上海大学附属中学2012学年第二学期第一次诊断测试
2012学年七年级上海上学进修附中第二次月考
2012学年第一学期七年级数学12月月考试卷一、填空题：（每空2分，满分30分）1、-20070=_________2、当x=____时，分式7-21x 无意义；当x=____时，分式24-2+x x 的值为零。
3、化简：________b a 36ab 24-__________1132==++，化简：xy y x 4、将1-)41(，（-3）0，（-4）2这三个数按从小到大的顺序排列：_____________________5、科学家发现一种病毒的长度是0.000043mm ，科学记数法表示0.000043的结果是_______6、计算：a -3b ÷（a -1b ）2=___________7、若分式x -51与x3-22的值互为相反数，则x 的值是__________ 8、计算：____________-21y -122=+++y x x y x x 9、已知a+b=-5，ab=6，则（a-b ）2=________10、长为3m+2n ，宽为5m-n 的长方形的面积是__________11、如果一件衣服降价x%后的售价是a 元，那么这件衣服的原价是________元。
12、已知a ≠0，a ≠b ，x=1是方程ax2+bx-10=0的一个解，那么代数式ba b a 2-2-22的值是____ 13、如果记作y=22x 1+x =f （x ），并且f （1）表示当x=1时y 的值，即f （1）=22111+=21；f （21）表示当x=21是y 的值，即51)21(1)21()21(22=+=f 。
那么___________)1()(...)31()3()21()2()1(=+++++++nf n f f f f f f （结果用含n 的代数式表示，n 为正整数）。
二、选择题：（每题2分，满分10分）1、下列分式中一定有意义的是（ ） A.11-2+x x B.21x x + C.1-122x x + D.12+x x2、若分式xx x +22化简成1+x x ，则x 应满足的条件是（ ） A.x ≠-1或x ≠0 B,x ≠-1 C.x ≠-1且x ≠0 D.x ≠03、把代数式3x 3-6x 2y+3xy 2分解因式，结果正确的是（ ）A.x （3x+y ）（x-3y ）B.3x(x 2-2xy+y 2 )C.x(3x-y)2D.3x(x-y)24、把分式abb a )(2+中的a 和b 都扩大4倍，那么分式的值（ ） A.扩大为原来的4倍 B.扩大为原来的2倍 C.缩小为原来的41 D.不变 5、现有单价为x 元的果冻a 千克，单价为y 元的果冻b 千克，单价为z 元的果冻c 千克，若将这三种果冻混合在一起，则混合后的果冻单价为_____元。
上海大学附属中学2012学年第一学期期中考试预科化学试卷
上海大学附属中学2012学年第一学期期中考试预科化学试卷（满分100分，考试时间90分钟）相对原子质量（原子量）：H-1, C-12, O-16, Na-23, S-32, Cl-35.5, Fe-56, Cu-64, Ba-137一、单项选择题（共40分）1、将白醋、食用油、食盐、酒精分别放入水中，不能形成溶液的是 ................................................. （）A．白醋B．食用油C．食盐D．酒精2、碳的单质中，质地较软，常用作电极的是......................................................................................... （）A．金刚石B．活性炭C．炭黑D．石墨3、不会加剧酸雨、臭氧层空洞、温室效应等环境问题的是................................................................. （）A．使用太阳能淋浴器B．燃烧煤C．超音速飞机尾气排放D．使用氟利昂作制冷剂4、下列物质中属于无机化合物的是......................................................................................................... （）A．锌B．胆矾C．蔗糖D．甲烷5、钾肥可以增加农作物的抗倒伏能力，目前农村常用的钾肥是......................................................... （）A．尿素B．碳铵C．硫铵D．草木灰6、距地球15~35km处，有一个臭氧层。
关于臭氧的叙述不正确的是................................................ （）A．臭氧是一种单质B．臭氧和氧气的性质完全相同C．臭氧和氧气混合后形成的是混合物D．臭氧转化成氧气，发生了化学变化7、下列有关实验现象的描述正确的是..................................................................................................... （）A．铁丝在空气中被点燃，火星四射B．氧化铁放入氢氧化钠溶液中，生成红褐色沉淀C．点燃氢气和一氧化碳的混合气体，发生猛烈爆炸D．氯化铜溶液中滴入氢氧化钠溶液，产生蓝色沉淀8、在滴有石蕊试液的碳酸钠溶液中，加入过量盐酸，加盐酸前后溶液的颜色依次为 ..................... （）A．紫色、红色B．红色、紫色C．蓝色、红色D．红色、无色9、水煤气的组成是一氧化碳和氢气，它们可由水蒸气和灼热的焦炭反应制得。
上海重点大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期12月诊断测试数学试题
2023学年第一学期上海重点大学附中诊断测试高二年级 数学试卷试卷满分100分，答题时间：90分钟 本卷为试题部分，考生应将试题答案写在答题纸上．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．一．填空题（本大题满分30分）要求直接填写结果，每个空格填对得3分，否则得零分. 1. 二面角的取值范围是___________（用区间表示） 2. 抛物线24x y =的焦点坐标为________．3. 双曲线2132y x -=的两条渐近线的夹角大小是________. 4. 甲乙两人射击，中靶的概率分别为0.7、0.6.若两人同时独立射击，则恰有一人不中靶的概率为 _______. 5. 已知圆221:(1)(1)4C x y ++-=和圆2222:(2)(3)(0)C x y r r -++=>内切，则______.r =6. 已知直线02=++-k y kx 在两坐标轴上的截距相等，则=k ________．7. 已知直线y x b =+和21y x =-b 的取值范围是________.8. 已知12,F F 是椭圆22:12516x y C +=的左、右两个焦点，P 是椭圆上的动点，则1211||||PF PF +的最小值为________．9. 在ABC 中，(3,0)A -，(3,0)B ，3sin 3sin sin B A C -=，则顶点C 的轨迹方程是_____________． 10. 如图，正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的棱长为2，点P 在正方形ABCD 的边界及其内部运动，平面区域W 由所有满足15A P ≤的点P 组成，则四面体1P A BC -的体积的最大值是________．11. 设A B 、为圆221x y +=上的两动点，且120AOB ∠=︒,P 为直线:34150l x y --=上一动点，则PA PB+的最小值为_________.12. 已知曲线C 的方程为()221x y axy a ++=∈R ，下列说法中正确的序号是_________.①无论a 取何值，曲线C 都关于原点中心对称； ②无论a 取何值，曲线C 关于直线y x =和y x =-对称；C 1B 1A 1 ③存在唯一的实数a 使得曲线C 表示两条直线； ④当1a =时，曲线C 上任意两点间距离的最大值为22.二.选择题（本大题满分16分）每题4分，并且每题有且只有一个结论是正确的13. “1m >”是“方程11522y x m m -=--表示焦点在y 轴上的双曲线”的（ ）条件A. 充分非必要B. 必要非充分 B.C. 充要D. 既非充分也非必要14. 已知直线1:(1)20l t x y t -+-=，2:20()l x ty t t R ++-=∈,则下列说法中错误的是（ ）A. 直线2l 过定点(2,1)-B. 当1213t l l =⊥时，C. 当121t l l =-时，与重合D. 12252t l l =当时，、 15. A B 、都不是不可能事件，也都不是必然事件，如果A B 、是互斥事件，那么（ ）A. 事件A 与B 必不互斥B. A B 是必然事件C.A 与B 可能互斥 D. AB 是必然事件16. 我国南北朝时期的伟大科学家祖暅于5世纪末提出了祖暅原理：“幂势既同，则积不容异”．祖暅原理用现代语言可描述为：夹在两个平行平面之间的两个几何体，被平行于这两个平面的任意平面所截，如果截得的两个截面的面积总相等，那么这两个几何体的体积相等．现将椭圆2211636x y +=绕y 轴旋转一周后得到如图所示的椭球，类比计算球的体积的方法，运用祖暅原理可求得该椭球的体积为（ ） A ．32π B ．64π C ．128πD ．π256三．解答题（本大题满分54分 8+10+10+12+14）17. （4+4）在直三棱柱111C B A ABC -中，2AC BC ==，14CC =，090=∠ACB ，E 、F 分别为棱1AA 、AB 的中点．（1）求异面直线C A 1与EF 所成角的正切值； （2）求三棱锥E BCF -的全面积.18. (4+6)(1)求顶点在原点，焦点在y 轴上，且过点(4,8)--的抛物线方程；(2)求过定点(0,1)且与抛物线24y x =只有一个公共点的直线方程.19. (4+6)已知双曲线222210:)0(y x C a b a b =->>，与双曲线22142x y -=有相同的渐近线，且双曲线C 的实轴长为2.（1）求双曲线C 的标准方程；（2）已知直线0x y m -+=与曲线C 交于不同的两点B A 、，且线段AB 的中点在圆2220x y +=上，求实数m 的值.20. (3+4+5)为了让学生适应上海“3+3”的新高考模式，某校在高二期末考试中使用赋分制给等级考科目的成绩进行赋分.先按照考生原始分从高到低按比例划定A+、A 、B+、B 、B-、C+、C 、C-、D+、D 、E 共5等11级，然后在相应赋分区间内利用转换公式进行赋分，A+和E 级排名各占比5%，其余各级排名各占比10%.现从全年级的等级考化学成绩中随机取100名学生的原始成绩（满分100分）进行分析，其频率分布直方图如图所示：（1）求图中a 的值；（2）若采用分层抽样的方法，从原始成绩在[)60,50和[)70,60内的学生中共抽取6人查看他们的答题情况，再从中选取2人进行个案分析，求这2人中恰有一人原始成绩在[)60,50内的概率； （3）已知落在[)90,80的平均成绩86=x ，方差821=s ，落在[]100,90的平均成绩93=y ，方差1022=s ，求落在[]100,80的平均成绩z ，并估计落在[]100,80的成绩的标准差s （结果精确到0.1）．（3）若双曲线2C 与椭圆共焦点，离心率为2e，满足212e e =，过点2F 作斜率为()0k k ≠的直线2l交2C 的渐近线于CD 、两点，过C D 、的中点M 分别作两条渐近线的平行线交2C 于P Q 、两点，证明：直线PQ 平行于2l.。
上海华师大一附中2012届高三第二学期开学检测数学试题
华师大一附中2012届高三数学第二学期开学检测试题一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14题，考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分。
1．若集合{}{}1,2,3,4,2A B x N x ==∈≤，则____________A B =。
2．若复数1111i iz mi i+-=+-+（i 为虚数单位）为实数，则实数____________m =。
3．已知0a >，且函数212sin ()y ax =-的最小正周期为π，则_________a =。
4．在二项式452,)1(x xx 含的展开式中-的项的系数是__________。
5．（理）若直线:l y kx =与曲线{2cos :sin x C y θθ=+=（参数∈θR ）有唯一的公共点，则实数k = 。
（文）若直线:l y kx =与圆22:(2)1C x y -+=有唯一的公共点，则实数k = 。
6．已知函数1()2f x x=+的反函数为1()f x -，若1()0f x ->，则x 的取值范围为_______。
7．某程序框图如图所示, 该程序运行后输出的k 的值是__________。
8．若数列{}n a 满足21211,1,22n n a a a a +=-==，则()12lim ________n n a a a →∞+++=。
9．如图，在ABC △中，3AB =，2AC =，D 是边BC 的中点，则________AD BC ⋅=。
10．高三⑴班共有56人，学号依次为1,2,3,,56，现用系统抽样的办法抽取一个容量为4的样本，已知学号为6,34,48的同学在样本中，那么还有一个同学的学号应为(第7题)CAB_______________。
11．（理）已知数列{}n a 的通项公式为3n n a =，集合*{|,99,}i A y y a i i N ==≤∈，*{|41,}B y y m m N ==+∈。
2012师专附中一模试题
初四物理检测试题（满分：60分时间：60分钟）注意事项：本试题分第I卷和第n卷两部分，共6页。
第I卷2页为选择题，20分；第n卷4页为非选择题，40分；共60分。
温馨提示：请仔细审题、大胆尝试、耐心解答，相信你一定会有出色的表现！第I卷（选择题共20分）选择题（每小题的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的）1.下列判断符合实际的是（）A. 学生课桌的高度大约在150 c血〜160 c血之间B. 人的发声频率为20〜20000HzC. 成人步行的速度大约在 1.0m/s〜1.4m/s之间D. 2个鸡蛋的重力0.5N2 .能源、信息、材料是现代社会发展的三大支柱，下列说法正确的是（）A .太阳能、风能和核能都是可再生能源B .光纤通讯是依靠超声波来传递信息的C .在通常情况下，铜、碳棒和陶瓷都属于导体D .秦山核电站是利用原子核裂变释放的核能来发电的3 .关于图1所示四幅图片的说法中，正确的是（）A. 图片A所示的实验表明，真空不能传声B .图片B所示的实验表明，频率越高，音调越低C .图片C所示的实验表明，噪声可以在人耳处减弱D .图片D中的蝙蝠利用发出的电磁波导航4.如图2是我们常见的生活现象，由于光的折射形成的是（)5 •甲、乙两人同时从同一起跑线出发，同向做匀速直线运动，某时刻他们的位置如 图3所示，图4中能正确反映两人运动距离与时间关系的是（）A. 60s B . 50s C . 40s D . 20s 7 •下列是我们日常生活中常见的光现象，对它们的解释正确的是（）A. 人离平面镜越近，所成的像越大B. 近视眼镜是凸透镜C. 在岸上看到水中的鱼，看到的是鱼的实像D. 红光照在穿白上衣、蓝裙子的演员身上，观众看到她的上衣呈红色，裙子呈黑色&如图1所示，能够减小摩擦的是（）10.如图7所示，弹簧测力计拉着木块在水平桌面上作匀速 直线运动，下列说法中正确的是（）A. 木块所受的滑动摩擦力大于弹簧测力计的示数B. 木块所受的滑动摩擦力小于弹簧测力计的示数C. 木块所受的重力与桌面对它的支持力是一对平衡力D. 木块所受的滑动摩擦力与木块对弹簧测力计的拉力是一对 平衡力鞋底凹凸不平的花纹 A 自行车的 刹车装置B 行李箱可以滚动的轮子C图5矿泉水瓶盖上的条纹D 6 .一列队伍长50m,以2.5m/s 的速度全部通过一长 100m 的涵洞，需要的时间是（9•图6的图像中，能正确的反映重力与质量的关系的是（图6)图7初四物理期末测试题第口卷（非选择题共40分）一、 填空题（每空1分，共9分）1 . 2011年3月11日，日本仙台以东海域发生 9.0级地震并引发海啸， 致使福岛核电 站的核泄漏。
精品解析：上海市华师大一附中等八校2012届高三2月联合调研考试物理试题解析(学生版)
参加学校：华师大一附中、曹杨二中、市西、市三女子、控江、格致、市北、育才、晋元高中本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1页~4页)和第Ⅱ卷(第4页～8页)两部分，全卷共8页。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
本卷g 均取10m/s 2.第Ⅰ卷（共56分)考生注意:1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、学号、姓名.2．第Ⅰ卷（1～20小题)由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B 铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应,不能错位。
答案需要更改时,必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择.答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
一．单项选择题(每小题2分,共16分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
答案涂写在答题卡上。
)1．用比值法定义物理量是物理学中一种重要的思想方法，下列物理量的表达式不属于用比值法定义的是（ )A ．加速度m F a =B ．功率t W P =C ．速度S v t =D ．电阻IU R = 1答案：2．水流在推动水轮机的过程中做了3×108J的功,这句话应理解为（）A．水流在推动水轮机前具有3×108J的能量B．水流在推动水轮机的过程中具有3×108J的能量C．水流在推动水轮机后具有3×108J的能量D．水流在推动水轮机的过程中能量减少了3×108J2答案:3．了解物理规律的发现过程，学会像科学家那样观察和思考，往往比掌握知识本身更重要。
以下符合事实的是（）A．伽利略通过“理想实验”得出“力是维持物体运动的原因”B．牛顿建立了万有引力定律,并测出了万有引力常量C．奥斯特发现了电流的磁效应，使人们突破了对电与磁认识的局限性D．楞次发现了电磁感应现象，使人们对电与磁内在联系的认识更加完善3答案:4．下列关于电磁波的说法正确的是（）A．电磁波在真空和介质中传播的速度相同B．变化的磁场能够在空间产生电场C．电磁波的波长、波速、周期的关系为v =λ•TD．电磁波既可能是横波，也可能是纵波4。
2012年高一11月期中试卷
上海大学附属中学2012学年第一学期期中考试试卷高一化学（满分：100分，时间：90分钟）可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1；C-12；N-14；O-16；Na-23；Mg-24；Al-27；S-32；Cl -35.5；K-39；Ca-40；Fe-56；Cu-64；Zn-65；一、选择题：（每小题只有一个正确答案，共44分）1、1.氯气可用来消灭田鼠，为此将氯气通过软管灌入洞中，这是利用了Cl2下列性质中的（）①黄绿色②密度比空气大③有毒④较易液化⑤溶解于水A.①②③B.②③C.③④D.③④⑤2、下列气体不是无色的是（）A、H2 B、HCl C、CO2D、Cl23、下列物质属于可以导电的电解质是（）A．无水硫酸 B．石灰水 C．熔化的食盐 D．烧碱固体4、下列关于氯水的叙述正确的是（）A．新制氯水中只含Cl2和H2O分子 B．新制氯水可使蓝色石蕊试纸先变红后褪色C．光照氯水有气泡放出，该气体是Cl2D．氯水长时间放置后pH将变大5、16O和18O是氧元素的两种同位素，设N A表示阿伏伽德罗常数的数值，下列说法正确的是()。
A．16O2与18O2互为同分异构体B．16O与18O核外电子排布方式不同C．通过化学变化可以实现16O与18O间的相互转化D．标准状况下，1.12 L 16O2和1.12 L 18O2均含有0.1N A个氧原子6、常温常压下，用等质量的CH4、CO2、O2、Cl2四种气体分别吹出四个气球，其中气体为Cl2的是（）7、对相同状况下的12C18O和14N2两种气体，下列说法正确的是()。
A．若质量相等，则质子数相等B．若原子数相等，则分子数相等C．若分子数相等，则质量相等D．若体积相等，则密度相等8、2008年5月我国汶川发生地震灾害，假若你是卫生防疫人员，为配制0.01 mol/L 的KMnO4消毒液，下列操作导致所配溶液浓度偏高的是()A．取KMnO4样品时不慎在表面沾了点蒸馏水B．溶解搅拌时有液体飞溅C．定容时俯视容量瓶刻度线D．摇匀后见液面下降，再加水至刻度线9、取100 mL 0.3 mol/L和300 mL 0.25 mol/L的硫酸注入500 mL容量瓶中，加水稀释至刻度线，该混合溶液中H＋的物质的量浓度是()A．0.21 mol/L B．0.42 mol/L C．0.56 mol/L D．0.26 mol/L10、自来水常用Cl2消毒，某学生在实验室用这种自来水去配制下列物质的溶液，会产生明显药品变质问题的是()①AgNO3②FeCl3③AlCl3④NaHCO3A．①②B．③④C．①④D．②④11、某元素R的阴离子R2－核外共有a个电子，核内有b个中子，则表示R原子组成符号正确的是（）A．22-++baa R B．22-+-baa R C．ab R D．baa++2R12、如下图所示装置可以用来发生、洗涤、干燥、收集(不考虑尾气处理)气体。
上海市华师大一附中等八校2012届高三2月联合调研考试卷(英语)
上海2012届高三下学期（八）校联合调研考试英语试卷（八校联考）2012.2.16 参加学校：华师大一附中、曹杨二中、市西、市三女子、控江、格致、市北、(育才、晋元高中)第I卷（共105 分）II. Grammar and V ocabularySection A: GrammarDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Keeping a foreign pet is dangerous, as the owner might be infected ________ the diseases brought along with the animal.A. inB. withC. byD. for26. All the ladies wear beautiful clothes for the celebration. Some are dressed in red, _______ in purple.A. otherB. anotherC. othersD. the other27. According to some theories ________ from psychoanalysis, life is supposedly easier; and more pleasant when anxiety is overcome.A. obtainB. obtainingC. to obtainD. obtained28. To understand the complex situation completely requires more thought than ________ so far.A. gaveB. has givenC. has been givenD. is being given29. To show our respect, we usually take our gloves off _______ we are to shake hands with.A. whoeverB. wheneverC. whicheverD. wherever30. Y ou _______ an A on your term paper, but you quoted a little bit more from others' papers.A. should receiveB. could have receivedC. would receiveD. must have received31. Eric, a middle-aged fashion designer, is very happy because the clothes be designed have never been ________.A. most popularB. the most popularC. less popularD. more popular32. We are strongly against the company's decision _______ it will fire half of its staff in the following years.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when33. Nancy, ________ for about half a year to apply for a job as an airline hostess, finally took a position at a shopping center.A. struggledB. having struggledC. strugglingD. to struggle34. Don‟t start reading a book ________ you find that it‟s one you can read with ease and understanding.A. whenB. ifC. unlessD. though35. I can‟t believe that anyone else in the school can swim as fast as you, ________?A. can IB. can't theyC. can't youD. can they36. One of the things that made me long ________ back in prison was that I had little opportunity thinking and reflection.A. beB. beingC. to beD. to being37. When you have a job interview, it's ________ you're dressed that sets the tone of it.A. howeverB. howC. whatD. whatever38. The new lecture course differs from the old one, ________ the students aren't required to attend lectures.A. which thatB. thatC. whichD. in which39. Fortunately, what the witness reported to the police on the phone led to ___________.A. the suspect's being capturedB. capture the suspectC. the suspect having capturedD. be captured by the suspect40. _______ they may have, the CEO of the corporation calls on all the staff to gather their courage to strive it.A. What a serious problemB. However a serious problemC. How serious a problemD. Whatever a serious problemSection B: V ocabularyDirections: Complete the passage by choosing the proper words in the box. Each word can only beWhat is your dream? What is the goal that you have set for yourself and are working to achieve? Realizing your dreams is not an easy ___41___.Last fall I decided to write a new book for my publisher. Writing a book is a ___42___ goal, which got off to a terrific start last October. The writing is flowing well. Then I got sick. In fact, I got ill that I needed surgery and the ___43___ was long and exhausting. I did not work from the first week of November until the second week of January. By then I was nervous about meeting the April deadline for submitting the new manuscript to my publisher.Worried, I asked my author friends for some help, and they gave me this key piece of advice, “Let‟s start writing!" they all said. So I did. It was not an immediate ___44___ t o my depression, but after a few weeks of ___45___, I got back to normal. Several people in my circle of supporters helped me make some good connections and I got the book ___46___, and to the publisher on time. It was an exciting goal for me to reach, so I took my family to Hawaii as my ___47___. Sometimes you ___48___ your own dreams because of self-doubt, fear, or external complications. Y ou can think of many different excuses to ___49___ those dreams aside, but, if you go after your dreams, your world will become more exciting and you will begin to live a more passionate and meaningful life.So, now, take a minute to write down three goals you want to accomplish this year.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In 1867 the United States faced the task of rebuilding after the destruction of the Civil War, so it looked westward for the raw materials needed to fuel industrial growth. Geological surveys and mapping journeys were set forth to explore this 50 territory. These groups, in turn, hired mapmakers, scientists, cooks, drivers, and doctors. They also hired painters and photographers as part of the teams. Painters needed few supplies, making it relatively easy for them to travel in the wilderness, ____51____ photographers were not so lucky; they had to transport a fully stocked darkroom on the ___52____.Until the late 1870s, most photographers used the ___53___ wet-collodion process. The first step was to wash a clean sheet of glass with a sticky mixture of collodion and chemicals, (collodion or "gun-cotton" was a recent medical discovery used to cover wounds because the viscous (粘性的) solution turned into a protective film when dry.) After it was washed, the plate went into another bath that the picture was ___54___ getting darker; Finally, the glass negative (底片) was washed clean with fresh water. ___55___ a photograph from the negative had to wait until the photographer went back to the studio. The ___56___ of the negative depended on the size of the camera. Some negatives could be as large as 20 by 24 inches.Imagine the ___57____ of taking photographs in the 1860s and 1870s in the remote western wilderness! Photographers went over Rocky Mountains and through rushing rivers. They were ___58____ in the terrible desert heat, with cameras, sheets of glass, and vats of chemicals. Bad weather, equipment failures, and accidents were frequent problems. They persevered, but success in creating a negative did not ___59___ the production of a photograph; plates still had to be ___60___ transported back to the studio before the image could be printed on paper. A photographer could carry 120 pounds of many miles to ____61____ a magnificent view only to have the easily broken plate ___62___ in transportation.___63___, once photographers were successful, the results were superb and much admired. Photographs were put on exhibition, and people bought albums filled with pictures by Timothy O'Sullivan, Carleton Watkins, and William Henry Jackson. Jackson's photographs of Y ellowstone's natural wonders, along with the paintings of fellow Thomas Moran, even helped ___64___ Congress to preserve thousands of acres of this land in 1872 as the nation's first national park.Section BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）I once had my Chinese MBA students brainstorming on “two-hour business plans”. I separated them into six groups and gave them an example: a restaurant chain. The more original their idea, the better, I said. Finally, five of the six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. The sixth proposed a catering service. Though I admitted the time limit had been difficult, I expressed my disappointment.My students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state owned enterprises and global companies. They were not without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. The scene I just described came in different forms during my two years‟ teaching at the school. Papers were often copied from the Web and the Harvard Business Review. Case study debates were written up and just memorized. Students frequently said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.In China, every product you can imagine has been made and sold. But so few well developed marketing and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name a Chinese brand.With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established. And then there‟s the “thousand talent scheme”: this new government program is intended toimprove technological modernization by attracting top foreign trained scientists to the mainland with big money. But there are worries about China‟s research environment. It‟s hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.At last, for China, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnerships with top Western universities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them t o think creatively. It‟s about establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. It‟s not that simple.65. Why does the author feel disappointed at his students?A. Because there is one group presenting a catering service.B. Because the six groups made projects for restaurant chains.C. Because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic.D. Because the students‟ ideas were lacking in creativeness.66. We can infer from the passage that ________.A. China can make and sell any product all over the worldB. high pay may not solve the problem of China’s research environmentC. cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a Chinese brandD. the new government program are aimed at encouraging imagination67. Which is the best title of the passage?A. Look for a New Way of Learning.B. Reward Creative Thinking.C. How to Become a Creator.D. Establish a technical Environment.（B）Every summer, no matter how urgent work schedule is, I take off one day exclusively for my son. We call it dad-son day. This year our third stop was the amusement panic, where we discoveredthat he was tall enough to ride one of the fastest roller coasters (过山车)in the world. We experienced through face-stretching turns and circles for ninety seconds. Then, as we stepped off the ride, in a calm voice, he remarked that it was not as exciting as other rides he‟d been on. As I listened, I began to sense something seriously out of balance.Throughout the season, I noticed similar events all around me. Parents found it hard to find new stimulations for cold kids. Surrounded by ever-greater stimulation, their young feces were looking disappointed and boredFacing their children's complaints of "nothing to do", parents were spending large numbers of dollars for various forms of entertainment In many cases the money seemed to do little more than buy relief from the terrible complaint of their bored children. This set me thinking the obvious question: "How can it be so hard for kids to find something to do when there's been such a range of stimulating entertainment available to them?"What really worries me is the strength of the stimulation. I watch my little daughter's &ce as she absorbs bloody special effects in movies.Why do children facing such excitement seem starved for more? Thai was, I realized, the point I discovered during my own adolescence that what creates excitement is not going fast, but goingfaster. Excitement has less to do with speed than changes in speed.I am concerned about the increasing effect of years at these levels of feverish activity. It is no mystery to me why many teenagers appear uninterested and burned out, with a "been there, done that" air of indifference toward much of life. As increasing numbers of frie nds‟ children are advised to take medicine to deal with inattentiveness at school or anti-depressants (抗抑郁药)to help with the loss of interest and joy in their lives—I question the role of kids‟ boredom in some of the diagnoses (处方).My own work is focused on the chemical imbalances and biological factors related to behavioral and emotional disorders. These are complex problems. Y et I‟ve been reflecting more and more on how lie pace of life and the strength of stimulation may be contributing to the rising rates of psychological problems among children and adolescents in our society.68. The reason why the author felt surprised in the amusement park was that ________.A. his son was not as excited by the roller coasters ride as expectedB. his songs enjoyed turns and circles with his face stretchedC. his son appeared upset but calm while riding the roller coastersD. his son could keep his balance so well on the fast moving roller coasters69. According to the author, children will probably feel excited ________.A. if their parents allow them to ride roller coasters very oftenB. since parents spend money on the same form of entertainmentC. after they take anti-depressants according to the diagnosesD. if they are often exposed to more stimulating entertainment70. From his own experience, the author came to the conclusion that children seem to expect _______.A. a much wider variety of sports facilitiesB. activities that require complicated skillsC. the change of the forms of recreationD. more challenging physical exercise71. In order to relieve children's boredom, the author would probably suggest ________.A. adjusting the pace of life and strength of stimulationB. promoting the practice of dad-son daysC. consulting a specialist in child psychologyD. balancing school work with after school activities（C）Cultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for relatives and friends. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners markthe social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lese on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a family group, arc not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be children of that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste (social class) system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva（唾液）,of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, not eat from the same plate as, not even accept food from an individual or from a low-ranking class.72. According to the passage, who will NOT eat together?A. The English during regular meals.B. Americans on their first date.C. Men and women in Near Eastern societies.D. Newly-married people on the island of New Ireland.73. In Paragraph 4, the underlined word "taboos" means _____________.A. favorsB. prohibitionsC. hatredD. gossips74. According to the passage, eating together indicates all the following EXCEPT.A. the type of foodB. social relations.C. marital statusD. family ties.75. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Different kinds of food in western countries.B. Relations between food and social units.C. Symbolic meanings of different kinds of food.D. Food consumption in different cultures.Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for76._______________Tim Sparks slides a small leather-bound notebook out of an envelope. The book's yellowing pages contain beekeeping notes made between 1941 and 1969 by the late Walter Coates of Kilworth, Leicestershire. He adds it to his growing pile of local journals, birdwatchers' lists and gardening diaries. "We're uncovering about one major new record each month," he says, "I still get surprised." Around two centuries before Coates, Robert Marsham, a landowner from Norfolk in east of England, began recording the life cycles of plants and animals on his estate. Successive Marshams continued recording these notes for 211 years.77._______________Today, such records are being put to uses that their authors couldn't possibly have expected. These data sets, and others like them, are proving valuable to ecologists interested in the timing of biological events, or phonology. By combining the records with climate data, researchers can reveal how, for example, changes in temperature affect the arrival of spring, allowing ecologists to make improved predictions about the impact of climate change.78._______________But not all professionals are happy to use amateur data. "A lot of scientists won't touch them, they say they're too full of problems," says Root. Because different observers can have different ideas of what forms, for example, an open snowdrop. "The biggest concern with ad hoc (临时的) observations is how carefully and systematically they were taken,” says Mark Schwarts of the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, who studies the interactions between plants and climate. "We need to know pretty precisely what a person's been observing—if they just say …I noted when the leaves came out‟, it might not be that useful.” Measuring the onset of autumn can be particularly problematic because deciding when leaves change color is a more subjective process than noting when they appear.79._______________Overall, most phrenologists arc positive about the contribution that amateurs can make. "They get the raw power of science: careful observation of the natural world," says Sagarin. Others suggest that the right statistics can iron out some of the problems with amateur data. Together withcolleagues at Wageoingen University in the Netherlands, environmental scientist Arnold van Vliet is developing statistical techniques to account for the uncertainty in amateur phonological data. Besides, the data are cheap to collect, and can provide breadth in space, time and range of species," It‟s very difficult to collect data on a large geographical scale without enlisting an army of observers, says Root.80._______________Phonology also helps to drive h ome messages about climate change. “Because the public understand these records, they accept them,” says Sparks. It can also illustrate potentially unpleasant consequences, he adds, such as the finding that more rat infestations are reported to local councils in warmer years. And getting people involved is great for public relations. "People are excited to think that the data they have been collecting as a hobby can be used for something scientific—it empowers them” says Root.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible wordsThe automobile may not be closely associated with modem American culture, but it has occupied a central role in America's economic and social history.No one can deny the status of Henry Ford in car history. When the first Ford Model T rolled off the assembly line in 1908, businessman Henry Ford transformed the car from a luxury attachment for the rich to an automobile product for the middle classes. The rush of cars into the community forced all levels of government to build new and better roads. Better roads fed the demand for larger, faster, more stylish vehicles, and a host of companies rushed to meet that demand.If there was a first Golden Age of automobile, it may well have been the 1950s. It was an age of prosperity. Large, regular paychecks encouraged the public display of wealth through costly items such as new cars. Americans, moreover, needed those cars as they moved away from the cities into the suburbs, where such things as stores, jobs, and schools were seldom within walking distance. Cars became essential if people were to get to work or to the grocery store.As Ac 1950s slipped into 1960s, it became apparent that these fashionable wheels were gas-consuming road cruisers, dangerous in an accident, and often full of faults. Under pressure from a variety of groins, the federal government required that newer models provide greater fuel efficiency and cleaner emissions. Seatbelts became standard equipment as well Rising fad prices in the 1970s, coupled with concern for the environment, made the smaller cars produced by foreign companies for European and Asian markets very popular.The 1980s and 1990s saw an upswing in the popularity of big cars. New models including minivans and sport utility vehicles have become main products in auto dealers' showrooms. Traffic jams on the roads have become part of the American way of life. In 1911 a horse could travel through rush-hour traffic in Los Angeles at 11 miles per hour. In 2000 a car covering the same territory at the same time of day moved at about 4 miles per hour. But perhaps that is not important. When a car is equipped with a telephone and television set, a computer, and global positioning satellite connections, it can feel just like home.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. made Henry Ford well-known in car history.82. That the car industry prospered in the 1950s in America resulted from ________.83. Why were smaller cars once popular in the 1970s?84. In today's society, how can a car make people ignore traffic jams?第II卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 实验结果比预想的要满意得多。
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上海大学附属中学2012学年第二学期第一次诊断测试新疆部预科（满分：100分，时间：90分钟）可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1；C-12；N-14；O-16；Na-23；Mg-24；Al-27；S-32；Cl -35.5；K-39；Ca-40；Fe-56；Cu-64；Zn-65；一、选择题：（每小题只有一个正确答案，共40分）1、氯气可用来消灭田鼠，为此将氯气通过软管灌入洞中，这是利用了Cl2下列性质中的①黄绿色②密度比空气大③有毒④较易液化⑤溶解于水A.①②③B.②③C.③④D.③④⑤2、下列气体不是无色的是A、H2B、HClC、CO2D、Cl23、下列说法中，正确的是A.氯离子和氯原子的性质相同B.氯离子和氯原子都有毒C.氯离子比氯原子多一个电子D.氯离子呈黄绿色4、下列关于氯水的叙述正确的是A．新制氯水中只含Cl2和H2O分子B．新制氯水可使蓝色石蕊试纸先变红后褪色C．光照氯水有气泡放出，该气体是Cl2D．氯水长时间放置后pH将变大5、将H2点燃后插入氯气集气瓶中，产生的现象是A.爆炸B.安静燃烧，产生苍白色火焰C.瓶内充满棕色烟D.火焰立刻熄灭6、常温常压下，用等质量的CH4、CO2、O2、Cl2四种气体分别吹出四个气球，其中气体为Cl2的是7、欲除去Cl2中的少量HCl气体，可选用A.NaOH溶液B.AgNO3溶液C.饱和食盐水D.石灰水8、以下变化中，需加入还原剂才能实现的是A.Cl-→Cl2B.SO2-4→BaSO4C.ClO-3→O2D.MnO-4→Mn2+9、自来水常用Cl2消毒，某学生在实验室用这种自来水去配制下列物质的溶液，会产生明显药品变质问题的是①AgNO3②FeCl3③AlCl3④NaHCO3 A．①②B．③④C．①④D．②④10、氧化还原反应的实质是A.发生了得氧、失氧的变化B.元素化合价发生了改变C.有无新物质的生成D.发生了电子的转移11、碘是人体不可缺少的微量元素，下列疾病与缺碘有关的是A.贫血症B.软骨病C.大脖子病D.夜盲症12、实验室制取O2的试管壁上沾附有MnO2，可用于洗涤的试剂是A、蒸馏水B、烧碱溶液C、热的浓盐酸D、稀盐酸13、下列物质中，不能使湿润的淀粉碘化钾试纸变蓝的是A.碘酒B.KI溶液C.碘水D.溴水14、鉴别NaCl、NaBr、NaI可以选用的试剂是A．碘水、淀粉溶液B．溴水、淀粉溶液C．溴水、CCl4D．氯水、CCl415、在3Cl2＋8NH3=6NH4Cl＋N2的反应中，被氧化的NH3与未被氧化的NH3的分子数之比为A.1∶6B.3∶1C.1∶3D.6∶116、已知：①2FeCl3＋2KI=2FeCl2＋3KCl＋I2;②2FeCl2＋Cl2=2FeCl3判断下列物质氧化能力大小的顺序是A.Fe3+＞Cl2＞I2B.Cl2＞Fe3+＞I2C.I2＞Cl2＞Fe3+D.Cl2＞I2＞Fe3+17、实验室用浓硫酸制取氯化氢气体是利用了浓硫酸的A、强酸性B、吸水性C、脱水性D、难挥发性18、如下图所示装置可以用来发生、洗涤、干燥、收集(不考虑尾气处理)气体。
该装置可用于A．锌和盐酸生成氢气B．二氧化锰和浓盐酸生成氯气C．碳酸钙和盐酸生成二氧化碳D．氯化钠和浓硫酸生成氯化氢19、某学生设计了一个“黑笔写红字”的趣味实验。
滤纸先用氯化钠、无色酚酞的混合液浸湿，然后平铺在一块铂片上，接通电源后，用铅笔在滤纸上写字，会出现红色字迹。
据此，下列叙述正确的是A 铅笔端作阳极B 铂片端作阴极，发生氧化反应C 铅笔端有少量的氯气产生D a点是负极，b点是正极20、Cl2与I2在加热条件下发生反应生成一种红棕色液体氯化碘(ICl)，它有很强的化学活泼性，跟锌、水发生反应如下：①2ICl+2Zn=ZnI2+ZnCl2，②ICl+H2O →HCl+HIO，则下列叙述正确的是A.①中ZnCl2既是氧化产物，又是还原产物B.①中ZnI2既不是氧化产物，也不是还原产物C.②中ICl既不是氧化剂也不是还原剂D.②中ICl是氧化剂，H2O是还原剂二、填空题（共30分）21、（10分）洪灾过后，饮用水的消毒杀菌成为抑制大规模传染性疾病爆发的有效方法之一。
漂白粉是常用的消毒剂。
（1）工业上将氯气通入石灰乳制取漂白粉，写出化学反应方程式。
（2）漂白粉的有效成分是（填化式）。
（3）漂白粉溶于水后，受空气中的CO2作用，即产生有漂白、杀菌作用的次氯酸，化学方程式为。
（4）能体现次氯酸不稳定的化学方程式为，标出电子转移的方向和数目（5）反应（1）和（3）中，属于氧化还原反应的是（填编号）。
22、（13分）比较下列两个氧化还原反应：（1）Zn＋H2SO4（稀）→ZnSO4＋H2↑，氧化剂是__ ____，还原产物是__ ____，标出电子转移的方向和数目。
当转移0.4mol电子时，生成的气体的体积（标准状况下）是。
（2）Cu＋2H2SO4（浓）→CuSO4＋SO2↑＋2H2O，氧化剂是，标出电子转移的方向和数目，当转移0.2mol电子时，生成的还原产物的分子个数为。
硫酸在此反应中的作用是。
（3）已知稀H2SO4不能氧化单质铜。
由（1）和（2）得出下列结论：一是浓稀H2SO4都具有性和性，浓H2SO4比稀H2SO4________（强或弱）。
（提示：从氧化性、还原性、酸性、碱性角度考虑）23、(7分）有一包白色固体，可能含有Cu2+、Ca2+、Na+、K+、MnO-4、Cl-、CO2-3，现做如下实验：①将少量固体放入足量水中，搅拌、静置，得无色溶液且底部有白色沉淀；②过滤，向沉淀中加盐酸，沉淀全部溶解并产生气体；③取少量滤液，加入AgNO3溶液有白色沉淀产生，再加稀硝酸，沉淀部分溶解并有气体放出。
请回答下列问题：(1)白色固体中一定含有的离子是；(2)白色固体中一定没有的离子是；(3)白色固体中可能含有的离子是。
三、实验题（共23分）24、(13分）某学生设计如下实验装置用于制取纯净的无水氯化铜。
根据各小题的要求，A B C D E(1)装置B的作用是___________________，装置C的作用是____________________。
(2)装置A中发生反应的化学方程式为______________________________________；标出电子转移的方向和数目。
(3)装置D的中发生反应的化学方程式为。
_____________________________________，生成的固体的颜色是 ，将该固体溶于水形成稀溶液时溶液的颜色是 。
(4) 装置E 的作用是______________________________________，所发生反应的化学方程式为________________________________________________________________。
25、（10分）某同学欲探究Cl 2、Br 2、I 2之间的变化： 他向U 形管中加入约2g 高锰酸钾粉末；取 一根长为 5mm ×150mm 的玻璃管，插入橡皮塞中，在图所示装 置中的“4、5、6”位置上贴 滤纸小旗，分别滴3滴 淀粉KI 溶液、饱和KI 溶 液、溴化钠溶液。
另取一同 样的玻璃管，两端各 塞入一小团脱脂棉，在1和2处 脱脂棉上分别滴 入淀粉KI 溶液和饱和NaBr 溶液，并 在两端分别 接一橡皮管（带3个夹子，分别是a 、b 、c ）；在3处装入吸有NaOH 溶 液的脱脂棉，连接好装置。
试回答下列问题：（1）当滴加浓盐酸到U 形管 后，即可看到有黄绿色的氯气产生，与小旗接 触后，由下至上依次出现：6 色、5 色、4 色。
写出有关的化学反应方程式6 、5 。
（2）打开a 、b 、c 三处的夹子，当氯 气恰好上升到2位置，关闭夹子b ，保持一会儿即关闭夹子a ， 不使氯气上升。
取下上节玻璃管，在2处微微 加热，即看到红棕色的溴上升到1处，此时有 色出现，写出化学反应方程式 四、计算题（每题共7分）28、一定量的氢气在氯气中燃烧，所得混合物用100 mL 3.00 mol/L 的NaOH 溶液(密度为1.12 g/mL)恰好完全吸收，测得溶液中含有NaClO 的物质的量为0.0500 mol 。
(1) 原NaOH 溶液的质量分数为多少？（精确到0.01，为小数） （2）所得溶液中Cl －的物质的量为多少mol（3）所用氯气和参加反应的氢气的物质的量之比n (Cl 2) : n (H 2)是多少。
命题人：沈倩韫 审题人：戴玉霞ab c上海大学附属中学2012学年第二学期第一次诊断测试新疆部预科一、选择题（44分）二、填空题（共30分） 21、（10分）（1） 。
（2） 。
（3） 。
（4） ，标出电子转移的方向和数目 （5） 。
22、（13分）（1）__ ____，__ ____，Zn ＋H 2SO 4（稀）→标出电子转移的方向和数目。
。
（2） ，Cu ＋2H 2SO 4（浓）→标出电子转移的方向和数目，。
作用是 。
（3有 性和 性，4________（强或弱）。
23、(7分）(1) ；(2) ； (3) 。
三、实验题（共23分） 24、(13分）(1)B___________________，C____________________。
(2)A _____________ _________________________；标出电子转移的方向和数目。
(3)D ______________________ _______________， ， 。
(4) E ___________________，___ ___ _______________________________。
25、（10分）（1）6 色、5 色、4 色。
6 、5 。
（2），四、计算题（共7分）。