(完整版)中考英语语法专项一名词讲解及习题
【中考英语考点详解+专项训练】专题1 名词 (原卷版)
名词属于十大词类中的一种，主要包括普通名词和专有名词两种。
纵观近几年中考对于名词的考查，主要以选择题和填空题为主，考查内容以词义理解、名词所有格及词形转换居多。
在备考2023年中考时，注意掌握名词变复数的变化规则，掌握不可数名词向可数名词转化的规律，名词所有格的用法，名词的句法功能等，并做到灵活运用，以便提高综合运用能力。
中考考查重点：一、名词词义辨析；二、名词的数；三、名词所有格。
考向一：名词的分类分类说明例句普通名词可数名词个体名词表示人或事物的个体名称city城市，panda熊猫，chair椅子，hospital医院，nurse护士集体名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称public公众，people人们，class班级，family家庭，police警察不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质或材料的名称rice大米，snow雪，steel钢铁，cotton棉花，corn玉米，air空气抽象名词表示行为、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词courage勇气，determination决心，satisfaction满意，happiness幸福，success成功，love热爱专有名词表示人名、地名、国名London伦敦，Tom汤姆，the Great Wall长城，Asia亚洲表示书名、电影名、各种标语Spider Man 《蜘蛛侠》表示机构、组织、团体UNESCO联合国教科文组织集体名词的分类1. 本身是复数，如，cattle牛群，people人们，police警察。
2. 本身单复数均可表示，如audience观众，class班级，club俱乐部，committee委员会，company公司，crew船员，enemy敌人，family家庭，government政府，group组，team队（当这一类词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于其表示的具体含义，如果作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指的是具体成员，则谓语动词用复数形式）►The family is the basic unit of society. 家庭是构成社会的基本单位。
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）第1讲：名词名词当然是大家都很熟悉的了，我们吃的food，喝的drinks，穿的clothes 都是名词。
It is easy, right? 但是你可能被名词的单复数变化、名词作定语以及名词所有格等问题搞得糊里糊涂的，到底该怎么用呢？OK,follow me。
First, 名词复数的特殊变化。
普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或-es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。
这些小调皮是：a. class, box, watch, brush等词以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es；b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es；c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es；d. 以-o结尾的名词，一般来说，末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。
末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词，变复数加-es。
如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。
e. child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse （mice）, man（men ）, woman（women ）等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。
注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；f. deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。
好记好记。
people，police，cattle 等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。
中考英语语法知识专题(1)名词、名词所有格课件(含答案)
—They are very beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful__________.( C )
A. instruction
B． description
C． collection
3．(2016·中考改编)—My favorite TV________is A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国)．
物质 名词
抽象 名词
食物 饮料 自然物质 情感 概念 学科，语言
bread，meat，rice，cheese，fish，beef water，tea，coffee，wine，milk，cola wood，sand，soil，air friendship，peace，joy，love news，population maths，physics，geography，English
第三篇 语法知识专题
第一节 名词/名词所有格
名词 (一)名词的分类：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它分为专有名词和普通名词。
类别
定义
例词
专有名词
表示具体的人名，事物， China，the Great 地名，组织等名称的词。 Wall
可数 普通
名词 不可
数
个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词
表个别人或事物的名称 表若干人或事物的名称 表物质或材料的名称 表感情等抽象概念的名称
情况
特殊 名词
构成方法 变内部元音
单复数同形 完全不规则
例词 man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—
teeth Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish (中国人和日本人喜爱绵羊、鹿和鱼) penny—pence，child—children，mouse—mice
初中英语语法名词用法讲解及专项练习
初中英语语法名词⽤法讲解及专项练习初中英语语法名词⽤法讲解及专项练习【考点讲解】⼀、名词的分类⼆、可数名词与不可数名词(⼀) 可数名词名词分为可数和不可数名词。
物质名词与抽象名词⼀般属于不可数名词，它们只有单数形式；个体名词和集体名词⼀般是可数名词，通常有单数和复数两种形式。
1. 单数变复数的规则【注】①常见的以o 结尾要加es 的有如下⼏个：hero, tomato, potato ,可记为“英雄爱吃西红柿和⼟⾖”。
剩余以o 为结尾的加s ：如photo, zoo, piano等②以f 或fe 结尾变f 或fe 为v+es 的词有如下：⼩偷的妻⼦⽤⼑把狼劈成两半，⼀半放在书架上，⼀半放在树叶上2. 不规则复数形式(1) 元⾳或词尾发⽣变化：child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse-policeman -___________, Frenchman-_________Englishman-(2) 单复数形式相同： (3) 形式为复数，意思为复数：people ，police(4) 形式为复数，意思为单数：news, maths, physics(5) 只能⽤复数形式：trousers, shoes, glasses ……【注】○1man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher –，woman doctor –_____________；○2但是其他合成名词，只需把其中⼼词变成复数形式。
如：shoe factory- , banana tree-3. “某国⼈”的复数形式“中⽇不变英法变，其余s加后边”(⼆)不可数名词不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，⼀般没有复数形式1. 物质名词有water, rice, tea, milk, chicken(鸡⾁), fish(鱼⾁), food, fruit, beef, orange(橙汁), sugar, salt, paper(纸), porridge, bread, sand, juice,chalk等；抽象名词有news, music, time(时间), information等；2. 在英语中，不可数名词如果要表⽰“量”的概念，可以⽤以下两种⽅法：(1) ⽤much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表⽰多少，例如：a lot of money / some milk / any water / much snow(2) ⽤“a piece / glass / cup / bottle / bag of+不可数名词”或“数词pieces / glasses / cups / bottles / bags of+不可数名词”这类定语，例如：a piece of paper ( wood / bread) →a bottle of orange →a glass of wate r →a cup of tea →a bag of rice →3. 不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词a/an连⽤；4. 注意有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，此时中⽂意思有区别。
中考英语语法复习：名词讲解及提升练习(有答案)
初中语法复习：名词讲解及提升练习考点1：名词的单复数变化1）大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾，则一般加es；2）以o结尾的单词除了两人（negro，hero）两菜（tomato，potato）加es外，其余一般加s；3）以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；4）英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—teeth。
关于以O结尾，加上-es变复数的单词，我们可以这样记住：黑人英雄爱吃土豆和马铃薯，那么negro, hero, tomato, potato便可以很快记住了。
考点2：可数名词和不可数名词的数量表达注：1、名词单数变复数口诀(一) 规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加-s 占多数；s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上-es；词尾是f 或fe，加-s 之前先变ve；辅母+ y 在词尾，把y 变i 再加-es；词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。
(二) 不规则变化男人女人a 变e，鹅足牙oo 变ee；老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变ic；孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。
2、1）名词可数性：专有名词不可数：人名地名国家。
2）物质名词不可数：金木水火土沙肉食米面布茶咖啡果汁牛奶酒钢铁玻璃煤油墨水作业纸粉笔头发新闻天气天气。
3）抽象名词不可数：幸福时光爱情知识力量发明仁慈友谊关系青春信息勇气。
巩固提升：一、单选题1．How much ________do you have on you?A．money B．coin C．key D．bill2．Don't be afraid to ask for some ________ about ordering the meal.A．suggestion B．method C．opinion D．advice3．For the time being we can collect much ________ either from books or on the Internet. A．idea B．method C．information D．suggestion 4．Now a large number of people ________ helping clear the snow in the street.A．is B．are C．was D．were5．Stella is going to move into a new flat next month, so she plans to buy some ________.A．chair B．flower C．furniture D．picture 6．The old lady saved many ________ from dying of hunger in the 1950s.A．monkey B．elephant C．children D．butterfly 7．Villagers in the mountain area used to raise many________ on the farm to make a living. A．bear B．horse C．chicken D．sheep 8．Kate plans to work for the community with some classmates of________ this summer. A．she B．her C．herself D．hers9．Mary chatted with a friend of on WeChat for a long time last night.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 10．The policeman gave us much on how to protect ourselves when we are in danger. A．example B．tip C．note D．advice11．I think one effective ______for me to improve my memory is to have enough sleep. A．information B．advice C．method D．conclusion 12．With great efforts and a strong will, the teenager has made a lot of ______. A．progress B．achievement C．complaint D．friend 13．The police are worried about the of the boy who has been missing for 3 days. A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety答案：1．A2．D3．C4．B5．C6．C7．D8．D9．C10．D11．C12．A13．D二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Sam studies hard and he is confident that he'll pass the ________ examinations. (enter)2.Tony’s uncle was born in Spain, but he is a ________ of France. (city)3.Holding his ________ for about three minutes, Jerald swam down to a depth of 112 metres. (breathe)4.Few young people are interested in traditional ________ .(skill)5.They have reached a __________ about when and where to hold the party. (decide)6.Miss Guo tells us that there're different __________ to improve our memory. (method)7.Wendy was happy when she saw the menu that included many delicious ________. (dish)8.The manager said that the _________ of the report must be at least fifteen minutes. (long)9.The police are investigating a series of bank _________ in the city center. (robbery)10.When we describe people, we mention their age-group, their build and their _______. (high)11.As doctors, we take pride in our _______. (responsibility)12.The Pony Express was a ________started in 1860 that carried mail and news throughout the West. (serve)13.Zhong Nanshan is one of our country's national ________. (hero)14.A ________(win) is not a person who never fails, but a person who never gives up.15.It’s important for students to build relationships with other members of the ________.（social）16.Making other people satisfied also brings me _________ every day. (happy)17.As usual, our leader made his New Year's _________ on TV on Dec.31. (speech)18.The terrible disease has had a huge _________ on the way we see ourselves. (effective)19.The sudden _____of the pet dog made the old lady very sad.（dead）20.Many _____gathered in the hall to welcome the new year.（citizen）21.We are confident of the doctor's ________ to cure this disease. (able)22.Peter made his sister laugh by telling her many ________. (joke)23.The hotel offers different _______ of amusements to attract the guests. (variety)24.The ________ of that bridge is over 200 metres. (long)25.Two ________(policewoman) are directing traffic at the crossing.puters were considered as one of the greatest ________ in the 1920s though they were very huge at that time.（invent）27.To tell you the ________, I have worked very hard to prepare for the final exam.（true）28.Two armed ________took place on the same street on Monday afternoon.（robbery）29.It’s a new story full of________, adventure and heroic characters.（act）30.The doctor says the________ was a great success, and the patient will get better, (operate)31.The boy could not sleep, and he began to count________, but failed. (sheep)32.Because of the traffic jams, I missed the ________ of the performance. (begin)33.One major ________ of that machine is too big for us to carry. (advantage)34.Kate bought lots of ________ from the market yesterday morning. (strawberry)35.The ________ on show are all excellent, you can choose any of them. (piano)36.The suspect is still missing and there is no record of his ________ yet. (die)37.The report on the patient's ________ caught attention of the public. (ill)38.Tom was on top of the world after returning from the ________ park. (amusing)39.We know that it was a very hard ________, but we feel we made the right one. (decide)40.The boy is so good with the ________ of colors. (choose)41.Richard had little________in understanding the reason for your decision. (difficult)42.To reduce the spread of virus（病毒）, many countries stop _________ from entering. (foreign)43.Helen’s ambition is to become an ________ in the future. (art)44.Robben owns some furniture _______ in Wuhan. (factory)45.We are trying to find a good ______ to deal with the environmental problems. (solve)46.The supermarket near our neighbourhood sells different kinds of meat ________. (produce)47.Doing housework teaches kids independence, care and ________. (responsible)48.To tell you the _______, the tour of the Movie Park was the highlight of our visit.(true)49.The company offered a number of chances for teachers’ professional________. (develop)50.As a soldier, you have to obey ________. (order)51.China celebrated its ________ birthday in the year 2019. (seventy)52.The scene in front is too ________ for me to have a look at. (frighten)53.His students have to hand in their homework no ________ than next Friday. (late)54.Teenagers should learn to be ________ thinkers rather than follow others blindly. (depend).55.Make sure the windows are closed and the door is ________ locked before you leave. (secure)56.Customers can make a ________ to the manager by phone, by letter or face to face. (complain)57.The factories are planning to make products with recycled materials to ________ energy. (safe)urent, 9, will become one of the______people to graduate from a university. (young)59.We need to concentrate on our________now, while we have the energy. (goal)60.I forgot to take my textbook. The girl next to me shared_______with me. (she)61.The show was so boring that we fell ______after an hour. (sleep)62.A number of animals have escaped from the zoo________, including a rare white tiger. (recent)63.The death of the boy’s parents left him feeling extremely_______and alone. (help)64.He can correctly______a pack of cards in just 31.16 seconds. (memory)65.-- That’s not a very good time of year to travel. -- Perhaps not. It was just a_______.” (think)66.Scientists are trying to establishing more______for their argument. (proof)67.Sue has already graduated from university in her early_____. (twenty)68.The twin sisters are only five years old, but they can take care of______. (they)69.People speak different______of English in different parts of Britain. (vary)70.“How are you?” is a very______question. It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer. (usual)71.Studying abroad has made me much more______in many ways. (depend)72.If you really want to______, you will have to work very hard. (success)73.She didn’t stop mopping the floor until it became _______clean. (spot)74.We are always encouraged to express our own ______naturally in class.（opinion）75.They held a party for their cousin’s _______birthday last weekend.（twenty-five）76.A friend of ______visited the village and she really had a good time there.（me）77.Some people argue teachers aren’t as important as before because there is an increasing_______of information resources.（various）78.We used to visit London once a week, but ______we go there twice a week.（recent）79.He was _______to find his room cleaned and everything arranged in perfect order.（surprise）80.I wonder how to start and ______the new washing machine.（operation）81.His 8-year-old son is so ______that he can go to school on his won.（depend）82.The team are working on a couple of unsolved ________ of this century. (mystery)83.Many important events were held in the ________ half of the year. (two)84.The ________ is so exciting that you can have a lot of food for thought. (speak)85.There’s a large ________ of soft drinks to choose from in this store. (various)86.It’s a pity that the world famous church was ________ damaged by a fire. (serious)87.The report says the faster you read, the ________ you understand what you’ve read. (little)88.It’s worrying that some students are ________ of the risk of playing computer games. (aware)89.Don’t forget to ________ the date, the price and the signature on the contract. (examination)90.I can’t do the______question but I have finished doing the other. (four )91.Peter’s mother has promised to buy______a Millet Bracelet(小米手环) as a present. (he)92.As a good detective, Ken looks for clues carefully and never jumps to______.（conclusion）93.My partner was______ill and she had an operation the day before yesterday. ( serious)94.Having done enough revision work, Joe is sure that he’ll______in the final exam.(success)95.That shop sells a______of unusual, fun model cars, many kids like to go there. (vary)96.Linda is a______leader in our group. She is always active in dealing withproblems.(confidence)97.When you feel tired or______, you can look for something interesting to do.(happy)98.My postcard is different from ______in size and color. (she)99.The lights in the restaurant were too dark. We had to change our ______. (seat)100.Frank has just begun the ______year in the college, so everything is still fresh to him. (two) 101.The man has ______in running the shop because of the good service. (success)102.The information was ______and the army lost the war again. (use)103.Wendy has ______recorded a TV programme about making funny comics. (recent)104.Susan will make a ______on children rights next week. (speak)105.Eating too much ______food really does harm to us. (healthy)106.Liao Changyong is an excellent Chinese_____who has held many concerts. (sing)107.The snake can reach a_____of one hundred centimeters. (long)108.I guess the gentleman with a pair of glasses must be in his early_____now. (fifty)109.Several recent_____showed 75% of those questioned were in favour of the plan. (survey) 110.The jacket is available in_____colours. You can choose what you like. (variety)111.Every morning the students greet the teachers_____with a smile at the school gate. (polite) 112.I’ve just bought my new car, so I make up my mind to_____my old one. (sale)113.Mike’s classmates aren’t satisfied with him because he is always_____. (honest)答案1.entrance2.citizen3.breath4.skills5.decision6.methods7.dishes8.length9.robberies10.height 11.responsibilities12.service13.heroes14.winner15.society16.happiness17.speech18.effect19.death 20.citizens21.ability22.jokes23.varieties24.length25.policewomen26.inventions27.truth28.robberi es29.action30.operation31.sheep32.beginning33.disadvantage34.strawberries35.pianos36.death37. illness38.amusement39.decision40.choice41.difficulty42.foreigners43.artist44.factories45.solution ter5 plaint57.save58.youngest59.goals60.hers61.asleep62.recently63.helpless64.memorize65.thought66.proofs67.twenties68.themselves69.varieties70.unusual71.indep endent72.succeed73.spotlessly74.opinions75.twenty-fifth76.mine77.variety78.recently79.surprise d80.operate81.independent82.mysteries83.second84.speech85.variety86.seriously87.less88.unawa re89.examine90.fourth91.him92.conclusions93.seriously94.succeed95.variety96.confident97.unha eless103.recently104.speech105.unhealthy106. singer107.length108.fifities109.surveys110.various111.politely112.sell113.dishonest。
中考英语语法讲解(1)——名词
初中中考英语语法专题讲解名词要点归纳1．名词——表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。
2．名词的分类：专有名词：表示的是某一特定的人、事物、地方、团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专有的名称。
例：China, Chinese, Sunday, May, Smith, Christmas, Shanghai等。
专有名词书写时首字母一定要大写。
普通名词：表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。
如：teacher, blackboard, shipschool, family, meat, water, duty, work等。
可数名词：表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，有单数与复数两种形式。
例如：glass, man, bird,desk, book等。
不可数名词：所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法有数目计量，都称为不可数名词。
一般只用单数形式，不能在前面加a或an来表示数量。
例如：paper, rice, water, milk, tea等。
3.名词的数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
单数表示一个人或事物，复数表示一个以上的人或事物。
名词单数变复数的形式有规则变化与不规则变化之区别。
4.有关名词数的几个注意事项1.以s sh ch x 结尾的词，加es 如：buses dishes watches boxes2.元音字母o结尾的词，特别是常用词，有生命+es, 无生命+s. 如:Heroes, potatoes, omatoes, hippoes,Photos, videos, radios, pianos以oo结尾的不管有无生命都加s 如zoos.3.以f,fe结尾的词1) 通常变f 为v，再加-es。
如：half—halves, leaf—leaves, wife—wiveslife—lives等2）下列词只加s如: roofs，chiefs3) 有些词加s或es均可.如: scarf, handkerchief等4. 不规则复数形式1）改变元音字母。
中考英语语法知识专题(1)名词、名词所有格ppt课件(含答案)
名词 (一)名词的分类：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它分为专有名词和普通名词。
类别
定义
例词
专有名词
表示具体的人名，事物， China，the Great 地名，组织等名称的词。 Wall
可数 普通
名词 不可
数
个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词
Lucy with her friends goes (go) to the park every Sunday.
5．表时间、金钱、距离的名词作主语时，视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Ten years is (be) a very long time. 6．常考的不可数名词 room＝space 空间；空地 There is no room to put the desk here. news，information，advice，weather，music，pollution, population... 7．exercise 作不可数名词，意为“锻炼”。作可数名词意为“练习；操”。 We should take more exercise.It’s good for our health. Doing more eye exercises is good for our eyesight. To get high scores we should do many math exercises every day.
名词的形容词转换： n．＋y rain—rainy cloud—cloudy sun—sunny luck—lucky health—healthy n．＋ful use—useful harm—harmful beauty—beautiful care—careful wonder— wonderful thank—thankful n．＋less useless care—careless help—helpless n．＋ly friend—friendly love—lovely month—monthly n．＋n Asia—Asian America—American Australia—Australian n．＋en wool—woolen wood—wooden gold—golden
中考英语语法专题之名词(含练习及答案)
教学课题名词知识目标:理解掌握名词的概念、基本用法。
目标能力目标:理解和灵活使用名词，根据句子需要使用正确的名词形式。
重点:名词的灵活使用；可数名词单复数变形；名词所有格。
重点难点难点:理解英语里的单复数概念。
过程1.导入2.名词的概要3.课堂同步练习与讲评4.小结---名词的用法5.拓展练习与讲评专有名词名词名词意义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的词。
如:Shanghai,Lilei,desk普通名词国名地名人名可数名词不可数名词团体机构名称首字母大写个体名词表单个的人或者事物集体名词表一群人或一些事物的总称抽象名词表无法分为个体的物质物质名词表抽象概念的词如:Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…health,friendship…1.可数名词(个体名词和集体名词):有单复数之分A.不规则变化常见的有:单复数同型:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice... Chinese Japanese people sheep deer fish(中日友好永不变)a Chinese---two Chinese;a Japanese--- four Japanese(英法联盟a变e)an English--- eight Englishmen;an Frenchman---nine Frenchmen (其他后面加s)a German---five GermansB.规则变化情况一般的词以s,sh,ch,x结尾以0结尾以辅音＋y结尾以f/fe结尾构成＋s＋es有生命，+es；无生命，+s改y为i＋es改f为v＋es例词day-days desk-desksmatch-matches boss-bossestomatoes,potatoes,heroesbaby-babies fly-flieswife-wives leaf-leavesphotos,kilos, 1. Some ____ and ____ will come to visit our school next month.A. Germans; EnglishmansB. Germen; EnglishmenC. Germans; EnglishmenD. German; Englishman2.Look! There are three ______ and two ______ at the school gate. Let ’s show them around our school.A. Frenchman; GermanB. Frenchmen; GermanC. Frenchmen; GermansD. Frenchmans; Germans写出下列名词的复数形式1piece shoe orange lake23456789busbodyboylifezootomatomanGerman foxcitykeyleafpianoherowomanChinese glassenemyholidayyourselfradiotoothfishermanchild wishbabywaywolfphotofootapplesheepC.复合名词的复数变化规则: man 和 woman 都要变 girl 和 boy 却不变1 men doctors boy students 1. They are________.2women drivers girl football playersA.man doctorB.men doctorsC.men doctorD.man doctorsD.常考可数名词knifesecond chance size decisionvoicestomachacheminute mistake shape invitationtastetoothachequarter question invention concertsmellcoldhour problem discovery playexpressionfeverweek idea message ticketintroductioncoughyear suggestion difference sightcelebration1.If you work harder, you'll have another_________ to play the violin at a concert.A. sleepB. chanceC. mistakeD. problem2.-Lily, could you please pass me the_________? I want to cut the apple.-Sure, here you are. A. pen B. pencilC. bookD. knifeE.常见复数标志all/both基数词two...many/someseveral几个a few/fewotherthese/thosedifferentare/were在一般现在时的条件下,遇到复数名词,或代词,动词用原形:we all come from China.1.Those white socks____small.A.areB.isC.amD.do2.How many_____do they have?A.pictureB.picturesC.a picture3.We are_____,but they are________.A.Germans;JapaneseB.Germen;JapaneseC.Germans;JapanesesD.Germen;Japanese4.__________turn green in spring.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.Leafs5.Look!The kites in the sky are in different_____.Some are big and some are small.A.sizeB.sizesC.colorD.colors6.I can see some________on the hill.A.sheeps and deersB.sheep and deerC.sheeps and deerD.sheep and deers2.不可数名词(1)不可数名词没有复数形式,不能与a/an或具体数字连用,但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
中考语法专项一名词1.名词的数可数名词——一般是个体名词，如a boy(一个男孩)，集体名词a family(一个家庭)，可数名词在句子中必须有头或是有尾，头就是a，one，an或物主代词；尾就是复数形式。
特殊的复数形式:1）集体名词：集体名词不能运用具体的数字修饰，下面的集体名词，不能用a，one，two 等修饰，只能在其前加the表示“全体……”。
the police警察(指全体警察) the English英国人(指全体英国人)the French法国人(指全体法国人)2）复合名词a woman teacher—women teachers女教师an Englishman—Englishmen英国男子a grown-up—grown-ups成人a brother-in-law—brothers-in-law内兄、内弟、小叔、大伯2.不可数名词专有名词：NBA全美篮球协会Michael Jackson 迈克杰克逊the West Lake西湖物质名词：液体：milk water tea coffee juice oil(油)肉类：beef chicken mutton pork天气：weather rain snow wind light 光其他：news(新闻，消息) bread(面包)抽象名词：fun love luck duty kindness善良happiness幸福progress进步【注意】有些不可数的物质名词有复数形式，但表达不同意义。
tea—different kinds of teas 不同种类的茶food 食品—all kinds of foods 各种各样的食品fruit 水果—all kinds of fruits 各种各样的水果glass 玻璃— a glass 一个玻璃杯—glasses 眼镜、玻璃杯不可数名词量的表示法a cup/bag/piece/bottle/glass/slice.....a pair of3.【名词的格】1)．表示有生命的东西的名词所有格。
①一般在单数或复数名词后加－'s。
如：Tom's chair；the children's bedroom②以－s结尾的复数名词后直接加“'”。
如：the students' reading room③并列名词表示各自所属时，在两个名词之后都加’s；表示共同所属时。
在最后一个名词后加's。
如：Tom and Mike's father 汤姆和迈克的父亲(俩人共有的父亲)Tom’s and Mike’s fathers 汤姆的父亲和迈克的父亲（俩人各自的父亲）④表示店铺，某人的家，私人开的诊所、餐馆等，其所有格后的名词(如shop等)可以省略。
如：at Tom’s 在汤姆家里at the tailor's在裁缝店at a chemist's在药店2)．表示无生命的东西的名词的所有格，常常用“of+名词”的形式。
如：the covers of the book(s)书的封面 a photo of my family一张我家的全家福注意：①表示有生命东西的名词，如果名词较长或名词的定语较长．也可用“of+名词”的形式。
如：the works of Lu Xun, Lao She and Mao Dunthe founding of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国的成立②表示时间、距离、集体、城市、国家、团体、机构及某些惯用语中的名词，可用－'s。
如：yesterday's newspaper昨天的报纸five minutes’ drive开车五分钟的路程③of短语所表示的是修饰名词的具体内容或材料。
如： a map of the world 世界地图 a ring of gold 金戒指④某些习惯用法中of短语不能替换's结构。
如：teachers' office 教师办公室children's book 儿童读物中考英语试题对名词的考查重点是：1. 可数名词与不可数名词；2. 可数名词的复数变化；3.不可数名词量的表示法；4. 名词所有格；5. 名词作定语；6. 在特定的语境中考查名词词义。
4、名词作定语[中考引路]—How many ____ teachers are there in your school?—____ them______ over two hundred.A. woman; The number of; isB. women; The number of; isC. woman; A number of; isD. women; A number of; are[用法详解]名词用作定语时，通常用其单数形式。
例如：a football player 一名足球运动员；many banana trees许多香蕉树但是常以复数形式出现的名词作定语时要用复数形式。
例如：a sports meet一场运动会；a glasses store 一家眼镜店man，woman作定语时可以用单数和复数两种形式，须随所修饰名词的数而定。
例如：a man doctor 一名男医生；two women teachers 两名女教师5、在特定的语境中考查名词词义[中考引路]1. — Would you please pass me something to drink?— What about some ______?A. beefB. fishC. juiceD. bread2. —Mrs. Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.—She said she would never forget some pleasant ______while working there.A. experimentsB. expressionsC. experiencesD. emotions练习一．名词（可数名词与不可数名词、名词的复数形式、名词的所有格）典型题练习：l. -What a good ___________you've given me! Thanks a lot.-My pleasure.A. informationB.newsC.suggestionD.advice2. There are millions of websites on the Internet and there ______a lot of useful____on the websites.A. are; informationsB.are; informationC.is; informationD.is;informations3. -Can you imagine____great progress in your study with no plan?-lf you fail to plan, you plan to fail. Success doesn't happen like magic.A. to makeB.making aC.makingD.to make a4. The theme park is about ______ ride from the museum. You should start out right now.A. two hourB. two hour'sC. two hours'D. two hours5. He thought the painting was of little , so he let me have it for only ten pounds. .A. costB. priceC. valueD. money6. -How soon shall we start the bicycle trip?-_________ .A. In three days'B. After three daysC. In three days' timeD. After three day's time7. British people eat ______ a lot, and they are usually cooked in different ways.A. chickenB. beefC. fishD. potatoes8. The music made me think of the____ of a running stream.A. shoutB. noiseC. voiceD. sound9. -Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?-I'm afraid we have no ___ but to take a taxi.A. choiceB. decisionC. reasonD. information10. -Could you tell me the ______ of making such tasty cakes?-Well, I just follow the instructions in the cookbook.A. timeB. methodC. costD. menu11. Could you take ____ for these ______? They are very beautiful.A. any photos; tomatoesB. some photos; tomatoesC. some photos; tomatosD. any photos; tomatos12. The two cities have reached an ____ to develop science and technology.A. educationB. excitementC. agreementD. invention13. It's your _____ as a teacher to protect your students.A. dutyB. hobbyC. habitD. manner14. -Oh, dear! There isn't enough ___ for us in the lift.-No hurry. Let's wait for the next.A. floorB. seatC. roomD. ground15. -Judy, I guess you are only twenty-five years old, is that true?-Oh, it's a ________.A. suggestionB. secretC. reasonD. problem16. Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of____.A. knowledgeB. energyC. changeD. courage17. The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many ______ there.A. birdB. duckC. sheepD. rabbit18. I'm going to the supermarket to buy some ____ this afternoon.A. paper and pencilB. apples and bananaC. milk and eggsD. bowl and spoons19. -Why are you late, Jim?-Because there _____ a lot of traffic when I came here.A. isB. areC. wasD. were20. None of them talked. They finished their meal in _______.A. silenceB. orderC. placeD. public21. -Finding information is not a big deal today.-Well, the ______ is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.A. courageB. messageC. challengeD. knowledge以下为:根据句意, 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空22. The boy wanted to divide the apple into _______ (half).23. The tall player doubts whether his weight affects his _______ (foot)?24. Does the little boy look forward to acting as one of the _______ (hero) in the game?25. Someone is burning the _______ (leaf). We must stop him from doing so, for it willpollute the environment.26. The tourists are told that all Tibetans, male and female, carry________ (knife).27. How many ________ (scarf) did you buy for your sisters?28. Take a look! A cat is chasing three___________ (mouse) in the kitchen.29. Female (sheep) produce one or two lambs at a time.30. He is removing bits of food stuck between the (tooth) with a toothpick.31. Three fourths of the teachers in this school are _________ (woman) teachers.32. Don't look at me like that! I'm telling you the (true).33. To get good grades in the exam, we should avoid (care).34. They have just had a about where to spend their holidays. (discuss)The athlete Su Bingtian came third with a run of 9.99 seconds in the men's 100-metre race. He has become the (proud) of us Chinese.。