高考英语素材积累之高分同义词组替换一、动词词组替换1.经历：常规表达：experience高分替换：undergo, go through示例翻译：She experienced many hardships in her life.（她经历了生活中的许多艰难困苦。
）→ She underwent numerous hardships throughout her life.2.感激：常规表达：be grateful/thankful to高分替换：appreciate示例翻译：I am grateful to my parents for their support.（我感激父母的支持。
）→ I appreciate my parents' support deeply.3.认为/宣称：常规表达：think, believe高分替换：insist, maintain, hold, argue, assert, declare, claim示例翻译：I think he is innocent.（我认为他是无辜的。
）→ I maintain that he is innocent.4.容纳：常规表达：contain高分替换：admit, accommodate, hold, seat示例翻译：The room contains five people.（这个房间能容纳五个人。
）→ The room accommodates five people comfortably.5.处理：常规表达：deal with高分替换：cope with, handle示例翻译：I don't know how to deal with this problem.（我不知道如何处理这个问题。
）→ I'm struggling to cope with this problem.6.确保：常规表达：make sure高分替换：see to it that, ensure that示例翻译：I'll make sure I'm on time.（我会确保准时到达。
高考英语高频阅读词汇
高考英语高频阅读词汇高频词汇第一组1. alter v. 改变,改动,变更2. burst vi. /n. 突然发生,爆裂3. dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)4. blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸,炸掉5. consume v. 消耗,耗尽6. split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂a. 裂开的7. spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃8. spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出9. slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略10. slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片高频词汇第二组11. bacteria n. 细菌12. breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔13. budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排14. candidate n. 候选人15. campus n. 校园16. liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的17. transform v. 转变,变革；变换18. transmit v. 传播,播送；传递19. transplant v. 移植20. transport vt. 运输,运送n. 运输,运输工具高频词汇第三组21. shift v. 转移；转动；转变22. vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化23. vanish vi. 消灭,不见24. swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子25. suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心26. suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的27. mild a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的28. tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的29. nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物）30. insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的高频词汇第四组31. accelerate vt. 加速,促进32. absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的33. boundary n. 分界线,边界34. brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住（车）35. catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目36. vague a. 模糊的,不明确的37. vain n. 徒劳,白费38. extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的39. extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的40. extreme a. 极度的,极端的n. 极端,过分高频词汇第五组41. agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因42. alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精43. appeal n. /vi. 呼吁,恳求44. appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏45. approve v. 赞成,同意,批准46. stimulate vt. 刺激,激励47. acquire vt. 取得,获得；学到48. accomplish vt . 完成,到达；实行49. network n. 网状物；广播网,电视网；网络50. tide n. 潮汐；潮流高频词汇第六组51. tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的52. trace vt. 追踪,找到n. 痕迹,踪迹53. torture n. /vt. 拷打,折磨54. wander vi. 漫游,闲逛55. wax n. 蜡56. weave v. 织,编57. preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持高频词汇第七组61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待；谩骂62. academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的63. academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会64. battery n. 电池（组）65. barrier n. 障碍；棚栏66. cargo n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物67. career n. 生涯,职业68. vessel n. 船舶；容器,器皿；血管69. vertical a. 垂直的70. oblige v. 迫使,责成；使感激高频词汇第八组71. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度73. exterior n. 外部,外表a. 外部的,外表的74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的75. petrol n. 汽油76. petroleum n. 石油77. delay vt. /n. 推迟,延误,耽搁78. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽79. decent a. 像样的,体面的80. route n. 路；路线；航线高频词汇第九组81. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏n. 毁灭,[pl. ]废墟82. sake n. 缘故,理由83. satellite n. 卫星84. scale n. 大小,规模；等级；刻度85. temple n. 庙宇86. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的,87. tend vi. 易于,趋向88. tendency n. 趋向,趋势89. ultimate a. 极端的,最大的,最终的n. 极端90. undergo v. 经历,遭受高频词汇第十组91. abundant a. 丰富的,充裕的,大量的92. adopt v. 收养；采用；采纳93. adapt vi. 适应,适合；改编,改写vt. 使适应94. bachelor n. 学士,学士学位；单身汉95. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的；临时的；非正式的96. trap n. 陷阱,圈套v. 设陷阱捕捉97. vacant a. 空的,未占用的98. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器99. oral a. 口头的,口述的,口的100. optics n. （单、复数同形）光学高频词汇第十一组101. organ n. 器官,风琴102. excess n. 过分,过量,过剩103. expel v. 驱逐,开除,赶出104. expend v. 消费105. expenditure n. 支出,消费；经费106. expense n. 开销,费用107. expensive a. 花钱多的；价格高贵的108. expand v. 扩大,扩张；展开,膨胀109. expansion n. 扩大,扩充；发展,膨胀110. private a. 私人的,个人的高频词汇第十二组111. individual a. 个别的,单独的n. 个人,个体112. personal a. 个人的,私人的；亲自的114. personnel n. [总称]人员,员工；人事部门115. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋116. the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋117. the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋118. the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋119. grant vt. 授予,同意,准予119. grand a. 宏伟大,壮丽的,重大的120. invade v. 侵入,侵略,侵袭高频词汇第十三组121. acid n. 酸,酸性物质a. 酸的；尖刻的122. acknowledge v. 承认；致谢123. balcony n. 阳台124. calculate vt. 计算,核算125. calendar n. 日历,月历126. optimistic a. 乐观127. optional a. 可以任选的,非强制的128. outstanding a. 杰出的,突出的,显著的129. export n. 出口（物）v. 出口,输出130. import n. 进口（物）v. 进口,输入高频词汇第十四组131. impose vt. 把. . . 加强(on)；采用,利用132. religion n. 宗教,宗教信仰133. religious a. 宗教的134. victim n. 牺牲品,受害者135. video n. 电视,视频a. 电视的,录像的136. videotape n. 录像磁带v. 把. . . 录在录像带上137. offend v. 冒犯,触犯138. bother v. 打搅,麻烦139. interfere v. 干涉,干扰,妨碍140. internal a. 内部的,国内的高频词汇第十五组141. beforehand ad. 预先,事先142. racial a. 人种的种族的143. radiation n. 放射物,辐射144. radical a. 根本的；激进的145. range n. 幅度,范围v. （在某范围内）变动146. wonder n. 惊奇,奇迹v. 想知道,对. . . 感到疑惑147. isolate vt. 使隔离,使孤立148. issue n. 问题,争论点；发行,（报刊）一期149. hollow a. 空的,中空的,空虚道150. hook n. 钩vt. 钩住高频词汇第十六组151. adequate a. 适当地；足够152. adhere vi. 粘附,附着；遵守,坚持153. ban vt. 取缔,禁止154. capture vt. 俘虏,捕获155. valid a. 有效的,有根据的；正当的156. valley n. 山谷,峡谷157. consistent a. 坚固定；一致的,始终如一的158. continuous a. 继续的,连续（不断）的159. continual a. 不断地,频繁的160. explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增高频词汇第十七组161. exploit v. 剥削；利用,开采162. explore v. 勘探163. explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增164. explosive a. 爆炸的；极易引起争论的165. remote a. 遥远的,偏僻的166. removal n. 除去,消除167. render vt. 使得,致使167. render vt. 呈递, 归还, 着色, 汇报, 致使, 放弃, 表演, 实施vi.给予补偿n.交纳, 粉刷, 打底168. precaution n. 预防,防备,警惕169. idle a. 懒散的,无所事事的170. identify vt. 认出,鉴定高频词汇第十八组171. identify n. 身份；个性,特性172. poverty n. 贫穷173. resistant a. (to)抵抗的,抗. . . 的,耐. . . 的174. resolve vt. 解决；决定,决意175. barrel n. 桶176. bargain n. 便宜货vi. 讨价还价177. coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的178. coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车179. code n. 准则,法规,密码180. coil n. 线圈v. 卷,盘绕高频词汇第十九组191. encounter vt. /n. 遭遇,遭到192. globe n. 地球,世界；地球仪193. global a. 全球的；总的194. scan vt. 细看；扫描；浏览195. scandal n. 丑事,丑闻196. significance n. 意义；重要性197. subsequent a. 随后的,后来的198. virtue n. 美德,优点199. virtual a. 实际上的,事实上的200. orient vt. 使适应,(to,toward)使朝向n. 东方高频词汇第二十组201. portion n. 一部分202. target n. 目标,靶子vt. 瞄准203. portable a. 手提式的204. decline v. 拒绝,谢绝；下降205. illusion n. 错觉206. likelihood n. 可能,可能性207. stripe n. 条纹208. emphasize vt. 强调,着重209. emotion n. 情感,感情210. emotional a. 感情的,情绪（上）的高频词汇第二十一组211. awful a. 极坏的,威严的,可怕的212. awkward a. 笨拙的,棘手的213. clue n. 线索,提示214. collision n. 碰撞,冲突215. device n. 装置,设备216. devise vt. 发明,策划,想出217. inevitable a. 不可避免的218. naval a. 海军的219. navigation n. 航行220. necessity n. 必需品；必要性高频词汇第二十二组221. previous a. 先,前,以前的222. provision n. [pl. ]给养,口粮；准备,设备,装置223. pursue vt. 追逐；追求；从事,进行224. stale a. 不新鲜的,陈腐的225. substitute n. 代用品vt. 代替226. deserve vt. 应受,应得,值得227. discrimination n. 歧视；辨别力228. professional a. 职业的,专门的229. secure a. 安全的,可靠的230. security n. 安全,保障高频词汇第二十三组231. scratch v. /n. 抓,搔,扒232. talent n. 才能,天资；人才233. insurance n. 保险,保险费234. insure vt. 给. . . 保险,保证,确保235. nevertheless ad. 仍然,然而,不过236. neutral a. 中立的,中性的237. spot n. 地点；斑点vt. 认出,发现；玷污238. spray v. 喷,（使）溅散239. medium a.中等的,适中的n.媒介物,新闻媒介240. media n. 新闻传媒高频词汇第二十四组241. auxiliary a. 辅助的,备用的242. automatic a. 自动的243. compete vi. 竞争,比赛244. competent a. 有能力的,能胜任的245. competition n. 竞争,比赛246. distribute vt. 分发247. disturb vt. 打搅,妨碍248. infer v. 推论,推断249. integrate v. （使）成为一体,（使）合并250. moist a. 潮湿高频词汇第二十五组251. moisture n. 潮湿252. promote vt. 促进；提升253. region n. 地区；范围；幅度254. register v. /n. 登记,注册255. stable a. 稳定的256. sophisticated a. 老于世故的,老练的；很复杂的257. splendid a. 极好的,壮丽的,辉煌的258. cancel vt. 取消,废除259. variable a. 易变的,可变的260. prospect n. 前景,前途；景象高频词汇第二十六组261. prosperity n. 兴旺,繁荣262. aspect n. 方面；朝向；面貌263. cope vi. (with)（成功地）应付,处理264. core n. 果心,核心265. maintain vt. 维持,保持；坚持,主张266. mainland n. 大陆267. discipline n. 纪律；惩罚；学科268. domestic a. 本国的,国内的；家用的；家庭的269. constant a. 不变的,恒定的n. 常数270. cliff n. 悬崖,峭壁高频词汇第二十七组271. authority n. 权威；当局272. audio a. 听觉的；声音的273. attitude n. 态度274. community n. 社区,社会275. commit vt. 犯（错误,罪行等）,干（坏事等）276. comment n. /vt. 评论277. distinguish vt. 区分,辨别278. distress n. 痛苦,悲伤vt. 使痛苦279. facility n. [pl. ] 设备,设施；便利,方便280. faculty n. 能力,技能;系,学科/院;全体教员高频词汇第二十八组281. mixture n. 混合,混合物282. mood n. 心情,情绪；语气283. moral a. 道德上的,有道德的284. prominent a. 突出的285. substance n. 物质；实质286. substantial a. 可观的；牢固的；实质的287. prompt vt. 促使a. 敏捷的,及时的288. vivid a. 生动的289. vocabulary n. 词汇（量）；词汇表290. venture n. 风险投资,风险项目v. 冒险；取于高频词汇第二十九组291. version n. 版本,译本；说法292. waist n. 腰,腰部293. weld v. /n. 焊接294. yawn vi. 打哈欠295. yield vi. (to)屈服于；让出,放弃n. 产量296. zone n. 地区,区域297. strategy n. 战略,策略298. strategic a. 战略（上）的,关键的299. tense a. 紧张的v. 拉紧n. 时态300. tension n. 紧张（状态）,张力高频词汇第三十组301. avenue n. 林荫道,大街302. available a. 现成可用的；可得到的303. comparable a. (with,to)可比较的,类似的304. comparative a. 比较的,相对的305. dash vi. 猛冲,飞奔306. data n. 数据,资料307. dive vi. 跳水,潜水308. diverse a. 不同的,多种多样的309. entitle vt. 给. . . 权利,给. . . 资格310. regulate vt. 管理,调节高频词汇第三十一组311. release vt. /n. 释放,排放；解释解脱312. exaggerate v. 夸大,夸张313. evil a. 邪恶的,坏的314. shrink vi. 起皱,收缩；退缩315. subtract v. 减（去）316. suburb n. 市郊317. subway n. 地铁318. survey n. /vt. 调查,勘测319. wealthy a. 富裕的320. adjust v. 调整,调节高频词汇第三十二组321. attach vt. 系,贴；使附属322. profit n. 利润,益处；v. 有益于,有利于323. profitable a. 有利可图的324. slope n. 斜坡,斜面325. reinforce vt. 增强,加强327. fatal a. 致命的；重大的328. fate n. 命运329. humble a. 谦逊的；谦虚的330. illegal a. 不合法的,非法的高频词汇第三十三组331. award vt. 授予,判给n. 奖品,奖金332. aware a. 意识到333. column n. 柱,圆柱；栏,专栏334. comedy n. 喜剧335. dumb a. 哑的；沉默的336. dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒337. deaf a. 聋的；不愿听的338. decorate vt. 装饰,装璜339. principal a. 最重要的n. 负责人,校长340. principle n. 原则,原理高频词汇第三十四组341. prior a. 优先的,在前的342. priority n. 优先,重点343. prohibit vt. 禁止,不准344. remarkable a. 值得注意的,异常的,非凡的345. remedy n. /vt. 补救,医治,治疗346. repetition n. 重复,反复347. vain a. 徒劳的,无效的348. undertake vt. 承担,着手做；同意,答应349. unique a. 唯一的,独特的350. obstacle n. 障碍（物）,妨碍高频词汇第三十五组351. odd a. 奇特的,古怪的；奇数的353. opponent n. 敌手,对手354. opportunity n. 机会,时机355. orchestra n. 管弦乐队356. semester n. 学期；半年357. semiconductor n. 半导体358. seminar n. 研讨会359. terminal a. 末端的,极限的n. 终点360. territory n. 领土高频词汇第三十六组361. approximate a. 大概的,大约v. 近似362. arbitrary a. 随意的,未断的363. architect n. 建筑师364. architecture n. 建筑学365. biology n. 生物学366. geography n. 地理（学）367. geology n. 地质学368. geometry n. 几何（学）369. arithmetic n. 算术370. algebra n. 代数高频词汇第三十七组371. entertainment n. 娱乐；招待,款待372. enthusiasm n. 热情,热心373. entry n. 进入,入口处；参赛的人（或物）374. environment n. 环境375. episode n. 插曲,片段376. equation n. 方程（式）377. restrain vt. 阻止,抑制378. restraint n. 抑制,限制379. resume v. （中断后）重新开始380. severe a. 严重的高频词汇第三十八组381. sexual a. 性的382. simplicity n. 简单；朴素383. simplify vt. 简化384. sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛385. stuff n. 原料,材料vt. 填进,塞满386. temporary a. 暂时的,临时的387. temptation n. 诱惑,引诱388. terror n. 恐怖389. thrust v. 挤,推,插390. treaty n. 条约,协定高频词汇第三十九组391. arise vi. 产生,出现,发生；起身392. arouse vt. 引起,激起；唤醒393. burden n. 重担,负荷394. bureau n. 局,办事处395. marvelous a. 奇迹般的,惊人的396. massive a. 大的,大量的,大块的397. mature a. 成熟的398. maximum a. 最高的,最大的399. minimum a. 最低的,最小的400. nonsense n. 胡说,冒失的行动高频词汇第四十组401. nuclear a. 核子的,核能的402. nucleus n. 核403. retail n. /v. /ad. 零售404. retain vt. 保留,保持405. restrict vt. 限制,约束406. sponsor n.发起者,主办者vt.发起,主办,资助407. spur n. /vt. 刺激,激励408. triumph n. 胜利,成功409. tuition n. 学费410. twist vt. 使缠绕；转动；扭歪高频词汇第四十一组411. undergraduate n. 大学肄业生412. universal a. 普遍的,通用的；宇宙的413. universe n. 宇宙414. via prep. 经由,经过,通过415. vibrate v. 振动,摇摆416. virus n. 病毒417. voluntary a. 自愿的418. volunteer n. 志愿者v. 自愿（做）419. vote v. 选举n. 选票420. wagon n. 四轮马车,铁路货车高频词汇第四十二组421. appoint vt. 任命,委派422. approach v. 靠近,接近n. 途径,方式423. appropriate a. 适当的424. bunch n. 群,伙；束,串425. bundle n. 捆,包,束vt. 收集,归拢426. ceremony n. 典礼,仪式427. chaos n. 混乱,紊乱428. discount n. （价格）折扣429. display n. /vt. 陈列,展览430. equivalent a. 相等的a. 相等物高频词汇第四十三组431. erect a. 竖直的v. 建造,竖立432. fax n. /vt. 传真433. fertile a. 肥沃的；多产的434. fertilizer n. 肥料435. grateful a. 感激的436. gratitude n. 感激437. horror n. 恐怖438. horrible a. 可怕的439. Internet n. 国际互联网,因特网440. interpret v. 翻译,解释高频词汇第四十四组441. interpretation n. 解释,说明442. jungle n. 丛林,密林443. knot n. 结vt. 把. . . 打成结444. leak v. 漏,渗出445. lean vi. 倾斜,倚,靠446. leap vi. 跳跃447. modify vt. 修改448. nylon n. 尼龙449. onion n. 洋葱450. powder n. 粉末高频词汇第四十五组451. applicable a. 可应用的,适当的452. applicant n. 申请人453. breadth n. 宽度454. conservation n. 保存,保护455. conservative a. 保守的456. parallel n. 平行线；可相比拟的事物457. passion n. 热情458. passive a. 被动的,消极的459. pat v. /n. 轻拍,轻打460. peak n. 山峰,顶点高频词汇第四十六组461. phenomenon n. 现象462. reluctant a. 不情愿的,勉强的463. rely vi. (on ,upon)依赖,指望464. relevant a. 有关的,切题的465. reliable a. 可靠的466. relief n. 轻松,宽慰；减轻467. reputation n. 名气,声誉468. rescue vt. /n. 营救469. triangle n. 三角（形）470. sequence n. 连续；顺序高频词汇第四十七组471. shallow a. 浅的472. shiver vi/n. 发抖473. shrug v. /n. 耸肩474. signature n. 签名475. sincere a. 诚挚的,真诚的476. utility n. 功用,效用477. utilize vt. 利用478. utter vt. 说出a. 完全的,彻底的479. variation n. 变化,变动480. vehicle n. 交通工具,车辆高频词汇第四十八组481. applause n. 鼓掌,掌声482. appliance n. 器具,器械483. consent n. 准许,同意vi (to)准许,同意484. conquer vt. 征服485. defect n. 缺点,缺陷486. delicate a. 易碎的；娇弱的；精美的487. evolve v. 演变488. evolution n. 演变,进化489. frown v. /n. 皱眉490. frustrate vt. 使沮丧高频词汇第四十九组491. guarantee vt. /n. 保证492. guilty a. 内疚的；有罪的493. jealous a. 妒忌的494. jeans n. 牛仔裤495. liquor n. 酒,烈性酒496. liter/litre n. 升497. modest a. 谦虚道498. molecule n. 分子499. orbit n. 轨道v. （绕. . . ）作轨道运行500. participate v. (in)参与,参加高频词汇第五十组501. particle n. 微粒502. particularly ad. 特别,尤其503. respond vi. 回答,答复；反应504. response n. 回答,答复；反应505. sensible a. 明智的506. sensitive a. 敏感到,灵敏的507. tremble vi. 颤抖508. tremendous a. 巨大的；精彩的509. trend n. 趋向,倾向510. trial n. 审讯；试验高频词汇第五十一组511. apparent a. 显然的,明白的512. appetite n. 胃口；欲望513. deposit n. 存款,定金v. 存放,储蓄514. deputy n. 副职,代表515. derive vt. 取得,得到；(from)起源于516. descend v. 下来,下降517. missile n. 导弹518. mission n. 使命；代表团519. mist n. 薄雾520. noticeable a. 显而易见到高频词汇第五十二组521. notify vt. 通知,告知522. notion n. 概念；意图,想法523. resemble vt. 像,类似于524. reveal vt. 揭露525. revenue n. 收入,岁入；税收526. shelter n. 掩蔽处；住所527. shield n. 防护物,盾vt. 保护,防护528. vital a. 重要的；致命的,生命的529. vitally ad. 极度,非常；致命地530. urban a. 城市的高频词汇第五十三组531. urge vt. 鼓励,激励532. urgent a. 急迫的,紧急得533. usage n. 使用,用法536. violet a. 紫色的537. weed n. 杂草,野草538. welfare n. 福利539. whatsoever ad. （用于否定句）任何540. whereas conj. 然而,但是,尽管高频词汇第五十四组541. essential a. 必不可少的；本质的542. estimate n. /vt. 估计,估量543. evaluate vt. 评估,评价544. exceed vt. 超过,越出545. exceedingly ad. 非常,极其546. exclaim v. 呼喊,大声说547. exclude vt. 把. . . 排斥在外,不包括548. exclusive a. 读有的,排他的549. excursion n. 远足550. flash vi. 闪光,闪耀高频词汇第五十五组551. flee vi. 逃走552. flexible a. 易弯曲的553. flock n. 羊群,（鸟兽等）一群；一伙人554. hardware n. 五金器具555. harmony n. 融洽556. haste n. 急速,急忙557. hatred n. 憎恶,憎恨558. incident n. 事件,事变559. index n. 索引,标志560. infant n. 婴儿高频词汇第五十六组561. infect v. 传染562. inferior a. 劣等的,次的,下级的563. infinite a. 无限的564. ingredient n. 组成部分565. inhabitant n. 居民566. jail n. 监狱567. jam n. 果酱；拥挤,堵塞568. jewel n. 宝石569. joint a. 连接的；共同的570. junior a. 年少的；资历较浅的高频词汇第五十七组571. laser n. 激光572. launch vt. 发动,发起573. luxury n. 奢侈；奢侈品574. magnet n. 磁铁,磁体577. manual a. 用手的,手工做的n. 手册578. manufacture vt. /n. 制造,加工579. marine a. 海的；海产的580. mutual a. 相互的高频词汇第五十八组581. naked a. 裸露的582. negative a. 否定的,消极的583. neglect vt. 忽视,忽略584. origin n. 起源,出身585. oval a. 椭圆形的n. 椭圆形586. outset n. 开始,开端587. presumably ad. 大概,可能588. prevail vi. 流行,盛行589. quit v. 停止590. quotation n. 引文,引语高频词汇第五十九组591. recreation n. 娱乐活动592. recruit vt. 招募,吸收（新成员）593. rival n. 竞争对手,敌手594. shuttle n. 梭子；航天飞机595. skim vt. 搬（去）,掠过；浏览596. sketch n. 草图；梗概597. slender a. 苗条的,修长的598. theme n. 主题599. textile n. 纺织品600. tropical a. 热带的,炎热的高频词汇第六十组601. kneel vi. 跪602. label n. 标签604. mere a. 仅仅的,只不过的；纯粹的605. nuisance n. 令人讨厌的东西（或人）606. numerous a. 众多的,许多的607. parade n. /v. 列队行进608. pants [pl. ] n. 长裤；内裤609. partial a. 部分的610. passport n. 护照高频词汇第六十一组611. prescribe vt. 开药,吩咐采用. . . 疗法612. primitive a. 原始的,早期的613. ridge n. 脊,山脊,埂614. ridiculous a. 可笑的,荒漠的615. rigid a. 严格的；僵硬的616. withstand vt. 经受,承受617. witness n. 目击者；证据vt. 注意到；证明618. withdraw v. 收回,撤销619. slippery a. 滑的620. smash vt. 粉碎,打烂高频词汇第六十二组621. snap n. /vt. 折断,拉断；快照622. software n. 软件623. solar a. 太阳的624. lunar a. 月的,月球的625. submerge vi. 潜入水中626. submit vi. (to)屈服,听从627. timber n. 木材,原木628. tissue n. 组织；薄纱,手巾纸629. title n. 题目,标题630. tone n. 语气,音调高频词汇第六十三组631. drift vi. 漂,漂流632. drip n. 滴633. durable a. 耐用的,持久的634. duration n. 持续,持续期间635. dusk n. 黄昏,薄暮636. leather n. 皮革637. legislation n. 法律,法规；立法638. leisure n. 闲暇；悠闲639. loose a. 松的,宽松的640. loosen v. 解开,放松高频词汇第六十四组641. earnest a. 认真的,诚挚的642. earthquake n. 地震643. echo n. 回音,回声644. elaborate a. 精心设计的,复杂的645. elastic n. 橡皮圈（带）a. 有弹性的646. elbow n. 肘647. electron n. 电子648. volcano n. 火山649. volume n. 卷,册；体积,容量650. fatigue n. 疲劳,劳累高频词汇第六十五组651. faulty a. 有错误的,有缺点的652. favorable a. 称赞道；有利的,顺利的653. favorite a. 特别受喜欢的n. 喜爱的人或物654. gallery n. 画廊655. gallon n. 加仑656. gap n. 间隔,差距657. garbage n. 垃圾,废物658. gaze v. 凝视,注视659. gear n. 齿轮,传动装置660. gene n. 基因高频词汇第六十六组661. lest conj. 唯恐,免得662. liable a. 可能的,大概的；(to)易于. . . 的663. liberal a. 自由的664. liberty n. 自由665. license /license n. 许可证,执照666. moisture n. 潮湿667. motivate vt. 激励,激发668. motive n. 动机,目的669. generate vt. 生成,产生（光、热、电等）670. genius n. 天才,天赋高频词汇第六十七组671. genuine a. 真的,真诚的672. gasoline n. 汽油673. germ n. 微生物,细菌674. gesture n. 姿势,手势675. giant a. 巨大的n. 巨人,巨物676. glimpse n. 一瞥,一看677. glory n. 光荣,荣誉678. glorious n. 光荣的,极好的679. golf n. 高尔夫球运动680. hydrogen n. 氢高频词汇第六十八组681. oxygen n. 氧682. hostile a. 敌对的,敌意大683. household n. 家庭,户684. hook n. 钩685. holy a. 神圣地,圣洁的686. hint n. 暗示,示意687. hesitate v. 犹豫688. highlight vt. 强调,突出689. hence ad. 因此,所以；今后,从此690. herd n. 兽群,牧群。
高三英语一轮复习阅读理解同义替换重点动词(短语)清单
高考英语阅读法宝同义替换重点动词(短语)book 预定=reserve=orderconduct 执行，做=carry out=do =perform=undertakeacknowledge 承认= accept, admit, recognizeacquire 获得，得到= get, win, earn, gain, obtainapprove 同意= agree, subscribe toarrange 安排，筹备= schedule, organizeaccount for 造成，导致= cause, lead to, result in, bring about, contribute to attend 参加= join in, take part in, participate in, engage in, involve oneself in acplish 完成= achieve, plete, fulfilacmodate 为…提供住宿= house(动词), put sb. up(留某人住在家中) admire 欣赏= appreciateassess 评定，评估，估算表示= estimate, evaluateappreciate 意识到= realize, recognize, be aware of欣赏，赏识=enjoy, admire感激，感谢= be grateful for, be thankful forboost 增强= improve, increase, enhancebattle 奋斗，搏斗="struggle, fightprehend 理解= understand, make sense ofcontent 使满足，使满意= satisfy，pleasecontain 容纳= hold contain oneself 克制自己convince 使相信= persuadement 评论= remark, observecaution 警告= warncriticize 批评，指责= blame, charge, accusedeclare 宣布= announcedemonstrate 表现，显露= show, display, illustrate, indicate distribute 分发= hand out, give outdecline 减少，下降= reduce, decrease, lessen, shrink, lower婉言拒绝= refuse, rejectdismiss 解雇= fire, kick... out(of sth. ) , lay offexpress 表达= convey, showexpose 暴露，揭露= reveal, uncoverencounter 意外地遇见= run into, e acrossfuel 增强，刺激，加强= boostgrade 分级，给……评分= rank, score, markgrasp 抓紧= take a firm hold of, catch, seize, grabinspire 激励，鼓舞，激发= encourage, motivate, stimulate ignore 忽视= neglect, overlook, disregardinspect 检查，查看= examine, check (out)identify 识别= recognize, tell... from..., distinguish... from... instruct 命令= order, mand, directinterrupt 打断，使中断= cut in(on)master 掌握=learn, grasp, have a good mand ofmaintain 维持，保持= keep, stay, remain, preserve promote 推动，促进= advance, further, forwardprohibit 禁止，阻止= forbid, ban, bar, prevent, discourage preserve 保护= protect, defend, guard, safeguard, shelter, secure strengthen 加强=enhance=reinforceguarantee 保证=ensure=make surepurchase 买= buyreject 拒绝= refuse, decline, deny, turn down，object torise 起床，起身= get up, ariserelieve 减轻，缓解= ease, lessenremend 推荐，建议= advise, suggest, proposereflect 反映= mirror(作动词)stress 强调，看重= emphasize, highlightsharpen 提高，改善= develop, improve , perfect, polish up spot 发现，看见= notice, seesubstitute 代替= replace, take the place ofseek 试图= try, attemptspoil 破坏= ruin, damage，destroy，hurt，harm，break treasure珍视= value, attach great importance to, cherish transform 使改变形态= change, switchtolerate 容忍，忍受= bear, stand, endure, put up withtease 取笑，捉弄= play jokes on, play tricks on, make fun oftrick 欺骗= cheat, fool, take inurge 敦促，催促= push, press, force, driveundertake 承担(责任等) = assume, shoulder, take on delay 推迟=put off，postponecancel 取消，去掉= call off，abolish，withdraw，remove connect 联系=link，relate，associate，bondincrease 增加=multiply，rocket，add，plus，double appear 出现，产生=e into being/existence，show up calculate 计算出=figure out=work out=make outhandle 解决=settle，deal with，cope with，address，solve hate厌烦=be fed up with，be bored with，be tired of construct 建= build，set up，establish，foundfunction as 起…作用，作为=act as，serve askeep in touch with 联系，了解动态=contact=keep track of glare 看=stare=peer，observe，glimpse，glance，notice be made up of 由…组成=consist of，be posed of choose 挑选=select，elect，pick out，vote，alternate represent 代表=stand for，(be) on behalf of。
高考英语 阅读常见同义替换
阅读选项66对经典替换词详解Unit 11. bring about/result in/lead to/contribute to/account for/cause/make for A2. result from=arise from3. in particular=particularly=especially in peace=peacefullyin silence=silently in harmony=harmoniously in part=partly in evidence=evidently4. be accused of=be charged with5. in advance=ahead of time=ahead of schedule6. put forward=come up with7. at random= randomly8. object to doing something =oppose to doing something=be opposed to doing something =raise an objection to doing something9. support=be in favor of=favor=subscribe to=side with10.date back to=date from=be traced to =be traced back to11.on behalf of=represent; symbolizeUnit 212.on top of/apart from/aside from=besides=moreover=furthermore=in addition =as well as except=but 13.a variety of+n. = varieties of+n. =various+n.=all kinds of=all sorts of14.make full use of=make the most(best) of= take advantage of15.show up=turn up=appearshow offsport =to have or wear sth in a proud way16.cause sb to participate in sth=involve sb in sth17.be related to= be associated with= belinked to=be connected with跟...有关18.put off doing=delay doing=postpone doing19.approach=deal with=cope with=handle=tackle20.have an effect/impact/influence on=affect21.an approach to doing sth.=a way of doing sth.=a way to do sth.=How to do sth.22.consist of=be made up of=be composed ofA class consisting of 50 students=A class made up of 50 students Unit 323.on one's own=by oneself=alone=independently24.be aware/conscious of-realize=recognizeawareness=consciousness-sense25.escape from=flee26.at the same time=meanwhile27.replace B with A=substitute A for B=take the place of B28.resemble=look like=be similar to =bear a resemblance tobe identical toidentityidentify29.at hand=handy=convenient 30.account for=make up=take up=occupy31.be accessible to=be available to32.be drunk with=be addicted to =be hooked on=be obsessed withbe absorbed in = be lost in33.be consistent with =be in line with=correspond to= agree with=consist with=conforn to-comply withdiffer from=be different fromtell the difference between A and B=make a distinction between A andB=tell/distinguish A from BUnit 434.manage to do something=succeed in doing something35.to be honest/frank/strict=honestly/frankly/strictly speakingto be precise=precisely speaking36.as soon as=upon/on doing37.make fun of=laugh|at=tease=mock38.be responsible for=take responsibility for=answer for=be liable for responsibility=liability39.be tired/sick of=be bored with=be fed up with40.have an edge/advantage over=be superior to= be better than... be inferior to=be worse than41.the remaining money=the money left42.face sth=be faced with sthfacing sth=faced with sth（状语）Confront something=be confronted with She was confronted with severe money problems43.beyond belief=incredible=unbelievable44.treat sb badly=abuse sb=maltreat sbUnit 545.convince sb=make sb convincedconvinced convincingI am strongly convinced that=I strongly believe that..…46.be unaware of=be unconscious of=fail to notice= overlook = ignore = neglect =disregard47.take pride in=be proud of48.be dressed in something=wear something49.burst into tears=burst out cryingburst into laughter-burst out laughing50.stress /underline/ emphasize=place/put great emphasis on = attach great importance to51.look after=take care of=attend to52.seek=look for=search for...=be in search of53.starve to death=die of hunger/starvation54.sth benefit sb=sth be beneficial to sb=sth be of benefit to sb=sb benefit from sthpensate for=make up forUnit 6mit oneself to doing=promise to docommit crime commit suicidedevote...to doing something=dedicate....to doing something57.sth kill sb=sth cost sb the life=claim one's life58.matter/count/be important/be significant/be crucial/be critical/be vital / be essential59. be tired out= be worn out= be exhausted= be burnt out= be weary60.catch on.= be popular-be fashionable=in fashion=in stylebe unfashionable =out of fashion=out of style61.now and then=sometimes=occasionally62.make one's dream come true=realize/fulfill/achieve/accomplish one's dream63.be able to do sth.= be capable of sth.abilitycapabilitycapacityfacultye up= run out of... run out= give out= be used up Give out（散发放出，停止运行）65.most of the people=the majority of the peoplethe minority of。
高中英语阅读理解答题236个高频同义转换词速记
高中英语阅读理解答题236个高频同义转换词速记名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的从句，使用名词性从句可以使表达更加丰富、地道。
（一）主语从句：It做形式主语/What引导的主语从句功能：为避免头重脚轻，英语中习惯将真正的主语放在句尾，句首用it作形式主语。
What引导的主语从句常用作句型：最令某人印象深刻/吃惊/震惊的是......e.g.:1.It suddenly occurred to him that the family inside was in danger.2.What impressed him most is that his mother never lost faith in finding him.句子练习：1.我从未想到我们学校的篮球队会在决赛中败北。
It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.2.我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
It struck me all of a sudden that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.3.重要的是，我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情。
It is important that we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.4.据说学习中心会提供帮助给像我这样的学生。
It is said that the Learning Center provides help for students like me.5.他是否能参加这次活动还不确定。
It is uncertain whether he can take part in the activity or not.6.众所周知，有志者事竟成。
高中英语50个高级替换词汇
1. devote 替换 spendHe spends all his spare time in reading.→ He devotes all his spare time to reading.2. seek 替换 wantThey sought (wanted) to hide themselves behind the trees. 3. average替换 ordinaryI’m an average (ordinary) student.4. be worn out 替换 be tiredAfter five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).5. be supposed to 替换 shouldHe is supposed to (should) have driven more slowly.6. appreciate 替换 thankThank you very much for your help.→ We appreciate your help very much.7. the case 替换 trueI don’t think it is the case (true).8. on 替换 as soon asOn his arrival (As soon as he arrived), he began his research.9. due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to (because of) the storm.10. cover 替换 walkAfter covering (walking)10 miles, we all felt tired.11. contribute to替换 be helpful / usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.→ Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.12. round the corner替换 coming soon / nearbyThe summer vacation is round the corner (coming)Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).13. come up with 替换 think ofJack often comes up with (thinks of) good ideas.14. set aside 替换 saveSome students think that they should set aside (save) some of their pocket money for books.15. be of +n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (are very good) and are sold everywhere in China.16. more often than not替换 usuallyMore often than not (usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.17. more than 替换 veryIf there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than (very) glad to help.18. the other day 替换 a few days agoThe other day (A few days ago) my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.19. in the course of 替换 duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-training, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.20. the majority of 替换 mostThe majority of (Most of) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.褒义形容词篇重要的(important)21. vital['vaɪt(ə)l]【例句】She had found out some information of vital importance. 【翻译】她已经发现了一些至关重要的信。
高考英语素材积累之高分同义词组替换清单
2025届高考英语素材积累之高分同义词组替换清单一、词汇替换1. 许多：a lot of / lots of →numerous / a great number of / a large quantity of2. 非常：very →extremely / highly / quite / rather3. 重要的：important →crucial / essential / significant / vital4. 美丽的：beautiful →pretty / handsome / lovely / attractive5. 好的：good →excellent / wonderful / fantastic / great6. 困难的：difficult →hard / tough / challenging7.有趣的：interesting →amusing / entertaining / fascinating8. 高兴的：happy →joyful / delighted / pleased9. 伤心的：sad →unhappy / sorrowful / heartbroken10. 经常：often →frequently / regularly / usually11. 立即：immediately →at once / right away / instantly12. 最后：finally →in the end / eventually13.因为：because →since / as / due to14. 所以：so →therefore / thus / consequently15. 然而：however →nevertheless / yet / but16. 例如：for example →such as / for instance17. 实际上：in fact →actually / really18. 首先：first →firstly / at first / in the first place19. 其次：second →secondly / next20. 此外：besides / in addition →moreover / furthermore21. 相反：on the contrary →instead / rather than22. 总之：in conclusion / in summary →to sum up / all in all23. 喜欢：like →love / enjoy / be fond of24.讨厌：hate →dislike / be tired of25. 认为：think →believe / consider / regard26. 解决：solve →resolve / deal with / handle27. 帮助：help →assist / aid28. 显示：show →demonstrate / display / illustrate29. 得到：get →obtain / acquire / gain30. 给予：give →offer / provide / supply31. 增加：increase →raise / grow / expand32. 减少：decrease →reduce / lower / diminish33. 提高：improve →enhance / boost / develop34. 降低：lower →reduce / decrease / drop35. 保持：keep →maintain / retain / hold36. 停止：stop →cease / halt / quit37. 开始：start →begin / commence38. 继续：continue →go on / carry on / proceed39. 完成：finish →complete / accomplish / achieve40. 努力：try →attempt / endeavor / strive一、词汇替换1. good →excellent / wonderful / fantastic / great / superb / marvelous2. bad →terrible / awful / horrible / poor / lousy3. happy →joyful / delighted / pleased / content / cheerful4. sad →unhappy / sorrowful / depressed / heartbroken / miserable5. big →large / huge / enormous / massive / gigantic6. small →little / tiny / petite / minute / microscopic7. beautiful →pretty / handsome / lovely / attractive / gorgeous8. ugly →hideous / frightful / repulsive / unsightly9. fast →quick / rapid / swift / speedy10. slow →slowly / leisurely / sluggish / tardy11. easy →simple / effortless / straightforward / uncomplicated12. difficult →hard / tough / challenging / arduous13. old →ancient / old-fashioned / outdated / elderly14. new →brand new / fresh / novel / up-to-date15. rich →wealthy / affluent / prosperous / well-off16. poor →impoverished / needy / destitute / penniless17. many →numerous / a lot of / lots of / plenty of18. few →a few / several / some / a little19. important →vital / crucial / essential / significant20. unimportant →trivial / insignificant / unessential / minor二、词组替换1. a lot of →lots of / a great deal of / a large number of / a multitude of2. in the morning →early in the morning / at dawn / in the early hours3. in the afternoon →in the late afternoon / in the evening / at dusk4. like doing sth. →enjoy doing sth. / be fond of doing sth. / be keen on doing sth.5. want to do sth. →would like to do sth. / feel like doing sth. / intend to do sth.6. be good at →do well in / be proficient in / have a good command of7. thank you →thanks / many thanks / thanks a lot / thank you very much8. you're welcome →don't mention it / it's my pleasure / no problem9. very much →a lot / very well / extremely / highly10. of course →certainly / surely / definitely / without doubt11. in fact →actually / really / in reality / as a matter of fact12. for example →such as / for instance / like13. and →as well as / in addition to / besides / moreover14. but →however / yet / nevertheless / on the contrary15. because →since / as / due to / because of16. so →therefore / thus / consequently / as a result17. first →firstly / at first / in the first place18. second →secondly / next / then19. finally →in the end / eventually / at last20. now →at present / currently / nowadays三、词句替换1. It is important to do sth. →It is of great importance to do sth. / Doing sth. is of vital importance.2. I like reading books. →I am fond of reading books. / Reading books is my favorite activity.3. She is a beautiful girl. →She is a pretty / lovely / attractive girl.4. He runs very fast. →He runs at a great speed. / He is a very fast runner.5. The weather is nice today. →The weather is fine / pleasant / lovely today.6. I am very tired. →I am extremely exhausted / worn out / fatigued.7. This book is very interesting. →This book is extremely fascinating / absorbing / engaging.8. He is a good student. →He is an excellent / outstanding / top student.9. I often go to school by bus. →I usually take the bus to school.10. She speaks English very well. →She is fluent in English. / She has a good command of English.。
高考英语高频词替换词
高考常用词汇总结
9“抓” take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠、挠 10“打” hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击
strike突然的击打/突然想到 blow吹刮 attack攻击 11“扔” throw 扔
drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇
discuss debate辩论 declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认 deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍 complain抱怨
高考常用词汇总结
3.“叫” cry call shout scream sigh叹息 quarrel
skip 单腿跳 slip溜 enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑 fly飞 crawl 匍匐前进
16“坐” sit down
be seated =seat oneself= take a seat
stand站，耸立
lean斜靠
17“睡/休息”
lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach
高考常用词汇总结
1.“看” look see watch catch sight of stare瞪着 glare怒视 glimpse瞥见 observe观察 notice
高考常用词汇总结
2“说”
tell talk say speak
inform persuade bargain chat repeat explain warn remind
高考常用词汇总结
29建议/观点 advice/ suggestion proposal view recommendation 30.文章 reading /translation/ essay /poem
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认为：think / consider / believe / insist / hold
保护：protect / secure / preserve
展示：show / reveal / illustrate / present
预定：book / reserve
偶尔，有时：now and then / at times / occasionally
每天：day in and day out / every day
仅仅：only / merely
目前：at present / nowadays / recently
最后：finally / eventually / ultimately
短缺：shortage / slack
方法：method / way / approach
财富，财产：wealth / fortune / property
原因：reason / factor
好运：luck / fortune
联系;关联：connection / link
画像：picture / image
阅读高频替换词汇
1.名词
担忧：worry / concern
影响：influence / impact
难题：problem / issue
拉圾：litter / rubbish / garbage / trash
住所：house / shelter
人：people / individual / person / human
感谢：thank / appreciate
确信：make sure / ensure
损害：damage / hurt / injure / harm / destroy
致力于：be devoted to / be committed to
允许某人做某事：give sb. permission to do sth. / allow sb. to do sth.
勇敢的：brave / fearless / courageous
艰难的：difficult / tough / challenging
传统的：traditional / conventional
最初的：initial / original
普通的;平常的：ordinary / common
进一步的：follow-up / next
推迟：put off / delay
转换：switch / transform / shift
区分：tell sth. or sb. apart / distinguish
禁止：forbid / ban / prohibit
由...构成：be made up of / be composed of / consist of
专心致志于：put one's heart into / be absorbed in / be bent on /
be buried in
发生：take place / occur
坚持：stick to / persevere
计划：plan / intend
重建：rebuild / restart
导致：lead to / cause / give rise to / result in / bring
提高：improve / enhance / promote
与⋯有联系：connect with / associate with
得到：get / acquire / obtain / receive / earn
悲伤的：sad / depressed / frustrated / disappointed
基本的：fundamental / basic / essential
充足的；富裕的;富有的：rich / plentiful / generous / abundant
主要的：primary / main
大约：approximately / almost / about / around / nearly / roughly
经常，总是：frequently / constantly / always
事实上：as a matter of fact / practically / in practice / in reality /
起先：firstly / originally / initially
肯定地：certainly / definitely / undoubtedly / obviously / apparently
立刻：right now / immediately / shortly / right away
平稳地：steadily / smoothly
发展：development / advance / progress / growth / improvement
困难：difficulty / barrier / challenge / trouble
优势：advantage / virtue / benefit / strength
缺陷：disadvantage / drawback / weakness
确保：ensure / guarantee / make sure
保持：keep / maintain
暴露：reveal / expose
改变：change / transform
建立：build / establish / set up
拥有：have / possess / own
表达：express / convey
粗鲁的：rude / impolite
怀疑的：doubtful / skeptical
最便宜的：the least expensive / the cheapest
巨大的：big / enormous / vast / massive / huge
好的：fantastic / outstanding / remarkable
故事：tale / story
渴望：eagerness / desire
革新：revolution / innovation
高兴：joy / entertainment
建议：suggestion / proposal
目标：target / goal / aim / purpose
机会：chance / opportunity
解决：solve / deal with / resolve
加速：speed up / accelerate /
降低至：fall to / decline to / decrease to / drop to
消除：clear / remove
给子：give / offer / provide / supply
聪明的：clever / smart / gifted / sharp-minded
穷的：in poverty / poor / needy
重要的：important / significant / essential / critical / vital / crucial
神圣的：sacred / holy
少量的：a small number of / a handful of
合理的：reasonable / sensible / sound
开心的：happy / cheerful / delightful / thrilled
有害的：harmful / damaging
生气的：angry / annoyed
出名的：famous / well-known
严重的：serious / severe
显然的：obvious / apparent / evident / clear
有益的：useful / helpful / beneficial / rewarding / profitable
新的：new / fresh / brand new / novel
维持：sustain / support / maintain
承担责任：shoulder, undertake one's duty / be responsible for /
take responsibility
增加：be on the rise / increase / multiply
尽力做某事：do sth. to the best of one's ability / try one's best to do sth. spare no effort to do sth. / make every effort to do sth
促使：contribute / push / drive
把...归咎于：put...down to / blame
更关心：care more about / pay close attention to
容纳：accommodate / hold
希望：want / desire
减少：reduce / cut / save
开设：start / run
集中（注意力）：concentrate / focus
提倡：propose / advocate
鼓励；激发：encourage / motivate
阻止：prevent / stop
相似：look like / resemble
抵挡：stand up to / resist / oppose
采取措施：take action / take measure / take steps