高一下学期第二次月考复习
高一化学下学期第二次月考试题(必修2)
12-13学年度下学期高一第二次月考化学试卷相对原子质量：C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 Al-27 S-32 Cl-35.5 K-39 Ca-40 Fe-56 Cu-64 Zn-65一、选择题（单选，前10题每题2分，后10题每题3分）1．有关化学用语正确的是（ ）A ． 乙烯的结构简式：CH 2CH 2B ．乙醇的结构式：CH 3CH 2OHClC ．四氯化碳的电子式: Cl C ClD ． 甲烷分子的比例模型 Cl2、下列物质既能与金属钠反应放出气体，又能与反应作用放出气体的是( )A ．CH 3CH 2OHB ．H 2OC ．CH 3COOHD ．C 6H 12O 63、将等质量的铜丝在酒精灯上加热后，分别插入下列溶液中，放置片刻后取出称量质量，铜丝质量增大的是( )A ．硝酸B ．无水乙醇C ．石灰水D ．盐酸 4. 某有机物的结构简式为CH 2＝CH — CH 2OH 。
下列关于该有机物不正确的是( )A ．能与金属钠发生反应并放出氢气B ．能在催化剂作用下与H 2发生加成反应C ．在浓H 2SO 4催化下能与乙酸发生酯化反应D ．能发生缩聚反应5.下列实验能获得成功的是( ) A ．用溴水可鉴别苯、乙醇、乙烯B ．加浓溴水，然后过滤可除去苯中少量乙烯C ．苯、溴水、铁粉混合可制成溴苯D ．可用分液漏斗分离硝基苯和苯6.科学家对土星的最大卫星——土卫六的探测发现，土卫六的大气层中含有95%的氮气，剩余的气体为甲烷和其它碳氢化合物。
关于甲烷和碳氢化合物的叙述错误．．的是 （ ） A ．甲烷是含碳量最低的碳氢化合物B ．所有的碳氢化合物分子组成均符合C n H 2n +2的通式 C ．碳氢化合物均不溶于水D ．碳氢化合物分子中的化学键一定有极性键，可能有非极性键7、“关注民生”和“科学发展”是“十七大”报告的主题之一，下列有关叙述符合科学规律的是 ( )A ．“海水淡化”可以解决“淡水供应危机”，向海水中加入净水剂明矾可以使海水淡化B ．臭氧空洞的形成与化石燃料大量使用有关C ．几千万年前地球上一条恐龙体内的某个原子可能在你的身体里D ．纳米铜能在氧气中燃烧，说明了纳米铜比普通铜的还原性强 8、用铝热剂冶炼金属，是利用了铝的 ( ) ①还原性 ②既与H ＋反应，也与OH －反应 ③导电性 ④反应过程中放出大量的热 A ．① B ．①②③ C ．①④ D ．①②③④9、下列叙述正确的是 ( )①CO 2的大量排放会加剧温室效应②正常雨水的pH 为5.6，主要是因为溶解了SO 2③利用太阳能、风能和氢能替代化石能源可以改善空气的质量 ④含磷合成洗涤剂易于被细菌分解，不会导致水体污染⑤为防止电池中的重金属离子污染土壤和水源，废电池要集中处理 A ．①③④⑤ B ．②③⑤ C ．①③⑤ D ．①②⑤10、下列说法正确的是 ( )A ．煤是复杂的混合物，含有苯、甲苯、二甲苯等一系列重要的化工原料B ．石油分馏得到的汽油、煤油、柴油等都有固定的熔沸点C ．石油炼制的目的是为了获得轻质油和重要化工原料(乙烯、丙烯等)D ．天然气和沼气的主要成分是乙烯，它们都属于不可再生能源11、在“绿色化学”工艺中，理想状态是反应物中的原子全部转化为目标产物，即原子利用率为100%.在下列反应类型中：①置换反应 ②化合反应 ③分解反应 ④复分解反应 ⑤加成反应 ⑥取代反应 ⑦加聚反应 ⑧缩聚反应 能体现这一原子最经济原则的是 ( )A ．①②⑤B ．②⑤⑦C．⑤⑦⑧D．只有⑤⑦12．反应A＋B===2C，在反应过程中，断裂1mol A中的化学键消耗的能量为Q1 kJ，断裂1mol B中的化学键消耗的能量为Q2 kJ，形成1mol C中的化学键释放的能量为Q3 kJ；1mol A所含化学能为E1 kJ，1mol B所含化学能E2 kJ，1molC 所含化学能E3 kJ。
2022-2023学年下学期高一第二次月考语文试卷
2022-2023学年下学期高一第二次月考语文考生注意：1.本试卷满分100分，考试时间75分钟。
2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上，选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3.本卷命题范围：必修下第一单元；第八单元第一课。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面1-5小题。
材料一：习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出：“坚守中华文化立场，提炼展示中华文明的精神标识和文化精髓，加快构建中国话语和中国叙事体系，讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音，展现可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象。
”这鼓励我们立足时代发展，创新艺术表达，在更好满足人民精神文化需求、增强人民精神力量的过程中，把中国故事讲生动、讲精彩。
怎样讲好中国故事？作为从延河岸边走来的艺术院团，国家话剧院近年来以史料为依托，深入革命文化传统，创作了《红色的起点》《直播开国大典》《三湾，那一夜》等一批话剧作品。
《红色的起点》凸显青春洋溢的革命精神，以富有时代气息的舞台表达，再现中国共产党开天辟地的峥嵘岁月。
《直播开国大典》则聚焦新中国成立这一伟大历史时刻，以历史人物为原型，再现新华广播电台如何在有限条件下，顺利实况转播开国大典，向全世界宣告中华人民共和国的成立。
为了让故事更加好看，在《直播开国大典》中，我们打破传统叙事模式，3条线索交融并进，增强全剧悬念和戏剧冲突，更加有效地传递作品的精神内涵。
今年国庆期间，国家话剧院首部文献剧《抗战中的文艺》成功上演。
全剧以活跃在抗战中的文艺家为主人公，集中呈现鲁迅、田汉、聂耳等文艺大家的爱国之志和救国之举。
国家话剧院推出这部剧，既是对历史的回望和致敬，更传递了前辈艺术家的奋斗之志、家国情怀。
山西省寿阳县第一中学2024_2025学年高一英语下学期第二次月考试题
山西省寿阳县第一中学2024-2025学年高一英语下学期其次次月考试题（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：150分）第一卷第一部分：听力（略）其次部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AAmsterdam, the capital and most populous city in the Netherlands, is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world, famous for its beautiful canals, top art museum, cycling culture, and Red Light District. Here are some of the key points to remember as you plan your trip to Amsterdam.Must-See AttractionsMost visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre, which is full of traditional architecture, shopping centers, and coffee shops. You’ll also want to check out Amsterdam’s Museum Quarter in the South District, which is great for shopping at the Albert Cuyp Market and having a picnic in the Vondelpark. The top museums to visit are the Rijksmusuem, the Ann Frank House, and the Van Gogh Museum. The Canal Ring is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a popular place for celebrity spotting and nightlife today.TransportationTravelers should be aware that Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is one of the busiest airports in the world. This airport is located about 15 kilometers southwest of city center. You can catch a train from Schiphol to Amsterdam Central Station, which has many connecting routes. It’s typically not a good idea to drive a car to the city center because traffic is heavy and parking is difficult to find. Cycling is incredibly popular here, and it’s easy to find cheap bike rentals around town. Amsterdam has a flat terrain(地形) and is a great city to explore on foot.Money Saving TipsUnless you really want to see the tulips(郁金香) blooming, avoid booking betweenmid-March and mid-May. This is when hotel and flight prices rise.Look for accommodations in Amsterdam’s South District, where rates are generallycheaper than in the city center.Buy train tickets at the machine instead of the counter to save a bit of money.Instead of hiring a tour guide, hop on a canal boat. They’re inexpensive andwill give you a unique point of view of the city.Check out our homepage to view price comparisons for flights, hotels, and rentalcars before you book.1.Which attraction was built with the original purpose of drawing the rich?A. Albert Cuyp Market.B. The Ann Frank House.C. The Van Gogh Museum.D. The Canal Ring.2. Which means of transportation is not advisable in Amsterdam according to thepassage?A. The plane.B. The train.C. The car.D. The bike.3. Which way can help visitors save money in Amsterdam?A .Seeing the tulips blooming in spring. B. Avoiding accommodating downtown.C. Buying car tickets at the machine.D. Hiring a local tour guide.BTwelve years ago, a young traveler named Rhett Butler from San Francisco,California, visited the Sabah rainforest on Malaysian Borneo. In one area of therainforest, he watched a bird flying through the trees. The beautiful sight left quitean impression on him. But weeks later, back home, Rhett Butler got the news that treeshad been cut down in the area he visited.That experience led Rhett Butler to begin writing a book about rainforests andthreats to their existence. But he did not publish the book. Instead, in 1999, heused his research for the book to create a website. The site is Mongabay. Com. Hispurpose was to inform the public about tropical rainforests. But the subject quicklydeveloped. As a former businessman, he became a respected writer of science andenvironmental stories.The popularity of Mongabay. Com attracted advertisers. Small ads on the site pay for its operations. Mongabay. Com has grown and led to other sites. For example, there is a site for children which is called kids. Mongabay. Com. Another one, WildMadangascar. Org, is all about the island nation that Rhett Butler calls his favorite place.To keep his website going, he travels around the world on several major trips each year. His working tools are a laptop computer, cameras and sometimes diving equipment. He often calls on experts for information. For example, he interviewed Alison Jolly, a top experts on lemurs(狐猴). He interviewed Rodney Jackson, a biologist who established the Snow Leopard Conservancy.Stories like these have made Mongabay a favorite place on the Internet for researchers, students and teachers. In April, Time. Com named it one of the fifteen top climate and environment websites in the world.4. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Rhett Butler and his website.B. Rainforest on Malaysian Borneo.C. How Rhett Butler protected rare animals.D. How Rhett Butler made his website popular.5. Rhett Butler didn’t publish his book about rainforests because _______.A. making websites earns more money than writing booksB. he didn’t want to become a writerC. the book was not about rainforest protectionD. he wanted to use the information to create a website6. Which of the followings is NOT true about the Mongabay. Com?A. It was set up in 1999.B. It attracted many advertisers.C. At least two related websites grew from it.D. Rhett Butler made a lot of money from it.7. To keep his website going, Rhett Butler ________.A. kept visiting the rainforestB. traveled around and interviewed expertsC. raised rare snow leopardsD. made a great number of advertisementsCMy daughter had a bullying(欺凌) problem a couple of years ago. She kept receiving rude text messages from kids at school. Dealing with school bullying wasn’t easy, but I finally ended it. When you realize things are serious, it is no time to be silent.If your kids are also receiving such text messages, take them directly to the headmaster and show him. Describe to him how it is affecting your kids. Tell him you will not tolerate it and that you want him to put an end to it now.School bullying is a dangerous and serious issue these days .and any good headmaster w ill take your charges seriously. He will probably address the issues with the parents. If they are crappy(糟糕的)parents, then they may do nothing to their child. You may have to repeat this process several times, but you need to keep a check on those text messages and don’t allow your child to delete them .Now it is time to draw your child close and take care of him/her, because he/she needs it. My daughter did not like me being involved either, but you are the only person your kid can depend on to solve this problem, so do it and mean business. Always be polite, but straight forward . The headmaster and parents must know you mean business.If repeated meetings with the headmaster (and parents , if he allows it ) do not work, then I would consider hiring a lawyer. That will send the message loud and clear. When you are talking about financial loss, most parents will stand up and take notice and act to keep their kids under control!I know a lawyer is a big expense and not something you do lightly, but when bad things like school bullying are happening to your children, you must act and act quickly.8.Which of the foll owing can replace the underlined word “tolerate” in Paragraph 2?A. mindB. discussC. standD. affect9. What does the author suggest about school bullying in Paragraph 4?A. Children can deal with it themselves.B. Not all bullying problems can be solved.C. Parents should fully respect kids’ thoughts.D. It’s necessary for parents to be involved in it.10. What should parents do if the headmaster fails to solve the bullying problem?A.Ask a lawyer for help.B. Put your child under your care.C. Meet the bullies in person.D. Ask the parents of the bullies for money.11. Why does the author write the text?A. To seek help .B. To offer advice.C. To ask for advice.D. To share his experience.DRobot vacuum cleaners aren’t a new concept, having been around for more than 15 years, but they have become greatly more helpful since the days of catching on rug hairs, running out of battery mid-clean and forgetting where they were.But the next generation of disc-shaped floor-cleaners could bring some of the most important upgrades yet, including being more autonomous than ever and knowing exactly where they are in your home and where you need them to be.iRobot’s latest Roombas, the i7 and i7+, shown off at a recent event in Tokyo, will be arriving in Australia in the coming months. Their key new feature: persistent mapping of your home. The ability to map not only makes the robot quicker and more efficient, but lets it integrate(融入) more closely with smart homes. Once it’s explored your house a few times, the i7 will present you with a map via its smart phone app, which Angle says tends to be “maybe 80 per cent right”.As the robot travels around cleaning up dust, it draws a floor plan and uses a sensor(传感器) to identify landmarks and objects. Unlike previous models, the i7 remembers this information, meaning it will learn the most efficient paths around your home over time.If you change the layout of your furniture, it will adapt the existing map rather than having to create a whole new one and if you have a multi-storey house, it simplymakes multiple maps, and uses its learned landmarks to determine which floor it’s on (you’ll still need to carry it up the stairs).iRobot’s CEO and founder Colin Angle says the i7 class, the company’s 10th generation Roomba, is the robot he’s always wanted to build; capable of keeping a home’s floors clean with virtually no user input needed.“This robot has 30 times the processing power of its former generation,” he says. “So we’re fully into a situation today where we can be running machine learning and visual object recognition technology and very advanced algorithms(演算法; 运算法则) on the robot, to allow it to continue to work on increasingly complicated code.”12.According to the passage the robot cleaners invented 15 years ago could ______.A. catch on the hairs on the rugB. charge the battery mid-cleanC. draw the map of the homeD. know their exact home position13. The underlined word “layout” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by ______.A. arrangementB. designC. styleD. size14. Which of the following statements about the i7 and i7+ is true?A. i7 remembers the identified landmarks like former models.B. They can enter the room upstairs themselves and clean it.C. They can do better in math than the previous cleaners.D.i7 can present a map exactly via its smart phone app.15. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Technologies in the Cleaner.B. The Future of iRobots.C. The Development of iRobots.D. The Latest Robot Cleaner.其次节（共5小题；每小题3分，共15分）依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
第二次月考计划
第二次月考计划
本次月考即将到来，作为学生，我们需要对考试进行充分的准备，以取得理想的成绩。
以下是我个人的月考计划，供大家参考。
首先，我会在考试前对所有科目的知识点进行全面复习。
我会
将每个科目的重点知识整理成笔记，然后逐一进行复习。
对于容易
混淆的知识点，我会特别留意，确保自己理解透彻。
其次，我会针对每个科目制定专门的复习计划。
比如，对于数
学和物理这类需要大量练习的学科，我会每天抽出一定的时间进行
题目练习，巩固基础知识。
而对于语文和英语这类需要大量阅读的
学科，我会每天保持一定的阅读量，提高自己的阅读理解能力。
除了对知识点的复习，我还会重点关注考试技巧和答题技巧的
训练。
我会找一些历年试卷进行模拟考试，以检验自己的学习成果，并逐渐提高自己的答题速度和准确率。
另外，我会注意调整自己的学习状态和生活作息。
保证充足的
睡眠时间，保持良好的饮食习惯，保持良好的心态，不给自己过大
的压力，以保持良好的学习状态。
最后，我会在考试前一天进行全面的复习和放松，以保证自己在考试当天状态最佳。
我会提前准备好考试所需的文具和考试准考证，以免临时慌乱。
总的来说，我的月考计划是全面的、系统的，旨在全面提高自己的学习水平和考试成绩。
希望大家也能制定出属于自己的月考计划，共同进步，取得优异的成绩！。
高一下学期英语第二次月考试卷真题
高一下学期英语第二次月考试卷一、阅读理解1. 阅读理解Plan your 2020 vacation. The followingfour places are your fantastic destinations. You can enjoy a completelydifferent experience.PanamaCosta Rica and the Caribbean oftenenjoy much more popularity than Panama, but visitors should consider the centreAmerican country if they want a” lesscrowded paradise”. The travelsite states,” Here, horses are still the primary means of transportationand local fishermen serve fresh seafood and fruit from their home kitchens forroughly $ 6 a plate.”IsraelIf you’relooking for a onceinalifetime experience, National Geographic Travel saysvisitors should head to Jerusalem to celebrate Easter with thousands ofpilgrims . If the crowds get too huge, visitorsare told to take a boat ride to K ing Herod’s 2000yearold Masada fortress or set off on a peaceful morning boatride across the sea of Galilee.SvalbardIf you’re a fan of winter activities, butare in need of some sun, then perhaps a trip to Svalbard is a good choice. NationalGeographi c Travel notes,” The Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard is locatedabout 620 miles south of theNorth Pole. In late spring, the sun never fallsbelow the horizon—meaning you can take in all the Vitamin D you desire.”Popular activities in the area include hiking and wildlife spotting.NamibiaDuring spring, Namibia is regarded asthe perfect destination with reduced travel costs on cooler evenings. In lateMay, National Geographic Travel says that the watering holes start to dry upagain, which attracts giraffes and black rhino from their hiding spots. If you’refond of adventurous exploration, head to the Namibia Desert for a spot of sandboarding.（1）What can visitors do in Panama?A . Hike in the mountains.B . Ride a boat across the sea.C . Taste fresh seafood.D . Enjoy fullday sunshine.（2）What does Svalbard and Namibia have in common?A . They allow visitors to play in the sand.B . They offer the chance to watch animals.C . They help visitors to save more money.D . They mainly focus on adventurous travels.（3）Where will a history lover most probably go?A . Israel.B . Panama.C . Svalbard.D . Namibia.2. 阅读理解Should high school students do volunt eer work? If youranswer is “no”, then think again. Here are some reasons why doingvolunteer work is worth your time and effort.In college, you will have to work on a group project. Ifyou’re lucky, mostof the students in your group will care about what they aredoing and actually work as a team, but that’s not always the case. This iswhere volunteer experience can pay off. When you volunteer for an event, youdon’t always know who you will be working with, but you know that the job needsto be completed on time. Working with strangers will actually teach you how toplay to your strengths in order to get the best results.If you are not confident, volunteering will likely changethat very quickly. Since many organizations depend on their volunteers to getthing s done, it’s not uncommon for you to work as a leader when working on aproject. When you work on a project, your confidence will grow and others willlook to you for advice. The volunteering experience will surely serve you wellin college and your future employment.In high school, we are with people who share the same valuesand cultural backgrounds. When you head off to college, you may find yourselfliving with someone from another country or someone who has completelydifferent values. You may feel confused. One important thing you can learn fromvolunteering is never to judge someone by the way he or she looks — get to knowthe person first.Volunteering will increase your abilityto think outside the box. You will need tocome up with creative solutions for many problems. Volunteering before collegecan take the word” cannot” out of your vocabulary.（1）According to Paragraph 2, what does doing volunteer work mean?A . Learning to work as a team.B . Creating a team of your own.C . Knowingyour own strengths.D . Getting paid off in the long run.（2）What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A . Many organizations have hardworking volunteers.B . A good leader is a person who likes volunteering.C . Our confidence may get improved when we do volunteer work.D . We’d bette r do volunteer work as a leader.（3）What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean?A . Thinking very carefullyB . Thinking in creative ways.C . Thinking about many different things.D . Thinking as if you had great abilities.（4）What is the passage mainly about?A . How students can perform better at college.B . Why high school students should do volunteer work.C . Why high school students like doing volunteer work.D . How students can make their school life better.3. 阅读理解Shakespeare h as rightly said,” A light heart lives long.”There is no greater thing than cheerfulness in the daily life and our cheer canbe expressed through a smile or a laugh. The saying” Laughter is the bestmedicine” has deep meanings. Many scientists have stressed the importanceof laughter, which can lead a healthy life.In ancient times, most Emperors and Kings had a clown tomake them laugh. This improved the atmosphere and helped people to come closer. Almostevery comedy has a character to make people laugh. Funny TV plays use recordedsounds of laughter at the proper place.It is a wellknown fact that health and cheerfulnessinfluence each other.Doctors and psychologists all agree that patients canactually benefit from laughter. Those who see the bright side of life andremain happy are unlikely to go down with stressrelated problems.A good laugh is also a useful tool in the workplace. Nervousnessis unavoidable in business, but humor is an unexpected surprise that can helppeople better deal with the nervousness. Researchers have found that the morestress people are under, the more they are ready to laugh. A good laugh islooked upon as an encouraging tool. After laughing, you can begin a new thoughtprocess; it helps to set the mind in a different way.Many cities in India have laughter clubs where people gettogether in the morning for laughing. There are over 200 such clubs in India, whichwere started in Mumbai. All kinds of fitness exercise, along with laughterskills, are combined into the program. This has become known as the laughtertreatment . Until now, many sick people havebenefited from it.Making people laugh is an art and can be cultivated. Collectjokes, funny stories and humorous sayings and use them properly. Build a humorcollection — buy books by P. G Wodehouse or anyone else who makes you keeplaughing. Watch comedy plays when you are down in life.（1）How does a good laugh help people in the workplace?A . It keeps people healthy.B . It helps people have creative ideas.C . It helps people make more money.D . It frees people from their worries.（2）What can laughter clubs do for people?A . They can make people confident.B . They can offer people suitablejobs.C . They can help people recover from illness.D . They can provide opportunities for people to make friends.（3）What does the underlined word” cultivated” in the last paragraph probably mean?A . Developed.B . Enjoyed.C . RealizedD . Taught（4）What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?A . To state laughter leads to health.B . To show the importance of laughter.C . To prove laughter helps us work better.D . To introduce some ways to make us laugh.4. 阅读理解“I feel unlikable, lonely and hopeless,”said Lisa, a bright teenager from a loving home.” It seems that nobodywants to become my friend. What’s wrong with me？”Like Lisa, many of us experience loneliness.The truth is that all people, no matter what their age or character —even themost outgoing, wealthy and popular —experience loneliness at least sometimes. It’shealthy and natural to want to be around people who care. After all, we’ve allheard” No man is an island.” That’s true. We all nee d others in ourlives.Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived, explainsthat if we want friends, we must be friendly and reach out to others. But ithas risk. Because we are often afraid of rejection , many of us are unwilling to reach outto others. We take a safer way and wait for others to make friends with us. Butif we want friends, we’ve got to get beyond this.If making friends is your goal as well, youneed to consider taking some measures.Be willing to take the initiative . Ifyou see someone whom you would like to know, don’t wait for her to make thefirst move. Get close to her and begin a conversation. Let her know in anonaggressive way that you are interested in beingfriends with her.Reach out to those who are lonely. When yousee someone at school sitting alone, go over and talk to her. And don’t letpopularity decide whom you reach out to. You’ll often be surprised at thebeautiful qualities behind a shy appearance.Ask questions. Start your firstconversation by asking this possible friend what she likes to do or askingabout her family. Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied with” yes”or” no”. For example, don’t ask”Do you have a dog？” Instead, say”So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking” yes” or” no”questions makes your possible friend not end your communication with a onewordanswer.（1）Why does the author begin the text with Lisa’s worry?A . To set a sad to ne.B . To share Lisa’s pain.C . To introduce the topic.D . To teach readers a lesson.（2）What can be a risk caused by reaching out to others according to the passage?A . Being refused by others.B . Putting ourselves in danger.C . Being treated in a rude way.D . Losing interest in communicating.（3）What can we know from Paragraph 5?A . Shy people are hard to talk to.B . Popular people are often easygoing.C . Just waiting for chances will waste our time.D . A proper manner is important in making friends.（4）Why does the author suggest not asking “yes” or” no” questions?A . It is considered unfriendly.B . It will leave a bad first impression.C . It shows the poor quality of the speaker.D . It isn’t good for keeping a conversation going.二、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
安徽省淮北市第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期第二次月考政治试卷(含解析)
淮北一中2022-2023学年高一年级下学期第二次月考政治试卷（卷面分值：100分考试时间：75分钟）一、选择题（共30题，每小题2.5分，共计75分）1. 中国和世界上其他国家一样，按照人类社会发展的规律，不断地向前发展着。
到了封建社会后期，出现了资本主义的萌芽。
但是帝国主义的入侵打断了这个进程。
下列关于近代中国说法正确的是（）①近代中国社会的主要矛盾是资产阶级和无产阶级的矛盾、地主阶级和农民阶级的矛盾②近代中国的基本国情是半殖民半封建社会③近代中国的历史任务是争取民族独立和人民解放、实现国家富强和人民幸福④中国近代史的开端是第二次鸦片战争A. ①②B. ①④C. ②③D. ③④2. 习近平总书记曾指出,“条条大路通罗马。
谁都不应该把自己的发展道路定为一尊,更不应该把自己的发展道路强加于人。
”国情不同,发展道路也不同。
中国共产党之所以带领全国人民走上中国特色社会主义的康庄大道,首先是由我国的基本国情决定的。
材料表明（）①基本国情是解决问题的基本依据②中国的基本国情决定中国社会的主要矛盾③中国共产党依据基本国情选择中国发展的道路④社会的主要矛盾和基本国情决定社会发展的任务A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④3. 中国共产党自1921年成立以来，团结带领全国各族人民为争取民族独立、人民解放和实现国家富强、人民幸福而不懈奋斗，已经走过一百年光辉历程。
下面关于中国共产党说法正确的是（）①中国共产党浴血奋战，领导人民建立了新中国②中国共产党执政百年，始终坚持以人民为中心③中国共产党执政为民，已实现新时代伟大复兴④中国共产党解放思想，推动改革开放民富国强A. ①②B. ①④C. ②③D. ③④4. 10月1日，中学生小王在父母的带领下参观了中国国家博物馆，在“复兴之路”展厅里他看到了中国近代的2300多件实物、文献、图片、图表、模型、绘画、雕塑、旧址复原、模拟景观等展品，了解到了从1840年鸦片战争到1949年中华人民共和国成立这100多年的历史。
河南省新野县第一高级中学2024_2025学年高一化学下学期第二次月考试题
2024-2025高一年级下期其次次月考化学试卷可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 O 16 Pb 207 Br 80一、选择题（每题3分，共48分）1．锗酸铋（简称BGO）是我国研制胜利的一种性能优良的闪耀晶体材料，其中锗（Ge与碳同主族）元素处于最高价态，铋元素（Bi与氮同主族）的价态与它跟氯形成某种共价氯化物所呈的价态相同，且此氯化物中铋具有8电子稳定结构。
BGO的化学式是（）A．Bi3Ge3O15B．Bi4Ge3O12C．Bi4Ge3O16D．Bi3Ge3O122．下列有关化学用语的表示方法中正确的是（）A．过氧化氢的电子式B．NH4I的电子式：C．比例模型可以表示二氧化碳分子，也可以表示水分子D．CO2分子的结构式：O=C=O3．下列条件肯定能使反应速率增大的是（）①增加反应物的物质的量②上升温度③缩小反应容器的体积④不断分别诞生成物⑤加入MnO2A．全部B．①②⑤C．②③D．②4．元素周期表中未呈周期性改变的是A．原子序数 B．元素性质C．原子半径D．化合价5．能说明氯的非金属性比硫强的事实是（）A．氯化氢的酸性强于硫化氢B．氯化氢的稳定性比硫化氢强C．氯气能与水反应而硫不能D．氯原子最外电子层上有7个电子而硫最外电子层上有6个电子6．近年来有多个品牌的手机电池曾发生爆炸事故，公众对电池平安性的重视程度越来越高，燃料电池作为平安性能较好的一类化学电源得到了更快的发展。
一种以联氨(N2H4)为燃料的环保电池工作原理如图所示，工作时产生稳定无污染的物质。
下列说法不正确的是（）A．M极生成氮气且电极旁边溶液酸性增加B．负极上每消耗1molN2H4，会有4molH+通过质子交换膜C．正极的电极反应式为：O2+4H++4e-=2H2OD．d口流出的液体是蒸馏水7．有某烷烃与烯烃的混合气体9.00g，该混合气体的密度为相同状况下氢气的11.25倍，将混合气体通过足量溴水，溴水质量增加4.20g，则原混合气体的组成为（）A.甲烷、乙烯B.乙烷、乙烯 C .甲烷、丙烯 D.甲烷、丁烯8．下列说法中正确的是（）A．质子数相同的微粒肯定属于同一种元素，但不肯定是同种核素B．原子的最外层有1-2个电子的元素都是活泼的金属元素C．同族元素的最外层电子数肯定相同D．在周期表中位于同周期且同族的不同核素，不肯定属于同种元素9．只用一种试剂就可将己烯、甲苯、硝基苯、水、氢氧化钠溶液鉴别开，这种试剂是（）A .盐酸B .酸性高锰酸钾溶液C .溴水D .紫色石蕊溶液10．已知丙烷的二氯代物有四种同分异构体,则其六氯代物的异构体数目为（）A．三种B．四种C．五种D．六种11．电池式氧传感器原理构造如图，可测定O2的含量。
陕西省西安铁一中高一语文(下)第二次月考试题
西安铁一中08-09学年高一下学期第二次月考语文试题班级学号姓名一、基础知识：（12分，每小题2分）1、下列加点字的注音全都正确的一项（）A、亲．家qìng 战栗．lì刽．子手 kuài 瞠．目结舌chēngB、咀嚼．jiáo 雪茄． jiā仆．人pú鳏．寡孤独guānC、畏葸． xǐ俦．侣 chóu 谛．听dì繁文缛．节rùD、凝噎． yē樯．橹qiáng 乍．起zà怙恶不悛．qūn2、下列加点词语的解释全都正确的一项（）A、我窦娥向哥哥行．有句话（这里、那里）念窦娥葫芦提．．．当罪愆（糊涂）B、念窦娥从前以往干家缘．．．（操劳家务）此后遇着年冬时节，月一十五．．．（每月十五）C、一尊．还酹江月（酒杯）有三秋．．桂子，十里荷花（三个秋天）D、这都是官吏每．无心正法，使百姓有口难言（们）待我嘱咐他几句话咱．（自己）3、下列成语典故和传说中的相关的历史人物对应正确的一项（）①举案齐眉②六月飞霜③苌弘化碧④亢旱三年A、孟光邹衍苌弘窦娥B、卓文君伍子胥杜宇东海孝妇C、孟光邹衍苌弘东海孝妇D、卓文君伍子胥杜宇窦娥4、下列文学常识叙述正确的一项（）A、莎士比亚的“四大悲剧”指的是《哈姆莱特》《奥塞罗》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《李尔王》。
B、“元曲四大家”指的是关汉卿、白朴、纪君祥、王实甫。
C、词又称诗余、长短句、曲子词，起源于隋朝，盛行于唐代。
D、元杂剧每本戏由一个演员主唱。
男主角称正末，女主角称正旦；此外还有净、丑、杂等。
5、依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是( )①天气恶劣，这些初到庐山的外国朋友还是游兴盎然。
②现代化城市需要高雅艺术，而高雅艺术更需要现代化城市的扶持，这已是无可________的事实。
③大王庄的王小三整日游手好闲，不务正业，因此家里一直不________。
A．不管质疑富余 B．不管置疑富裕C．尽管置疑富裕 D．尽管质疑富余6．下列各句中加点的成语使用正确的一项是( )A．为迎接即将到来的灯会，夫子庙地区进行了改造，北口的一些商业楼被拆除，气宇轩昂．．．．的状元楼前辟出了一片绿地。
安徽省阜阳市红旗中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次月考(5月)数学试题(含答案)
2023—2024学年高一年级第二学期第二次月考数学考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。
选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知复数满足，则的虚部为（ ）A. B. C. D.2.在中，D 是BC 边上的中点，则（ ）A. B. C. D.3.已知m ，n 是两条不同的直线，，是两个不同的平面，则（ ）A.若，，则B.若，，则C.若，，，则D.若，，则4.如图，的斜二测画法的直观图是腰长为2的等腰直角三角形，轴经过的中点，则（）A. B.4 C. D.5.在中，分别根据下列条件解三角形，其中有两解的是（ ）A.，，B.，C.，， D.，，6.已知不共线平面向量，在非零向量上的投影向量互为相反向量，则（ ）A. B. C. D.z ()1i z 12i +=-z 3i 2-32-12-1i2-ABC △AB = 2AD AC - 2AD AC - 2AD AC + 2AD AC +αβ//m α//n α//m n //m α//m n n α⊥//αβm α⊥//n βm n ⊥//m n n α⊂//m αOAB △y 'A B ''AB =ABC △4a =5b =6c =a =2b =45A =︒10a =45A =︒70B =︒3a =2b =60A =︒a b c ()a b c +⊥ ()a b c -⊥ ()//a b c + ()//a b c -7.已知三棱锥P -ABC 的所有顶点都在球O 的球面上，平面ABC ，，，若三棱锥P -ABC，则球O 的表面积为（ ）A. B. C. D.8.在3世纪中期，我国古代数学家刘徽在《九章算术注》中提出了割圆术：“割之弥细，所失弥少，割之又割，以至于不可割，则与圆合体，而无所失矣”.这可视为中国古代极限观念的佳作，割圆术可以视为将一个圆内按正n 边形等分成n 个等腰三角形（如图所示），当n 越大，等腰三角形的面积之和越近似等于圆的面积.运用割圆术的思想，可得到的近似值为（ ）（取近似值3.14）A.0.039 B.0.079 C.0.157 D.0.314二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分。
高一数学下学期第二次月考试题(新版)人教版
—————————— 新学期 新成绩 新目标 新方向 ——————————2019学年高一数学下学期第二次月考试题A.n a =n a = C. n a = D. n a =2．在等比数列{a n }中，1a =﹣3，2a =﹣6，则4a 的值为（ ） A ．﹣24 B ．24 C ．±24 D ．﹣12 3．已知{n a }为等差数列，2812a a +=，则5a 等于( ) A ．4 B ．5 C ．6 D ．75.已知ABC ∆的面积为2，且2,AC AB ==A ∠等于( ) A. 30 B. 30150或 C. 60 D.60120或6.在△ABC 中，如果4:3:2sin :sin :sin =C B A ，那么C cos 等于（ ）A32 B 32- C 31- D 41- 7．某储蓄所计划从2004年底起，力争做到每年的吸蓄量比前一年增加8％，则到2007年底该蓄所的吸蓄量比2004年的吸蓄量增加（ ）A ．24%B ．32%C ．（308.1－1）100％D ．（408.1－1）100％10．两等差数列{a n }和{b n }的前n 项和分别是S n 、T n ，已知S n T n ＝7n n ＋3，则a 5b 5＝( ) A ．7B.23C.278D.21413．已知△ABC 中，2a =，=b ，1c =，则cos B = . 14. 在等差数列{}n a 中，14101619100a a a a a ++++=，则161913a a a -+的值是 .三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共70分．18．（12分）在ABC ∆中，角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c 且cos 3cos C a cB b-=. (1)求sin B ;(2)若b a c ==，求ABC ∆的面积.19.(本小题满分12分) 在ABC ∆中，已知45B =︒，D 是BC 边上的一点，10AD =,14AC =,6DC =.（1）求ADC ∠的大小；（2）求AB 的长.20．(本小题满分12分) 已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和224n n S +=-.（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）设等差数列{}n b 满足73b a =，154b a =，求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T .21．(本小题满分12分)某物流公司购买了一块长AM ＝30米，宽AN ＝20米的矩形地块，计划把图中矩形ABCD 建设为仓库，其余地方为道路和停车场，要求顶点C 在地块对角线MN 上，B 、D 分别在边AM 、AN 上，假设AB 的长度为x 米．(1)求矩形ABCD 的面积S 关于x 的函数解析式；(2)要使仓库占地ABCD 的面积不少于144平方米，则AB 的长度应在什么范围内？22．（10分）在数列{a n }中，a 1＝12，其前n 项和为S n ，且S n ＝a n ＋1－12(n ∈N *)．(1)求a n ，S n ；(2)设b n ＝log 2(2S n ＋1)－2，数列{c n }满足c n ·b n ＋3·b n ＋4＝1＋(n ＋1)(n ＋2)·2n b，数列{c n }的前n 项和为T n ，求使4T n >2n ＋1－1504成立的最小正整数n 的值．A.n a =n a = C. n a =n a =2．在等比数列{a n }中，1a =﹣3，2a =﹣6，则4a 的值为（ A ） A ．﹣24 B ．24 C ．±24 D ．﹣12 3．已知{n a }为等差数列，2812a a +=，则5a 等于( C ) A ．4 B ．5 C ．6 D ．75.已知ABC ∆的面积为2，且2,AC AB ==A ∠等于( D ) A. 30 B. 30150或C. 60D.60120或6.在△ABC 中，如果4:3:2sin :sin :sin =C B A ，那么C cos 等于（D ）A32 B 32- C 31- D 41- 7．某储蓄所计划从2004年底起，力争做到每年的吸蓄量比前一年增加8％，则到2007年底该蓄所的吸蓄量比2004年的吸蓄量增加（ C ）A ．24%B ．32%C ．（308.1－1）100％D ．（408.1－1）100％8．设变量x ，y 满足约束条件⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x －y ≥0x ＋y ≤1x ＋2y ≥1，则目标函数z ＝5x ＋y 的最大值为( D )A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．5解析：如图所示，由图象可知目标函数z ＝5x ＋y 过点A (1,0)时，z 取得最大值，z max ＝5，故选D.的等比中项，则1a ＋1b的最小值为的等比中项， ＋b ＝1.⎭⎪⎫a b ≥2＋2＝4(当且仅当10．两等差数列{a n }和{b n }的前n 项和分别是S n 、T n ，已知n T n ＝7n ＋3，则5b 5＝( D )A ．7B.23C.278D.214所对的边分别是a ，b ，c .若3a ＝sin 2A ＝2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫sinB sin A 2－1＝213．已知△ABC 中，2a =，=b ，1c =，则cos B = 34.14. 在等差数列{}n a 中，14101619100a a a a a ++++=，则161913a a a -+的值是 20 .三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共70分．⎨⎪⎧x －x －，x －2≠0，∴原不等式的解集是{x |x ＜2或x ≥5}．18．（12分）在ABC ∆中，角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c 且cos B b=. (1)求sin B ;(2)若b a c ==，求ABC ∆的面积.18. (1)在ABC ∆中，由正弦定理及cos 3cos C a c B b-=，可得B CA B C sin sin sin 3cos cos -= 即B A C B C B cos sin 3sin cos cos sin =+化简得C B C B cos sin 3)sin(=+ 又B C A π+=-，所以sin()sin B C A +=∴B A A cos sin 3sin =，又因为sin 0A ≠∴31cos =B ，又因为0B π<<∴sin 3B ===(2)由余弦定理得222cos 2a c b B ac +-=，将13b B ==代入得222323a c ac +-=又a c =，故22432243c c =⇒=∴28sin 21sin 212===∆B c B ac S ABC . 19.(本小题满分12分) 在ABC ∆中，已知45B =︒，D 是BC 边上的一点，10AD =,14AC =,6DC =.（1）求ADC ∠的大小；（2）求AB 的长.19. (12分) 解： 222106141cos 21062ADC +-∠==-⨯⨯0ADC π<∠< 23ADC π∴∠=(2)由（1）可知：3ADB ADC ππ∠=-∠=10sinsin34ABππ=AB ∴=20．(本小题满分12分) 已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和224n n S +=-.（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）设等差数列{}n b 满足73b a =，154b a =，求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T . 20.（12分）解 (1)224n n S +=- ∴当1,n = 311244a S ==-=当2,n ≥ 2111(24)(24)2n n n n n n a S S +++-=-=---= (2)n ≥ 经检验：2124,a == 1*2(1,)n n a n n N +∴=≥∈（2）等差数列{}n b7316b a ∴==， 1547328b a b d ===+， 2d ∴=1764b b d ∴=-= 23n T n n ∴=+21．(本小题满分12分)某物流公司购买了一块长AM ＝30米，宽AN ＝20米的矩形地块，计划把图中矩形ABCD 建设为仓库，其余地方为道路和停车场，要求顶点C 在地块对角线MN 上，B 、22．（10分）在数列{a n }中，a 1＝2，其前n 项和为S n ，且S n ＝a n ＋1－2(n ∈N *)． (1)求a n ，S n ；(2)设b n ＝log 2(2S n ＋1)－2，数列{c n }满足c n ·b n ＋3·b n ＋4＝1＋(n ＋1)(n ＋2)·2n b，数列{c n }的前n 项和为T n ，求使4T n >2n ＋1－1504成立的最小正整数n 的值． 22. (1)由112n n S a +=-，得S n －1＝a n －12(n ≥2)， 两式作差得a n ＝a n ＋1－a n ，即2a n ＝a n ＋1(n ≥2)，∴12(2)n na n a +=≥， 由a 1＝S 1＝a 2－12＝12，得a 2＝1，∴ 212a a =，∴数列{a n }是首项为12，公比为2的等比数列．则a n ＝12·2n －1＝2n －2，S n＝a n ＋1－12＝2n－1－12. (2)b n ＝log 2(2Sn ＋1)－2＝log 22n－2＝n －2，∴c n ·b n ＋3·b n ＋4＝1＋(n ＋1)(n ＋2)·2n b， 即c n (n ＋1)(n ＋2)＝1＋(n ＋1)(n ＋2)·2n －2，∴c n ＝＋2n －2＝－＋2n －2，∴T n ＝(－)＋(－)＋…＋(－)＋(2－1＋20＋…＋2n －2)＝－＋＝－－＋2n －1＝2n －1－.由4T n>2n＋1－，得4(2n－1－)>2n＋1－.即<，n>2 014. ∴使4T n>2n＋1－成立的最小正整数n的值为2 015.。
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高一下学期第二次月考复习一、选择题1、 关于力对物体做功，下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．若力对物体做功多，则物体受力一定大 B ．若力对物体做功多，则物体位移一定大 C ．物体有位移，力也可能不做功D ．若力对物体不做功，则物体位移一定为零E. 功的多少是由力的大小和物体在力的方向上的位移的大小确定的 2、下列说法正确的是( )A ．当作用力做正功时，反作用力一定做负功B ．当作用力不做功时，反作用力也不做功C ．作用力与反作用力的功，一定大小相等，正负符号相反D ．作用力做正功，反作用力也可能做正功3、如图所示，一物体质量kg m 1=，在力N F 50=作用下沿竖直方向升高了m h 2=，则力F 对物体做功为（g 取2/10s m ）（ ）A. J 20B. J 60C. J 80D. J 1004、下列关于运动物体所受合外力做功和动能变化的关系正确的是 （ ）A ．如果物体所受合外力为零，则合外力对物体做的功一定为零B ．如果合外力对物体所做的功为零，则合外力一定为零C ．物体在合外力作用下做变速运动，动能一定发生变化D ．物体的动能不变，所受合外力一定为零5、以一定的初速度竖直向上抛出一个小球，小球上升的最大高度为h ，空气阻力的大小恒为F ， 则从抛出到落回到抛出点的过程中，空气阻力对小球做的功为（ ）A ．0B ．－FhC ．FhD ．－2Fh6、如图所示,站在汽车上的人用手推车的力为F,脚对车向后的摩擦力为F f ,下列说法正确的是（ ）A.当车匀速运动时,F 和F f 对车做功的代数和为零B.当车加速运动时,F 和F f 对车做功的代数和为负C.当车减速运动时,F 和F f 对车做功的代数和为正D.不管车做何种运动,F 和F f 的总功和总功率都为零7、关于功率公式P =tW 和P =Fv 的说法正确的是（ ）A ．由P =tW 知，只要知道W 和t 就可求出任意时刻的功率B ．由P =Fv 只能求某一时刻的瞬时功率C ．从P =Fv 知，汽车的功率与它的速度成正比D ．从P =Fv 知，当汽车发动机功率一定时，牵引力与速度成反比8、如图所示，小物体A 沿高为h 、倾角为θ的光滑斜面以初速度v 0从顶端滑到底端，而相同的物体B 以同样大小的初速度从同等高度竖直上抛，则 ( ) A ．两物体落地时速度的大小相同B ．两物体落地时，重力的瞬时功率相同C ．从开始运动至落地过程中，重力对它们做功相同D ．从开始运动至落地过程中，重力对它们做功的平均功率相同9、以初速度v 0做平抛运动的物体，重力在第1 s 末和第2 s 末的功率之比为α，重力在第1 s 内和第2 s 内的平均功率之比为β，则( ) A ．α/β＝3/2 B ．α/β＝2/3 C ．α/β＝1/2 D ．α/β＝210、设飞机在飞行中所受空气阻力与它的速率平方成正比，当飞机以速率v 水平匀速飞行时， 发动机的功率为P 。
若飞机以速率3v 水平飞行时，发动机的功率为 （ ）A ．3PB ．9PC ．18PD ．27P11、.图是一汽车在平直路面上启动的速度—时间图象,从t 1时刻起汽车的功率保持不变,由图象可知( )A.0 ～ t 1时间内,汽车的牵引力增大,加速度增大,功率不变B.0 ～ t 1时间内,汽车的牵引力不变,加速度不变,功率增大C.t1 ～ t 2时间内,汽车的牵引力减小,加速度减小D.t1 ～ t 2时间内,汽车的牵引力不变,加速度不变12、质量为1kg 的物体从30m 高处自由下落2s ，此时它的重力势能为（ ） A ．200J B ．300J C ．100J D ．400J13、一质量为m 、边长为a 的正方体与地面之间的动摩擦因数μ=0.1，为使它水平移动距离a ，可采用将它翻倒或向前匀速平推两种方法，则 ( ) A ．将它翻倒比平推前进做的功少 B ．将它翻倒比平推前进做的功多 C ．两种情况做的功一样多D ．两种情况做功的多少无法比较14、某同学在做利用橡皮筋探究功与速度变化关系的实验时，拖着纸带的小车在橡皮筋的作用下由静止运动到木板底端，在此过程中打点计时器在纸带上打下的相邻点间的距离变化情况是 ( )A ．始终是均匀的B ．先减小后增大C ．先增大后减小D ．先增大后均匀不变 14、一人把质量为m 的球从静止开始举高h, 并获得速度为v, 则人对球做功是________,重力对球做功是________, 合力的功是________.（填以下选项中的序号） A.mv 2B.mghC.- mghD.mgh+mv 215、如图所示，质量为m 的物体用细绳经过光滑小孔牵引在光滑水平面上做匀速圆周运动，拉 力为某个值F 时，转动半径为R ，当拉力逐渐减小到4F时，物体仍做匀速圆周运动，半径为2R ，则外力对物体所做的功大小是 （ ）A ．4FR B ．43FRC ．25FR D ．016、在离地H 高处, 一人水平抛出一个质量为m 的物体, 当落到离地h 高处, 物体的速度变为v, 则物体被抛出时动能是 ( )A. 1/2mv 2+mgh B. 1/2mv 2+mgh-mgH C.mgH-1/2mv 2D. 1/2mv 2-mgh+mgH 17、如图所示，一个小球质量为m ，静止在光滑的轨道上，现以水平力击打小球，使小球能够通过半径为R 的竖直光滑轨道的最高点C ，则水平力对小球所做的功至少为 ( )A .mgR B.2mgR C.2.5mgR D.3mgR18质量为m 的子弹，以水平速度v 射入静止在光滑水平面上质量为M 的木块，并留在其中， 下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．子弹克服阻力做的功与木块获得的动能相等B ．阻力对子弹做的功与子弹动能的减少相等C ．子弹克服阻力做的功与子弹对木块做的功相等D ．子弹克服阻力做的功大于子弹对木块做的功19、如图所示，质量为m 的小球用长L 的细线悬挂而静止在竖直位置。
在下列三种情况下，分别用水平拉力F 将小球拉到细线与竖直方向成θ角的位置。
在此过程中，拉力F 做的功各是多少？ （1）F 为恒力 （2）用F 缓慢地拉；（3）若F 为恒力，而且拉到该位置时小球的速度刚好为零。
A.θcos FLB.θsin FLC.()θcos 1-FLD.()θcos 1-mgL二、填空题20、一个物体做自由落体运动，第1秒、第2秒、第3秒内重力做功之比 ；第 1秒、第2秒、第3秒末物体的动能之比 。
21、如图所示，绷紧的传送带始终保持着大小为v ＝4m/s 的速度水平匀速运动，一质量m ＝1kg 的物块无初速度地放到皮带A 处，物块与皮带间的动摩擦因数μ＝0.2，A 、B 之间距离为s ＝6m ，则物块从A 运动到B 的过程中摩擦力对物块做功________J(g ＝10m/s 2)22、如图所示，一质量为m 的物体，从倾角为θ的光滑斜面顶端由静止下滑，开始下滑时离地高度为h ，当物体滑至斜面底端时重力的瞬时功率为________，整个过程的平均功率为________．23、在水平地面上平铺n 块砖，如图，每块砖的质量为m ，厚度为h ，如将砖一块一块地叠放 起来，在此过程中，重力要做功________24、与普通自行车相比,电动自行车更省力.下表为某一品牌电动自行车的部分技术参数，在额 定输出功率不变的情况下,质量为60 kg 的人骑着此电动车沿平直公路行驶,所受阻力恒为车和 人总重的0.04倍.当此电动车达到最大速度时,牵引力为________N, 当车速为2 m/s 时,其加速度 为_______m/s 2(g=10 m/s 2).25、一个物体从O 点自由下落，途经A 、B 两点，如图所示．已知OA ∶OB ＝1∶2，物体经过A 点时的动能是40J ，那么经过B 点时物体的动能是________．26、甲、乙、丙三物体的质量之比为m 甲∶m 乙∶m 丙=1∶2∶3，它们沿水平面以一定的初速度 在摩擦力的作用下减速滑行到停下来，滑行距离分别为s 甲、s 乙、s 丙。
（1）若它们与水平面间的动摩擦因数相同，初动能相同，则s 甲∶s 乙∶s 丙=________。
（2）若它们所受的摩擦力相同，初动能相同，则s 甲∶s 乙∶s 丙=________。
27、质量为m 的小球从离地高H 处竖直下抛，与地面碰撞后，反弹的高度超过原抛出点高度 的1/3，若球与地碰撞时没有能量损失，则下抛时的初速率为_________．28、一个物体在恒力F 作用下由静止开始运动，速率达到v ，然后换成一个方向相反大小为3F 的恒力作用，经过一段时间后，物体回到出发点，则物体回到原出发点时的速率为_________ 29、姚明恐怕是你的偶像吧，他在NBA赛场上绝大多数时间是表现得温文尔雅的，但有的时候他也会爆发一下。
这不，在裁判连续吹他犯规后，他将手中的篮球狠狠地砸向了地面。
假设篮球质量为m ，以初速度由高度为h 处砸下，球与地面相碰无能量损失，空气阻力大小恒为，请问篮球自抛出到最后停在地面上的整个运动过程中的总路程为_________。
30、用如图所示的装置，探究功与物体速度变化的关系．实验时，先适当垫高木板，然后由静止释放小车，小车在橡皮条弹力的作用下被弹出，沿木板滑行。
小车滑行过程中带动通过打点计器的纸带，记录共运动情况．观察发现纸带前面部分点迹疏密不匀，后面部分点迹比较均匀，回答下列问题：（1）适当垫高木板是为了____________;（2）通过纸带求小车速度时，应使用纸带的________________(填“全部”、“前面部分”或“后面部分”) ;（3）若实验作了n 次，所用橡皮条分别为1根、2根……n 根，通过纸带求出小车的速度分别为v 1、v 2……v n ，用W 表示橡皮条对小车所做的功，作出的W —v 2图线是一条过坐标原点的直线，这说明W 与v 的关系是____________．31、在“探究恒力做功与动能改变的关系”实验中，某实验小组采用如图甲所示的装置．实验步骤如下：①把纸带的一端固定在小车的后面，另一端穿过打点计时器 ②改变木板的倾角，以重力的一个分力平衡小车及纸带受到的摩擦力 ③用细线将木板上的小车通过一个定滑轮与悬吊的砂桶相连④接通电源，放开小车，让小车拖着纸带运动，打点计时器就在纸带上打下一系列的点，测出x 、x 1、x 2(如图乙所示)，查得打点周期为T .判断重力的一个分力是否已与小车及纸带受到的摩擦力平衡的直接证据是_______________；本实验还需直接测量的物理量是：__________________.(并用相应的符号表示) 探究结果的表达式是________________．(用相应的符号表示)32、一个同学要研究轻质弹簧的弹性势能与弹簧长度改变量的关系，进行了如下实验：在离地面高度为h 的光滑水平桌面上，沿着与桌子边缘垂直的方向放置一轻质弹簧，其左端固定，右端与质量为m 的一个小钢球接触．当弹簧处于自然长度时，小钢球恰好在桌子边缘，如图所示．让钢球向左压缩弹簧一段距离后由静止释放，使钢球沿水平方向射出桌面，小钢球在空中飞行后落在水平地面上，水平距离为s 。