第六讲并列句和复合句
第六讲并列句和复合句
教学目标:
1. 掌握并列句的构成和用法。
2. 熟练掌握宾语从句的构成和基本用法。
3．熟练掌握状语从句的构成和基本用法。
—、并列句
用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。
(一)并列句的构成
其结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。
(二)常用的并列连词
1．常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有：and，but，or，so，for。
词意用法
and 和，并且表示顺延或并列，如果两个分句都是肯定语气，用and连接。
or 否则，或者表示选择，如果两个分句的语气为一个肯定，一个否定，则应用or连接。
but 但是表示转折，but与though／although不能同时用在一个句子中。
so 所以表示结果，由so连接的并列句可转换成because引导的主从复合句，两者不能同时用在一个句子中表示“因为……所以……”。
for 因为表示原因，是对另一个分句的补充说明，但不能放在句子的开头。
2．其他的并列连词有：then，while，when，not only...but also...,neither...。nor，either...or，as well as等。
二、复合句
复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句和从句都具有完整的主
谓结构，主句是全句的主体，从句是主句中的一部分，不能独立存在。
根据从句在全句中的不同作用，从句可分为：宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从
句、表语从句和同位语从句。在这里重点讲解宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
(一)宾语从句
1.宜语从句的引导词
引导词用法例句
that本身无意义(口语中可省去) 当宾语从句是
陈述句时
I really believe(that)Tom will help us．我确实相信汤姆会帮助我
们。
if／whether．．．(or not)是否当宾语从句是
一般疑问句
时
I’m not sure if I’ ll ha ve time.我不敢肯定我是否会有时问。
what，who，
where，how，when，why，which，whose，whom等当宾语从句是
特殊疑问句时
Please tell me when you were born．请告诉我你是何时出生的。I’d
like to know what you want best．我想知道你最想要什么东西。
注意：
whether和if引导宾语从句时，一般情况下可以互换，但在下列情况下须用whether，不能用if。
①具有选择意义，宾语从句中有or或or not时。例如：
We really don’t know
whether news is true or not．
我们真的不知道这消息是否是真的。
②在介词后接宾语从句或不定式时。例如：
We are talking about whether we’ ll go back to our hometown．我们正在讨论是否回老家去。
③作discuss等词的宾语时。例如：
We discussed whether we should close the shop．
我们讨论了是否应该把商店关掉。
2．宾语从句的语序
宾语从句无论是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句意义，一律用陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”结构。句尾标点符号取决于主句。例如：
Are you a student? He asks．→
He asks if you are a student．
他问你是否是学生。
Where does he work? Do you know?→
Do you know where he works?
你知道他在哪工作吗?
3．宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态一致。具体情况如下表：
主句时态从句时态例句
一般现在时根据实际情
况而定
I hear that he went to Beihai yesterday．我听说他昨天去北海了。
一般过去时过去的某种
时态
He said his father would take him to Shanghai．他说他爸爸将带他去上海。
一般过去时或其他时态客观事实或
真理只用一
般现在时表
示
My father told me that the sunrises in the east．爸爸告诉我太阳从东方升起。
(二)状语从句
1．时间状语从句
①时态：当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句或含有将来的意义时，由when，as soon as，till／until，before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。例如：
As soon as he returns home，I’ ll let you know．他一回到家，我就告诉你。
②引导词：由when，while，as，since，after，before，until／till，as soon as等连词引
导。
a)when，while与as
when while as
不同点主、从句的动作可以
是同时发生，也可以
是先后发生
强调在某一时间内主、从
句中谓语动词所表示的
动作在同一时问里发生
强调主、从句的
从句中的谓语动词既
可以是瞬间动词也可
以是延续性动词
从句中的谓语动词是延
续性动词
动作同时发生
相同
点
意思均为“当……时”
例如：
Father was waiting for me when I got home yesterday．昨天我到家时，爸爸正在等我。
While we were having a meeting，my sister came in to ask for me．正当我们开会时，我妹妹进来找我。
She sang happily as she walked along the lake．她一边沿着湖边走，一边欢快地唱着歌。
b)till与until
until till
共同点意思为“直到……才”，均可用于“...until／till...”
句型
主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句和从句都用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，主句须用否定结构
不同点
可用在句型“not until”
中不可用在句型“not till”
正式用语，可放在句首非正式用语，不可放在句首
例如：
I didn’t go to bed until／till he came back at ll o’ clock last night
．直到他昨晚11点回来我
才睡觉。
Please Wait here until I come back．请在这等，直到我回来。
c)since引导的从句，表示“自……以来”，从句中的谓语动词表示动作的起点，要用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词表示延续性动作，通常情况下使用现在完成时。在句型“It is／hasbeen...since+从句”中，从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。例如：It is ten years since she joined the army．她参军已有十年了。
2．条件状语从句
①条件状语从句由if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非)等引导。如果主句为祈使句、
一般将来时或含有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。例如：
If it SNOWS tomorrow，we will have a day or two off．
如果明天下雪的话，我们将放假一两天。
We won’t go to his party unless he invites us．
如果他不邀请我们的话，我们就不去参加他的晚会。
②if的用法
if可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导条件状语从句。其用法如下：
宾语从句条件状语从句引导词if
意思是否如果
作用作主句的宾语作主句的状语
时态主句一般现在时或一般将来时一般将来时
从句根据从句实际情况而定从句用一般现在时代替将来
例句
I’m not sure if she will come．
我不能确定她是否会来。
I will tell you if she comes．
如果她来了，我会告诉你。3．结果状语从句
①结果状语从句由so，so...that...，such...that...，so that等引导。
②so...that...与such...that...区别
so...that... so+形容词／副词+that从句
so+much／little+不可数名词+that
so+many／few+可数名词复数+that
so+形容词+a／an+单数可数名词+that
such．．．that．．．
such+a／an+形容词+单数可数名词+that
such+形容词+不可数名词／可数名词复数+that
例如：
It is so cold outside that nobody will go out to play．外面很冷，以至没有人愿意出去玩。
He has so many books that I don’t know whic h one I should borrow．他有这么多书，我不
知道该借哪一本。
He is such a good man that we all like him．
He is so good a mall that we all like him．
他是一个大好人，我们都喜欢他。
4．原因状语从句
原因状语从句由because，as，since等引导。
如果是直接原因，通常用because引导；如果原因是人们已知的事实，用since引导；如果原因和理由是不言而喻、为人所知的、显而易见的，用as引导。由since，as引导的原因状语从句，一般位于主句之前。例如：
Jim didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill．
吉姆昨天没去上学，因为他病了。
Since we are middle school students，we should listen to our teachers．既然我们是中学生，
我们就应该听老师的话。
5．目的状语从句
目的状语从句由so that，so，in order that等引导。从句中常用can，could，may，might 等情态动词。例如：
My father gets up early every day so that he can catch the first bus．爸爸每天都起得很早，
以便能赶上头班车。
6．让步状语从句
让步状语从句由although，though等引导。意思为“虽然(尽管)……但是……”，要注意不能与but用在同一个句子中。
例如：
Although the doctor was tired，he went on working．
尽管这个医生很累了，但他还继续工作。
7．比较状语从句
比较状语从句由than，as...as，not so...as等引导。例如：
He is as tall as his father．
他和他爸爸一样高。
8．地点状语从句
地点状语从句由where，wherever等引导。例如：
Where there is a will，there is a way．有志者事竟成。
(三)定语从句
1．概论
定语从句在复合句里起定语作用，修饰主句中的名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的词称为
先行词。基本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有who，whom，whose，which，that，when，where，why等。
2．关系词的基本用法
先行词关系词例句
人who，whom，
that
This is the man who／that took the photo．这就是拍这张
照片的人。
物matt, which The train that／which has just left is for Beijing．刚刚离开的那列火车是开往北京的。
时间when We’ ll never forget the days when we worked together 我们永远都不会忘记在一起工作的时光。
地点where This is the place where my grandparents lived这就是我祖父母居住过的地方。
语法专练：
一、单项选择
1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you．
A. if; Whether
B. whether; Whether
C. if; That
D. if; If
2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come
B. how will he come
C. if he comes
D. whether he'll come
3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is?
A. what
B. how
C. whether
D. where
4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?
A. how did he mend
B. what did he mend
C. how he mended
D. what he mended
5. I want to know _________.
A. whom is she looking after
B. whom she is looking
C. whom is she looking
D. whom she is looking after
6. Do you know where _________ now?
A. he lives
B. does he live
C. he lived
D. did he live
7. Do you know what time _________?
A. the train leave
B. does the train leave
C. will the train leave
D. the train leaves
8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?
A. how the two players are old
B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old
D. how old the two players are
9. The small children don't know _________.
A. what is their stockings in
B. what is in their stockings
C. where is their stockings in
D. what in their stockings
10. I can't understand _________.
A. what does Christmas mean
B. what Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas does
D. what Christmas means
二、按要求转换句型
1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子）
→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China?
2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.
（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．
3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________Tom is a student.
4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want to know _________ the train _________.
5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写)
They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．
6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
三、完形填空
Mr. Wang teaches English in a middle school. He likes his work very much. He wanted 1 a
teacher even when he was a young boy.
There are six classes in a school day at Mr. Wang's middle school. Mr. Wang teachers five of
these six classes. 2 his "free" hour from 2 to 3 in the afternoon, Mr. Wang 3 meet with parents, check students' homework and 4 many other things. So Mr. Wang works hard from
the moment he gets to school early in the morning until he leaves for home late in the afternoon,
and his "free" hour is not free at all.
In his English lesson, Mr. Wang sometimes teaches poems (诗). He likes poems very much,
5 of all.
and he likes Li Bai’s poems
In his fifth class today, Mr. Wang taught a poem. He wrote the poem on the blackboard and
read it. As soon as he finished 6 the poem, the students began to ask questions. He answered all the questions. Then he asked his students to talk about the poem. 7 one wanted to stop when the bell rang.
8 home, Mr. Wang thought about the fifth class. He was happy about what he did as a
teacher. Every one of his students 9 the poem. When they started to talk, they forgot about
the time. He did not have to make them 10 . He only had to answer their questions and help
them understand the poem.
1. A. was B. being C. to be D. be
2. A. In B. At C. To D. On
3. A. has to B. has C. able to D. will
4. A. take care for B. care of C. take care of D. be careful of
5. A. better B. good C. well D. best
6. A. reading B. to read C. read D. doing
7. A. Not B. No C. Have no D. Any
8. A. By the way B. To his way C. On his way D. In the way
9. A. liked B. asked C. had D. wanted
10. A. learning B. to learn C. learn D. leant
四、阅读理解
Many young people want to be pop stars. Pop stars are rich. Many people think they are leading a
happy and easy life. Is that true? The answer is definitely no. In fact, they have very hard lives.
They spend much of their time on travel. Sometimes the travel is interesting, but in most time it is
boring to pop stars. The following chart is a day’s life of a pop star.
Feb. l0, 2007
5:00 Woke up and had breakfast in the hotel. Packed bags. Took taxi to airport.
7:30 Plane took off half an hour later than usual for the bad weather.
8:30 Plane landed. Waited for luggage (行李)for half an hour. Signed for fans at the airport.
9:45 Arrived at the hotel and had a short rest.
10:00 Started out to attend the meeting with fans and gave an interview to the local reporters.
11:00 Went to radio station to attend the live show.
12:00 Had lunch with local producer (制片人)
was I3:00 Went to theatre and prepared for the night’s show. The lighting of the theatre good, but the band did poorly.
17:00 Back to hotel. Tried to have a rest. Still worried about the band.
18:00 Had supper, but ate little.
18:30 Went to theatre again and got ready for show.
19:30 Sang very well, and audience gave a warm welcome. The band improved a little.
22:00 Show was over. Very tired from it.
23:00 Back to hotel. Took a bath. Too excited to sleep, so watched TV.
0:00 Fell asleep, with TV on.
根据表格内容，选择正确答案。
1. The pop star went back to the hotel _________ on Feb. 10, 2006.
A. once
B. twice
C. three times
D. four times
2. According to the chart, the pop star was good at _________.
A. singing
B. dancing
C. making faces
D. playing the piano
3. The pop star felt ________ after the performance.
A. tired
B. excited
C. sad
D. both A and B
.
4. The band did _________ in the rehearsal (彩排) in the night’s show
A. better in the show than
B. worse in the show than
C. in the show as bad as
D. not tell us how the band did
5. This passage mainly tells us that _________.
A. pop stars are not rich in fact
B. young people had better not be pop stars
C. there are many young people wanting to be pop stars
D. p op stars don’t have an easy life as they seem to have
成功体验
一、单项选择
1. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you．
A. if; Whether
B. whether; Whether
C. if; That
D. if; If
2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come
B. how will he come
C. if he comes
D. whether he'll come
3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is?
A. what
B. how
C. whether
D. where
4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?
A. how did he mend
B. what did he mend
C. how he mended
D. what he mended
5. I want to know _________.
A. whom is she looking after
B. whom she is looking
C. whom is she looking
D. whom she is looking after
6. Do you know where _________ now?
A. he lives
B. does he live
C. he lived
D. did he live
7. Do you know what time _________?
A. the train leave
B. does the train leave
C. will the train leave
D. the train leaves
8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please?
A. how the two players are old
B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old
D. how old the two players are
9. The small children don't know _________.
A. what is their stockings in
B. what is in their stockings
C. where is their stockings in
D. what in their stockings
10. I can't understand _________.
A. what does Christmas mean
B. what Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas does
D. what Christmas means
二、句型转换
1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子）
→Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China?
he asked me.（变为复合句）
2. "Does the girl need any help?”
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．
3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________Tom is a student.
4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want to know _________ the train _________.
5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写)
They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．
6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.
三、完形填空
Martin Henfield talks about some of his experience(经历) as a twin: when we were small my
mother dressed us __1_ the same clothes. That was bad enough and we didn’t like it. But we
went on our first camping trip, it was even __2__. We were only ten years old, and while __3_
went into their sleeping bags for the _4__, we were not happy to snuggle(偎依) inside a double
sleeping bag my mother made for us.
At school our classmates __5__us Henfield One and Henfield Two, so people ___6__ even
see our difference according to our initials because __7__ of us were M.O. It was only when I
went to _8___ and began to have my own friends that I started to feel my own freedom of
identity（身份）.
Before I went to college, during my secondary school __9__, I __10__ to a job on a building
site. My twin brother, Mike Henfield, didn’t work. One day I asked my boss, “Can I have a w _11__?” “Certainly,”
he said, “but y ou won’t h ave the job when you 12__ back.” I didn’t
want to __13__ the job. So on Monday morning, Mike went there in my _14__, jacket and
hat and he worked for me for one week __15___ of them knew the difference.
1. A. in B. for C. on D. with
2. A. badder B. worse C. good D. better
3. A. all boys B. another boy C. all the other boys D. all the boys
4. A. day B. holiday C. night D. mid-night
5. A. called B. knew C. told D. made
6. A. didn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
7. A. very B. each C. both D. all
8. A. middle school B. college C. high school D. school
9. A. holidays B. week C. weekend D. holiday
10. A. received B. got C. find D. made
11. A. off B. free C. on D. back
12. A. came B. will get C. got D. are
13. A. miss B. lose C. lost D. losing
14. A. coat B. shirt C. shoes D. trousers
15. A. None B. Nobody C. All D. Each
简单句并列句复合句(全)
根据句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 1简单句 只包含一个主谓结构，He is a doctor. 2并列句 用并列连词and，but，or把两个的简单句连接而成。 He is a doctor ,and
she is a teacher. I liked the story , but he didn’t like it. Hurry up，or you will be late. 3 复合句 句型：主句+连词+从句 连词+从句+主句（包含一个主句、一个从句的句子叫复合句。）
1).定语从句 2).状语从句 3).名词性从句 I don’t like the wa y (that, in which) he talked to me. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. （of which t
he cover/the cover of which）
二、状语从句 1 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常 由where, wherever 引导。 Where I live there are plenty of trees. Wherever I am I wil l be thinking of yo u.
2 方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…s o…, as if, as thou gh引导。 1）as, (just) as…s o…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时a s从句带有比喻的含
简单句并列句复合句
简单句、并列句、复合句 一．简单句：仅有一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。 1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。 and连接两个并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式，但： (1)如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词，若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动词则要用复数。 (2)如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味着一个人或事物，谓语动词要用单数。 (3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each，every，many a，no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略)，谓语动词要用单数。 2.陈述句与疑问句的转换。 3.选择疑问句。 4.反意疑问句。 (1)陈述句+省略问句 (2)祈使句+附加疑问句 反意疑问句的回答 二．并列句 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句 常用的连词有and,but,or not only...but also,neither...nor,either...or 联合并列句常由并列词and, not only…but also…..等连接 如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way. 转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接 如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, either…or…,等连接 如:Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police 因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接. 如: it was late, so we went home. 在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and 或or 去掉. 如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time. because和so; although, though和but 不能连用 三．复合句:有一个主句和若干个从句组成 1. What I want to explain is this. 2.We should never pretend to know what we don’t know. 3.That’s exactly what I am planning to do. 4.We expressed the hope that they would come and visit china again. 5.He asked me to stay where I was. 6. The comrade whom you spoke to is a model worker.
简单句、并列句、复合句(习题)
简单句、并列句、复合句（习题） 一、单项选择 ( )1.—______ will the supper be ready? I’m very hungry. —In a minute. A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How often ( )2.—Few well-known singers came to the concert, did they? —______, such as Andy Lau, Jay Chou and Kristy Zhang. A. No, they didn’t B. Yes, they did C. No, they did D. Yes, they didn’t ( )3.______ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been ( )4.—Tom, come out and join us! —______ till I finish what I ______, OK? A. Wait; do B. Waiting; do C. Waiting; am doing D. Wait; am doing ( )5.Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _______ great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ( )6.—The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized (倾覆) in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st. —_____ bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue (救援)? A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ( )7.Look at the man over there. _____he is! A. How tall B. How a tall C. What a tall D. What tall ( )8.—Finish your homework ______ you can’t play computer games, Jim. —All right, Mum. A. but B. till C. and D. or ( )9.—Hello, Lily, you are busy. Can I give you a hand? —Thanks very much, ______ I can manage. A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )10.—Would you please give this newly-published novel to Jack? —Certainly. _____ he comes back. A. Before B. As soon as C. Until D. Unless
高考英语简单句、并列句和复合句总结
高考英语简单句、并列句和复合句总结 考点一简单句 1.简单句只包含一个主谓结构. 2.五种简单句: 1)主+谓. He comes at last. 2)主+系+表. She is a teacher. The soup tastes nice. 3)主+谓+宾. They reached the village. 4)主+谓+间宾+直宾. He gave me a pen. 5)主+谓+宾+宾补. I find that book very useful. 考点二并列句 并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句，用连词连接起来。 常用的连接词有： 1.表示顺承关系的：and, not only…but also（不仅….而且….）等。 She ______ gave us a lot of advice, _______ helped us to overcome difficulties. Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, _____ at last she succeeded. 2.表示选择关系和否定条件的有or（还是，否则） Do you want to leave now ____ would you rather set off later? Wear your coat, ____ you’ll catch a cold. 3.表示转折关系的有but, yet等。 He is young, but he works hard.虽然他年轻，但工作努力。 4.表示因果关系的有for, so 等。 My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼，因此我去看医生。 考点三主从复合句：宾语从句 1.宾语从句的引导词 （1）引导陈述句用that(在口语和非正式文体中常常省略) He tells me (that ) he is going shopping this Sunday. (2) 引导一般疑问句用if或whether. She asked me if\ whether she could join us. (whether…or not) (3) 引导特殊疑问句，要用原来的特殊疑问词。 She asked them what they were doing. 2.宾语从句的语序：要用陈述句语序。 I want to know when the train left. 3. 宾语从句的时态 （1）主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态。 He tells us that he has been able to look after himself. (2)主句是过去时态，宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。 They said that they had already finished the work. (3)如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，不管主句用什么时态，从句 都用一般现在时。 He said that light travels faster than sound. 3. 练习 1）She asked me, “Will you go to the cinema tomorrow?” (改为含宾语从句的复合句)
简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句 文章来源：互联网 在前面各讲中所说的肯定句、否定句、各种疑问句、感叹句等，是根据句子的作用来划分的。今天，我们再学习一种新的分类方法：即根据句子的内部结构，特别是句子与句子之间的关系来划分的方法。根据句子结构，可以分为三种主要类型：简单句、并列句、复合句，另外还有一种叫并列-复合句子。 要搞懂英语句子结构分类，有一点首先必须明白：即什么是“句子”？句子的概念有两层含义：一是它能表达一个清晰、完整的意思。反过来讲，只要能表达一个清晰、完整的意思的语言单位，不论是长是短，哪怕是一个单词，也算作是一个句子。这是从意义方面来说的。二是句子的结构完整。所谓“完整”，最核心的是一个句子应该有“主语、谓语”。也就是说，有主语、有谓语的语言单位就是一个句子。这就是从句子结构方面来分的，也是从句子语法成份方面来划分的。我们所讲的简单句、并列句、复合句都是从主语、谓语来判定句子类型的。 如果按照句子的结构分类，英文句子可分为三种类型：简单句(Simple Sentence)，并列句(Compound Sentence)和复合句(Complex Sentence)。 一、简单句 简单句的定义是：或者只有一个主语，或者只有一个谓语。为什么说“或者”呢？因为简单句可以只有一个主语，但有几个谓语；或者可以有几个主语，但只有一个谓语。这样一分，简单句就有三种形式了。 1、只有一个主语、一个谓语，再加上其它成份。例如： Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播速度快。 The film is not interesting. 这部电影没有意思。 Can you finish the work on time? 你能按时完成工作吗？ 2、只有一个主语，但有几个谓语，再加上其它成份。例如： The boy were running, shouting and laughing. 男孩们一边跑，一边笑，一边喊叫着。 You cannot listen to music and memorize at the same time. 你不能既听音乐，同时又背诵东西。 Computers mean a lot to human beings and are paidmore and more attention by people.
并列句和复合句练习
并列句和复合句练习
初中并列句和复合句练习 1:Get up early,_____you’ll be late for school. A:so B:and C:of D:but 2:_______the dinner was all over,everyone helped wash the dishes. A:How B:When C:Before D:Why 3:--Mum,the visit to the science museum is so wonderful. --Really? Could you tell me _____? A:that you did and saw there B:when you come back C:how did you get there D:if you saw models of spacecraft there 4:______Mike didn’t win the race,he was still wearing a smile on his face. A:If B:Since C:Although D:Because 5:Julie didn’t leave her office______the police arrived. A:however B:whenever C:while D:until 6:--It’s said that the new highway has been completed. --Yes,but we don’t know_______it’s to be opened to traffic soon. A:which B:when C:whether D:since 7:--Could you tell me _______? --Talking about festivals. A:how they are playing B:what they are doing C:where they are going D:why they are practicing 8:Franklin told them all______to be in Britain again. A:how happy was he B:how happy he was C:how was he happy D:how he happy was 9:--Hi,Tony! Do you know ________? --Yes,there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street. A:when I can get a cup of coffee B:when can I get a cup of coffee C:where I can get a cup of coffee D:where can I get a cup of coffee 10:Mr.Smith has a habit of taking a shower ______he has breakfast. A:though B:before C:because D:since
简单句-并列句和复合句用法及习题
: 七年级上册： Unit 1—Unit 9:侧重于陈述句和疑问句。 七年级下册： Unit 4:祈使句 Don't eat in the classroom. Unit 8：倒装句 There is a zoo in my neighborhood. Unit 2,Unit 3,Unit 5,Unit 9,Unit 11,Unit 12:特殊疑问句。 | 八年级上册： Unit 7:There will be more people. There will be more pollution. Unit 8:First,peel the bananas. Next, put the bananas in the blender. Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender. 八年级下册： Unit 3:For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 九年级： Unit 2 :What fun the Water Festival is! How fantastic the dragon boat teams were! " 一、陈述句和疑问句 1.陈述句 用来陈述一个事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫“陈述句”，句末用句号表示句子的陈述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。 (1)肯定句的基本结构：“主语+谓语+宾语”。例如：I play basketball after school. (2)否定句又分为完全否定和部分否定。
第六讲_并列句和复合句
第六讲并列句和复合句 教学目标: 1. 掌握并列句的构成和用法。 2. 熟练掌握宾语从句的构成和基本用法。 3．熟练掌握状语从句的构成和基本用法。 —、并列句 用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。 (一)并列句的构成 其结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。 (二)常用的并列连词 2．其他的并列连词有：then，while，when，not only...but also...,neither...。nor，either...or，as well as等。 二、复合句 复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构，主句是全句的主体，从句是主句中的一部分，不能独立存在。 根据从句在全句中的不同作用，从句可分为：宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在这里重点讲解宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。 (一)宾语从句
注意： whether和if引导宾语从句时，一般情况下可以互换，但在下列情况下须用whether，不能用if。 ①具有选择意义，宾语从句中有or或or not时。例如： We really don’t know whether news is true or not． 我们真的不知道这消息是否是真的。 ②在介词后接宾语从句或不定式时。例如： We are talking about whether we’ ll go back to our hometown．我们正在讨论是否回老家去。 ③作discuss等词的宾语时。例如： We discussed whether we should close the shop． 我们讨论了是否应该把商店关掉。 2．宾语从句的语序 宾语从句无论是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句意义，一律用陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”结构。句尾标点符号取决于主句。例如： Are you a student? He asks．→ He asks if you are a student． 他问你是否是学生。 Where does he work? Do you know?→ Do you know where he works? 你知道他在哪工作吗? 3．宾语从句的时态 (二)状语从句 1．时间状语从句 ①时态：当主句是一般将来时态或祈使句或含有将来的意义时，由when，as soon as，till／until，before引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。例如： As soon as he returns home，I’ ll let you know．他一回到家，我就告诉你。 ②引导词：由when，while，as，since，after，before，until／till，as soon as等连词引
英语简单句并列句复合句和练习题
英语简单句、并列句、复合句及练习 一、简单句 1、概述 只有一个主语和一个谓语动词的句子称为简单句。 I am a student.我是一个学生。 She likes English very much.她非常喜欢英语。 He usually does morning exercises on the playground.他常常在操场上做早操。 2、简单句的基本句型 英语简单句可分为五种基本句型，其它的句子可看成是这几种基本句型的扩展、组合、倒装、省略。这五个基本句式：主谓结构（S + V）；主系表结构（S + V + P ）；主谓宾结构（S + V + O ）；主谓双宾结构（S + V + IO + DO）；主谓宾补结构（S + V + O + C） 说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；O=宾语；IO=间接宾语；DO=直接宾语；C=宾语补足语 （1）主谓结构（S + V） 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。 He runs quickly．他跑得快。 They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。 Plants grow well all the year round.一年四季植物生长良好。 （2）主系表结构（S + V + P ） 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。 He seems interested in the book他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still．他静静地站着。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up．他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式。 He looked me up and down．他上下打量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant．他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish．他们在品尝鱼。
并列句和复合句
并列句和复合句 课标要求及命题趋势 句子的基本结构有三个:简单句,并列句,复合句.简单句已在上一讲中讲过.本讲我们主要说后两者.由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词and, but, for, so, or 等或分号连在一起构成的句子,叫并列句.而由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子,叫复合句.句子是考试的热点.特别是复合句更是必考内容.所以在学习时,要注意区别与联系. 一网打尽 并列句及并列连词 知识点复合句 主谓一致 指点迷津 一并列句 由连词连接两个分句组成的句子叫并列句。这些分句平行并列，而且同等重要，能够独立成句。连接分句的有并列连词和主从连词。 并列连词：and, but, or, nor, for, whereas, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but(also). 主从连词：so, therefore, however, still, yet, then等。 并列句中的前后两句可以根据意思或分为四种关系。 （1）同等关系and/not only…but also/neither…nor,用连词and, not only…but also, neither…nor或者用逗号，有时也用分号连接两个简单句，构成并列句。 如：He could neither read nor write He not only studies hard, but also likes sports. （2）转折关系but, yet, still, while, when, 用连词but, yet, still, while, when 连接两个句子时，前后两句为转折关系。 如：Tom was not there but his brother was (there). There was no news, nevertheless, she went on hoping. （3）选择关系or, either…or. 用连词or, either…or，连接两个句子时，前后两句为选择关系。
简单句、并列句与复合句之间的转换
简单句、并列句与复合句之间的转换 审稿：白雪雁责编：张敏 句型转换是句子类别的转换，其目的在于检测学生运用各种句型的表达能力，才能在考试的评分中得到较高档次的分数。这就要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，懂得各种句型如何转换，运用准确，这有利于提高英语口语和书面表达能力。 简单句与复合句之间的互变 很多复合句和简单句可以互变，意思上不发生太大的变化。在很多情况下，是将复合句里的从句变为一个短语。不论是主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，在一定的情况下都可以这样转换。 主语从句有时可以和短语互换，它既可以是不定式短语也可以是动名词短语。 (1) When and where we should hold the meeting is still to be discussed． →When and where to hold the meeting is still to be discussed． (2) It worried her a great deal that her son would stay up so late． →Her son’s staying up so late worried her a great deal． (3) What we had to do was to stand there，trying to catch the offender． →We had to stand there to catch the offender． 表语从句有时可以和短语互换，与它互换的可以是不定式短语和动名词短语。 My idea is that we should do it right now． →My idea is to do it fight now． 在某些动词的后面宾语从句可以和一个动名词短语或不定式短语互换． (1) I regret that I had told you the secret． →I regret telling you the secret． (3) They don’t know whether they shall carry out the old plan or not． →They don’t know whether to carry out the old plan or not． 个别的同位语从句也可以和一个短语互换。 The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging． →The news of our being invited to the conference is very encouraging 有些定语从句可以和一个不定式短语，分词短语或介词短语互换。 (1) Can those who are seated at the back of the classroom hear me? →Can those seated at the back of the classroom hear me? (2) What are the most important measures we should take? →What are the important measures to be taken? (3) The young man who was in the possession of the firm was at a desk． →The young man in the possession of the firm was at a desk． 状语从句和短语互换的情形很多，常用分词短语来替代状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件。用不定式短语来替代状语从句，表示目的、结果、原因；另外介词短语可以和表示时间、原因、条件、让步等状语从句互换。
简单句并列句复合句
简单句、并列句和复合句 （一）句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn 't hear of you before. 2 ）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating?How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can 3）祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don 't talaksisn cl 4 ）感叹句：How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种： 1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2）并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or 等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. （二）简单句的五种基本句型 1 、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student. 2 、主语+不及物动词：e.g. We work. 3、主语+及物动词+ 宾语：e.g. Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+ 双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+ 复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。 （三）并列句的分类 1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only …but also …,neither …nc等连接。n e.g. The teacher 's name is Smith, and the student ' s name is John. 2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either …or …,othen等Se e.g. Hurry up, or you ' ll miss the train. 3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when 等。 e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
并列句、复合句和连词精选中考试题
专题十四并列句、复合句和连词 1.(2017山东潍坊中考)—Boy, your head teacher has set up a WeChat group. Could you tell me? —OK, I’ll teach you.It’s so easy. A.how I join it B.why he sets it up C.what it is used for D.when it was set up 答案A句意:——儿子,你的校长建立了一个微信群。你能告诉我怎样加入吗?——好的,我来教你。那非常简单。本题考查宾语从句。根据句意可知选A。 2.(2017吉林中考)—Andy, I wonder the new sports clothes. —Of course by credit card. A.what you paid for B.how you paid for C.why you paid for 答案B句意:——Andy,我想知道你是怎么支付新运动衣的。——当然是通过信用卡。本题考查宾语从句。根据答语中的by可知应用提问方式的疑问词how,故选B项。 3.(2017吉林长春中考)—I want to know more about Hong Kong. Can you tell me ? —In 1997. A.when did it return to China B.when it returned to China C.when does it return to China D.when it returns to China 答案B句意:——我想更多地了解香港。你能告诉我它是什么时候回归中国的吗?——在1997年。根据句型结构可判断,本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句语序,A、C两项排除,根据“In 1997.”,可排除D选项,故选B。 4.(2016广西南宁中考)—Could you please tell me? —At 8:00 pm. A.when will the train leave B.when the train will leave C.where the train will go D.where will the train go 答案B句意:——你能告诉我火车什么时候离开吗?——晚上八点。本题考查宾语从句。根据答语排除C和D。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,故选B。 5.(2016天津中考)—Could you tell me you’ll go to Paris? —Next month. A.why B.where C.when D.how 答案C句意:——你能告诉我你将什么时候去巴黎吗?——下个月。本题考查宾语从句的连接词。why 为什么;where 在哪儿;when 什么时候;how 如何。根据回答可知选C项。 1
高中 简单句,并列句,复合句 练习 有答案
高中英语练习题------简单句,并列句,复合句 选择填空： 1. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, _____ ? A. do I B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they 2. _____ help if you can, and our country will improve more quickly and better. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 3. Lucy, you wash the dishes, _____ ? Mom, can’t Lily do it? It’s her turn to do it. A. don’t you B. can you C. shall you D. will you 4. I will not take an umbrella with me today. -- _____ it rains later on in the day? A. How B. What C. How about D. What if 5. Y ou ought to stay up late tonight, _____ you? Y es. I’ve got too much homework. A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t 6. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul, _____? A. can it B. can’t it C. can they D. can’t they 7. There used to be a church in the small town, _____? A. used there B. usedn’t there C. used it D. usedn’t it 8. She isn’t your neig hbour, is she? _____ . A. Y es, she isn’t B. No, she is C. Y es, she is D. No, isn’t she 9. _____ to be a PLA soldier when I was young. -- And now you are. A. How I wanted B. How did I want C. What I wanted D. What did I want 10. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _____ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of that 11. After ten years, she changed a lot and looked different from _____ she used to be. A. that B. whom C. what D. who 12. _____ is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 13. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ h e is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 14. Information has been put forward _____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 15. What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. what 16. The students of the music school study _____ . A. music but also some other subjects B. some other subjects as well as music C. music as well as some other subjects D. some other subjects and music 17. _____ air is to man, so is water to fish. A. Since B. Just C. Like D. As 18. There is plenty of rain in the south _____ there is little in the north. A. while B. as C. when D. so