高考英语阅读理解专题讲解 之 推理判断题 (共49张PPT)
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高考英语复习-专题一-阅读理解-第2讲-推理判断题市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖PPT课件
20/35
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，达尔文设想 了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而 我们的感官却非常弱，我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知， 世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂，故选 C 项。
21/35
A 项无中生有，最后一段并没有提及世界变化快慢的 信息；B 项颠倒是非，最后一段说人们的感官很弱，而 B 项“人们有比以前更强的感官”，两者正好相反；D 项偷 换概念，文章只是说“达尔文设想……”，并没有说达尔 文时期的人们想象力更加丰富。
2/35
suggest(暗示)、imply(暗指)、learn about(了解)、 conclude(结论)、indicate(暗示)等词语，例如：
①What can we infer about the woman mentioned in the text?
②What can we learn about Decio? ③What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?
10/35
33．What does the underlined phrase“the water catcher”in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The tube. B．The still. C．The hole. D．The cup. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的描述可知，制作 一个蒸馏器装置，需要挖一个四英尺宽、三英尺深的洞，
答案：D
9/35
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.”可 知，这些东西可以折叠放进小包中系在腰带上，由此可知这 一太阳能蒸馏器装置是“便携的”，故选 D 项。A 项中 delicate 意为“易碎的”， B 项中 expensive 意为“昂贵 的”，C 项中 complex 意为“复杂的”，均不符合文意。
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，达尔文设想 了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而 我们的感官却非常弱，我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知， 世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂，故选 C 项。
21/35
A 项无中生有，最后一段并没有提及世界变化快慢的 信息；B 项颠倒是非，最后一段说人们的感官很弱，而 B 项“人们有比以前更强的感官”，两者正好相反；D 项偷 换概念，文章只是说“达尔文设想……”，并没有说达尔 文时期的人们想象力更加丰富。
2/35
suggest(暗示)、imply(暗指)、learn about(了解)、 conclude(结论)、indicate(暗示)等词语，例如：
①What can we infer about the woman mentioned in the text?
②What can we learn about Decio? ③What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?
10/35
33．What does the underlined phrase“the water catcher”in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．The tube. B．The still. C．The hole. D．The cup. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的描述可知，制作 一个蒸馏器装置，需要挖一个四英尺宽、三英尺深的洞，
答案：D
9/35
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.”可 知，这些东西可以折叠放进小包中系在腰带上，由此可知这 一太阳能蒸馏器装置是“便携的”，故选 D 项。A 项中 delicate 意为“易碎的”， B 项中 expensive 意为“昂贵 的”，C 项中 complex 意为“复杂的”，均不符合文意。
高考英语二轮专题复习阅读之推理判断PPT教学课件
⑤Where would this passage most probably appear/come from ?
The passage is most likely a part of ... ...?
________________ 文章出处
⑥Who is the passage written for? Who are the intended/target readers of the passage?
What would an authoritative father do when raising his children? A. Ignore their demands. B. Make decisions for them. C. Control their behaviors. D. Explain the rules to them
__________文___章__/_段落隐含意义
②What does the author think of ... ...? What's the author's attitude toward... ...?
______________人_ 物观点态度
③ Which of the following do you think gives the most important trait(特 性)/quality/feelings of
正选项特点： ①原文意思间接表达（paraphrase) ② 紧扣文章主旨 ③常位于含有虚拟语气或情态动词（should,
might, , may) 的句中 干扰项特点 ： ①夸大事实 ②断章取义 ③无中生有 ④掺入常识 ⑤推理过头 ⑥原文原句
小试牛刀（B.AT.2hT0ehye1ya7rae全resad国distaoIpIppIao）ritnwteidthwthiteh
英语阅读理解专题推理判断题解题技巧ppt课件
10
考点击破 阅读下列短文或段落, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中, 选出最佳选项。
(1) [2009年广东卷]We once had a poster competition in
our fifth grade art class. …
Everyone in the class made a poster. Some of us used
14
42. What can we infer from the text? A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. D. Eating vegetables helps save energy. (2)B。第二段谈到许多人以各种不同借口不吃早餐，可 见他们对吃早餐有错误认识。
ten years earlier, the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA) says .
59. The report from NHTSA suggests that
.
A. fewer people were injured in crosswalks
(1)C。由“another grown-up trick of the sort …always— always—rewarding the same old winners(这是大人特别爱 玩的一个把戏：好象给每个人一个平等的机会，最后得奖 的却总是、总是那相同的几个人)”, “I can’t say that with any certainty(我没有把握)”和“I was still sitting at my desk, thinking, what poster?(我坐在座位上想，谁的广告 会得奖呢)”等可推断出，作者对自己得奖还是惊讶的。
考点击破 阅读下列短文或段落, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中, 选出最佳选项。
(1) [2009年广东卷]We once had a poster competition in
our fifth grade art class. …
Everyone in the class made a poster. Some of us used
14
42. What can we infer from the text? A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. D. Eating vegetables helps save energy. (2)B。第二段谈到许多人以各种不同借口不吃早餐，可 见他们对吃早餐有错误认识。
ten years earlier, the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA) says .
59. The report from NHTSA suggests that
.
A. fewer people were injured in crosswalks
(1)C。由“another grown-up trick of the sort …always— always—rewarding the same old winners(这是大人特别爱 玩的一个把戏：好象给每个人一个平等的机会，最后得奖 的却总是、总是那相同的几个人)”, “I can’t say that with any certainty(我没有把握)”和“I was still sitting at my desk, thinking, what poster?(我坐在座位上想，谁的广告 会得奖呢)”等可推断出，作者对自己得奖还是惊讶的。
高考英语阅读理解-推理判断题的解题技巧49219PPT课件
第二篇 阅读 第三节 推理判断题的解题技巧
1
所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息， 推断出未知的信息，即把有关的文字作为已知部分， 从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词 或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。此类考题 虽然没有明确的答案，但考生在理解全文的基础上可 以进行推理和判断其答案。广东卷中的推理判断题主 要包括推断隐含意思、推断目标读者、推断观点态度、 推断文章出处、推断写作意图等。尤以推断隐含意义 的题居多。
1．We can know from the passage that ________． 2. We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________． 3．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______． 4．It can be concluded from the passage that ________． 5．The underlined sentence indicates that ________．
8
解析： 推断隐含意义题。根据本段中的“But when the day eventually came，my nerves kicked in and the true Mr.Davis was there.”和“I sounded not like a thoughtful professor，but rather a 12yearold boy.”可知本题选C。
6.注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用 了too，excessively，rather等，则常带有否定的意味。
6
例 The position was offered at the last minute，and I was given two weeks to prepare，a period I spent searching for briefcase (公文包)and standing before my fulllength mirror， repeating the words ， “ Hello ， class.I'm Mr.Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice.Sometimes I would sound experienced.But when the day eventually came， my nerves kicked in and the true Mr.Davis was there.I sounded not like a thoughtful professor，but rather a 12yearold boy.
1
所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息， 推断出未知的信息，即把有关的文字作为已知部分， 从中推断出未知部分。据以推断的有关文字可能是词 或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。此类考题 虽然没有明确的答案，但考生在理解全文的基础上可 以进行推理和判断其答案。广东卷中的推理判断题主 要包括推断隐含意思、推断目标读者、推断观点态度、 推断文章出处、推断写作意图等。尤以推断隐含意义 的题居多。
1．We can know from the passage that ________． 2. We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________． 3．The passage/author implies/suggests that ______． 4．It can be concluded from the passage that ________． 5．The underlined sentence indicates that ________．
8
解析： 推断隐含意义题。根据本段中的“But when the day eventually came，my nerves kicked in and the true Mr.Davis was there.”和“I sounded not like a thoughtful professor，but rather a 12yearold boy.”可知本题选C。
6.注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用 了too，excessively，rather等，则常带有否定的意味。
6
例 The position was offered at the last minute，and I was given two weeks to prepare，a period I spent searching for briefcase (公文包)and standing before my fulllength mirror， repeating the words ， “ Hello ， class.I'm Mr.Davis.” Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice.Sometimes I would sound experienced.But when the day eventually came， my nerves kicked in and the true Mr.Davis was there.I sounded not like a thoughtful professor，but rather a 12yearold boy.
高考英语阅读理解专项突破之推理判断题解题技巧与策略课件
r about ...?
The first two paragraphs suggest that ________.
Which of the following statements does the passage
用
support?
好
What does the author think of ...?
推理判断题中的正确选项是依据文章的事实或证据推断出的符合逻辑的结论或观点，正确选项一般具 有以下特征： 1．“立足原文，只推一步”，即根据原文内容，一步即可推得。 2．选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念。如only, never, all, absolutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊， 会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably等。
阅读理解之推理判断题 解题技法
题型特点
(一)推理判断题题干常用词 一般来说，推理判断题题干中主要包括下面的词语：know about, learn from, infer, imply, suggest,
onclude, purpose, attitude, probably, most likely等。 (二)推理判断题正确选项特征
实 例 分 析
例子2
We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of
something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well
The first two paragraphs suggest that ________.
Which of the following statements does the passage
用
support?
好
What does the author think of ...?
推理判断题中的正确选项是依据文章的事实或证据推断出的符合逻辑的结论或观点，正确选项一般具 有以下特征： 1．“立足原文，只推一步”，即根据原文内容，一步即可推得。 2．选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念。如only, never, all, absolutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊， 会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably等。
阅读理解之推理判断题 解题技法
题型特点
(一)推理判断题题干常用词 一般来说，推理判断题题干中主要包括下面的词语：know about, learn from, infer, imply, suggest,
onclude, purpose, attitude, probably, most likely等。 (二)推理判断题正确选项特征
实 例 分 析
例子2
We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of
something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well
【高考】英语阅读理解专项攻略—推理判断题ppt课件
Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to
fly.The Transition is now follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.
推理判断题通常要求考生不仅要理解原文的文字信息，而且还要进行一定的判断和推理，并以此推断出文章的隐含意义。
一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。
special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受伤）each year.
4.The fact... Is mentioned by the author to
【典型考例】
(2018全国Ⅰ·B)
Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to
grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.
This passage would be most likely to be found in_____
fly.The Transition is now follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.
推理判断题通常要求考生不仅要理解原文的文字信息，而且还要进行一定的判断和推理，并以此推断出文章的隐含意义。
一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。
special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured（受伤）each year.
4.The fact... Is mentioned by the author to
【典型考例】
(2018全国Ⅰ·B)
Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to
grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.
This passage would be most likely to be found in_____
高考英语阅读理解推理题ppt课件
Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she's developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”， however, McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and “how” questions. According to McLean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”
推理题在提问中常用的词有： infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。
4
细节推断题
通过定义、定语从句/词组或同位语从句/词组等来 确定词义。
1. 直接定义：如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定 义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。 如： In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.
2
思路点拨：B 推理判断题。Swansea定位，讲到父 亲会从Swansea起航，我们带给他family photograph的目 的是be kept with him和keep him safe，推断出我们是去 给父亲送行。
推理题在提问中常用的词有： infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。
4
细节推断题
通过定义、定语从句/词组或同位语从句/词组等来 确定词义。
1. 直接定义：如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定 义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。 如： In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.
2
思路点拨：B 推理判断题。Swansea定位，讲到父 亲会从Swansea起航，我们带给他family photograph的目 的是be kept with him和keep him safe，推断出我们是去 给父亲送行。
高三英语阅读理解专题— 推理判断题课件(共29张)
• Where is the text probably taken from?
• A. A book review. B. A news report.
• C. A magazine. D. A martial arts novel.
技巧1：从文章体裁或出处推断写作目的 1. Question forms: (1) 考查整篇文章的写作目的 A. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to _. B. In writing the passage, the author intends to _____.
2.考点解读
专题一 阅读理解
3.专题整合&4. 考题讲练
推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语 篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理， 从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。常出现的推理 有逻辑推理、知识推理等。这类考题中常出现的词有 infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably, most likely, can, could, might, may 等。下面结合试题对不同类型的 推理判断题进行讲解。
•
holmwood, who has also translated works by other
contemporary chinese authors, said she became very involved
in the details and admired jin yong’s brilliant writing. as a fan of
2. Probable answers:
• A. A book review. B. A news report.
• C. A magazine. D. A martial arts novel.
技巧1：从文章体裁或出处推断写作目的 1. Question forms: (1) 考查整篇文章的写作目的 A. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is to _. B. In writing the passage, the author intends to _____.
2.考点解读
专题一 阅读理解
3.专题整合&4. 考题讲练
推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语 篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理， 从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。常出现的推理 有逻辑推理、知识推理等。这类考题中常出现的词有 infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably, most likely, can, could, might, may 等。下面结合试题对不同类型的 推理判断题进行讲解。
•
holmwood, who has also translated works by other
contemporary chinese authors, said she became very involved
in the details and admired jin yong’s brilliant writing. as a fan of
2. Probable answers:
高考英语阅读理解专题讲解 之 推理判断题 (共49张PPT)
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，”Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
◆We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.
这类题常见的设问方式有： • What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? • The next paragraph would most probably deal with_________.
选项特点
正确选项特点 不是文中直接或明确说明的内容, 是间接表达出来
◆What is the author's attitude to the future of self－driving cars？______
A．Doubtful.
B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.
D．Sympathetic.
作者写文章的目的通常有三种： to entertain readers 常见于故事类的文章； to persuade readers 常见于广告或议论文； to inform readers 常见于文化类、社会类、科普类、新闻报道类文章。
考生可以根据不同的文体特点来快速确定主题句，把握文章主旨。常 见文体确定写作意图的方法如下： 1．记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现隐含作者写作意图的总结性语言，
全文围绕此总结性语言展开陈述。 2．说明文：一般会在文中反复出现所要说明的事物Fra bibliotek者道理，作者的写
◆We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.
这类题常见的设问方式有： • What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? • The next paragraph would most probably deal with_________.
选项特点
正确选项特点 不是文中直接或明确说明的内容, 是间接表达出来
◆What is the author's attitude to the future of self－driving cars？______
A．Doubtful.
B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.
D．Sympathetic.
作者写文章的目的通常有三种： to entertain readers 常见于故事类的文章； to persuade readers 常见于广告或议论文； to inform readers 常见于文化类、社会类、科普类、新闻报道类文章。
考生可以根据不同的文体特点来快速确定主题句，把握文章主旨。常 见文体确定写作意图的方法如下： 1．记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现隐含作者写作意图的总结性语言，
全文围绕此总结性语言展开陈述。 2．说明文：一般会在文中反复出现所要说明的事物Fra bibliotek者道理，作者的写
高考英语阅读理解：推理题 课件
细节理解题（文章长，先读重点；题干长， 抓定位词；句子长，准确划分） 推理判断题（难度max） 词义猜测题（有解释、有逻辑、扣主旨） 主旨大意题（捋顺行文脉络&全局意识） Why推理判断题最难？？？
分个类 （题目标志词： infer/learn/imply/suggest） *高级细节题 *隐形主旨题 *观点态度题 *写作目的题 *文章出处题
If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news,and good news is no news. Those are the
classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控)in different ways, researchers are
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can't handle this non-native species(物 种). It's destroying the environment. It's them or us." says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
thing, at least here in New York." Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while
分个类 （题目标志词： infer/learn/imply/suggest） *高级细节题 *隐形主旨题 *观点态度题 *写作目的题 *文章出处题
If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news,and good news is no news. Those are the
classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控)in different ways, researchers are
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can't handle this non-native species(物 种). It's destroying the environment. It's them or us." says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
thing, at least here in New York." Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while
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行合理的推断。 作者或者文中人物的态度和观点无非就是三类：支持、赞同、乐观；
反对、批评、怀疑、悲观；中立、客观。熟悉如下有关作者情感、态度的词语。 褒义词：supportive(支持的)，positive(积极的)，optimistic(乐观的)， enthusiastic(热情的)等。 贬义语：negative(否定的，消极的)，ironic(讽刺的)，critical(批评的)， disgusted(厌恶的)，disappointed(失望的)等。 中性词：indifferent(漠不关心的)，uninterested(不感兴趣的)， objective(客观的)，neutral(中立的)等。
二、设问方式及选项特点
设问方式：
2、文章出处推断题 这类题常见的设问方式有：
• The passage is most likely to be taken from______. • Where would this passage most probably appear? • The passage is most likely a part of______. 3、上下文推断题
根据“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves”和最后一段 的内容可知，老师让学生参加竞选演说不 仅仅是让学生们学会在公开场合演说，更 重要的是让他们发现自己的长处，从而树 立自信。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的
的，除符合文章主旨外，还符合逻辑。正确选项大多含 义深刻,不是常识选项。我们解答此类题目时，千万不 能以自己的观点代替作者的观点，推理的根据一定来自 于上下文。
选项特点
干扰项特点
(1)偷换概念：利用了原文的一部分结构和词汇，但在一些位 置换掉个别词，造成了语义的变化。
(2)扩大或缩小范围：对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度 进行了扩大或缩小处理。
A．help students see their own strengths B．assess students' public speaking skills C．prepare students for their future jobs D．inspire students' love for politics
考生可以根据不同的文体特点来快速确定主题句，把握文章主旨。常 见文体确定写作意图的方法如下： 1．记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现隐含作者写作意图的总结性语言，
全文围绕此总结性语言展开陈述。 2．说明文：一般会在文中反复出现所要说明的事物或者道理，作者的写
作图意就在其中。 3．议论文：文章结构一般为提出论点—进行论证—得出结论，作者的写
这类题常见的设问方式有： • What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? • The next paragraph would most probably deal with_________.
选项特点
正确选项特点 不是文中直接或明确说明的内容, 是间接表达出来
presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably.The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.
2、“找”。通过寻读法(scanning)，用题干中的关 键词在文中搜索，迅速确定相关词句 或信息点所在的位置。
3、“推”。在找到关键词句后，要仔细阅读，对比 选项，不但要理解相关信息的字面意 义，而且要由表及里，由浅入深的分 析推理，从而理解作者的言外之意。
Whaley got the idea of this second－grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.
Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social，political and scientific progress.But it's also that he
长处”，与原文意思相符。
文章作者或者文中人物 对某事物所持的态度或者观点往往隐含在字里 行间或者流露于修饰词之中，这就要注意作者或文中人物的措辞。 ①正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思。切不可用自己的观点来代替作
者或文中人物的观点。 ②留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。 ③结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来进
writer and publisher，famous and beloved，who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to
作意图往往在结论之中。 4．广告类应用文：全文会对所介绍的商品、服务内容等进行详尽的叙述，
作者的写作意图相对明显。
In 1812，the year Charles Dickens was born，there were 66 novels published in
Britain... In 1870，when Dickens died，the world mourned him as its first professional
◆What is the author's attitude to the future of self－driving cars？______
A．Doubtful.
B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.
D．Sympathetic.
作者写文章的目的通常有三种： to entertain readers 常见于故事类的文章； to persuade readers 常见于广告或议论文； to inform readers 常见于文化类、社会类、科普类、新闻报道类文章。
Preparing Cities for Robot Cars The possibility of self－driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream，years away from materializing in the real world.Well，the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self－driving cars on public roads.The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self－driving cars... Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car － controlled transportation system we have today.The coming technological advancement
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，”Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
◆We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.
Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones... How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories，
literature is a numbers game，and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age，from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half－dozen of them.It's partly true that
反对、批评、怀疑、悲观；中立、客观。熟悉如下有关作者情感、态度的词语。 褒义词：supportive(支持的)，positive(积极的)，optimistic(乐观的)， enthusiastic(热情的)等。 贬义语：negative(否定的，消极的)，ironic(讽刺的)，critical(批评的)， disgusted(厌恶的)，disappointed(失望的)等。 中性词：indifferent(漠不关心的)，uninterested(不感兴趣的)， objective(客观的)，neutral(中立的)等。
二、设问方式及选项特点
设问方式：
2、文章出处推断题 这类题常见的设问方式有：
• The passage is most likely to be taken from______. • Where would this passage most probably appear? • The passage is most likely a part of______. 3、上下文推断题
根据“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves”和最后一段 的内容可知，老师让学生参加竞选演说不 仅仅是让学生们学会在公开场合演说，更 重要的是让他们发现自己的长处，从而树 立自信。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的
的，除符合文章主旨外，还符合逻辑。正确选项大多含 义深刻,不是常识选项。我们解答此类题目时，千万不 能以自己的观点代替作者的观点，推理的根据一定来自 于上下文。
选项特点
干扰项特点
(1)偷换概念：利用了原文的一部分结构和词汇，但在一些位 置换掉个别词，造成了语义的变化。
(2)扩大或缩小范围：对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度 进行了扩大或缩小处理。
A．help students see their own strengths B．assess students' public speaking skills C．prepare students for their future jobs D．inspire students' love for politics
考生可以根据不同的文体特点来快速确定主题句，把握文章主旨。常 见文体确定写作意图的方法如下： 1．记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现隐含作者写作意图的总结性语言，
全文围绕此总结性语言展开陈述。 2．说明文：一般会在文中反复出现所要说明的事物或者道理，作者的写
作图意就在其中。 3．议论文：文章结构一般为提出论点—进行论证—得出结论，作者的写
这类题常见的设问方式有： • What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph? • The next paragraph would most probably deal with_________.
选项特点
正确选项特点 不是文中直接或明确说明的内容, 是间接表达出来
presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people，and more affordably.The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.
2、“找”。通过寻读法(scanning)，用题干中的关 键词在文中搜索，迅速确定相关词句 或信息点所在的位置。
3、“推”。在找到关键词句后，要仔细阅读，对比 选项，不但要理解相关信息的字面意 义，而且要由表及里，由浅入深的分 析推理，从而理解作者的言外之意。
Whaley got the idea of this second－grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.
Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social，political and scientific progress.But it's also that he
长处”，与原文意思相符。
文章作者或者文中人物 对某事物所持的态度或者观点往往隐含在字里 行间或者流露于修饰词之中，这就要注意作者或文中人物的措辞。 ①正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思。切不可用自己的观点来代替作
者或文中人物的观点。 ②留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。 ③结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来进
writer and publisher，famous and beloved，who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to
作意图往往在结论之中。 4．广告类应用文：全文会对所介绍的商品、服务内容等进行详尽的叙述，
作者的写作意图相对明显。
In 1812，the year Charles Dickens was born，there were 66 novels published in
Britain... In 1870，when Dickens died，the world mourned him as its first professional
◆What is the author's attitude to the future of self－driving cars？______
A．Doubtful.
B．Positive.
C．Disapproving.
D．Sympathetic.
作者写文章的目的通常有三种： to entertain readers 常见于故事类的文章； to persuade readers 常见于广告或议论文； to inform readers 常见于文化类、社会类、科普类、新闻报道类文章。
Preparing Cities for Robot Cars The possibility of self－driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream，years away from materializing in the real world.Well，the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self－driving cars on public roads.The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self－driving cars... Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car － controlled transportation system we have today.The coming technological advancement
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，”Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
◆We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to _________.
Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones... How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories，
literature is a numbers game，and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age，from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a half－dozen of them.It's partly true that