最新⑧湖南省长郡中学2018届高三月考试题
2018年最新 湖南省长郡中学2018届高三第五次月考试卷
湖南省长郡中学2018届高三第五次月考试卷数学（理）试卷2018-01-18一、选择题（每小题5分共50分） 1、不等式xx 1log 2-≥1的解集为 ( ) A ．(]1,-∞- B ．[)∞+-,1 C ．[)0,1- D ．(]()∞+-∞-,01, 2、在(2x －x 2)5的展开式中x1的系数等于 （ ） A ．10B ．－10C ．20D ．－203、用红、黄、蓝、绿四种颜色给图中的A 、B 、C 、D 四个小方格涂色（允许只用其中几种），使邻区（有公共边的小格）不同色，则不同的涂色方式种数为 （ ）.A 、24；B 、36；C 、72；D 、84.4、1-=a 是直线03301)12(=++=+-+ay x y a ax 和直线垂直的 （ ）A ．充分而不必要的条件B ．必要而不充分的条件C ．充要条件D ．既不充分又不必要的条件5、定义A D D C C B B A ****,,,的运算分别对应下图中的(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)，那么下图中的（A ）、（B ）所对应的运算结果可能是: （ ）（1） （2） （3） （4） （A ） （B ） A .D A D B **, B .C A D B **, C .D A C B **, D . D A D C **,6、 定义在R 上的函数()f x 既是奇函数又是周期函数，若()f x 的最小正周期是π，且当x∈[0,2π)，()sin f x x =，则8()3f π的值为 ( )AB CDA.2 B. 2- C. 12 D. 12-7、 一个人以6米/秒的速度去追停在交通灯前的汽车，当他离汽车25米时，交通灯由红变绿，汽车以1米 / 秒2的加速度匀加速开走，那么 （ ） A ．人可在7米内追上汽车 B ．人可在10米内追上汽车C ．人追不上汽车,其间距离最近为5米D ．人追不上汽车,其间距离最近为7米8、已知两个不同的平面α、β和两条不重合的直线 m 、n ，有下列四个命题 ①若α⊥m n m ,//，则α⊥n②若βαβα//,,则⊥⊥m m③若βαβα⊥⊂⊥则,,//,n n m m ④若n m n m //,,,//则=βαα其中正确命题的个数是 （ ）A ．0个B ．1个C ．2个D ．3个9、如图，1l 、2l 、3l 是同一平面内的三条平行直线，1l 与2l 间的距离是1，2l 与3l 间的距离是2，正三角形ABC 的三顶点分别在1l 、2l 、3l 上，则⊿ABC 的边长是 （ ）A ．．364 C D ．310、甲袋中装有3个白球5个黑球，乙袋中装有4个白球6个黑球，现从甲袋中随机取出一个球放入乙袋中，充分混合后再从乙袋中随机取出一个球放回甲袋，则甲袋中白球没有减少的概率为 （ ）A ．4437B ．4425 C ．4435 D ．449 二、填空题（每小题5分共25分）11、0)3)(2)(1(,)65()32()21(=---++=t t t x t xxx的方程则关于设 的所有实数解之和为 .12. 在小时候，我们就用手指练习过数数. 一个小朋友按如图所示的 规则练习数数，数到2018时对应的指头是___________. (填出指头的名称，各指头的名称依次为大拇指、食指、中指、 无名指、小指).13．要得到cos(2)4y x π=-的图象,且使平移的距离最短，则需将sin 2y x =的图象向左平移 ____个单位．14、过直线l ：9y x =+上的一点P 作一个长轴最短的椭圆，使其焦点为()()123,0,3,0F F -，则椭圆的方程为 .15、设D 为△ABC 的边AB 上一点，P 为△ABC 内一点，且满足34AD AB =, 25AP AD BC =+，则APD ABCSS =△△ ____________。
长郡中学2018界高三月考试卷
长郡中学2018界高三月考试卷（二）数 学（文科）长郡高三文科数学备课组组稿本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共8页。
时量120分钟。
满分150分。
第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.下列集合中，是集合{}x x x A 5|2<=的真子集的是（ ）A ．{}5,2B ．()∞+，6 C ．()5,0 D ．()5,1 2.某市国庆节7天假期的楼房认购量（单位：套）与成交量（单位：套）的折线图如图所示，小明同学根据折线图对这7天的认购量与成交量做出如下判断：①日成交量的中位数是16；②日成交量超过日平均成交量的有2天；③认购量与日期正相关；④10月7日认购量的增量大于10月7日成交量的增量，上述判断中错误的个数为（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．43.设复数()R b bi z ∈+=1，且4i 3z 2+-=，则z 的虚部为（ ）A ．2-B ．4-C ．2D ．44.如图，在一个棱长为2的正方体鱼缸内放入一个倒置的无底圆锥形容器，圆锥的上底圆周与鱼缸的底面正方形相切，圆锥的顶点在鱼缸的缸底上，现在向鱼缸内随机地投入一粒鱼食，则“鱼食能被鱼缸内在圆锥外面的鱼吃到”的概率是（ ）A ．41π-B ．12π C. 4π D ．121π- 5.在等比数列{}n a 中，若84,a a 是方程0232=+-x x 的两根，则6a 的值是（ ） A ．2± B ．2- C.2 D ．2±6.若点()y x P ,在线段AB 上运动，且()()2004，，，B A ，设y x T 22l o g lo g +=，则（ ）A ．T 有最大值2B ．T 有最小值1 C.T 有最大值1 D ．T 没有最大值和最小值7.中国古代数学名著《九章算术》中记载了公元前344年商鞅督造一种标准量器一商鞅铜方升，其三视图如图所示（单位：寸），若π取3，其体积为12.6（立方寸），则图中的x 为（ ）A ．1.2B ．1.6 C.1.8 D ．2.48.变量y x 、满足条件⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧->≤≤+-1101x y y x ，则()222y x +-的最小值为（ ）A ．223 B ．5 C.5 D ．299.已知函数()x x x f 2cos sin =，则下列关于函数()x f 的结论中，错误的是（ ） A ．最大值为1 B ．图象关于直线2π-=x 对称 C.既是奇函数又是周期函数 D ．图象关于点⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛0,43x 中心对称10.已知函数()a x f x x --=+124没有零点，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ） A ．1-<a B ．0≤a C. 0≥a D ．1-≤a11.在ABC ∆中，角C B A ,,的对边分别为c b a ,,，若ABC ∆为锐角三角形，且满足()C B cos 21sin +C A C A sin cos cos sin 2+=，则下列等式成立的是（ ）A ．b a 2=B ．a b 2= C.B A 2= D ．A B 2=12.已知函数()e e x ea x x f ,1(13≤≤++-=是自然对数的底）与()x x g ln 3=的图象上存在关于x 轴对称的点，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ）A ．[]403-e ， B ．⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡+21,03e ， C.⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-+4,213e eD ．[)+∞-,43e第Ⅱ卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分.第13-21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答.第22-23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答.二、填空题（每题5分，满分20分，将答案填在答题纸上）13.向量()()2,1,2,==b m a ，若b a ⊥，则=+b a ．14.已知函数()xexx x f 22+=，()x f '为()x f 的导函数，则()0'f 的值为 ． 15.已知θ为锐角，且5528cos =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+πθ，则=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-42tan πθ ． 16.正方体的8个顶点中，有4个恰是正四面体的顶点，则正方体与正四面体的表面积之比为 ．三、解答题 （本大题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.）17. ABC ∆的内角C B A ,,的对边分别为c b a ,,，已知2sin 8)sin(2BC A =+. （Ⅰ）求B cos ；（Ⅱ）若6=+c a ，ABC ∆的面积为2，求b . 18. 设数列n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且1212--=n n S ，{}n b 为等差数列，且()112211,a b b a b a =-=.（Ⅰ）求数列n a 和{}n b 的通项公式； （Ⅱ）设nnn a b c =，求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n T . 19. 如图，在四棱锥ABCD P -中，⊥PD 平面ABCD ,地面ABCD 是菱形， 60=∠BAD ,2=AB ,O PD ，6=为AC 与BD 的交点，E 为棱PB 上一点.（Ⅰ）证明：平面⊥EAC 平面PBD ；（Ⅱ）若//PD 平面EAC ，求三棱锥EAD P -的体积.20. A 市积极倡导学生参与绿色环保活动，其中代号为“环保卫士-12369”的绿色环保活动小组对2014年1月-2014年12月内空气质量指数API 进行监测，如表是在这一年随机抽取的100天的统计结果：（Ⅰ）若A 市某企业每天由空气污染造成的经济损失P （单位：元）与空气质量指数API（记为t ）的关系为：3003001001000,1500,40040>≤<≤≤⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-=t t t t P ，，在这一年内随机抽取一天，估计该天经济损失(]600200，∈P 元的概率； （Ⅱ）若本次抽取的样本数据有30天是在供暖季节，其中有8天为中度污染，完成22⨯列联表，并判断是否有95%的把握认为A 市本年度空气中度污染与供暖有关？下面临界值表供参考.参考公式：*++++-=))()()(()(22d b c a d c b a be ad n K 21. 已知函数()()()()R a x x a xf ∈---=ln 212.（Ⅰ）若曲线()()x x f x g +=上点()()11g ，处的切线过点()2,0，求函数()x g 的单调减区间；（Ⅱ）若函数()x f y =在⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛2,10，上无零点，求a 的最小值.请考生在22、23两题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题记分.22.选修4-4：坐标系与参数方程在直角坐标系xOy 中，以原点O 为极点，以x 轴正半轴为极轴，圆C 的极坐标方程为⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=4cos 24πθρ.（Ⅰ）将圆C 的极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程；（Ⅱ）过点)02(，P 作斜率为1的直线l 与圆C 交于B A ,两点，试求PBPA 11+的值. 23.选修4-5：不等式选讲已知函数()|121|+--=x x x f 的最大值为k . （Ⅰ）求k 的值； （Ⅱ）若()0,0211>>=+n m k nm ，求证：22≥+n m .炎德·英才大联考长郡中学2018届高三月考试卷（二）数学（文科）参考答案一、选择题1-5:DCAAC 6-10:CBCDA 11、12：AA二、填空题13.5 14.2 15.43-16.1:3 三、解答题17.【解析】（Ⅰ）∵()2sin 8sin 2B C A =+, ∴()B B cos 14sin -=，∵1cos sin 22=+B B ，∴()1cos cos 11622=+-B B ，∴()()01cos 15cos 17=--B B , ∴1715cos =B . （Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知178sin =B ， ∵2sin 21=∙=∆B ac S ABC ， ∴217=ac ， ∴17152172cos 222222⨯⨯-+=-+=c a B ac c a b()415173615215222=--=--+=-+=ac c a c a ，∴2=b .18. 【解析】（Ⅰ）当1=n 时，111==S a ， 当2≥n 时，121121212212----=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=-=n n n n n n S S a ， 经验证当1=n 时，此式也成立，所以121-=n n a ， 从而2,1211211==-==a a b b a b ， 又因为{}n b 为等差数列，所以公差()12211,2-=⋅-+=∴=n n b d n ， 故数列{}n a 和{}n b 通项公式分别为：12,211-==-n b a n n n . （Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）可知()112122112--⋅-=-=n n n n n c ， 所以()1210212252321-⋅-++⨯+⨯+⨯=n n n T ……①①2⨯得()()n n n n n T 21223225232121321⋅-+⋅-++⨯+⨯+⨯=- ……② ①-②得：()()n n n n T 2122222112⋅--++++=--()()()()n n n n n n n n 2323212421212212122111∙---=∙---+=∙----+=+-.∴数列{}n c 的前n 项和()n n n T 2323∙-+=.19. 【解析】（Ⅰ）证明：∵⊥PD 平面ABCD ,⊂AC 平面ABCD ， ∴PD AC ⊥.∵四边形ABCD 是菱形，∴BD AC ⊥.又∵D BD PD = ,∴⊥AC 平面PBD . 而⊂AC 平面EAC ,∴平面⊥EAC 平面PBD .（Ⅱ）∵//PD 平面EAC ,平面 EAC 平面OE PBD =, ∴OE PD //,∵O 是BD 中点，∴E 是PB 中点.取AD 中点H ，连结BH ，∵四边形ABCD 是菱形，60=∠BAD ，∴AD BH ⊥,又⊥∴=⊥BH D PD AD PD BH ,. 平面PAD ,323==AB BH . ∴PAD B PAD E EAD P V V V ---==212236221613121=⨯⨯⨯⨯=⨯⨯⨯=∆BH S PAD .20. 【解析】（Ⅰ）设“在本年内随机抽取一天，该天经济损失()600200，∈P 元”为事件A . 由6004004200≤-<t ，得250150≤<t ，额数为39， ∴10039)(=A P . （Ⅱ）根据题中数据得到如表：2K 的观测值()841.3575.47030158572286310022>≈⨯⨯⨯⨯-⨯⨯=K 所以有95%的把握认为A 市本年度空气中度污染与供暖有关. 21. 【解析】（Ⅰ）∵()()()x a x a x g ln 223----=，∴()xa x g 23'--=，∴()a g -=11'， 又()11=g ，∴101211-=--=-a ，解得：2=a . 由()02223'<-=--=xx x x g ，解得：20<<x ， ∴函数()x g 在（0,2）递减；（Ⅱ）∵()0<x f 在⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛210，恒成立不可能，故要使()x f 在⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛210，无零点，只需任意()0,21,0>⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛∈x f x 恒成立，即对1ln 22),21,0(-->∈∀x xa x 恒成立，令())21,0(,1ln 22∈--=x x x x l ， 则()()2122ln 2'--+=x x x x l ， 再令()22ln 2-+=x x x m ，)21,0(∈x ， 则()0)1(2'2<--=xx x m ， 故()x m 在⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛210，递减，于是()02ln 2221>-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛>m x m ，从而()0'>x l ，于是()x l 在⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛210，递增， ∴()2ln 4221-=<lx l ， 故要使1ln 22-->x x a 在⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛210，恒成立，只要[)+∞-∈,2ln 42a ， 综上，若函数()x f y =在⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛210，上无零点，则a 的最小值是2ln 42-. 22. 【解析】（Ⅰ）由)4cos(24π+=θρ，可得θθρsin 4cos 4-=，∴θρθρρsin 4cos 42-=，∴y x y x 4422-=+，即8)2()2(22=++-y x ；（Ⅱ）过点)02(，P 作斜率为1的直线l 的参数方程为⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=+=,22,222t y t x 代入8)2()2(22=++-y x 得04222=-+t t ，B A ,对应的参数为21,t t ，则4222121-=-=+t t t t ，，由t 的意义可得261111212121=-=+=+t t t t t t PB PA . 23. 【解析】（Ⅰ）∵()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-≤+<<---≥--=,1,3,11,13,1,3x x x x x x x f∴()x f 的最大值为()21=-f ，因此2=k . （Ⅱ）证明：由（Ⅰ）可得：)0,(,2211>=+n m nm . ∴222221122221211)2(212=∙⨯+≥⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++=+n m m n n m m n n m n m n m ，当且仅当12==n m 时取等号.∴22≥+n m .。
2018届湖南省长沙市长郡中学高三上学期第四次月考理科数学试卷及答案
长郡中学高三数学备课组组稿 （考试范围：高考全部内容）本试题卷包括选择题、填空题和解答题三部分，共8页，时量120分钟．满分150分，一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．已知集合{}{}2|05,,|4M x x x N N x x =<<∈==，下列结论成立的是 A.N M ⊆ B.M N M = C.M N N = D.{}2M N = 2．下列命题中，真命题是 A ．00,0x x R e ∃∈≤B. 3,3x x R x ∀∈>C ．“0a b -=”的充分不必要条件是“1a b=” D ．“22x a b >+”是“2x ab >”的必要不充分条件3．已知非零向量a ，b 满足a+b 与a-b 的夹角是2π，那么下列结论中一定成立的是A.a b =B.a=bC.a b ⊥D.a ∥b炎德·英才大联考长郡中学2018届高三月考试卷（四）数 学（理科）4．设以13434(),(),log 43x x a b c x -===，若x>l ，则a ，b ，c 的大小关系是A ．a<b<c ．B ．c<a<bC ．b<a<cD ．b<c<a 5．某几何体的三视图如图所示，则它的体积是A. 3B. 5C. 7D. 9 6．双曲线的中心在坐标原点O ，A 、C 分别为双曲线虚轴的上、下顶点，B 是双曲线的左顶点，F 是双曲线的左焦点，直线AB 与FC 相交于D ，若双曲线离心率为2，则BDF ∠的余弦值为 A．7 B．7 C．14D．147．如图，已知圆22:(4)(4)4M x y -+-=，四 边形ABCD 为圆M 的内接正方形，E 、F 分别为边AB ，AD 的中点，当正方形ABCD 绕圆心M 转动时，ME OF ⋅的取值范围是A．⎡-⎣ B ．[]8,8- C．⎡-⎣ D ．[]4,4-8．已知(0,)2x π∈，且函数212sin ()sin 2xf x x+=的最小值为b ，若函数()g x =21(),42864(0),4x x bx x πππ⎧-<<⎪⎪⎨⎪-+<≤⎪⎩，则不等式()1g x ≤的解集为A．22π⎫⎪⎢⎪⎣⎭ B．42π⎫⎪⎪⎣⎭ C．66π⎤⎥⎣⎦ D．66π⎤⎥⎣⎦选择题答题卡二、填空题：本大题共8个小题，考生做答7小题，每小题5分，共35分．把答案填在答题卡中对应题号后的横线上．（一）选做题（请考生在第9、10、11三题中任选两题作答，如果全做，则按前2题给分）9．在极坐标系中，圆C 的极坐标方程为：22cos 0ρρθ+=，点P 的极坐标为(2,)2π，过点P 作圆C 的切线，则两条切线夹角的正切值是________. 10．已知a ，b ，c ∈R ，且228a b c ++=，则222(1)(2)(3)a b c -+++-的最小值是_______.11.如图，AB 是半圆O 的直径，C 在半圆上，CD ⊥AB 于 点D ，且AD=3DB ，AE= EO ，设CED θ∠=，则tan 2θ= ___________.（二）必做题（12至16题）12．在281()x x-的展开式中x 的系数是__________.（用数字作答）13.执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出的结果为___________．14.设区域{}(,)|02,02,,A a c a c a c R =<<<<∈，若任 取点(,)a c A ∈，则关于x 的方程220ax x c ++=有实 根的概率为____________．15.已知函数()3x f x x e =+-的定义域为R ． (l)则函数()f x 的零点个数为___________； (2)对于给定的实数k ，已知函数()k f x = (),(),,()f x f x k k f x k ≤⎧⎨>⎩,若对任意x ∈R ，恒有()()k f x f x =，则k 的最小值为__________．16.在数1和2之间插入n 个正数，使得这n+2个数构成递增等比数列，将这n+2个数的乘积记为n A ，令2log ,n n a A n N *=∈． (1)数列{}n a 的通项公式为n a =____________；(2)2446222tan tan tan tan tan tan n n n T a a a a a a +=⋅+⋅+⋅⋅⋅+⋅=___________． 三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共75分，解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤．17.（本小题满分12分）已知三角形的三内角A 、B 、C 的对边为a ，b ，c ，且△ABC 的面积为cos C (1)若a=l ，b=2，求c 的值． (2)若1a =，且43A ππ≤≤，求b 的取值范围．18.（本小题满分12分）为了解某班学生关注NBA 是否与性别有关，对本班48人进行了问卷调查得到如下的列联表：已知在全班48人中随机抽取一人，抽到关注NBA 的学生的概率为23．(l)请将上面的列表补充完整（不用写计算过程），并判断是否有95%的把握认为关注NBA 与性别有关？说明你的理由．(2)现从女生中抽取2人进行进一步调查，设其中关注NBA 的人数为X ，求X的分布列与数学期望．下面的临界值表仅供参考：19.（本小题满分12分）如图，△BCD是等边三角形，AB=AD，90∠= ，将△BCD沿BD折叠到BAD△'⊥.BC D的位置，使得'AD C B(l)求证：'⊥；AD AC(2)若M、N分别为BD，'C B的中点，求二面角N-AM-B的正弦值．20.（本小题满分13分）如图所示，有一具开口向上的截面为抛物线型模具，上口AB宽2m，纵深OC为1.5 m.(l)当浇铸零件时，钢水面EF距AB 0．5m，求截面图中EF的宽度；(2)现将此模具运往某地，考虑到运输中的各种因素，必须把它安置于一圆台型包装箱内，求使包装箱的体积最小时的圆台的上、下底面的半径.221212121(),,3V h r r r r r r π=++圆台为上、下底面的半径，h 43≈21.（本小题满分13分）在直角坐标系xOy 中，已知椭圆22122:1x y C a b+=的一个顶点坐标为A ，且抛物线214y x =的焦点是椭圆1C 的另一个顶点． (l)求椭圆1C 的方程；(2)①若直线:l y kx m =+同时与椭圆1C 和曲线2224:3C x y +=相切，求直线l 的方程．②若直线:l y kx m =+与椭圆1C 交于M ，N ，且直线OM 的斜率是OM k 与直线ON 的斜率ON k 满足4(0)OM ON k k k k +=≠,求证：2m 为定值． 22.（本小题满分13分）已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 满足111,21()n n S S S n N *+=-+=-∈，数列{}n b 的通项公式为34()n b n n N *=-∈ (1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式；(2)是否存在圆心在x 轴上的圆C 及互不相等的正整数n 、m 、k ，使得三(,),(,),(,)n n n m m m k k k A b a A b a A b a 落在圆C 上？请说明理由．。
湖南省长郡中学2018届高三月考(二)英语试题Word版含答案
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AAn Oceans VacuumThere’s a collection of plastic trash in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. It’s bigger than Texas-and growing. The way to clean it up now is to catch it with nets. That is both costly and slow. Instead, the Ocean Cleanup Project proposes 62-mile-long floating barriers that would use natural currents to trap trash. If next year’s trials succeed, a full cleanup operation would aim to start in 2020. It could reduce the trash by 42% over 10 years.Easy-On ShoesIn 2012, Mathew Walzer, a high school student with a disability, sent a note to Nike. “My dream is o go to college,” he wrote, “without having to worry about someone coming to tie my shoes every day.”Nike assigned a design team to the challenge. This year, they came out with their solution: the FlyEase. The basketball shoe can be fastened with one hand. A pair of Nike FlyEase shoes sells for $130.An Airport for Drones(无人机)As Amazon, Google, and others get ready for drone delivery service, there is one big question: what kinds of home bases will their drones have? Rwanda, in Africa, may have the answer. There, workers will soon start work on three “drone ports”. The goal is to make it easier to transport food, medical supplies, electronics, and other goods through the hilly countryside. Construction is set to be completed in 2020.21.What’s the advantage of the Oceans Vacuum?A. It can be a money-saverB. It can grow year by yearC. It can tear plastic into piecesD. It can be put into wide use soon22.What do we know about Nike?A. It offers free shoes to the disabledB. It is designing new shoes frequentlyC. It provides customer-friendly servicesD. It responded to Matthew’s request passively23.Why is Rwanda setting up “drone ports”?A. Because road travel there is roughB. Because there are too many dronesC. Because they’re easier to construct than roadsD. Because they are receptive to new technologyBI grew up in a troubled home in the 1970s, on the outskirts of downtown Orlando, Florida. Not far away, a three-story house attracted my eyes.It was nothing like the one I lived in with my mother, a small dark place with rules about befriending others. “Don’t. Never, ever talk to anyone,” my mother said.One day, in sixth grade, a black-haired woman was introduced to our class: Mrs. Reese. Reese explained that she was starting Spanish Club. She invited anyone interested in learning Spanish language and culture to stay after school.I could not take my eyes off her bracelets(手镯) and shining rings. The bell rang, and to my shock, no one went up to Mrs. Reese. I was under strict orders to go straight home. But that day, I stayed. I asked Mrs. Reese when the club started.“We could begin right now if you like,”she said with a smile. I felt beautiful. That day I learned that the house of my dreams was her house. I learned how to answer questions about my age and my favorite food in Spanish. And I learned, Do you want to come over tomorrow for cooking lessons?I wanted to say “Yes”, but Mom’s words held me back.I begged my mother all summer and into fall, well after Spanish Club had dissolved. I wept at night sometimes, so worried that Mrs. Reese and her family would move away.At some point, I managed to wear my mother down and one Saturday afternoon. I rode out to Mrs. Reese’s house.The details of that afternoon are marked in my mind: We had tea. She painted my toenails red. We made a garlicky picadillo. We spoke in Spanish. In Spanish, my voice was loud and romantic. This is the real me! I remember thinking.My mother never permitted me another visit to Mrs. Reese’s house. But four decades later, I still remember that day and the life she showed me, proof of a possible future.24.What kind of family was the author from?A. Hard-upB. Two-parentC. Stress-freeD. Disease-ridden25.Why did the author choose to join the club?A. She wanted to stay longer at schoolB. She intended to comfort Mrs. ReeseC. She was deeply attracted by Mrs. ReeseD. She hoped to befriend the owner of her dreamt house26.The author went to Mrs. Reese’s house .A. with the help of her tearsB. while no one was noticingC. with her mother’s permissionD. just before the lady moved away27.What did the author gain from Mrs. Reese?A. The beauty of SpanishB. The wonder of a new worldC. The power of self-confidenceD. The importance of independenceCEnglish is full of colorful phrases to describe shyness. Someone shy might be called shrinking violet or a wallflower, while for especially nervous types we have the curious expression: they wouldn’t say boo to a goose.None of these are traditionally seen as positive descriptions, even if you like geese. In a culture of go-getting, high achievers, shy people don’t come first.Or that's what the self-help industry would have you believe. Bookshops are filled with vital tomes(巨著) that promise to help beat social fears and find success in life, love and business. That is why one book, Shrinking Violets: A Field Guide to Shyness, bucks the trend. It became a sudden success across English-language media recently for its new take-on shyness.Author Joe Moran says that despite struggling with shyness and longing for loneliness all his life, being shy can also be "a gift". Freed from the constant urge to participate and compete in social situations, people are liberated to look at the world in new ways, and gain fresh insights.Indeed, many of the world's great thinkers and artists are introverts(内向的人). Scientists Charles Darwin and Albert Einstein preferred their own company; actress Keira Knightley often finds herself tongue-tied at parties; and Harry Potter author JK Rowling claims she used to be too nervous to even borrow a pen.Moran told BBC Future: "I think shyness probably does turn you into an amateur anthropologist(人类学家), really-you are more likely to be an observer."So, while extroverts make all the noise, they don't necessarily have the best ideas.If you're shy, you've probably known this for a long time. You just don't shout about it.28.When someone is being called a wallflower, he is being .A. praised for his graceB. admired for his characterC. laughed at for his shynessD. told off for his nervousness29.The underlined phrase “bucks the trend” in Paragraph 2 probably means ””.A. going against the trend and succeedsB. changing the public idea completelyC. becoming unpopular and unacceptedD. becoming the major concern of people30.The author mentioned many famous shy people in order to .A. point out the harm shyness bringsB. disconnect shyness and successC. shows the reasons for shynessD. prove shyness contributes to science31.What is the author’s attitude towards shyness?A. OpposedB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. CriticalDFrigatebirds seagoing fliers with a 6-foot wingspan, can stay aloft(up in the air) for weeks at a time, a new study has found.Since the frigatebird spends most of its life at sea, its habits outside of when it reproduces on land aren’t well-known-until researchers started tracking them around the Indian Ocean. What the researchers discovered is that the bird’s flying ability is unbelievable.Ornithologist(鸟类学家) Henri Weimerskirch put satellite tage(标签) on a couple of dozen frigatebirds. When the data started to come in, he could hardly believe how high the birds flew."First, we found, 'Whoa, 1,500 meters. Excellent,' " says Weimerskirch, "And after 2,000, after 3,000, after 4,000 meters-OK, at this altitude they are in freezing conditions, especially surprising for a tropical bird.""There is no other bird flying so high relative to the sea surface," he says. "It's the only bird that is known to intentionally enter into a cloud," Weimerskirch says. And not just any cloud-a soft, white cumulus cloud(积云). Over the ocean, these clouds tend to form in places where warm air rises from the sea surface. The birds take a ride on the current of rising air, all the way up to the top of the cloud.Frigatebirds have to find ways to stay aloft because they can't land on the water. Since their feathers aren't waterproof, the birds would drown in short order. They feed by harassing other birds in flight until they bring whatever fish they've swallowed back into their mouth and the frigatebird takes it.So in between meals, frigatebirds fly higher... and higher.In one case, for two months-continuously aloft.One of the tagged birds flew 40 miles without a wing-flap. Several covered more than 300 miles a day on average, and flew continuously for weeks. They are blessed with an unusual body. No bird has a larger wing surface area compared with body weight.32.How did researchers feel when data about frigatebirds reached them?A. CalmB. SurprisedC. HopefulD. Anxious33.According to the text, how can frigatebirds fly so high?A. By flying into a cloudB. With the help of researchersC. Thanks to advanced technologyD. By following other birds into the sky34.What does the underlined word ”they” in the text refer to?A. FrigatebirdsB. Other birdsC. Small fishD. Larger fish35.In what aspect are frigatebirds different from other birds?A. When they give birthB. What they feed onC. Their body weightD. Their wing surface area第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
湖南省长郡中学2018届高三月考试题(二)英语试题 Word版含解析
河南省长郡中学2018届高三月考试卷（二）英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AAn Oceans VacuumThere’s a collection of plastic trash in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. It’s bigger than Texas-and growing. The way to clean it up now is to catch it with nets. That is both costly and slow. Instead, the Ocean Cleanup Project proposes 62-mile-long floating barriers that would use natural currents to trap trash. If next year’s trials succeed, a full cleanup operation would aim to start in 2020. It could reduce the trash by 42% over 10 years.Easy-On ShoesIn 2012, Mathew Walzer, a high school student with a disability, sent a note to Nike. “My dream is o go to college,” he wrote, “without having to worry about someone co ming to tie my shoes every day.” Nike assigned a design team to the challenge. This year, they came out with their solution: the FlyEase. The basketball shoe can be fastened with one hand. A pair of Nike FlyEase shoes sells for $130.An Airport for Drones(无人机)As Amazon, Google, and others get ready for drone delivery service, there is one big question: what kinds of home bases will their drones have? Rwanda, in Africa, may have the answer. There, workers will soon start work on three “drone ports”. The goal is to make it easier to transport food, medical supplies, electronics, and other goods through the hilly countryside. Construction is set to be completed in 2020.1. What’s the advantage of the Oceans Vacuum?A. It can be a money-saverB. It can grow year by yearC. It can tear plastic into piecesD. It can be put into wide use soon2. What do we know about Nike?A. It offers free shoes to the disabledB. It is designing new shoes frequentlyC. It provides customer-friendly servicesD. It responded to Mat thew’s request passively3. Why is Rwanda setting up “drone ports”?A. Because road travel there is roughB. Because there are too many dronesC. Because they’re easier to construct than roadsD. Because they are receptive to new technology【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A【解析】文章给我们介绍了三项新的发明、新科技产品和建设项目。
湖南省长郡中学2018届高三月考二英语试题Word版含答案
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AAn Oceans VacuumThere’s a collection of plastic trash in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. It’s bigger than Texas-and growing. The way to clean it up now is to catch it with nets. That is both costly and slow. Instead, the Ocean Cleanup Project proposes 62-mile-long floating barriers that would use natural currents to trap trash. If next year’s trials succeed, a full cleanup operation would aim to start in 2020. It could reduce the trash by 42% over 10 years.Easy-On ShoesIn 2012, Mathew Walzer, a high school student with a disability, sent a note to Nike. “My dream is o go to college,” he wrote, “without having to worry about someone coming to tie my shoes every day.”Nike assigned a design team to the challenge. This year, they came out with their solution: the FlyEase. The basketball shoe can be fastened with one hand. A pair of Nike FlyEase shoes sells for $130.An Airport for Drones(无人机)As Amazon, Google, and others get ready for drone delivery service, there is one big question: what kinds of home bases will their drones have? Rwanda, in Africa, may have the answer. There, workers will soon start work on three “drone ports”. The goal is to make it easier to transport food, medical supplies, electronics, and other goods through the hilly countryside. Construction is set to be completed in 2020.21.What’s the advantage of the Oceans Vacuum?A. It can be a money-saverB. It can grow year by yearC. It can tear plastic into piecesD. It can be put into wide use soon22.What do we know about Nike?A. It offers free shoes to the disabledB. It is designing new shoes frequentlyC. It provides customer-friendly servicesD. It responded to Matthew’s request passively23.Why is Rwanda setting up “drone ports”?A. Because road travel there is roughB. Because there are too many dronesC. Because they’re easier to construct than roadsD. Because they are receptive to new technologyBI grew up in a troubled home in the 1970s, on the outskirts of downtown Orlando, Florida. Not far away, a three-story house attracted my eyes.It was nothing like the one I lived in with my mother, a small dark place with rules about befriending others. “Don’t. Never, ever talk to anyone,” my mother said.One day, in sixth grade, a black-haired woman was introduced to our class: Mrs. Reese. Reese explained that she was starting Spanish Club. She invited anyone interested in learning Spanish language and culture to stay after school.I could not take my eyes off her bracelets(手镯) and shining rings. The bell rang, and to my shock, no one went up to Mrs. Reese. I was under strict orders to go straight home. But that day, I stayed. I asked Mrs. Reese when the club started.“We could begin right now if you like,”she said with a smile. I felt beautiful. That day I learned that the house of my dreams was her house. I learned how to answer questions about my age and my favorite food in Spanish. And I learned, Do you want to come over tomorrow for cooking lessons?I wanted to say “Yes”, but Mom’s words held me back.I begged my mother all summer and into fall, well after Spanish Club had dissolved. I wept at night sometimes, so worried that Mrs. Reese and her family would move away.At some point, I managed to wear my mother down and one Saturday afternoon. I rode out to Mrs. Reese’s house.The details of that afternoon are marked in my mind: We had tea. She painted my toenails red. We made a garlicky picadillo. We spoke in Spanish. In Spanish, my voice was loud and romantic. This is the real me! I remember thinking.My mother never permitted me another visit to Mrs. Reese’s house. But four decades later, I still remember that day and the life she showed me, proof of a possible future.24.What kind of family was the author from?A. Hard-upB. Two-parentC. Stress-freeD. Disease-ridden25.Why did the author choose to join the club?A. She wanted to stay longer at schoolB. She intended to comfort Mrs. ReeseC. She was deeply attracted by Mrs. ReeseD. She hoped to befriend the owner of her dreamt house26.The author went to Mrs. Reese’s house .A. with the help of her tearsB. while no one was noticingC. with her mother’s permissionD. just before the lady moved away27.What did the author gain from Mrs. Reese?A. The beauty of SpanishB. The wonder of a new worldC. The power of self-confidenceD. The importance of independenceCEnglish is full of colorful phrases to describe shyness. Someone shy might be called shrinking violet or a wallflower, while for especially nervous types we have the curious expression: they wouldn’t say boo to a goose.None of these are traditionally seen as positive descriptions, even if you like geese. In a culture of go-getting, high achievers, shy people don’t come first.Or that's what the self-help industry would have you believe. Bookshops are filled with vital tomes(巨著) that promise to help beat social fears and find success in life, love and business. That is why one book, Shrinking Violets: A Field Guide to Shyness, bucks the trend. It became a sudden success across English-language media recently for its new take-on shyness.Author Joe Moran says that despite struggling with shyness and longing for loneliness all his life, being shy can also be "a gift". Freed from the constant urge to participate and compete in social situations, people are liberated to look at the world in new ways, and gain fresh insights.Indeed, many of the world's great thinkers and artists are introverts(内向的人). Scientists Charles Darwin and Albert Einstein preferred their own company; actress Keira Knightley often finds herself tongue-tied at parties; and Harry Potter author JK Rowling claims she used to be too nervous to even borrow a pen.Moran told BBC Future: "I think shyness probably does turn you into an amateur anthropologist(人类学家), really-you are more likely to be an observer."So, while extroverts make all the noise, they don't necessarily have the best ideas.If you're shy, you've probably known this for a long time. You just don't shout about it.28.When someone is being called a wallflower, he is being .A. praised for his graceB. admired for his characterC. laughed at for his shynessD. told off for his nervousness29.The underlined phrase “bucks the trend” in Paragraph 2 probably means ””.A. going against the trend and succeedsB. changing the public idea completelyC. becoming unpopular and unacceptedD. becoming the major concern of people30.The author mentioned many famous shy people in order to .A. point out the harm shyness bringsB. disconnect shyness and successC. shows the reasons for shynessD. prove shyness contributes to science31.What is the author’s attitude towards shyness?A. OpposedB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. CriticalDFrigatebirds seagoing fliers with a 6-foot wingspan, can stay aloft(up in the air) for weeks at a time, a new study has found.Since the frigatebird spends most of its life at sea, its habits outside of when it reproduces on land aren’t well-known-until researchers started tracking them around the Indian Ocean. What the researchers discovered is that the bird’s flying ability is unbelievable.Ornithologist(鸟类学家) Henri Weimerskirch put satellite tage(标签) on a couple of dozen frigatebirds. When the data started to come in, he could hardly believe how high the birds flew."First, we found, 'Whoa, 1,500 meters. Excellent,' " says Weimerskirch, "And after 2,000, after 3,000, after 4,000 meters-OK, at this altitude they are in freezing conditions, especially surprising for a tropical bird.""There is no other bird flying so high relative to the sea surface," he says. "It's the only bird that is known to intentionally enter into a cloud," Weimerskirch says. And not just any cloud-a soft, white cumulus cloud(积云). Over the ocean, these clouds tend to form in places where warm air rises from the sea surface. The birds take a ride on the current of rising air, all the way up to the top of the cloud.Frigatebirds have to find ways to stay aloft because they can't land on the water. Since their feathers aren't waterproof, the birds would drown in short order. They feed by harassing other birds in flight until they bring whatever fish they've swallowed back into their mouth and the frigatebird takes it.So in between meals, frigatebirds fly higher... and higher.In one case, for two months-continuously aloft.One of the tagged birds flew 40 miles without a wing-flap. Several covered more than 300 miles a day on average, and flew continuously for weeks. They are blessed with an unusual body. No bird has a larger wing surface area compared with body weight.32.How did researchers feel when data about frigatebirds reached them?A. CalmB. SurprisedC. HopefulD. Anxious33.According to the text, how can frigatebirds fly so high?A. By flying into a cloudB. With the help of researchersC. Thanks to advanced technologyD. By following other birds into the sky34.What does the underlined word ”they” in the text refer to?A. FrigatebirdsB. Other birdsC. Small fishD. Larger fish35.In what aspect are frigatebirds different from other birds?A. When they give birthB. What they feed onC. Their body weightD. Their wing surface area第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
湖南省长沙市长郡中学2018届高三月考(四)化学试题(B卷)Word版含解析
湖南省长沙市长郡中学2018届高三月考+（四）化学试题（B卷）本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
时量90分钟，满分100分。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H-l C-12 N-14 0-16 Mg-24 Al-27 Fe-56 Cu-64一、选择题（本题有22个小题，每小题2分，共44分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1.下列关于化学与生产、生活的认识正确的是A.合理开发利用可燃冰，有助于缓解能源紧缺的状况B.绿色食品就是不使用化肥农药，不含任何化学物质的食品C.蔬菜表面洒少许福尔马林保鲜，对人体无害D.用Ba（0H）2处理含C屮的废水，可消除水屮重金属离子的污染【答案】A【解析】A・合理开发利用可燃冰，有助于缓解能源紧缺的状况，故A正确；B.绿色食品是指在无污染的条件下种植、养殖，施有机肥料，不用高毒性、高残留农药，在标准环境、生产技术、卫生标准下加工生产，经权威机构认定并使用专门标识的安全、优质、营养类食品的统称，故B 错误；C.福尔马林对人体有害，故C错误；D. Ba（0H）2处理含C『•的废水，产生有毒的BaH 不可消除水中重金属离子的污染，故D错误。
故选A。
2.下列有关化学用语表示正确的是HA.NHJ的电子式：［H：N：H：T【B.含78个中子的碘原子:頸• •HC.二氧化硅的分子式:SiO?.D. HC1O的结构式：H-C1-0【答案】B【解析】A. NIZ的电子式中未表示「的最外层电子，故A错误；B.含78个中子的碘原子：器I,故B正确；C.二氧化硅不含有分子，SiO?是二氧化硅的化学式，故C错误；D. HC10的结构式应为：H-0-C1,故D错误。
故选B。
3.设山为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法不正确的是A. 3.2 g02和03的混合气体屮，含氧原子数为0.2N、B.lmol NaHSO t熔融时电离出的离子总数为2 N A0.标准状况下，22.4 L CHCh 分子中含碳氯键数为3他D.lmol苯乙烯分子中含有的碳碳双键数为N A【答案】c【解析】A. 02和03由氧元素组成,3. 2g02和03的混合气体含有0. 2mol氧原子，含氧原子数为0.2N A,故A正确；B.熔融NaHSOq电离出NY和HSO「，ImolNsHSO；熔融吋电离出的离子总数为2叫,故B正确;C.标准状况下,CHC13呈非气态，22.4LCHC13分子中含碳氯键数大于3叫, 故C 不正确；D. lmol苯乙烯分子屮含有的碳碳双键数为叫，故D正确。
高三(理)语文《长郡中学2018届高三第1次月考试卷》
炎德 英才大联考 长郡中学 # 一 " ! $ 届高三月考试卷
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阅读题 和第" 卷 表达题 两部分 时量! 满分! % "分钟 % "分 本试卷分第 ! 卷
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第!卷阅读题
一 现代文阅读 分 一论述类文本阅读 &分 阅读下面的文字 完成! '题 # 宋代作为中国封建社会逐步走向没落的后期代表 在审美文化方面却出现了一个 就是以人为核心 注重个体内在心灵 反弹式的小高峰宋代民俗文化审美的一大特点 对社会人生的感受 侧重对人生存在意义 人生境界和人生价值等方面的诗意思考和追 问 宋代延续了五代十国的战乱 自开国以来国家虽得以升平安宁 但依旧内忧外患频 仍 社会矛盾冲突尖锐 统治阶级权且力求自保 宋代繁荣的农业 手工业与商业发展 表象下 隐藏着一系列不稳定的因素同时科举制度规模在宋代得以扩大扩张 统治阶 级重视文人 形成了重文抑武的局面相比于唐王朝的鼎盛繁荣和武力强盛 宋代的经 济与军事表现出明显的落后与软弱 客观的社会现实和对国家 社会理想状态之间的差 宋人普遍存在一种对文化 社会淡漠隐忧的精神氛围 不 距带给宋人巨大的心理落差 满于社会现实的宋人往往选择以诗性隐逸的方式应对 因此 诗意以隐逸安闲 诗性栖 居的表现形式成为构成宋代审美文化的重要基因和关键内容 也无形中成为宋代审美 民俗文化的主流审美特质之一 宋人在白居易提出的 中隐 基础上 考量现实 融会贯通 博采众长 对宋初 中隐 型仕隐文化进行有效的改造 由此他们在隐逸中畅享自由 诗意地栖居在理想境界 这 一切从根本上给以人生哲学为核心的宋代美学带来了巨大变革 宋代诗人的隐逸审美观念亦有不同的形式 但出发点和目的却殊途同归 根据隐 逸的真实原则 可将其划分为两类 即 根据正义原则的隐逸和根据自由原则的隐逸 根据正义原则隐逸的先导便是孔子提出的 无道则隐 在孔子看来 士人隐逸的原因在 于自己生活的国家 无道 而且表明了士人选择隐逸的最佳时机 其实 孔子一向主张 文人入仕 以有机会影响统治阶级来施展士人的理想抱负 即唯此才能更好地宣扬和普 及 道 与 仁 施惠于老百姓 实现士人理想与天下和谐的统一 另一方面 孔子又认 为士人不该为外物所累 士人要相时而动 选择明君法国侍奉 故而他说 君子谋道不谋 食 君子忧道不忧贫 处在无道的国家 士人就该隐逸起来以明哲保身 另一种隐逸是根据自由原则的隐逸 其典范的确立来源于庄子 庄子提倡的隐逸 的核心是 自由 无为 诚如其言 无为国有者所羁 的自由原则 同样庄子极力倡导 一种 我宁游戏污渎之中自快 的精神 依据这一原则 士人应该在污浊之世保持自身的 清洁 做到超然物外 努力达到身心自由的境界 即获得生存生活自由与精神自由的高 宋人在宋初精神理想受挫 加之对社会 度平衡此类士人隐逸的形式在宋代很是普遍 现实失望带来的精神落寞 因而选择于乱世之中取乐快意 庄子提出的以自由为原则 的隐逸对后世产生深远影响 及至宋代阶层而言 宋人的 中隐 不仅与时代社会背景相
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湖南省长郡中学2018届高三月考试题（五）地理1第I卷（选择题）2一、选择题3下图为区域等高线地形图，图中等高距为200m，湖泊东侧有被河流切割成落差为90米的峡4谷。
读图完成下面小题。
561．图中湖泊水面的海拔可能为7A. 1450米B. 1420米C. 1550米D. 1650米82．图中悬崖顶部与峡谷底部之间的高差可能为9A. 850米B. 560米C. 460米D. 350米10下图为“我国局部地区≥10℃等积温线（℃）分布图”。
读图完成下面小题。
11123．有关甲、丙两地积温的说法，正确的是1314A. 甲、丙两地积温差值为500-1000℃B. 甲、丙两地积温差值最大值可能为1499℃15C. 图中等值线由南向北递减D. 甲地附近等值线弯曲的原因是受黄河调节作用164．丙地与乙地的积温差异的主导因素是17A. 纬度位置B. 海陆位置C. 地形状况D. 大气环流18下图为我国华北地区某阴坡陡崖示意图，该陡崖由透水岩层（砂岩）和不透水岩层（泥岩）组成。
每年小雪至大雪期间，该19陡崖上常常会形成壮观的冰挂甚至冰瀑景观。
读图完成下面小题。
2021225．形成冰挂的水体来源可能是23A. 水潭水B. 冬季降水C. 地下水D. 土壤水246．2017年冬季冰挂较常年多，下列有关该地区推断正确的是25A. 2017年降水量可能较常年少B. 2017年冬季气温可能较常年低C. 2017年冬季降雪量可能较常年多D. 2018年农作物收成26可能较好27下图中甲图示意渭河两岸物质组成差异情况，乙图示意不同年份渭河下游地区某监测点与渭河中心线最近距离的变化态势，28监测点位于现在渭河南岸某固定点。
读图完成下面小题。
29307．造成渭河南岸物质颗粒平均粒径大于北岸的根本原因可能是渭河以南31A. 地势起伏更大B. 降水量更大C. 支流流速更快D. 植被覆盖率更低328．公元700-2010年，渭河北岸地区侵蚀、淤积的总体变化特征是33A. 持续淤积，偶有侵蚀B. 持续侵蚀，偶有淤积C. 先侵蚀，后淤积D. 先淤积，后侵蚀349．推测在1700-1900年间可能发生的情况是35①秦岭北麓植被认为破坏较严重②地处暖湿气候期③秦岭断块处于剧烈上升期④渭河流速加快36A. ①②B. ②③C. ③④D. ①③37下图为河北昌黎海岸沙丘位置示意图，该沙丘地处渤海西岸，由多列沙丘组成，沙丘带宽1-3米，沿海岸线延伸约45km，由38滦河口向北逐渐变窄，沙丘高度一般在20-40m。
几百年来沙丘位置总体稳定，但主沙丘链有向陆迁移的趋势。
读图完成下面39小题。
404110．关于海岸沙丘的成因及东西两侧的坡度推理正确的是42A. 海浪沉积东陡西缓B. 海浪沉积东缓西陡C. 风力沉积东陡西缓D. 风力沉积东缓西陡4311．在滨海沙滩地区营造防护林对海岸沙丘的影响有44A. 沙丘沿防护林方向延伸B. 沙丘拓宽、增高C. 沙丘西移速度变缓D. 沙丘不受其影响45境外经贸合作区是国内企业在境外建设的基础设施较为完善、产业链较为充整、辐射带动能力较强的经贸合作区域，可以带46动更多的企业到东道国投资建厂，是一种企业以“抱团”的方式集体“走出去”的全新模式。
俄罗斯乌苏里斯克市（符拉迪47沃斯托克以北与中国黑龙江接壤的边疆城市）康吉经济贸易合作区是由国内一系列企业投资建设的涉及鞋类、服装、家具、48皮革、木业、建材等为主的经贸合作区。
据此完成下面小题。
4912．除优惠政策外，俄罗斯乌苏里斯克地区吸引中国企业入驻的优势可能是50A. 原料和市场B. 劳动力和原料C. 劳动力和投资环境D. 投资环境和市场5113．我国企业在俄罗斯乌苏里斯克地区建设经贸合作区的主要目的是52A. 接近消费市场B. 取得集聚效应C. 减少运输成本D. 获得更多利润5314．在越来越多中国企业资本输出的背景下，有人担心国内会出现“产业空洞”的问题，国内产业的发展战略是54A. 吸收先进要素，反哺国内B. 改善投资环境，吸引企业回流C. 产业升级，培育新兴产业D. 进口产品，降低生产成本55近年来，“红色产业”赋予了新疆炫目的色彩，包括番茄、辣椒、红花、枸杞、红枣等等这些红色农作物，正逐渐成为新疆56最亮丽的一笔。
与此同时，当地部分红色产业区引进了滴灌技术，但尚未进行大规模应用。
读新疆地区红色作物分布及种植57面积分布图（单位：万亩，15亩=1公顷），完成下面小题。
585915．影响天山以北地区红色作物种植面积明显大于天山以南地区的主要因素是60A. 地形B. 海陆位置C. 大气环流D. 纬度位置6116．与大水漫灌相比，滴灌技术的优点包括62①抑制杂草和病虫害，节约劳动力②减少蒸发和渗漏，节约水资源③供水与供肥有效结合，保证农产品产量和质量④防63止土壤盐碱化，保持土地生产力64A. ①②④B. ②③④C. ①③④D. ①②③④6517．目前，影响新疆地区滴灌技术大规模推广的限制性因素是66A. 市场较小B. 农业科技落后C. 与现代农业发展趋势不相符D. 经济成本较高67衬膜保水技术，是采用透气不透水的材料实现在沙漠中保水、保肥的效果，经过多年的科研攻关，我国在内蒙古和新疆的部68分沙漠地区利用该技术成功的种植了沙漠水稻。
目前，科尔沁沙地的库伦旗沙区水稻种植面积已达200亩，水稻还未收割便69被订购一空，超高的品质获得了市场的认可。
读图完成下面小题。
707118．科尔沁沙地发展水稻种植的决定性因素是72A. 先进的农业科技B. 光照充足，昼夜温差大C. 地下水资源丰富D. 农业资源特色明显7319．与普通水稻相比，沙漠水稻74A. 投资成本更低B. 单产更高C. 绿色环保D. 口感更好752013年4月18日，吉利汽车产业基地项目正式落户陕西省，至2017年6月，已有泰鸿机电、科森净化器、地通机械、铭博76汽配等10余家吉利供应商先后落户，形成了吉利近在咫尺的配套军团。
同时，吉利汽车在冲压、涂装、焊装、组装等车间77投入了140多台柔性机器人，进一步提高了机械化生产水平。
据此回答下面小题。
7820．投入柔性机器人带来的直接影响是79A. 提高劳动生产效率，但降低了产品质量B. 减少能源消耗，缓解劳动力不足80C. 提高劳动生产效率，提高自动化水平D. 减少能源消耗，减轻环境污染8121．吉利汽车及“配套军团”——零配件厂的集中建设的主要目的是82A. 有利于技术、信息协作，节约成本B. 开拓我国西部市场83C. 提高当地就业D. 加快当地工业化、城市化进程8422．吉利汽车在组装生产过程中投入机器人的主要原因有85①劳动力成本不断上升②市场优势不断丧失③能源供应日趋紧张④利于提高机械化水平，降低成本86A. ①②B. ③④C. ②③D. ①④8788特色小镇是相对独立于市区，具有明确产业定位、文化内涵、旅游和一定社区功能的发展空间载体，是新型城市化发展的新89探索。
红木小镇、青瓷小镇、e游小镇等都是集生产、生活、生态于一体的特定区域。
某县是著名的中药材之乡，被誉为“天90然的中药材资源宝库”。
该县通过整合当地资源，建成了以中草药文化为主、以高端中医药健康产业、旅游度假产业、养生91养老产业为主导的江南药镇。
据此完成下面小题。
9223．特色小镇建设成败的关键是93A. 特色农产品B. 发达的交通网C. 特色主导产业D. 独特地域文化9424．江南药镇建设中医药产业的确定将有利于中医药产业活动的95A. 空间集聚B. 技术创新C. 利润提高D. 市场拓展9625．特色小镇的产业定位限制了该小镇的97A. 服务人口B. 服务等级C. 服务范围D. 服务种类98磁化率是反映温湿气候与干冷气候变化的良好指标。
气候温湿利于磁性物质形成与聚集。
下图为距今13万年黄土高原某典99型地区磁化率变化曲线。
读图完成下面小题。
10010126．距今6-7万年时间段102A. 夏季风势力偏强B. 内陆封闭湖泊水位上涨C. 中国西北地区沙漠化面积减少D. 我国水稻种植区北界南移10327．13万年以来黄土高原磁化率变化反映出104A. 全球气候变暖B. 黄土高原千沟万壑的形成过程C. 东亚冬复季风环境效应交替变迁D. 青藏高原冰川面积不断扩大105下图为坡地径流示意图，其中Q1表示地表径流，Q2为地下顺坡径流，Q3为下渗径流。
不同岩性的坡地，三种径流比例差106异较大。
读图完成下面小题。
10710828．当降水强度和时间相同时，说法正确的是109A. 地表植被覆盖率越高，Q1越大B. 坡度越缓，Q1越大110C. 地表植被覆盖率越高，Q2和Q3越大D. 坡度越大越陡，Q2+ Q3越大11129．我国贵州某地区坡地径流中Q3占径流比重最大，则该地区主要的外力作用形式和对当地农业的影响，组合正确的是112A. 风力作用旱灾B. 风力作用涝灾C. 流水作用旱灾D. 流水作用涝灾11330．咸潮，也称咸潮上溯、盐水入侵，当内河含盐量（氯度）升高超过一定标准即形成咸潮。
下图为钱塘江河口大规模治江114围垦与上游修建水库对河口氯度的影响曲线。
读图完成下题。
115116关于建库和治江围垦对咸潮上溯影响的说法，正确的是117A. 建库缓解了咸潮、治江加剧了咸潮B. 建库加剧了咸潮、治江加剧了咸潮118C. 建库缓解了咸潮、治江缓解了咸潮D. 建库加剧了咸潮、治江缓解了咸潮119第II卷（非选择题）120二、综合题12131．阅读图文材料，完成下列要求。
122材料一哥伦比亚河口近海地区盛产鲑鱼。
鲑鱼溯溪跳跃能力极强，每年9月溯流而上，跳跃层层障碍至河流上游水流湍急123的砂砾底质的浅水区产卵，孵化于淡水中的幼鱼在次年春季游入海洋。
124材料二实验发现如果让鲑鱼在平稳的河流中游到产卵地，省掉了溯游和腾跃的过程，鲑鱼的产卵率却极低，为此，当地政125府在哥伦比亚河上的水库附近的鱼道中修建了增加腾跃过程的鱼梯。
126材料三调查发现哥伦比亚河沿岸分布有大量的灰熊，有些灰熊的捕鱼能力极强，且灰熊喜欢脂肪丰富的鱼脑和鱼卵，经常127将其余的部分丢弃在周边的地面上。
研究者发现河两岸植物体内有高达80%的N元素与海洋中N元素相吻合。
128材料四下图为哥伦比亚河位置图及鱼道、鱼梯示意图。
129130（1）解释鲑鱼的产卵地选择在河流上游水流湍急的砂砾底质的浅水区的原因。
131（2）推断鲑鱼洄游的生态意义。
132（3）说明河流沿岸附近灰熊数量多的原因。
13332．阅读图文材料，完成下列要求。
134材料一龙眼是热带、亚热带水果，喜温，耐旱、耐酸、耐瘠、忌浸。
其在年平均温度18-26℃，最冷月均温＞10℃，极端最135低温度＞一4℃，年降水量在1000-1800mm的地方生长良好。