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Texas Instruments SLUU068C 用户指南说明书

IMPORTANT NOTICETexas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. T esting and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components. T o minimize the risks associated with customer products and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third−party products or services does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof. Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties, conditions, limitations, and notices. Reproduction of this information with alteration is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for such altered documentation.Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that product or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI product or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements.Mailing Address:Texas InstrumentsPost Office Box 655303Dallas, Texas 75265Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments IncorporatedEVM IMPORTANT NOTICETexas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions:This evaluation kit being sold by TI is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to be fit for commercial use. As such, the goods being provided may not be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including product safety measures typically found in the end product incorporating the goods. As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union directive on electromagnetic compatibility and therefore may not meet the technical requirements of the directive.Should this evaluation kit not meet the specifications indicated in the EVM User’s Guide, the kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY SELLER TO BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user indemnifies TI from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods. Please be aware that the products received may not be regulatory compliant or agency certified (FCC, UL, CE, etc.). Due to the open construction of the product, it is the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic discharge.EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THE INDEMNITY SET FORTH ABOVE, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.TI currently deals with a variety of customers for products, and therefore our arrangement with the user is not exclusive.TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of patents or services described herein.Please read the EVM User’s Guide and, specifically, the EVM Warnings and Restrictions notice in the EVM User’s Guide prior to handling the product. This notice contains important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For further safety concerns, please contact the TI application engineer.Persons handling the product must have electronics training and observe good laboratory practice standards. No license is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any machine, process, or combination in which such TI products or services might be or are used.Mailing Address:Texas InstrumentsPost Office Box 655303Dallas, Texas 75265Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments IncorporatedEVM WARNINGS AND RESTRICTIONSIt is important to operate this EVM within the input voltage range of 85 V to 265 V and the output voltage of 12 V +/− 5%.Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible damage to the EVM. If there are questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI field representative prior to connecting the input power.Applying loads outside of the specified output range may result in unintended operation and/or possible permanent damage to the EVM. Please consult the EVM User’s Guide prior to connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load specification, please contact a TI field representative.During normal operation, some circuit components may have case temperatures greater than 50°C. The EVM is designed to operate properly with certain components above 50°C as long as the input and output ranges are maintained. These components include but are not limited to linear regulators, switching transistors, pass transistors, and current sense resistors. These types of devices can be identified using the EVM schematic located in the EVM User’s Guide. When placing measurement probes near these devices during operation, please be aware that these devices may be very warm to the touch.Mailing Address:Texas InstrumentsPost Office Box 655303Dallas, Texas 75265Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments IncorporatedContentsContents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1General Information1-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.1Features1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.2Description1-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3Operating Guidelines1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3.1Step 1. Load Connections1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3.2Step2. Applying Input Power1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3.3Step 3. Evaluating the Demonstration’s Boards Performance.1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.3.4Additional Information1-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.4DM38500 EVM Performance1-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2Reference2-1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.1DM38500 EVM Part Descriptions2-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2DM38500 Board Layouts2-4Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1−1.DM38500 Evaluation Module Application Schematic1-4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1−2.DM38500 EVM Response, VCC = +15 V1-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1−3.DM38500 Response, VCC = +15 V1-5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1−4.DM38500 Response, VCC = +15 V1-6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2−1.DM38500 EVM PC Board: Top Assembly2-4Chapter 1GeneralInformationThis chapter details the Texas Instruments (TI) DM38500 PFC/PWM Combination Controller 100W Power Factor Correction Preregulator Evaluation Module (EVM) SLUU068. It includes a list of EVM features, a brief description of the module illustrated with a pictorial, schematic diagrams, and EVM specifications.Topic Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.1Features1−2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.2Description1−2 1.3Operating Guidelines1−3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.4DM38500 EVM Performance1−5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .General Information1-1Features1.1FeaturesUCC38500 PFC/PWM Combination Controller 100W Power Factor Correc-tion Preregulator include:J Combines PFC and 2nd Stage Down Converter ControlsJ Controls Boost Preregulator to Near-unity Power FactorJ Accurate Power LimitingJ Improved Feedforward Line RegulationJ Peak Current Mode Control in Second StageJ Programmable OscillatorJ Leading Edge/Trailing Edge Modulation for Reduced Output RippleJ Low Startup Supply CurrentJ Synchronized Second Stage with Programmable Soft-startJ Programmable Second Stage Shut-down1.2DescriptionThe UCC38500 provides all the functions necessary for active power factorcorrection and a second stage dc-to-dc converter all in one integrated circuit.The control IC uses leading edge modulation for the boost stage and trailingedge modulation for the step down converter to reduce the RMS current in theboost capacitor. The dc-to-dc controller uses peak current mode control foreasy loop compensation.The UCC38500 evaluation board is designed to illustrate the performance ofthe IC in a complete off-line 100W two-stage power converter using power fac-tor correction. The demonstration board was designed to operate with a uni-versal input voltage range (i.e. 85−265 Vac) with a regulated 12V dc output.CautionHigh-voltage levels are present on the evaluation module whenever it isenergized. Proper precautions must be taken when working with theEVM. The output capacitor has high levels of energy storage and it mustbe discharged before the load is removed. Serious injury can occur ifproper safety precautions are not followed.1-2Description1-3General Information 1.3Operating GuidelinesThe operating guidelines for the evaluation board are provided with reference to the schematic in Figure 1−1 and the component layout in Figure 2−1.1.3.1Step 1. Load ConnectionsA resistive or electronic load can be applied to the output terminals labeled OUT− and OUT+.Note: For safety reasons the load should be connected before power is sup-plied to the demonstration board.1.3.2Step2. Applying Input PowerA 60 Hz AC power source not exceeding 265 V RMS needs be applied across terminals AC−N and AC−L for proper operation.1.3.3Step 3. Evaluating the Demonstration’s Boards Performance.With the AC source set between 85−265 V RMS the output voltage should be regulated and the input current should track the input voltage shape with near unity power factor. The operation of the circuit is verified over the line and load range and shows efficiency as high as 85%. At lighter loads, there may be some distortion in the line current due to Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) operation. Please refer to Figures 1−2, 1−3 and 1−4 for typical EVM performance.1.3.4Additional InformationFor more information, pin description and specifications for the UCC38500PFC/PWM Combination Controller, please refer to the datasheet or contact the Texas Instruments Semiconductor Product Information Center at 1-800-336-5236 or 1-972-644-5580. Product Information can also be found on the World Wide Web at .Description1-4Figure 1−1.DM38500 Evaluation Module Application SchematicUDG−000941210952611137843116171518191420O V P /E N B L V S E N S E V A O U T I S E N S E M O U TC A O U T I A C V F FP K L I M I T V R E F G T 1G T 2V C C C T R T G N D P W R G N D S S 2V E R R I S E N S E 2U C C 38500V R E FQ 5R 25V C CR 7R 6G T 1G T 2D 10D 9C 27P K L I M I TC 28R 17C 19C 22R 28C 25R 23R 34R 21R 22R 33R 20C 2R 15R 5L 1D 3D 1G T 1R 14R 29P K L I M I TR 19C 26V R E F R 18R 24C 29C 30I S E N S E 2G T 2R 13R 2C 5P W R G N D G T 212 V 100 W +−L 2T 1Q 2Q 1Q 3D 11V A C 85−265V R M SD 6D 4T 2D 8U 4C 7S G N DS G N D S G N DP G N D 2P G N DP G N DP G N DP G N DS G N D P G N D D 5D 7C 12C 20L 1V C C B I A S C I R C U I TV C CV C C B I A S C I R C U I TP G N D C 23P G N D 2P G N D 2R 26D 14R 36R 16C 14R 35R 32R 27D 13R 31C 8R 30R 10R 12R 11C 21C 16C 3P G N D C 24D 2R 1C 4C 18R 4D 15D 12D 16A C −NA C −LO U T +O U T −V R E FR 3R 39C 13I S E N S E 2C 17H 11A V 1321456U 3S G N D C 6C 38H I G H V O L T A G E −S E E E V M W A R N I N G S A N D R E S T R I C T I O N SH I G H T E M P E R A T U R E −S E E E V M W A R N I N G S A N D R E S T R I C T I O N SH I G H V O L T A G E −S E E E V M W A R N I N G S A N D R E S T R I C T I O N S H I G H T E M P E R A T U R E −S E E E V M W A R N I N G S A N D R E S T R I C T I O N S Note: High-Voltage component. See EVM Warnings and Restrictions at the back of this document. Note: High-T emperature component. See EVM Warnings and Restrictions at the back of this document.DM38500 EVM Performance1-5General Information 1.4DM38500 EVM PerformanceFigure 1−2 through 1−4 shows the typical evaluation module performance.Figure 1−2.DM38500 EVM EfficiencyUCC38500 EFFICIENCYvsOUTPUT POWER 505560657075808590201040306050807090100V IN = 85 VV IN = 175 VV IN = 265 VP OUT − WE f f i c i e n c y −%Figure 1−3.DM38500 Power FactorUCC38500 PFvsOUTPUT POWERP OUT − WP o w e r F a c t o r0.852010403060508070901000.900.951.00V IN = 85 V V IN = 175 VV IN = 265 VDM38500 EVM Performance1-6Figure 1−4.DM38500 Total Harmonic Distortion5101520253020104030605080709010035UCC38500 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTIONvsOUTPUT POWERP OUT − WT o t a l H a r m o n i c D i s t o r t i o nV IN = 85 VV IN = 175 VV IN = 265 V2-1ReferenceReferenceThis chapter includes a parts list and PCB layout illustrations for the DM38500EVM.TopicPage2.1DM38500 EVM Part Descriptions 2−2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2DM38500 Board Layouts 2−4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chapter 2DM38500 EVM Part Descriptions2-22.1DM38500 EVM Part DescriptionsTable 2−1.DM38500 Part DescriptionsDescriptionReference Qty Value/Type Number Manufacturer Part Number C12, C20,C293 1 µF, 50 V, polypropylene Panasonic ECQ−V1H105JL C13147 pF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S2A470JCA C7, C16,C14310 nF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H103JCB C17, C382100 pF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H101JCA C191 2.2 nF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H222JCB C21470 nF, 400 V, polypropylenePanasonic ECQ−E4474KZ C211680 pF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H681JCB CapacitorsC221390 pF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H391JCA C241100 pF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H101JCA C251150 nF, 50 V, ceramicPanasonic ECU−S1H154KBB C26147 nF, 600 V, polypropylene Panasonic ECQ−E6473KF C27, C182100 pF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H105KBB C28, C232 2.2 µF, 50 V, ceramicPanasonic ECU−S1H225MEB C31100 µF, 450 V, electrolytic Panasonic ECO−S2WB101BA C3011800 µF, 25 V, electrolytic Panasonic ECA−IEFQ182C4, C5, C830.1 µF, 50 V, ceramic Panasonic ECU−S1H104KBB C61100 µF, 25 V, electrolytic Panasonic EEU−FCIE101S D11 6 A, 600 V, GI756CTGeneral Inst.GI756CT D111 6 A, 600 V, bridge rectifier,PB66Diodes Inc.PB66D121 1 A, 40 V, Shottky SR103CT D131TL431CLPTITL431C D14110 V, 1 W, Zener 1N4740D15, D2218 V, 1 W, Zener 1N4746DiodesD31 6 A, 600 V, ultra fast IR HFA08TB60−ND D4, D62 1 A, 600 V, fast recovery PhilipsBYV26C D5,D7,D9,D10, D165 1 A, 40 V, Shottky 1N5819D81 6 A, 600 V, full wave rectifierIRHBR2045FH1, FH223AG Fuse clip Fuses F11 6 A, 250 V HS31For Q3Aavid 513201HS4, HS52For D3 and D8Aavid 579302 B 0 00 00Heat sinks HS1, HS22For Q1 and Q2Avid 593002 B 0 34 00L11 1.7 mH, 2.5 A, coupled Cooper CTX08−14730Inductors L2135 µH, 8.3 ACooper CTX08−14279Q1,Q228 A, 500 V, n−channel IR IRF840Q3114 A, 500 V, n−channel IRIRFP450MOSFETsQ51NPN transistor MJE13005Not usedQ4, R8, R9,C9, C15,C106Not usedDM38500 EVM Part Descriptions2-3Reference DescriptionReference Qty Value/Type Number ManufacturerPart Number R1, R122ShortR10, R362200 Ω, ¼ W R25, R29,R27310 k Ω, ¼ WR131 2 k Ω, ¼ W R141 1.5 k Ω, ¼ W R15, R192 3.92 k Ω, ¼ W R161750 Ω, ¼ W R1717.5 k Ω, ¼ W R18, R242392 k Ω, ¼ W R2, R112 1 k Ω, ¼ W R20122.1 k Ω, ¼ W R2118.25 k Ω, ¼ W R22, R332562 k Ω, ¼ W ResistorsR231200 k Ω, ¼ W R261100 Ω, ¼ WR281100 k Ω, ¼ W R30130.1 k Ω, ¼ W R31133.2 k Ω, ¼ W R321 4.75 k Ω, ¼ W R341221 k Ω, ¼ W R35116.2 k Ω, ¼ W R391 1 k Ω, 1 W R41 1 Ω, 1 W, ±5%R510.33 Ω, 3 W, ±5%R6, R7220 Ω, ¼ WR3151 k Ω, 2 W, 400 VT118 mH, 10 A, 10.8:1Cooper CTX08−14226Transformers T21560−990 µH, 1:1 gate drive Cooper CTX08−14225U41BiCMOS PFC/PWM combination controller TexasInstrumentsUCC38500N ICsU31Opto-isolator4N36X13Thermal pad TO−220(@ Q1, Q2, D8)X21Thermal pad TO−247(@ Q3)MiscellaneousX34Screw pan head #4−40 X 7/16 (@Q1, Q2, Q3, D8)X44Nut #4x40X53Nylon shoulder washer #4(@Q1, Q2, D8)X61Bevel washer #4 (@Q3)PCBPCB1Bare boardUCC38500 PCBNotes:1)The values of these components are to be determined by the user in accordance with the applica-tion requirements.2)Unless otherwise specified, all resistors have a tolerance of ±1%.3)Capacitor C38 is located at reference designator R38 on the PCB.。

OptaDOS User Guide user_guide_1.2

3.2 Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4 Structure of the Program
17
5 Parameters
19
5.1 seedname.odi File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
February 2015
University of Cambridge, University of Oxford and University College London c 2013-2015 A. J. Morris, R. J. Nicholls, C. J. Pickard and J. R. Yates. First published 2010 This edition 2015 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Part of this work published in:
Jonathan R. Yates, Comp. Phys. Comm. 185, 5, 1477 (2014) Further information about OptaDOS may be obtained from:
Nota bene: OptaDOS, optados or OptaDOS, but never OPTADOS.
5.6 Optics Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

多装多用Cu-IUD产品使用指南说明书

observational study on 171469 Multiload ®Cu375insertions gave an incidence of 1.6 per 1000 insertions.2To help women in decision making regarding copper IUDs,the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommends that information imparted to women should include contraceptive efficacy, risks and possible side effects. This guideline quotes less than 1 in 1000 in terms of risk of uterine perforation at the time of IUD insertion.3During the puerperium, when the uterus is small and the uterine wall is thin, the risk of perforation increases.4Established practice in UK has been to delay insertion until 6–8 weeks postpartum. The World Health Organization Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (WHOMEC) recommends unrestricted use of an IUD four or more weeks postpartum in women who are breastfeeding, not breastfeeding or post-Caesarean section.5WHOMEC suggests an increased risk of perforation if an IUD is inserted between 48 hours and 4weeks postpartum and therefore the risks of insertion during this time generally outweigh the benefits. The care pathway in the use of IUDs by NICE recommends a routine follow up at 3–6 weeks or at first menses to check threads and exclude perforation.3In the present case an early perforation was suspected and initial investigations indicated an IUD providing false reassurance. Lack of identifiable threads makes it impossible to ensure that the device is in situ and functioning as a contraceptive. If no threads are seen and uterine placement of the IUD cannot be confirmed clinically, an ultrasound scan should be arranged to locate the device and alternative contraception is recommended by the Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care (FFPRHC).6However, if the scan cannot locate the IUD and the woman had not witnessed expulsion, a plain abdominal X-ray should be arranged to identify an extrauterine device. Hysteroscopy can be useful if the ultrasound scan is equivocal.6Surgical retrieval of an extrauterine IUD is advised by the FFPRHC.6The scientific literature strongly recommends removal of an extrauterine IUD even if its migration has not given rise to any clinical symptoms.IUDs in the abdomen, especially copper-containing ones,can result in the development of adhesions, and infection due to carrying bacteria from the insertion process.7The technique for removing a translocated IUD will depend on its location, extent of adhesions and the experience of the operator. This might involve hysteroscopy, colpotomy, laparoscopy and laparotomy or cystoscopy for retrieval of intravesical IUDs. The feasibility of IUD retrieval via the laparoscope depends on the extent of the attachment of the device to intraperitoneal structures, particularly vascular and intestinal, and also the ability of the laparoscopist to spot the device within the peritoneal cavity.8Laparoscopic removal is difficult when the IUD is in the omentum and cannot be seen. In the present case retrieval was relatively straightforward once the site had been established.Statements on funding and competing interests Funding None peting interests None identified.References 1 Singh M. IUDs and transmigration – putting an old concern to rest. IPPF Med Bull 1995; 29: 2–3.2 Harrison-Woolrych M, Ashton J, Coulter D. Uterine perforation on intrauterine device insertion: is the incidence higher than previously reported? Contraception 2003; 67: 53–56.3 National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE).Long-acting Reversible Contracep tion (Clinical Guideline 30).London, UK: NICE, October 2005.4 Kiilholma P , Makinen J, Maenpaa J. Perforation of the uterus following IUD insertion in the puerperium.Adv Contracep t 1990; 6: 57–61.5 World Health Organization (WHO). Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use . Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2000.6 Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care Clinical Effectiveness Unit. FFPRHC Guidance (January 2004).The copper intrauterine device as long-term contraception. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2004; 30: 29–42.7 Soderstrom RM. Trailing and treating the wandering IUD. Am J Gynecol Health 1989; 3(3-S): 33–34.8 McKenna PJ, Mylotte MJ. L aparoscopic removal of translocated contraceptive devices. Br J Obstet Gynaecol1982; 89: 163–165.58©FFPRHC J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2007:33(1)James et al./Book reviewFast Facts: Contraception (2nd edn). A Glasier,B Winikoff. Oxford, UK: Health Press Ltd, 2005.ISBN: 1-903734-46-0. Price: £15.00. Pages: 104(paperback)Most who read this Journal are familiar with the range of family planning methods available and are up to date enough not to need a small handbook such as this one. They will, however,often need to make available information to colleagues in primary care whose special interests lie elsewhere. Practice nurses and GP registrars will need to find succinct advice.This book is part of the Fast Facts Series aimed at the UK and North American market. It is small, easy on the eye, and pleasant to hold. One of its authors is a director of family planning in Scotland and the other works in New York. Neither works in UK general practice. This is apparent.The book covers all the contraception topics that you would expect, but with the complication of discussing many North American products. In some ways this is interesting.For the people here in the UK most likely to need such a brief guide,this just makes the book difficult to use. Key points are in coloured boxes, which are useful,but references are highlighted. Illustrations are easy on the eye. A large diagram of a GyneFix ®,and a photograph of a Mirena ®, without a picture of a standard copper intrauterine device (IUD),reflects the fact that this book has not been directed at UK primary care. It is part of a publisher’s series.There are some surprising omissions.Counselling before referral for sterilisation, before IUD insertion and after childbirth is not clearly covered. Controlling infection transmission is a part of any sexual health consultation, as are psychosexual issues that present. Relatively little is said about these. Contraception cannot be treated as a topic in isolation.The book tells us that “women whose lifestyle puts them at risk of sexually transmittedinfections should be screened before IUDinsertion”. In UK general practice, assumptions are not made about patients and it would be more usual to screen everyone.The style is very dry and dull, unnecessarily so for such a sexy subject. Contrast this book with John Guillebaud’s Contraception Today ,which is eloquently written. For the hurriedenquirer, some of the information is cumbersome to access.I do not think that this book is the first choice for practitioners in the UK.Reviewed by Helen Grace Gibson , MRCGP, DFFPGeneral Practitioner, Kingston-upon-Hull, UKBOOK REVIEWVisit the Faculty Website at 57-58-JFPRHC Jan 07 12/12/06 4:56 PM Page 2on December 24, 2023 by guest. Protected by copyright./J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care: first published as 10.1783/147118907779399576 on 1 January 2007. Downloaded from。

doRNG 1.8.6 商品说明书

Package‘doRNG’January16,2023Type PackageTitle Generic Reproducible Parallel Backend for'foreach'LoopsVersion1.8.6Encoding UTF-8Description Provides functions to performreproducible parallel foreach loops,using independentrandom streams as generated by L'Ecuyer's combinedmultiple-recursive generator[L'Ecuyer(1999),<DOI:10.1287/opre.47.1.159>].It enables to easily convert standard'%dopar%'loops intofully reproducible loops,independently of the numberof workers,the task scheduling strategy,or the chosenparallel environment and associated foreach backend.License GPL(>=2)LazyLoad yesURL https://renozao.github.io/doRNG/BugReports https:///renozao/doRNG/issuesVignetteBuilder knitrDepends R(>=3.0.0),foreach,rngtools(>=1.5)Imports stats,utils,iteratorsSuggests doParallel,doMPI,doRedis,rbenchmark,devtools,knitr,rbibutils(>=1.3),testthat,pkgmaker(>=0.32.7),covrRoxygenNote7.2.3NeedsCompilation noAuthor Renaud Gaujoux[aut,cre]Maintainer Renaud Gaujoux<**********************>Repository CRANDate/Publication2023-01-1611:00:03UTC12doRNG-packageR topics documented:doRNG-package (2)doRNGversion (3)registerDoRNG (5)%dorng% (6)Index8doRNG-package Generic Reproducible Parallel Backend for foreach LoopsDescriptionThe doRNG package provides functions to perform reproducible parallel foreach loops,using inde-pendent random streams as generated by L’Ecuyer’s combined multiple-recursive generator(L’Ecuyer(1999)).It enables to easily convert standard%dopar%loops into fully reproducible loops,indepen-dently of the number of workers,the task scheduling strategy,or the chosen parallel environmentand associated foreach backend.It has been tested with the following foreach backend:doMC,doSNOW,doMPI.ReferencesL’Ecuyer P(1999).“Good Parameters and Implementations for Combined Multiple Recursive Ran-dom Number Generators.”_Operations Research_,*47*(1),159-164.ISSN0030-364X,doi:10.1287/opre.47.1.159 <https:///10.1287/opre.47.1.159>.See AlsodoRNG,RNGseqExamples#register parallel backendlibrary(doParallel)cl<-makeCluster(2)registerDoParallel(cl)##standard%dopar%loop are not reproducibleset.seed(123)r1<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}set.seed(123)r2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(r1,r2)##%dorng%loops_are_reproducibleset.seed(123)r1<-foreach(i=1:4)%dorng%{runif(1)}set.seed(123)r2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dorng%{runif(1)}identical(r1,r2)#alternative way of seedinga1<-foreach(i=1:4,.options.RNG=123)%dorng%{runif(1)}a2<-foreach(i=1:4,.options.RNG=123)%dorng%{runif(1)}identical(a1,a2)&&identical(a1,r1)##sequences of%dorng%loops_are_reproducibleset.seed(123)s1<-foreach(i=1:4)%dorng%{runif(1)}s2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dorng%{runif(1)}identical(s1,r1)&&!identical(s1,s2)set.seed(123)s1.2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dorng%{runif(1)}s2.2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dorng%{runif(1)}identical(s1,s1.2)&&identical(s2,s2.2)##Non-invasive way of converting%dopar%loops into reproducible loopsregisterDoRNG(123)s3<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}s4<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(s3,s1)&&identical(s4,s2)stopCluster(cl)doRNGversion Back Compatibility Option for doRNGDescriptionSets the behaviour of%dorng%foreach loops from a given version number.UsagedoRNGversion(x)Argumentsx version number to switch to,or missing to get the currently active version num-ber,or NULL to reset to the default behaviour,i.e.of the latest version.Valuea character string If x is missing this function returns the version number from the current behaviour.If x is speciﬁed,the function returns the old value of the version number(invisible).Behaviour changes in versions1.4The behaviour of doRNGseed,and therefore of%dorng%loops,changed in the case where thecurrent RNG was L’ing set.seed before a non-seeded loop used not to be identical to seeding via.options.RNG.Another bug was that non-seeded loops would share most of their RNG seed!1.7.4Prior to this version,in the case where the RNG had not been called yet,theﬁrst seeded%dorng%loops would not give the identical results as subsequent loops despite using the same seed(see https:///renozao/doRNG/issues/12).This has beenﬁxed in version1.7.4,where the RNG is called once(sample(NA)),whenever the.Random.seed is not found in global environment.Examples##Seeding when current RNG is L Ecuyer-CMRGRNGkind("L Ecuyer")doRNGversion("1.4")#in version>=1.4seeding behaviour changed to fix a bugset.seed(123)res<-foreach(i=1:3)%dorng%runif(1)res2<-foreach(i=1:3)%dorng%runif(1)stopifnot(!identical(attr(res, rng )[2:3],attr(res2, rng )[1:2]))res3<-foreach(i=1:3,.options.RNG=123)%dorng%runif(1)stopifnot(identical(res,res3))#buggy behaviour in version<1.4doRNGversion("1.3")res<-foreach(i=1:3)%dorng%runif(1)res2<-foreach(i=1:3)%dorng%runif(1)stopifnot(identical(attr(res, rng )[2:3],attr(res2, rng )[1:2]))res3<-foreach(i=1:3,.options.RNG=123)%dorng%runif(1)stopifnot(!identical(res,res3))#restore default RNGRNGkind("default")#restore to current doRNG versiondoRNGversion(NULL)registerDoRNG5registerDoRNG Registering doRNG for Persistent Reproducible Parallel ForeachLoopsDescriptionregisterDoRNG registers the doRNG foreach backend.Subsequent%dopar%loops are then per-formed using the previously registered foreach backend,but are internally performed as%dorng% loops,making them fully reproducible.UsageregisterDoRNG(seed=NULL,once=TRUE)Argumentsseed a numerical seed to use(as a single or6-length numerical value)once a logical to indicate if the RNG sequence should be seeded at the beginning of each loop or only at theﬁrst loop.DetailsBrieﬂy,the RNG is set,before each iteration,with seeds for L’Ecuyer’s CMRG that overall generatea reproducible sequence of statistically independent random streams.Note that(re-)registering a foreach backend other than doRNG,after a call to registerDoRNG disables doRNG–which then needs to be registered.ValueThe value returned by foreach::setDoParSee Also%dorng%Exampleslibrary(doParallel)cl<-makeCluster(2)registerDoParallel(cl)#One can make reproducible loops using the%dorng%operatorr1<-foreach(i=1:4,.options.RNG=1234)%dorng%{runif(1)}#or convert%dopar%loops using registerDoRNGregisterDoRNG(1234)r2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(r1,r2)stopCluster(cl)#Registering another foreach backend disables doRNGcl<-makeCluster(2)registerDoParallel(cl)set.seed(1234)s1<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}set.seed(1234)s2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(s1,s2)#doRNG is re-nabled by re-registering itregisterDoRNG()set.seed(1234)r3<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(r2,r3)#NB:the results are identical independently of the task scheduling#(r2used2nodes,while r3used3nodes)#argument once=FALSE reseeds doRNG s seed at the beginning of each loopregisterDoRNG(1234,once=FALSE)r1<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}r2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(r1,r2)#Once doRNG is registered the seed can also be passed as an option to%dopar%r1.2<-foreach(i=1:4,.options.RNG=456)%dopar%{runif(1)}r2.2<-foreach(i=1:4,.options.RNG=456)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(r1.2,r2.2)&&!identical(r1.2,r1)stopCluster(cl)%dorng%Reproducible Parallel Foreach BackendDescription%dorng%is a foreach operator that provides an alternative operator%dopar%,which enable repro-ducible foreach loops to be performed.Usageobj%dorng%exArgumentsobj a foreach object as returned by a call to foreach.ex the R expression to evaluate.Value%dorng%returns the result of the foreach loop.See foreach::%dopar%.The whole sequence of RNG seeds is stored in the result object as an e attr(res, rng )to retrieve it.Global optionsThese options are for advanced users that develop‘foreach backends:•’doRNG.rng_change_warning_skip’:if set to a single logical FALSE/TRUE,it indicates whethera warning should be thrown if the RNG seed is changed by the registered parallel backend(de-fault=FALSE).Set it to TRUE if you know that running your backend will change the RNG stateand want to disable the warning.This option can also be set to a character vector that speciﬁesthe name(s)of the backend(s)for which the warning should be skipped.See Alsoforeach,doParallel,registerDoParallel,doMPIExampleslibrary(doParallel)cl<-makeCluster(2)registerDoParallel(cl)#standard%dopar%loops are_not_reproducibleset.seed(1234)s1<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}set.seed(1234)s2<-foreach(i=1:4)%dopar%{runif(1)}identical(s1,s2)#single%dorng%loops are reproducibler1<-foreach(i=1:4,.options.RNG=1234)%dorng%{runif(1)}r2<-foreach(i=1:4,.options.RNG=1234)%dorng%{runif(1)}identical(r1,r2)#the sequence os RNG seed is stored as an attributeattr(r1, rng )#stop clusterstopCluster(cl)#More examples can be found in demo doRNG##Not run:demo( doRNG )##End(Not run)Index∗packagedoRNG-package,2%dorng%,5,6doMPI,7doParallel,7doRNG,2doRNG-package,2doRNGversion,3foreach,6,7foreach::%dopar%,7foreach::setDoPar,5 registerDoParallel,7 registerDoRNG,5RNGseq,28。

Scale User's Manual

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Quantum espresso user_guide

User’s Guide for Quantum ESPRESSO(version4.2.0)Contents1Introduction11.1What can Quantum ESPRESSO do (3)1.2People (4)1.3Contacts (6)1.4Terms of use (6)2Installation72.1Download (7)2.2Prerequisites (8)2.3configure (9)2.3.1Manual conﬁguration (10)2.4Libraries (11)2.4.1If optimized libraries are not found (12)2.5Compilation (12)2.6Running examples (15)2.7Installation tricks and problems (17)2.7.1All architectures (17)2.7.2Cray XT machines (17)2.7.3IBM AIX (17)2.7.4Linux PC (18)2.7.5Linux PC clusters with MPI (20)2.7.6Intel Mac OS X (21)2.7.7SGI,Alpha (21)3Parallelism223.1Understanding Parallelism (22)3.2Running on parallel machines (22)3.3Parallelization levels (23)3.3.1Understanding parallel I/O (25)3.4Tricks and problems (26)4Using Quantum ESPRESSO284.1Input data (28)4.2Dataﬁles (29)4.3Format of arrays containing charge density,potential,etc (29)5Using PWscf305.1Electronic structure calculations (30)5.2Optimization and dynamics (32)5.3Nudged Elastic Band calculation (32)6Phonon calculations346.1Single-q calculation (34)6.2Calculation of interatomic force constants in real space (34)6.3Calculation of electron-phonon interaction coeﬃcients (35)6.4Distributed Phonon calculations (35)7Post-processing367.1Plotting selected quantities (36)7.2Band structure,Fermi surface (36)7.3Projection over atomic states,DOS (36)7.4Wannier functions (37)7.5Other tools (37)8Using CP378.1Reaching the electronic ground state (39)8.2Relax the system (40)8.3CP dynamics (42)8.4Advanced usage (44)8.4.1Self-interaction Correction (44)8.4.2ensemble-DFT (45)8.4.3Treatment of USPPs (47)9Performances489.1Execution time (48)9.2Memory requirements (49)9.3File space requirements (49)9.4Parallelization issues (49)10Troubleshooting5110.1pw.x problems (51)10.2PostProc (58)10.3ph.x errors (59)11Frequently Asked Questions(F AQ)6011.1General (60)11.2Installation (60)11.3Pseudopotentials (61)11.4Input data (62)11.5Parallel execution (63)11.6Frequent errors during execution (63)11.7Self Consistency (64)11.8Phonons (66)1IntroductionThis guide covers the installation and usage of Quantum ESPRESSO(opEn-Source Package for Research in Electronic Structure,Simulation,and Optimization),version4.2.0.The Quantum ESPRESSO distribution contains the following core packages for the cal-culation of electronic-structure properties within Density-Functional Theory(DFT),using a Plane-Wave(PW)basis set and pseudopotentials(PP):•PWscf(Plane-Wave Self-Consistent Field).•CP(Car-Parrinello).It also includes the following more specialized packages:•PHonon:phonons with Density-Functional Perturbation Theory.•PostProc:various utilities for data prostprocessing.•PWcond:ballistic conductance.•GIPAW(Gauge-Independent Projector Augmented Waves):EPR g-tensor and NMR chem-ical shifts.•XSPECTRA:K-edge X-ray adsorption spectra.•vdW:(experimental)dynamic polarizability.•GWW:(experimental)GW calculation using Wannier functions.The following auxiliary codes are included as well:•PWgui:a Graphical User Interface,producing input dataﬁles for PWscf.•atomic:a program for atomic calculations and generation of pseudopotentials.•QHA:utilities for the calculation of projected density of states(PDOS)and of the free energy in the Quasi-Harmonic Approximation(to be used in conjunction with PHonon).•PlotPhon:phonon dispersion plotting utility(to be used in conjunction with PHonon).A copy of required external libraries are included:•iotk:an Input-Output ToolKit.•PMG:Multigrid solver for Poisson equation.•BLAS and LAPACKFinally,several additional packages that exploit data produced by Quantum ESPRESSO can be installed as plug-ins:•Wannier90:maximally localized Wannier functions(/),writ-ten by A.Mostoﬁ,J.Yates,Y.-S Lee.•WanT:quantum transport properties with Wannier functions.•YAMBO:optical excitations with Many-Body Perturbation Theory.This guide documents PWscf,CP,PHonon,PostProc.The remaining packages have separate documentation.The Quantum ESPRESSO codes work on many diﬀerent types of Unix machines,in-cluding parallel machines using both OpenMP and MPI(Message Passing Interface).Running Quantum ESPRESSO on Mac OS X and MS-Windows is also possible:see section2.2.Further documentation,beyond what is provided in this guide,can be found in:•the pw forum mailing list(pw forum@).You can subscribe to this list,browse and search its archives(links in /contacts.php).Only subscribed users can post.Please search the archives before posting:your question may have already been answered.•the Doc/directory of the Quantum ESPRESSO distribution,containing a detailed de-scription of input data for most codes inﬁles INPUT*.txt and INPUT*.html,plus and a few additional pdf documents;people who want to contribute to Quantum ESPRESSO should read the Developer Manual,developer man.pdf.•the Quantum ESPRESSO Wiki:/wiki/index.php/Main Page.This guide does not explain solid state physics and its computational methods.If you want to learn that,you should read a good textbook,such as e.g.the book by Richard Martin: Electronic Structure:Basic Theory and Practical Methods,Cambridge University Press(2004). See also the Reference Paper section in the Wiki.This guide assume that you know the basic Unix concepts(shell,execution path,directories etc.)and utilities.If you don’t,you will have a hard time running Quantum ESPRESSO.All trademarks mentioned in this guide belong to their respective owners.1.1What can Quantum ESPRESSO doPWscf can currently perform the following kinds of calculations:•ground-state energy and one-electron(Kohn-Sham)orbitals;•atomic forces,stresses,and structural optimization;•molecular dynamics on the ground-state Born-Oppenheimer surface,also with variable cell;•Nudged Elastic Band(NEB)and Fourier String Method Dynamics(SMD)for energy barriers and reaction paths;•macroscopic polarization andﬁnite electricﬁelds via the modern theory of polarization (Berry Phases).All of the above works for both insulators and metals,in any crystal structure,for many exchange-correlation(XC)functionals(including spin polarization,DFT+U,hybrid function-als),for norm-conserving(Hamann-Schluter-Chiang)PPs(NCPPs)in separable form or Ultra-soft(Vanderbilt)PPs(USPPs)or Projector Augmented Waves(PAW)method.Non-collinear magnetism and spin-orbit interactions are also implemented.An implementation ofﬁnite elec-tricﬁelds with a sawtooth potential in a supercell is also available.PHonon can perform the following types of calculations:•phonon frequencies and eigenvectors at a generic wave vector,using Density-Functional Perturbation Theory;•eﬀective charges and dielectric tensors;•electron-phonon interaction coeﬃcients for metals;•interatomic force constants in real space;•third-order anharmonic phonon lifetimes;•Infrared and Raman(nonresonant)cross section.PHonon can be used whenever PWscf can be used,with the exceptions of DFT+U and hybrid functionals.PAW is not implemented for higher-order response calculations.Calculations,in the Quasi-Harmonic approximations,of the vibrational free energy can be performed using the QHA package.PostProc can perform the following types of calculations:•Scanning Tunneling Microscopy(STM)images;•plots of Electron Localization Functions(ELF);•Density of States(DOS)and Projected DOS(PDOS);•L¨o wdin charges;•planar and spherical averages;plus interfacing with a number of graphical utilities and with external codes.CP can perform Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics,including variable-cell dynamics.1.2PeopleIn the following,the cited aﬃliation is the one where the last known contribution was done and may no longer be valid.The maintenance and further development of the Quantum ESPRESSO distribution is promoted by the DEMOCRITOS National Simulation Center of IOM-CNR under the coor-dination of Paolo Giannozzi(Univ.Udine,Italy)and Layla Martin-Samos(Democritos)with the strong support of the CINECA National Supercomputing Center in Bologna under the responsibility of Carlo Cavazzoni.The PWscf package(which included PHonon and PostProc in earlier releases)was origi-nally developed by Stefano Baroni,Stefano de Gironcoli,Andrea Dal Corso(SISSA),Paolo Giannozzi,and many others.We quote in particular:•Matteo Cococcioni(MIT)for DFT+U implementation;•David Vanderbilt’s group at Rutgers for Berry’s phase calculations;•Ralph Gebauer(ICTP,Trieste)and Adriano Mosca Conte(SISSA,Trieste)for noncolinear magnetism;•Andrea Dal Corso for spin-orbit interactions;•Carlo Sbraccia(Princeton)for NEB,Strings method,for improvements to structural optimization and to many other parts;•Paolo Umari(Democritos)forﬁnite electricﬁelds;•Renata Wentzcovitch and colaborators(Univ.Minnesota)for variable-cell molecular dynamics;•Lorenzo Paulatto(Univ.Paris VI)for PAW implementation,built upon previous work by Guido Fratesi(ano Bicocca)and Riccardo Mazzarello(ETHZ-USI Lugano);•Ismaila Dabo(INRIA,Palaiseau)for electrostatics with free boundary conditions.For PHonon,we mention in particular:•Michele Lazzeri(Univ.Paris VI)for the2n+1code and Raman cross section calculation with2nd-order response;•Andrea Dal Corso for USPP,noncollinear,spin-orbit extensions to PHonon.For PostProc,we mention:•Andrea Benassi(SISSA)for the epsilon utility;•Norbert Nemec(U.Cambridge)for the pw2casino utility;•Dmitry Korotin(Inst.Met.Phys.Ekaterinburg)for the wannier ham utility.The CP package is based on the original code written by Roberto Car and Michele Parrinello. CP was developed by Alfredo Pasquarello(IRRMA,Lausanne),Kari Laasonen(Oulu),Andrea Trave,Roberto Car(Princeton),Nicola Marzari(MIT),Paolo Giannozzi,and others.FPMD, later merged with CP,was developed by Carlo Cavazzoni,Gerardo Ballabio(CINECA),Sandro Scandolo(ICTP),Guido Chiarotti(SISSA),Paolo Focher,and others.We quote in particular:•Carlo Sbraccia(Princeton)for NEB;•Manu Sharma(Princeton)and Yudong Wu(Princeton)for maximally localized Wannier functions and dynamics with Wannier functions;•Paolo Umari(MIT)forﬁnite electricﬁelds and conjugate gradients;•Paolo Umari and Ismaila Dabo for ensemble-DFT;•Xiaofei Wang(Princeton)for META-GGA;•The Autopilot feature was implemented by Targacept,Inc.Other packages in Quantum ESPRESSO:•PWcond was written by Alexander Smogunov(SISSA)and Andrea Dal Corso.For an introduction,see http://people.sissa.it/~smogunov/PWCOND/pwcond.html•GIPAW()was written by Davide Ceresoli(MIT),Ari Seitsonen (Univ.Zurich),Uwe Gerstmann,Francesco Mauri(Univ.Paris VI).•PWgui was written by Anton Kokalj(IJS Ljubljana)and is based on his GUIB concept (http://www-k3.ijs.si/kokalj/guib/).•atomic was written by Andrea Dal Corso and it is the result of many additions to the original code by Paolo Giannozzi and others.Lorenzo Paulatto wrote the PAW extension.•iotk(http://www.s3.infm.it/iotk)was written by Giovanni Bussi(SISSA).•XSPECTRA was written by Matteo Calandra(Univ.Paris VI)and collaborators.•VdW was contributed by Huy-Viet Nguyen(SISSA).•QHA amd PlotPhon were contributed by Eyvaz Isaev(Moscow Steel and Alloy Inst.and Linkoping and Uppsala Univ.).Other relevant contributions to Quantum ESPRESSO:•Andrea Ferretti(MIT)contributed the qexml and sumpdos utility,helped withﬁle formats and with various problems;•Hannu-Pekka Komsa(CSEA/Lausanne)contributed the HSE functional;•Dispersions interaction in the framework of DFT-D were contributed by Daniel Forrer (Padua Univ.)and Michele Pavone(Naples Univ.Federico II);•Filippo Spiga(ano Bicocca)contributed the mixed MPI-OpenMP paralleliza-tion;•The initial BlueGene porting was done by Costas Bekas and Alessandro Curioni(IBM Zurich);•Gerardo Ballabio wrote theﬁrst configure for Quantum ESPRESSO•Audrius Alkauskas(IRRMA),Uli Aschauer(Princeton),Simon Binnie(Univ.College London),Guido Fratesi,Axel Kohlmeyer(UPenn),Konstantin Kudin(Princeton),Sergey Lisenkov(Univ.Arkansas),Nicolas Mounet(MIT),William Parker(Ohio State Univ), Guido Roma(CEA),Gabriele Sclauzero(SISSA),Sylvie Stucki(IRRMA),Pascal Thibaudeau (CEA),Vittorio Zecca,Federico Zipoli(Princeton)answered questions on the mailing list, found bugs,helped in porting to new architectures,wrote some code.An alphabetical list of further contributors includes:Dario Alf`e,Alain Allouche,Francesco Antoniella,Francesca Baletto,Mauro Boero,Nicola Bonini,Claudia Bungaro,Paolo Cazzato, Gabriele Cipriani,Jiayu Dai,Cesar Da Silva,Alberto Debernardi,Gernot Deinzer,Yves Ferro, Martin Hilgeman,Yosuke Kanai,Nicolas Lacorne,Stephane Lefranc,Kurt Maeder,Andrea Marini,Pasquale Pavone,Mickael Profeta,Kurt Stokbro,Paul Tangney,Antonio Tilocca,Jaro Tobik,Malgorzata Wierzbowska,Silviu Zilberman,and let us apologize to everybody we have forgotten.This guide was mostly written by Paolo Giannozzi.Gerardo Ballabio and Carlo Cavazzoni wrote the section on CP.1.3ContactsThe web site for Quantum ESPRESSO is /.Releases and patches can be downloaded from this site or following the links contained in it.The main entry point for developers is the QE-forge web site:/.The recommended place where to ask questions about installation and usage of Quantum ESPRESSO,and to report bugs,is the pw forum mailing list:pw forum@.Here you can receive news about Quantum ESPRESSO and obtain help from the developers and from knowledgeable users.You have to be subscribed in order to post to the list.Please browse or search the archive–links are available in the”Contacts”page of the Quantum ESPRESSO web site,/contacts.php–before posting: many questions are asked over and over again.NOTA BENE:only messages that appear to come from the registered user’s e-mail address,in its exact form,will be accepted.Messages”waiting for moderator approval”are automatically deleted with no further processing(sorry,too much spam).In case of trouble,carefully check that your return e-mail is the correct one(i.e.the one you used to subscribe).Since pw forum averages∼10message a day,an alternative low-traﬃc mailing list,pw users@,is provided for those interested only in Quantum ESPRESSO-related news,such as e.g.announcements of new versions,tutorials,etc..You can subscribe(but not post)to this list from the Quantum ESPRESSO web site.If you need to contact the developers for speciﬁc questions about coding,proposals,oﬀersof help,etc.,send a message to the developers’mailing list:user q-e-developers,address.1.4Terms of useQuantum ESPRESSO is free software,released under the GNU General Public License. See /licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.txt,or theﬁle License in the distribution).We shall greatly appreciate if scientiﬁc work done using this code will contain an explicit acknowledgment and the following reference:P.Giannozzi,S.Baroni,N.Bonini,M.Calandra,R.Car,C.Cavazzoni,D.Ceresoli,G.L.Chiarotti,M.Cococcioni,I.Dabo,A.Dal Corso,S.Fabris,G.Fratesi,S.deGironcoli,R.Gebauer,U.Gerstmann,C.Gougoussis,A.Kokalj,zzeri,L.Martin-Samos,N.Marzari,F.Mauri,R.Mazzarello,S.Paolini,A.Pasquarello,L.Paulatto, C.Sbraccia,S.Scandolo,G.Sclauzero, A.P.Seitsonen, A.Smo-gunov,P.Umari,R.M.Wentzcovitch,J.Phys.:Condens.Matter21,395502(2009),/abs/0906.2569Note the form Quantum ESPRESSO for textual citations of the code.Pseudopotentials should be cited as(for instance)[]We used the pseudopotentials C.pbe-rrjkus.UPF and O.pbe-vbc.UPF from.2Installation2.1DownloadPresently,Quantum ESPRESSO is only distributed in source form;some precompiled exe-cutables(binaryﬁles)are provided only for PWgui.Stable releases of the Quantum ESPRESSO source package(current version is4.2.0)can be downloaded from this URL:/download.php.Uncompress and unpack the core distribution using the command:tar zxvf espresso-X.Y.Z.tar.gz(a hyphen before”zxvf”is optional)where X.Y.Z stands for the verison number.If your version of tar doesn’t recognize the”z”ﬂag:gunzip-c espresso-X.Y.Z.tar.gz|tar xvf-A directory espresso-X.Y.Z/will be created.Given the size of the complete distribution,you may need to download more packages and to unpack them following the same procedure(they will unpack into the same directory).Plug-ins should instead be downloaded into subdirectory plugin/archive but not unpacked or uncompressed:command make will take care of this during installation.Occasionally,patches for the current version,ﬁxing some errors and bugs,may be distributed as a”diﬀ”ﬁle.In order to install a patch(for instance):cd espresso-X.Y.Z/patch-p1</path/to/the/diff/file/patch-file.diffIf more than one patch is present,they should be applied in the correct order.Daily snapshots of the development version can be downloaded from the developers’site :follow the link”Quantum ESPRESSO”,then”SCM”.Beware:the develop-ment version is,well,under development:use at your own risk!The bravest may access the development version via anonymous CVS(Concurrent Version System):see the Developer Manual(Doc/developer man.pdf),section”Using CVS”.The Quantum ESPRESSO distribution contains several directories.Some of them are common to all packages:Modules/sourceﬁles for modules that are common to all programsinclude/ﬁles*.h included by fortran and C sourceﬁlesclib/external libraries written in Cflib/external libraries written in Fortraniotk/Input/Output Toolkitinstall/installation scripts and utilitiespseudo/pseudopotentialﬁles used by examplesupftools/converters to uniﬁed pseudopotential format(UPF)examples/sample input and outputﬁlesDoc/general documentationwhile others are speciﬁc to a single package:PW/PWscf:sourceﬁles for scf calculations(pw.x)pwtools/PWscf:sourceﬁles for miscellaneous analysis programstests/PWscf:automated testsPP/PostProc:sourceﬁles for post-processing of pw.x dataﬁlePH/PHonon:sourceﬁles for phonon calculations(ph.x)and analysisGamma/PHonon:sourceﬁles for Gamma-only phonon calculation(phcg.x)D3/PHonon:sourceﬁles for third-order derivative calculations(d3.x)PWCOND/PWcond:sourceﬁles for conductance calculations(pwcond.x)vdW/VdW:sourceﬁles for molecular polarizability calculation atﬁnite frequency CPV/CP:sourceﬁles for Car-Parrinello code(cp.x)atomic/atomic:sourceﬁles for the pseudopotential generation package(ld1.x) atomic doc/Documentation,tests and examples for atomicGUI/PWGui:Graphical User Interface2.2PrerequisitesTo install Quantum ESPRESSO from source,you needﬁrst of all a minimal Unix envi-ronment:basically,a command shell(e.g.,bash or tcsh)and the utilities make,awk,sed. MS-Windows users need to have Cygwin(a UNIX environment which runs under Windows) installed:see /.Note that the scripts contained in the distribution assume that the local language is set to the standard,i.e.”C”;other settings may break them. Use export LC ALL=C(sh/bash)or setenv LC ALL C(csh/tcsh)to prevent any problem when running scripts(including installation scripts).Second,you need C and Fortran-95compilers.For parallel execution,you will also need MPI libraries and a“parallel”(i.e.MPI-aware)compiler.For massively parallel machines,or for simple multicore parallelization,an OpenMP-aware compiler and libraries are also required.Big machines with specialized hardware(e.g.IBM SP,CRAY,etc)typically have a Fortran-95compiler with MPI and OpenMP libraries bundled with the software.Workstations or “commodity”machines,using PC hardware,may or may not have the needed software.If not,you need either to buy a commercial product(e.g Portland)or to install an open-source compiler like gfortran or g95.Note that several commercial compilers are available free of charge under some license for academic or personal usage(e.g.Intel,Sun).2.3configureTo install the Quantum ESPRESSO source package,run the configure script.This is ac-tually a wrapper to the true configure,located in the install/subdirectory.configure will(try to)detect compilers and libraries available on your machine,and set up things accordingly. Presently it is expected to work on most Linux32-and64-bit PCs(all Intel and AMD CPUs)and PC clusters,SGI Altix,IBM SP machines,NEC SX,Cray XT machines,Mac OS X,MS-Windows PCs.It may work with some assistance also on other architectures(see below).Instructions for the impatient:cd espresso-X.Y.Z/./configuremake allSymlinks to executable programs will be placed in the bin/subdirectory.Note that both Cand Fortran compilers must be in your execution path,as speciﬁed in the PATH environment variable.Additional instructions for CRAY XT,NEC SX,Linux PowerPC machines with xlf:./configure ARCH=crayxt4./configure ARCH=necsx./configure ARCH=ppc64-mnconfigure Generates the followingﬁles:install/make.sys compilation rules andﬂags(used by Makefile)install/configure.msg a report of the conﬁguration run(not needed for compilation)install/config.log detailed log of the conﬁguration run(may be needed for debugging) include/fft defs.h deﬁnes fortran variable for C pointer(used only by FFTW)include/c defs.h deﬁnes C to fortran calling conventionand a few more deﬁnitions used by CﬁlesNOTA BENE:unlike previous versions,configure no longer runs the makedeps.sh shell scriptthat updates dependencies.If you modify the sources,run./install/makedeps.sh or type make depend to updateﬁles make.depend in the various subdirectories.You should always be able to compile the Quantum ESPRESSO suite of programs without having to edit any of the generatedﬁles.However you may have to tune configure by specifying appropriate environment variables and/or command-line ually the tricky part is toget external libraries recognized and used:see Sec.2.4for details and hints.Environment variables may be set in any of these ways:export VARIABLE=value;./configure#sh,bash,kshsetenv VARIABLE value;./configure#csh,tcsh./configure VARIABLE=value#any shellSome environment variables that are relevant to configure are:ARCH label identifying the machine type(see below)F90,F77,CC names of Fortran95,Fortran77,and C compilersMPIF90name of parallel Fortran95compiler(using MPI)CPP sourceﬁle preprocessor(defaults to$CC-E)LD linker(defaults to$MPIF90)(C,F,F90,CPP,LD)FLAGS compilation/preprocessor/loaderﬂagsLIBDIRS extra directories where to search for librariesFor example,the following command line:./configure MPIF90=mpf90FFLAGS="-O2-assume byterecl"\CC=gcc CFLAGS=-O3LDFLAGS=-staticinstructs configure to use mpf90as Fortran95compiler withﬂags-O2-assume byterecl, gcc as C compiler withﬂags-O3,and to link withﬂag-static.Note that the value of FFLAGS must be quoted,because it contains spaces.NOTA BENE:do not pass compiler names with the leading path included.F90=f90xyz is ok,F90=/path/to/f90xyz is not.Do not use environmental variables with configure unless they are needed!try configure with no options as aﬁrst step.If your machine type is unknown to configure,you may use the ARCH variable to suggest an architecture among supported ones.Some large parallel machines using a front-end(e.g. Cray XT)will actually need it,or else configure will correctly recognize the front-end but not the specialized compilation environment of those machines.In some cases,cross-compilation requires to specify the target machine with the--host option.This feature has not been extensively tested,but we had at least one successful report(compilation for NEC SX6on a PC).Currently supported architectures are:ia32Intel32-bit machines(x86)running Linuxia64Intel64-bit(Itanium)running Linuxx8664Intel and AMD64-bit running Linux-see note belowaix IBM AIX machinessolaris PC’s running SUN-Solarissparc Sun SPARC machinescrayxt4Cray XT4/5machinesmacppc Apple PowerPC machines running Mac OS Xmac686Apple Intel machines running Mac OS Xcygwin MS-Windows PCs with Cygwinnecsx NEC SX-6and SX-8machinesppc64Linux PowerPC machines,64bitsppc64-mn as above,with IBM xlf compilerNote:x8664replaces amd64since v.4.1.Cray Unicos machines,SGI machines with MIPS architecture,HP-Compaq Alphas are no longer supported since v.4.2.0.Finally,configure recognizes the following command-line options:--enable-parallel compile for parallel execution if possible(default:yes)--enable-openmp compile for openmp execution if possible(default:no)--enable-shared use shared libraries if available(default:yes)--disable-wrappers disable C to fortran wrapper check(default:enabled)--enable-signals enable signal trapping(default:disabled)and the following optional packages:--with-internal-blas compile with internal blas(default:no)--with-internal-lapack compile with internal lapack(default:no)--with-scalapack use scalapack if available(default:yes)If you want to modify the configure script(advanced users only!),see the Developer Manual.2.3.1Manual conﬁgurationIf configure stops before the end,and you don’tﬁnd a way toﬁx it,you have to write working make.sys,include/fft defs.h and include/c defs.hﬁles.For the latter twoﬁles,follow the explanations in include/defs.h.README.If configure has run till the end,you should need only to edit make.sys.A few templates (each for a diﬀerent machine type)are provided in the install/directory:they have names of the form Make.system,where system is a string identifying the architecture and compiler.The template used by configure is also found there as make.sys.in and contains explanations of the meaning of the various variables.The diﬃcult part will be to locate libraries.Note that you will need to select appropriate preprocessingﬂags in conjunction with the desired or available libraries(e.g.you need to add-D FFTW)to DFLAGS if you want to link internal FFTW).For a correct choice of preprocessingﬂags,refer to the documentation in include/defs.h.README.NOTA BENE:If you change any settings(e.g.preprocessing,compilationﬂags)after a previous(successful or failed)compilation,you must run make clean before recompiling,unless you know exactly which routines are aﬀected by the changed settings and how to force their recompilation.2.4LibrariesQuantum ESPRESSO makes use of the following external libraries:•BLAS(/blas/)and•LAPACK(/lapack/)for linear algebra•FFTW(/)for Fast Fourier TransformsA copy of the needed routines is provided with the distribution.However,when available, optimized vendor-speciﬁc libraries should be used:this often yields huge performance gains. BLAS and LAPACK Quantum ESPRESSO can use the following architecture-speciﬁc replacements for BLAS and LAPACK:MKL for Intel Linux PCsACML for AMD Linux PCsESSL for IBM machinesSCSL for SGI AltixSUNperf for SunIf none of these is available,we suggest that you use the optimized ATLAS library:see /.Note that ATLAS is not a complete replacement for LAPACK:it contains all of the BLAS,plus the LU code,plus the full storage Cholesky code. Follow the instructions in the ATLAS distributions to produce a full LAPACK replacement.Sergei Lisenkov reported success and good performances with optimized BLAS by Kazushige Goto.They can be freely downloaded,but not redistributed.See the”GotoBLAS2”item at /tacc-projects/.FFT Quantum ESPRESSO has an internal copy of an old FFTW version,and it can use the following vendor-speciﬁc FFT libraries:。

危险音乐主要设置和操作手册说明书

The Dangerous Music MasterSetup and Operation manualThe Dangerous Music mastering transfer console represents the culmination of over 25 years of experience in the design and implementation of custom mastering equipment in many of the world’s top mastering studios by the designers at DMI. This experience has been distilled down to a two-rack space unit of exceptional ergonomic and sonic performance. In conjunction with the Dangerous Music Monitor, the addition of one’s favorite analog processing equipment and A/D/A converters, the Master makes the setup of a world-class analog mastering system easier than it has ever been. This manual explains the features, controls, connections, and suggestions for the operation of this unit.Introduction1Safety Review2Overview3Rear panel connections4Front panel controls5Internal jumpers6Specifications7Safety ReviewCertain precautions should be taken when using electrical products. Please observe the safety hints byreading the manual and obtaining qualified help if necessary to adhere to the precautions. The powersupply must be switched to the proper mains voltage. Please check the red window on the power supply to verify the correct setting for your location before connecting the mains plug.1. not defeat the ground pin on the mains plug. This connection provides earth to the chassis andsignal grounds inside the device for clean and quiet operation. The “Grounding and interface” section can help the user/installer clear up a buzz problem if one develops.2. circulation wasted space to an interior decorator, but they look like designer! If the front panel is hot, it is roasting inside the box.3. the circuits from EMI and RFI (magnetic and radio interference). When installing equipment inracks, it is prudent to put power amplifiers and large power supplies at least several rack spaces,if not in a different rack, away from equipment that deals with low level signals. Separation of high level and low level equipment can pre-empt trouble caused by heat and EMI.4. please shut off the gear and disconnect the mains. A qualified technician should investigate accidents to prevent further equipment damage or personnel hazards caused by spills.5. adjustments, please seek qualified help if necessary.6. before opening the top as burn marks and smoked components. While we feel your pain, (been there) subsequent damageis not covered by the warranty.Dangerous Music Incorporated reserves the right to change the specifications or modify the designs of its equipment. Sending in the registration card is our way of keeping in touch with users of ourequipment should this become necessary. Registration information is always kept confidential and neverdisclosed to third parties for any reason. Company contact information is on the last page of this manual.-2-An analog source is fed to the input where the input gain control lets one precisely set the level and balance into the insert stack.Your favorite analog processing gear is hooked up to the inserts. When an insert button is pressed, that loop is in line. The second loop can work in stereo or “Sum and Minus” mode. In S&M, one can alter the center pan information of a mix without affecting the sides and vice versa. For instance, the lead vocal is too bright but the guitars panned to the sides are dull? The bass in the middle is muddy and the guitars on the sides need some bottom grunt? Use stereo EQ in S&M to fix both problems! A de-esser can fix spitting vocals without killing the air on the drum overheads. A limiter with a fast attackRear panel connectorsAn analog source is fed to the input connectors. There are two sets, selectable by the ‘IN 1-2’ switch on the front panel. This makes it easy to have a D/A normaled to the first input and the second input wired to a patchbay or tape machine.The inserts are to include analog processing equipment. It has been found by the authors after extensive experimentation that 3 insert loops provide the correct number of insert points verses the minimum number of relays to get the job done. More equipment is accommodated by ‘ganging’ as explained on the previous page. The insert points can be run to a patchbay if the added flexibility of patching is needed (to re-route the order of processing for instance). More connectors and cable may not equal better sound quality. There are 2 ‘Main outputs’ to feed A/D converters, a tape machine, or patchbay depending on the user’s preference. The authors use 2 different A/D converters to select the best one for ‘flavor’ depending on the program material.The ‘Monitor’ output feeds the Dangerous Music Monitor. The input signal (post Input level and Input Monitor Offset level controls) or the output signal (post processing) will be sent to the Monitor depending on the position of the ‘Mon Out’ switch on the front panel.The ‘AC IN’ connector goes to the power supply. Please check that the supply is off before plugging in this cable. Hot plugging will result in burned contacts.The ‘CHASSIS’ and ‘GROUND’ banana jacks are strapped together at the factory. The strap may be removed to isolate the chassis and audio grounds. The jacks can be used to quiet down a troublesome piece of audio equipment (Sontec) with a ground wire if necessary.Front Panel controlsThe Input Level Controls let the engineer set precisely, the operating level and balance that will go through the equipment selected by the Insert buttons. The range is 10 dB in 0.5 dB steps.The top row of buttons under ‘Functions’ select the following:1.‘IN 1-2’ selects which input is processed.2.‘S&M’ selects whether or not Insert 2 is in Stereo or Middle Sides mode.3.‘OUT MON’ selects whether the Monitor Output jacks have the Input or Outputsignal sent to the monitor section.The Input Monitor Offset level control adjusts the level of the Input Monitor. This is very handy to match the input and output levels to listen to the effect of processing without the level difference clouding one’s judgment. The engineer can also match input and output level, look down at the scale, and determine the relative gain obtained from the mastering process. This control has a scale of -2 to +8dB in 0.5 dB steps.The S&M width control adjusts the stereo image width when the S&M button is pressed. Please note that activating S&M without ‘Insert 2’ selected still passes audio through the matrix.The Output level control lets one set the final level presented to the A/D converter. The range is 10dB in 0.5 dB steps.The level controls are all stepped attenuators for accuracy, repeatability, and highest sound quality. The attenuators are built with what we feel are the highest quality switches and resistors available at any cost. It is useful to gently ‘run the switches through’ their travel every so often to spread the lubricants around inside and wipe the contacts clean. This helps keep the switches quiet. The use of contact cleaners is not necessary and will damage the switches by washing the grease out.Internal Jumpers and Adjustments (please see step 5 on page 2)The motherboard has input cable shield ground selection jumpers to accommodate different grounding schemes. It is recommended that all electrical equipment in the studio is properly grounded by making sure that power cables have 3 pins and that the third pin is connected to ground. The use of ‘ground lifts’ to clear up a buzz problem is frowned upon by the international consortium of electrical safety agencies. If a ground noise problem occurs, it may be cleared up by switching the jumper position on the connector associated with the piece of gear that is having the buzz problem.The shield lift headers have 2 posts. A jumper placed over both posts connects the chassis ground to the cable shield. To lift a shield, pull the jumper off of the posts. It is a good idea to put the ‘unused’ jumpers on one of the posts to keep from losing the jumper. Master should not need to be calibrated but in case it does, here is the procedure:1.Obtain a calibrated oscillator and level measuring device. These should be labquality (HP, Tektronix, Neutrik, Audio Precision, etc.)2.Place the Master on a clean, well lit table with a pad under it to prevent scratches.3.Remove the top to expose the motherboard for calibration.4.Hook up the power supply and turn on the unit.5.Set all controls to unity gain with all Function and Insert switches out.6.Set the oscillator for +4dBu and plug into Input 1. Feed both channels.7.Activate ‘Insert 1’ and measure the level coming out of the ‘Send 1’ jacks.8.Adjust P1 and P2 to measure +4dBu.9.Deactivate ‘Insert 1’ and adjust P3 and P4 to read +4dBu at ‘Main Output 1’.10.Adjust P5 and P6 to measure +4dBu at the ‘Monitor Output’ jack.11.Activate the ‘OUT MON’ function and adjust P7 and P8 to read +4dBu at theMonitor Output jack.12.Activate the S&M function and adjust P9 for unity gain at Main Output 1.13.Pull the right channel’s input. Adjust P10 for minimum signal at the Right output.The signal should null below -70dBu (-75 typical).6Master SpecificationsMeasurements made with an Audio Precision P1DD at a nominal operating level of+4dBuFrequency response10Hz- 100kHz within 0.1dBTHD+noise< 0.0018% band limited to 22kHzIMD60 4:1< 0.0025%Crosstalk rejection> 111 dBHeadroom> +27dBuNoise Floor< -92 dBPower consumption40 watts100-130, 200-250 volts user selectableWarranty Free 2 year extended warranty with online registration.Standard warranty: 90 days parts and labor, subject to inspection.Does not include damage incurred through abusive operation ormodifications/attempted repair by unauthorized technicians.For Sales and Information:。

詹德尔酒吧柜操作手册与零件清单说明书

Glastender, Inc. · 5400 North Michigan Road · Saginaw, MI · 48604-9780 800.748.0423 · 989.752.4275 · Fax 989.752.4444 · © 2011 Glastender, Inc.Rev. 01-09-18A Family Company ManufacturingIn The USA Since 1969ST36-BST48-SFS lide T op C oolerSM odelS : ST24, ST36, ST48, ST60, ST72, and ST96*S lide T op C ooler S erial n uMber i nforMaTionThis manual is specific to Slide Top Coolers beginning with the serial numbers and dates listed below AND MANUFACTURED PRIOR TO MARCH 27, 2017.ST24 134121923N 04/09/09ST36 134121978N 04/13/09ST48134124811N 11/23/09ST60 134124803N 11/23/09ST72 134124902N 12/01/09ST96134125203N 01/04/101Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • 2Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • p riCeS :All prices are LIST. Applicable taxes will be added.Q uoTaTionS :Unless otherwise stated, quotations are effective for 30 days only.a CCepTanCe :All orders are subject to acceptance by Glastender, Inc.’s headquarters in Saginaw, Michigan. Possession of the Product Directory and Price List is not an offer to sell.S hipMenTS :F.O.B. factory in Saginaw, Michigan. Freight terms are Third Party or Collect if shipped directly to you. Prepay and Add to Invoice freight terms are available upon request. The approximate shipping weights of all products are listed with the prices. Partial shipments will be made unless otherwise specified by the customer. Surface freight classifica -tions are:• GT-24/GT-30/GW24 Glasswashers - Class 175• GT-18 Glasswashers - Class 250• All Underbar Equipment - Class 175• Bar Die Orders – Class 250• Portable Bars - Class 175• Remote refrigerators (i.e., no compressor) or dry storage back bar equipment - Class 175• Self-contained refrigeration equipment - Class 150• Ice Display Units (IDU and GDU) - Class 85• Lighted Liquor Displays - Class 85• Beer line chillers and beer towers (beverage dispensing equipment) - Class 92.5• Bottle Disintegration System - Class 150• Ice Cream Freezers - Class 77.5All small items are evaluated to see the most cost effective means for shipment. Many small items ship via UPS or FedEx; however, when dimensional weight is excessive, LTL carriers are the most cost effective choice. Spare parts orders received before 1:00 PM EST can usually be shipped the same day.The order department is happy to assist with routing or shipping questions.p ayMenT T erMS :Cash should be included with all orders unless credit terms have been arranged. To establish credit, banking and trade references are required. A convenient credit application is available upon request. Payment via credit card is not our normal means of receiving payment. Visa and MasterCard will be accepted, but must be charged at the time of ship -ment. In addition, a payment via credit card for orders totaling more than $500 will incur a 3% convenience fee on the total transaction amount.d elivery :The majority of equipment is manufactured to order and typically ships within three to six weeks after complete order information is received by the factory. In-stock equipment typically ships within two to three days of the factory receiving complete order information.r eTurnS :Items specified as “Manufactured to Order” are NOT returnable.A Return Authorization number must be issued by the factory in advance for any items that are returnable. The number MUST be noted on the outside of the returned package. Returns must be received within 90 days of the issue date. Shipping charges must be prepaid. A mini -mum 20% restocking charge will be applied to all authorized returns if received in new, unused condition in the original packaging.The above conditions apply to spare part returns, except spare part returns must be received within 30 days of original shipment for elec -tronic or electrical parts or within 90 days for all other parts.l oSS or d aMage :For customer routed shipments, Glastender, Inc. is not responsible for any loss, damage, or delay of merchandise during shipment. Such transit claims must be filed with the carrier. Merchandise must be examined on arrival. If shortages occur, Glastender, Inc. must be notified in writing within five (5) days of delivery to honor any shortage claim. Glastender will assume responsibility for freight claims on Prepay and Add ship -ments but the customer must inspect freight and note any damage upon receipt. Failure to do so may result in losses at the customer’s expense.C uSToM o rderS :Custom orders must be paid in advance and are not subject to cancellation.l aMinaTeS :Some products include common, readily available plastic laminates of the customer’s selection. There may be an additional charge if uncom -mon varieties are ordered.12/14/17Glastender, Inc. warrants all products to be free of defects in mate-rial and workmanship. One-year labor and parts warranty applies to all glasswashers, self-contained refrigeration models, and BDS model bottle disintegration units. In established areas, a start up is included with GT-24 and GT-30 model glasswashers. Warranty is effective for one year from the date of installation or up to 18 months from date of factory shipment, whichever occurs sooner. Glastender, Inc. will replace any part or assembly found defective under normal use and service. For warranty labor claims beyond 15 months from the date of factory shipment, proof of date of installation or occupancy must be provided. Authorization for labor must be obtained from Glastender within the warranty period and prior to the service being performed.Labor warranty applies to the United States and Canada only. Remote refrigeration models and beer line chillers include a one-year parts warranty only. There is no labor warranty on these products. Field replacement parts not covered under the original warranty include a 90-day part warranty from the date of installation.FOUR YEAR ADDITIONAL COMPRESSOR WARRANTY: Glastender will warrant to the original user the compressor for all self-contained refrigeration models for an additional four years following the regular one-year warranty period. This plan applies to the compressor only.A completed warranty claim form MUST accompany all returned defec-tive parts or assemblies. Upon request, a defective part or assembly must be returned to Glastender, Inc., Saginaw, Michigan, with all transporta-tion and delivery charges prepaid. Warranty repairs or replacements will be shipped FOB factory in Saginaw, Michigan. Reimbursement for applicable freight charges covers ground service only.Glastender provides in-warranty repairs during a service company’s regular working days and hours. There is no provision for payment of a premium rate during “overtime” hours. When warranty service is requested during other than normal working hours, the end user will be charged the premium portion of the overtime rate.The warranty covers substantiated travel expenses for up to 2 hours / 100 miles round trip up to a maximum of $150. Any additional costs due to installations that require extra work, time, or travel to gain access for service are the sole responsibility of the equipment purchaser. Any exceptions to these travel and access limitations must be pre-approved by a factory representative.The warranty does not cover door gaskets, chemical tubing, pump squeeze tubing, and/or any equipment subjected to accidents, freight damage, alterations from the original design, improper power and/or plumbing hookups, improper chemical use, general misuse, or lack of routine required maintenance as determined by Glastender, Inc. Installation, normal control adjustments, general maintenance, correct-ing an installation error, or service calls that reveal the unit is function-ing normally will not be reimbursed under warranty.Condenser coils on self-contained refrigeration products must be cleaned regularly. Failure to provide adequate air flow to a refrigeration unit will void the warranty.Glastender shall not be liable for loss of use, revenue, or profit, or for any other indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damage includ-ing, but not limited to, product spoilage or loss.This warranty is conditioned upon Glastender receiving notice of any defect subject to this warranty within sixty (60) days of its discovery by the end user or dealer. All products are warranted only for the initial place of installation. Removal of a product automatically terminates this warranty.SECOND YEAR EXTENDED PARTS & LA BO R WARRANTY: Glastender’s one-year parts and labor warranty on self-contained refrig-eration units, excluding beer line chillers, can be extended to two years with the purchase of a two year parts and labor warranty. Specify part number EWR2 ($150 net price) when ordering.EXPORT WARRANTY - One year parts only.EXCLUSION OF WARRANTIESEXCEPT AS PROVIDED A BO VE, GLASTENDER MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.LIMITATION OF REMEDIES AND DAMAGES If Buyer makes a valid and timely claim as outlined above, Glastender’s liability and Buyer’s remedies under this agreement will be limited solely to labor charges authorized and/or replacement or credit, at Glastender’s option, with respect to Products returned at Buyer’s expense within thir-ty (30) days after warranty repair. GLASTENDER’S LIABILITY WILL IN NO EVENT BE GREATER IN AMOUNT THAN THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE RETURNED PRODUCTS. GLASTENDER WILL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LA BO R COSTS EXCEPT AS COVERED UNDER OUR WARRANTY, LOST PROFITS OR THE LOSS OF PERISHABLE PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE OUR PRODUCTS OR FROM OUR PRODUCTS’ INCORPORATION INTO OR BECOMING A COMPONENT OF ANY OTHER PRODUCT. NEITHER PARTY WILL HA VE ANY NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORT LIABILITY TO THE OTHER, OR TO ANY THIRD PARTY, ARISING FROM ANY BREACH OF THIS AGREEMENT.GOVERNING LAW - JURISDICTIONThe terms and conditions of an order are to be governed and construed according to the laws of the State of Michigan, without regard to conflict of laws principles. Buyer hereby consents to the jurisdiction and venue of the courts located in Saginaw County, Michigan.No representative, distributor, dealer, or any other person is authorized to modify this warranty. This warranty replaces all other written or verbal warranties.NOTE: Glastender, Inc.’s policy of constant quality improvement means that prices, specifications, and policies are subject to change without notice. Questions regarding this warranty should be directed to Glastender’s Warranty Administrator.04-19-17APPLICABLE TO ALL PRODUCTS SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA3Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • 4Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • The Slide Top Cooler is designed to maintain bottles and cans at an operating temperature range ofC leaning i nSTruCTionSCleaning is essential to sustaining the integrity of your equipment and preventing corrosion. ESTIMATED CLEANING TIME: 5 to 10 minutes per unit daily, 45 minutes quarterly FREQUENCY: Daily cleaning of exterior & door gaskets. Quarterly cleaning of interior, including shelves. PROCEDURE:1. A non-chlorine based cleaner or mild detergent and warm water applied with a soft cloth or sponge to all con-tact surfaces.2. Immediately rinse off cleaning agent(s), using clean warm water, clean soft cloth or sponge.3. Dry with a soft clean cloth, removing standing water as soon as possible.NOTES:1. Never use hydrochloric acid, wire brushes, steel wool, scrapers, or chlorine based cleaners on stainless steelsurfaces, since they will break down the passivity layer and allow corrosion to occur.2. On stainless steel surfaces, you may use a soft bristle brush or Scotch-Brite® pad for more stubborn stains.Always scrub with the direction of the grain. Follow with a thorough cleaning as described above.3. Deposits from food preparation must be properly removed. Even hard water deposits will rust stainless steel,if not removed.4. Repeated cleaning may dry up black-vinyl-clad steel (exterior) surfaces of the cooler. Armor All® or similarproduct can bring back the shine. Apply the product to a cloth and then rub into the surface, rather than spray-ing it directly onto the black-vinyl-clad surface.5. The cooler door gaskets are most often overlooked when cleaning. Failure to clean them regularly will lead topremature failure, since alcohol and moisture build-up breaks down the gasket material.6. A slide top cooler does not have an interior drain, so a large sponge is required for removing excess moisturefrom the interior after cleaning.e leCTriCal and r efrigeraTion S peCifiCaTionSd eSignM odel r efrigeranT p reSSure(L-to-R lengTh) e leCTriCal T ype C harge h igh l oW24"120V, 1Ph., 60 Hz., 5 Amp R134a 7.5oz. 2008836"120V, 1Ph., 60 Hz., 5 Amp R134a 7.5oz. 2008848"120V, 1Ph., 60 Hz., 8 Amp R134a 16oz. 260 8860" 120V, 1Ph., 60 Hz., 8 Amp R134a 16oz. 300 12572"120V, 1Ph., 60 Hz., 8 Amp R134a 16oz. 310 8896"120V, 1Ph., 60 Hz., 8 Amp R134a 16oz. 310 885Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • 6Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • 2143Defrost TimerThermostat Evap SectionW h i t eG r e e nCond FanS t a r t R e l a yC SROverloadStart CapacitorBlue WhiteCondensing UnitWhiteWhite W h i t eW h i t eG r e e nG r e e nB l a c kB l u eBlueB l u eW h i t eO r a n g e O r a n g eO r a n g eJunction BoxEvap FanOrangeBlackB l a c kMMain Power 120 VAC 60 HZ 1 PHOptional:220 VAC 50 HZ 1 PH7Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • 2143Defrost TimerThermostatW h i t eG r e e nCond FanS t a r t R e l a yC SR OverloadStart CapacitorBlue WhiteCondensing UnitWhiteWhite W h i t eW h i t eG r e e nG r e e nB l a c kB l u eBlueB l u eO r a n g e O r a n g eO r a n g eJunction BoxOrange Black B l a c kMB l u eB l u eW h i t eW h i t eW h i t eOrangeMain Power 120 VAC 60HZ 1 PHEvap FansNote: Fans per unit variesEvap Section Optional:220 VAC 50 HZ 1 PH8Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • p arT n o .d eSCripTionp riCe9Glastender, Inc. • 5400 North Michigan Road • Saginaw, MI • 48604-9780800.748.0423 • 989.752.4275 • Fax 989.752.4444 • 41095587618202112111317Rear view of ST3622p arT n o .d eSCripTionp riCe06009527Models ST48, ST60, ST72, and ST96Models ST24, ST36Right Side from rearLeft Side from rearS helving and r elaTed p arTSp arT n o.d eSCripTionp riCep arT n o .d eSCripTionp riCe08000115p arT n o.d eSCripTion p riCee leCTriCal CoMponenTSl ighT K iTSparT n o .d eSCripTionp riCep arT n o .d eSCripTionp riCep arT n o .d eSCripTionp riCe1.STLK-1Light kit, ST48, ST60 - NO LONGER AVAILABLE STLK-2Light kit, ST72, ST96 - NO LONGER AVAILABLE。

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Chapter1BoltzTraPThis package contains the program Boltz mann Tra nsport P roperties(BoltzTraP)for calculat-ing the semi-classic transport coeﬃcients.It can be obtained from www.icams.de/boltztrap. The program has documented in mun.[1]If you publish results obtained using the program this paper should be sited.The program was originally interfaced to the WIEN2k code,but can easily be interfaced to other bandstructure codes.Marcos Alves and Matthieu Verstraete have provided Siesta and ab-init interfaces.Thisﬁle format is documented at the end of thisﬁle.Please contribute if you make such an interface.1.1Getting started1.1.1UnpackingRun the command bunzip2BoltzTraP.tar.bz2;tar xvf BoltzTrap.tarThis will unpack several directoriessrc The source codetest Exampleﬁles,Al,Bi2Te3and CoSb3doc Thisﬁleutil A perl script to gather WIEN energyﬁles11.1.2CompilingThe distribution includes a makeﬁle for the intel fortran compiler and the mkl libraries.Once you have succesfully compiled the program you should have an executable named BoltzTrap. Furthermore the script x trans can be found in the directory.1.1.3Running test examplesThe distribution includes two examples:CoSb3and Bi2Te3.Both examples are also described in the BoltzTraP paper[1]To run the examples you must change to one of these two directories CoSb3Once you are in the CoSb3directory you can run BoltzTrap by the following command(Re-member the capital letters)"path to BoltzTrap"/x trans BoltzTraPThe x trans script will make aﬁle called BoltzTrap.def and executes BoltzTrap.The BoltzTrap.defﬁle names the input and outputﬁles(described below)Bi2Te3The Bi2Te3example includes spin-orbit coupling in the Hamiltonian.Therefore the example should by the following command:"path to BoltzTrap"/x trans BoltzTraP-soNotice the-so option.This will tell the program to read the eigenvalues from theﬁle case.energyso(see Boltztrap.def)and the program will then automatically know the each state contains only one electron.21.2Using the program 1.2.1Input ﬁlesTo run the program you must have a ﬁle describing the parameters for BoltzTraP named case.intrans (where case is the name of the directory).Furthermore you need a ﬁle with the band-structure and the crystal structure,case.energy(so)and case.struct,where case is the name of the directory.Presently case.energy(so)and case.struct have to be in the format of the WIEN2k code.0000.0isetfermi idebug setgap gapchange isetfermi >0set fermilevel to middle of gap idebug sets the level of output setgap=1will force the gap to be gapchange (in Ry)0.554750.00050.4240.Fermilevel (Ry),deltae,ecut,number of valence electrons deltae determines the stepsize of the DOS grid ecut gives the range around efermi in which the bands are included CALCCALC (calculate expansion coeﬀ,Eq.(p1),NOCALC (read from ﬁle)5lpfac,number of latt-points per k-point lpfac=5:ﬁve times as many R points are used as k points were input BOLTZrun mode (only BOLTZ is supported).15efcut.energy range of chemical potential around efermi that is used for integrals (Eqs.(p12-p15))800.50.Tmax,temperature grid -1Energyrange of bands given individual DOS output sig xxx and dos xxx (xxx is band number).Negative:no individual DOS.HISTO scheme to obtain DOS.HISTO/TETRA:histogram/thetrahedron[2]samplingTable 1.1:Input ﬁle for CoSb 3.The Equations refer to the paper[1].1.2.2Output ﬁles.BOLTZ optionThe traces of the conductivity tensors are written as a function of µand T in the ﬁle called case.trace.You must write your own program/script to extract the information you need.The last columns were added after the paper was accepted and are the electronic speciﬁc heat c c (T ;µ)= n (ε)(ε−µ) ∂f µ(T ;ε)∂Tdε(1.1)3column12345678910 quantityµT N n(µ)Sσ/τR Hκ0cχunit Ry K e/uc e/uc V/K1/(Ωm s)m3/C W/(m K s)J/(mol K)m3/molTable1.2:Output in case.traceand the Pauli magnetic susceptibilityχ(T;µ)=µ0µ2Bn(ε)−∂fµ(T;ε)∂εdε(1.2)The program outputs the individual components of the conductivity tensors(ﬁles case.condtens and case.halltens).Theﬁrst three colums are like in the case.traceﬁle.In case.condtens next nine colums are theσ/τcomponents(3x3tensor).These are followed by the nine Seebeck components andﬁnally the nineκ0components.In case.halltens27columns follow(The Hall tensor is3x3x3tensor)The coordinate-system used is deﬁned so that the x axis is parallel to the crystallographic a-axis(of the conventional cell).The y-axis lies in the crystallographic ab plane and is orthogonal to the x-axis and the z-axis is orthogonal to the x and y axes.If you want a diﬀerent coordinate system you must work out the appropriate transformation yourself(a good reference is”J.F. Nye,Physical Properties of Crystals”).The axes setup is done in the subroutine latgen2.f.41.3Frequently Asked QuestionHow many k-points should I use for a transport calculation.This of-course depends on your system,but generally“a lot”.A rule of thumb is that your convergence tests should start at16×106/V puc,where V puc is the volume of the primitive unit cell.Please note that you do not need to redo the full scf cycle with the dense k-meshI have calculated my energyﬁles in parallel how do I include them in BoltzTraP The utilitygather energy.pl<case>will stick your case.energy(so)*into one case.energy(so)ﬁle that can be fed into BoltzTrap How can I calculate the conductivity.One can only calculate the conductivity if one knowsτ.The distribution includes a calculation for Al for which Ashcroft and Mermin[3]listρ=2.45µΩcm=2.45×10−8Ωm(page8).If you look in Table1.2you’ll see that BoltzTraP outputsσ/τ.At270K one obtainsσ/τ≈3.17×1021(Ωm)−ingτ=0.8×10−14s(page9)one get for the resistivityρ=1/(3.17×1021·0.8×10−14)=3.9×10−8Ωm which is a nice agreement considering the large uncertainty inτ(Ashcroft and Mermin use free electron bands)51.3.1File format description for the GENEﬁle formatThis is version1.0of the speciﬁcation,which is implemented in BoltzTraP1.2.0,abinit6.6,and current siesta release(v x.y.z).2ﬁles should be input to BT-one for crystal structure and symmetry operations andanother for electronic eigenvalues.This document describes the alternative format producedby siesta,abinit,pwsic,and vasp.Bothﬁles are read in generic_band.F90STRUCTURE FILE:Version line,specified as a real number x.y+string,e.g.1.0version of the Boltztrap file formatdirection cosines(3lines3real numbers)number of symmetry operations(integer)for each symmetry operatorsymmetry operations.One pr line which will be read as((iz(j1,j2,j),j2=1,3),j1=1,3) EIGENVALUE FILE:Version line,specified as a real number x.y+string,e.g.1.0version of the Boltztrap file formatNumber of k-points(integer)For each k-pointk-point(3real)number of bands(integer)k-point in reduced coordinates with respect to the primitive cellFor each bandeigen energy in Rydberg(real)6Bibliography[1]Madsen,G.K.H.;Singh,mun.2006,175,67-71.[2]Bl¨o chl,P.;Jepsen,O.;Andersen,O.K.Phys.Rev.B1994,49,16223-16233.[3]Ashcroft,N.W.;Mermin,N.D.Solid State Physics.Saunders College Publishing,Orlando,Florida,1976.7。