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北京市育才学校2025届化学高二第一学期期中联考试题含解析

北京市育才学校2025届化学高二第一学期期中联考试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

一、选择题(共包括22个小题。

每小题均只有一个符合题意的选项）1、某温度下，pH=11的氨水和NaOH溶液分别加水稀释100倍，溶液的pH随溶液体积变化的曲线如下图所示。

据图判断错误的是( )A．a的数值一定大于9B．Ⅱ为氨水稀释时溶液的pH变化曲线C．稀释后氨水中水的电离程度比NaOH溶液中水的电离程度大D．完全中和相同体积的两溶液时，消耗相同浓度的稀硫酸的体积：V(NaOH)<V(氨水)2、25℃时，水的电离可达到平衡：H2O H++OH–；△H＞0，下列叙述正确的是A．向水中加入稀氨水，平衡逆向移动，c(OH-)降低B．将水加热，K w增大，pH不变C．向水中加入少量稀硫酸，c(H+)增大，K w不变D．向水中加入少量CH3COONa固体，平衡逆向移动，c(H+)降低3、16667Ho在核治疗肿瘤上有着广泛的应用。

下列关于16667Ho的说法正确的是A．质量数是67B．质子数是67C．电子数是99D．中子数是1664、有机物的天然提取和人工合成往往得到的是混合物，假设给你一种这样的有机混合物让你研究，一般要采取的几个步骤是A．分离、提纯→确定化学式→确定实验式→确定结构式B．分离、提纯→确定实验式→确定化学式→确定结构式C．分离、提纯→确定结构式→确定实验式→确定化学式D．确定化学式→确定实验式→确定结构式→分离、提纯5、对下列有机反应类型的认识中，错误的是()−−−−−→＋H2O；取代反应A．＋HNO3浓硫酸ΔB．CH2=CH2＋Br2→CH2Br－CH2Br；加成反应光照CH3Cl＋HCl；置换反应C．CH4＋Cl2−−−−−→−−−−−→CH3COOC2H5＋H2O；酯化反应D．CH3COOH＋C2H5OH浓硫酸Δ6、25℃，有pH相等的CH3COONa和NaHCO3两种溶液，下列说法正确的是HCO>CH3COO－A．c(CH3COONa)<c(NaHCO3) B．水解程度：-3C．所含离子总数相等D．加水稀释，pH均增大7、如图为某化学反应的速率与时间的关系示意图。

北京市育才中学2023-2024年八下期中数学试卷及答案

2023—2024学年度第二学期北京市育才学校八年级数学学科期中考试试卷一．选择题：（每小题2分，共20分）. 1. 下列各式中，是最简二次根式的是（）.A ．BC D2. 以下列各组数为边长，不能构成直角三角形的是（）.A. 3，4，5B. 4，5，6C.D. 1， 23. 下列计算，正确的是（）.A B ． C = D 2=4. 关于四边形对角线的性质，下列描述错误的是（）. A ．平行四边形的对角线互相平分 B ．矩形的对角线互相垂直C ．菱形的每一条对角线平分一组对角D ．正方形的对角线相等5. 一次函数21y x =+的图象一定经过下列四个点中的（）. A ．(12，1) B ．(12−，1−) C ．(1，3) D ．(1−，0) 6. 若△ABC 的面积为12，则以△ABC 三边的中点为顶点的三角形的面积等于（）. A. 6B. 4C. 3D. 27. 一次函数y kx b =+满足0kb >，且y 随x 的增大而减小，则此函数的图象一定不经过（）. A ．第一象限B ．第二象限C ．第三象限D ．第四象限8. 如图，网格中每个小正方形边长均为1，点A ，B ，C 都在格点上，以A 为圆心，AB 长为半径画弧，交最上方的网格线与点D ，则CD 的长为（）. A.5 B. 0.8 C. 52− D. 35−9. 在学校科技节活动中，聪聪用四根长度相同的木条制作了能够活动的菱形学具．他先活动学具成为图1所示菱形，并测得120B ∠=︒，接着活动学具成为图2所示正方形，并测得对角线20AC =cm ，则图1中对角线AC 的长为（）.A ．102cmB ．202cmC ．106cmD ．56cm10. 如图1，四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，连接BD ，动点P 从点A 出发，沿折线AB →BD →DA 匀速运动，回到点A 后停止. 设点P 运动的路程为x ，线段AP 的长为y ，图2是y 与x 的函数关系的大致图象，则平行四边形ABCD 的面积为（）.A. 245B. 165C. 125D. 36CB DAP 图1xy68126O 图2D Axyy = 6 xy = k ∙x2ODEBC A17题图x二．填空题：（每小题2分，共16分）.11. 若1x −在实数范围内有意义，则实数x 的取值范围是_______． 12. 已知23a =，则a =_______．13. 已知点(2−，1y )，(1，2y )都在直线23y x =−上，则1y _______2y （填“＞”，“＝”或“＜”）．14. 函数2y tx t =++为正比例函数，则t 的值为_______．15. 在Rt △ABC 中，∠ACB =90°，CD ⊥AB 于点D ， ∠ACD =3∠BCD ，E 是斜边AB的中点，则∠DCE =_______°．16. 函数y kx =与6y x =−的图象如图所示，则k =_______．17. 如图，一支17cm 的铅笔放在圆柱体笔筒中（铅笔的粗细不计），笔筒内部底面直径为9cm ，内壁高12cm ，那么这支铅笔露在笔筒外的部分长度x （cm ）的范围是_______．18. 矩形ABCD 中，点E 是AD 上一点，AE =2，DE =3，DC =6，点F 是AB 边上的动点，以EF 为一边作菱形EFGH ，使顶点H 落在CD 上，连接CG ，则EF 的最小值为_______，△HCG 面积的最小值为_______．GHCDABE F18题图三．解答题：（共8小题，共64分） 19. 计算：（共2小题，每小题4分）（1）；（2）22)+.20.（6分）如图，在ABCD 中，点E ，F 分别在BC ，AD 上，且BE =DF ．求证：AE ∥CF .21.（8分）如图，折叠矩形ABCD 的一边BC ，使点B 落在AD 边上的点F 处，折痕为CE ，若AD =5，CD =3，求AE 的长.22.（8分）在平面直角坐标系xOy 中， A (1−，4)， B (3，0)，C (2−，0)．（1）求直线AB 所对应的函数的解析式，并画出直线AB ；（2）直接写出∠OBA 的度数为_______°；（3）若点P 是直线AB 上一点，当△BCP 的面积为5时，求点P 的坐标.EA B23.（6分）尺规作图：过直线外一点作这条直线的平行线．已知：如图，直线l 和直线l 外一点A ．求作：直线m ，使得m ∥l ，且m 经过点A ．作法：①在直线l 上任取一点B ，以点B 为圆心，任意长为半径作弧，交l 于点C ； ②连接AC ，分别以A ，C 为圆心，大于12AC 长为半径作弧，两弧交于P ，Q 两点；③作直线PQ ，交AC 于点O ；④作射线BO ，在线段BO 的延长线上取点D ，使得DO ＝BO ； ⑤作直线AD ，则AD 即为所求作直线m ．（1）使用直尺和圆规，依作法补全图形（保留作图痕迹）；（2）完成下面的证明．证明：连接AB ，CD ，∵PQ 是线段AC 的垂直平分线，垂足为O ，∴AO ＝CO ．又∵DO ＝BO ， ∴四边形ABCD 为（）（用汉字填四边形名称）（_____________________________________）（填推理依据）．∴AD ∥BC （____________________________________）（填推理依据）．即m ∥l ．lAlA24.（9分）探究函数y＝|x+1|的图象与性质．请将探究过程补充完整：（1）函数y＝|x+1|的自变量x的取值范围是；（2）下表是x与y的几组对应值：m=，n= ；（3）在如图网格中，建立平面直角坐标系xOy，描出上表中各对对应值为坐标的点，并画出该函数的图象；−|+1的图象可以看作是由函数y＝|x+1|的图象向（填“左”（4）函数y＝|x2或“右”）平移个单位长度，再向（填“上”或“下”）平移个单位长度而得到；（5）以下关于函数y＝|x+1|的结论，正确的是．（只填序号）①函数有最小值为0；−时，y随x的增大而减小；②当x＞1−，0）且垂直于x轴的直线对称．③图象关于过点（125.（9分）如图，Rt △ABC 中，∠ABC =90°，点D ，E 分别是AC ，AB 的中点，CF //DB ，BF //DC .（1）求证：四边形DBFC 是菱形；（2）若AD =3，DE =1，求四边形DBFC 的面积.26.（10分）如图1，正方形ABCD ，点E 为对角线BD 上任意一点（不与B ，D 重合），连接AE ，过点E 作EF ⊥AE ，交线段BC 于点F ，以AE ，EF 为邻边作矩形AEFG ，连接BG ．（1）求证：AE=EF ；（2）猜想线段AB ，BE ，BF 之间的数量关系（用等式表示），并证明．（3）若正方形ABCD 的边长为2，设四边形AGBE 的周长为m ，直接写出m 的取值范围.附加题：（共2小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，共10分） 1. 已知m ，n 是两个连续的正偶数，m ＜n ，a =mn，q = （1）当m =4时，q = ；（2）当m 为任意正偶数时，q 的值是定值吗？如果是，求出这个定值，如果不是，请说明理由．G2. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，正方形ABCD 四个顶点的坐标分别是A (2−，2)，B (2−，2−)，C (2，2−)，D (2，2)，点M 为正方形ABCD 边上任意一点，点P 为线段OM 上一点（点P 不与点O 、M 重合），且OM nOP =. 若射线OM 上存在一点Q ，满足2OQ OP OM +=，则称线段PQ 是正方形ABCD 关于点M 的n 倍拓展线段．（1）如图2，当点M 的坐标为(2，1)时，在E 1(12，14)，E 2(32，34)，E 3(3，32) 中，是正方形ABCD 关于点M 的2倍拓展线段上的点；（2）若点H (m ，2m )是正方形ABCD 关于点M 的2倍拓展线段上的点，请直接写出m 的取值范围；（3）已知点F (0，12)，G (32，0)，若线段FG 上的所有点都是正方形关于点M 的n 倍拓展线段上的点，请直接写出n 的取值范围．图1 图2P M xOy 12345-1-2-3-4-512345-1-2-3-4-5ADC BM BC D A-5-4-3-2-154321-5-4-3-2-154321y OxxOy12345-1-2-3-4-512345-1-2-3-4-5AD CBxOy 12345-1-2-3-4-512345-1-2-3-4-5A DCB备用图1 备用图22023—2024学年度第二学期北京市育才学校八年级数学学科期中考试试卷参考答案及评分标准一．选择题：（每小题2分，共20分）.二．填空题：（每小题2分，共16分）三．解答题（共8小题，满分64分）19. （1；（2）22)+−+− ……3分 =342−+ ……3分 = ……4分 =1 ……4分20. 证明：∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，∴AD ∥BC ，AD =BC . ……2分 ∴AF ∥EC . ∵BE =DF ，∴AD −DF =BC −BE ，即AF =EC ， ……4分 ∴四边形AECF 是平行四边形. ……5分 ∴AE ∥CF . ……6分21.解：∵四边形ABCD 是矩形，∴AD =BC =5，CD =AB =3，∠A =∠D =90°. ……2分 ∵沿CE 折叠，∴CF =CB =5，BE =EF ， ……4分 ∴在Rt △CDF 中，2222534DF CF CD =−=−=， ……5分 ∴AF =AD −DF =5−4=1. ……6分设AE =x ，则BE =EF =3−x .在Rt △EAF 中，由222AE AF EF +=得：2221(3)x x +=− ， ……7分解得：43x =. 43AE 即的长为. ……8分 22.解：（1）l AB 如图所示 ……1分设l AB ：y kx b =+（k 、b 为常数，且0k ≠）由430k b k b −+=⎧⎨+=⎩， ……3分解得13k b =−⎧⎨=⎩．所以l AB ：3y x =−+； ……5分（2）45 ……6分（3）依题意：1=52BCP p S BC y ⋅= ，且BC =5，所以2P y =±.当2P y =时，由23x =−+得：1x =，所以(12)P ，；当2P y =−时，由23x −=−+得：5x =，所以(52)−，， ……8分综上所述，(12)P ，或(52)−，. EA B CDF -4-3-2-14321-4-3-2-14321y xO23.（1）如图所示：……3分（2）平行四边形； ……4分对角线互相平分的四边形是平行四边形； ……5分平行四边形的对边平行. ……6分 24. （1）全体实数； ……1分（2）m =1，n =3； ……3分（3）如图所示……5分（4）右，3；上，1 ……7分（5）①③ ……9分m25. （1）证明：∵CF//DB，BF// DC，∴四边形DBFC是平行四边形. ……2分∵Rt△ABC中，∠ABC=90°，点D是AC的中点，∴BD=CD=12AC. ……3分∴平行四边形DBFC是菱形. ……4分（2）解：∵D，E分别是AC，AB的中点，∴DE是△ABC的中位线.∵AD=3，DE=1，∴AC=2AD =6，BC=2DE =2，……6分∴AB===. ……7分∵四边形DBFC是菱形，∴S四边形DBFC =2S△DBC= S△ABC……8分=11222AB BC⋅=⨯=……9分26.（1）连接EC，∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴AB=BC，∠ABC=90°，……1分∴∠ABE=∠EBC =45°.∵BE=BE，∴△ABE≌△CBE（SAS），……2分∴AE=EC，∠BAE=∠BCE.G∵AE ⊥EF ，∠ABC =90°，∴∠BAE+∠BFE =180°. ……3分 ∵∠EFC+∠BFE =180°， ∴∠BAE =∠EFC ， ∴∠EFC =∠ECF ，∴EF =EC ， ……4分 ∴AE=EF .（2）+AB BF = ……5分过点E 作EH ⊥BC 于H ， ∵∠EBC =45°∴BE， ……6分 ∴FH = BH −BF=2BE BF − ∵EF =EC ，EH ⊥BC ， ∴FH =HC=12FC ， ……7分∴22FC FH BF ==−， ……8分∴+FC BF BF =−即AB BF =−∴+AB BF =（3）4m ≤<+ ……10分G附加题：1.（1）2 ……1分（2）是定值 ……2分证明：将n =m +2，a =mn 代入q =q == ……3分=2n m =−= ……4分2. （1）2E ，3E ； ……2分（2）1322m ≤≤或3122m −≤≤−； ……4分（3）163n ≥． ……6分。

北京市育才学校大兴分校个人报名表(刘霭明)

附件2：
个人基本信息表
个人报名表
选手姓名
刘蔼明
区名
北京市大兴区
学校
北京市育才学校大兴分校
性别
女
学历
本科
联系电话
出生日期
1986.03.08
教龄
8年
职称
小学二级
参赛组别
A
参赛学科
语文
课名
雪地里的小画家
指导教师古燕琴ຫໍສະໝຸດ 单位北京市育才学校大兴分校
联系电话
是否签署著作权和网络传播权同意书
是□否□
参赛选手简历及曾获奖励：
2007年---2012年就职于兴海学校班主任（语、数）
2012年---2016年就职于滨河小学班主任（语文）
2016年---至今就职于北京市育才学校大兴分校班主任（语文）
NOC教学实践一等奖
推荐单位意见：
推荐单位（章）：
年月日

2023-2024学年北京市育才学校高一上学期期中英语试题

2023-2024学年北京市育才学校高一上学期期中英语试题Fleanor Love knows that weddings create a lot of leftover flowers. That means more opportunities for her to collect after-wedding bouquets (花束) and give them to her lonely hospital _______, many of whom don’t often have visitors, let alone expensive _______.The flowers are still in good shape, and the patients are pleased to have them. “I was so _______ that I cried,” said patient Connie Melzer, who was recovering from a heart problem when Love walked into her room with a bouquet in early 2020.Love worked at the Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital as a(n) _______ student. She wondered how she could help _______ the patients’ suffering besides learning how to treat them as a student doctor.“One of the _______ of being a medical student is that it ca n be very difficult to _______ to the care team,” said Love. “You are there as a learner, who doesn’t have as much knowledge as doctors. But you want to _______ your patients. How can I at this stage in my training make a(n) _______ for them?”In 2019, she started The Simple Sunflower in Richmond, and so far has ________ more than 760 bouquets to patients. She brought fellow students and other people into her project, and now has more than 200 ________ on the email list.When Love began the project, she called businesses such as wedding venues (场馆) and florists and asked them what events were scheduled. She then reached out to brides and grooms to ask them if they had ________ for their flowers after the big day.For each wedding, she organized a team of eight people who helped ________ the flowers when the party was over and then spent time carrying them to individual patients.People beyond the VCU community have heard about Love’s project and become part of it. “Once the word got out, people around the cit y started ________ us,” Love said. She wanted to bring the project to more cities and maybe open branches at other medical schools.“I feel ________ when I see the patients who receive our bouquets,” she said. “It reminds me why we do what we do.”1.A．patients B．cleaners C．doctors D．nurses2.A．cards B．fruits C．flowers D．cakes3.A．tired B．moved C．worried D．bored4.A．art B．law C．engineering D．medical5.A．change B．accept C．improve D．reduce6.A．dreams B．skills C．challenges D．exams7.A．listen B．contribute C．respond D．adapt8.A．help B．check C．study D．guide9.A．difference B．choice C．impression D．decision10.A．divided B．thrown C．delivered D．applied11.A．customers B．volunteers C．managers D．teachers12.A．means B．goals C．efforts D．plans13.A．pick up B．hold up C．make up D．give up14.A．greeting B．contacting C．trusting D．considering15.A．stressed B．confident C．relaxed D．satisfied5 Best Things to Do in Myrtle Beach, SCFrom fishing to tours on gondolas, there is a huge variety of things to enjoy here. Explore the best of the best, whether you are staying in downtown Myrtle Beach or North Myrtle Beach, there are plenty of good things to discover during your vacation.Live Entertainment at the Carolina Opry: Head to Barefoot Landing to enjoy some amazing live music and fun at one of the best Myrtle Beach attractions! The Carolina Opry is one of the most popular entertainment places in the area. Once known as the Calvin Gilmore Theater, the Carolina Opry offers shows such as Time Warp, Thunder & Light, and its same-name Carolina Opry show.Family Kingdom Amusement Park: If you are a roller coaster addict, be sure to visit Family Kingdom Amusement Park. This thrilling adventure park has fun for all ages, offering a ton of thrill rides such as the Twist’ N Shout, Slingshot, and even water rides at its nearby water park. All of this fun takes place by the sea, so you get awesome views along with your adventures.Wonderworks: Head to Wonderworks for some of the best attractions! With these interactive exhibits, guests can exercise their minds. Explore the world through these unique exhibits and learn about natural disasters, space, light, and sound, and test your strength and your skills at the Physical Challenge Zone. The museum also features an indoor ropes course, 6D motion ride, and laser tag!Myrtle Waves Water Park: Enjoy a splash at this amazing amusement park! Visitors will find a large variety of water slides and water attractions, from a lazy river to thrill rides and tubing adventures. It is a good way for families of all ages to enjoy some water fun.Tanger Outlet: This outlet store is a popular place for those wanting to go shopping. You can choose either the Tanger Outlets South location or the Tanger Outlets North location. No matter which one you visit, you’ll find amazing deals from your favorite stores like Under Armour, Michael Kors, and the Disney Outlet.16. What can visitors do at the Carolina Opry?A．Enjoy live music. B．Have some water fun.C．See interactive exhibits. D．Do some shopping.17. In which place can visitors both exercise their minds and test their strength?A．Family Kingdom Amusement Park. B．Wonderworks.C．Myrtle Waves Water Park. D．Tanger Outlet.18. What is the main purpose of the passage?A．To recommend attractions. B．To advertise exhibitions.C．To describe adventures. D．To introduce shows.When the COVID-19 pandemic forced the town in Manton, Michigan to shut down, Scott Chittle decided that the community needed a safe place to come together, and something to bring some joy during the boring winter months. And what is a better outdoor activity to get people outside in the cold than ice skating?In order to make his dream a reality, Chittle searched the Internet for videos on how to build an ice rink (溜冰场). He ordered a large 3,000 square foot tarp (防水帆布) online and bought some wood to create the walls. It took 12 fire trucks from the local fire department to get enough water to fill the plot.It took a little time as Chittle went door to door to convince people to come and see his creation, and soon Chittle’s backyard ice rink became a Manton hotspot. Parents joined in to help Chittle buy second-hand skates and hockey sticks for the neighborhood children. Soon enough, the children were skating and shooting.“We kept seeing more things donated. It was fantastic because the whole community just came together. It was amazing how everybody worked together because of Scott.” says neighbor Audrey Hooker.Skaters were welcome to come at any time. And each Saturday from 4 p.m. until 8 p.m., dozens of children and their parents gathered at the ice rink for skate parties. The children who had been confined to their homes for almost a year laughed and shouted with joy while skating around the rink. Parents gathered around feeling relief that their children had found a purpose again. It became a weekly event that neighbors could look forward to and it offered a place for people to see each other in a socially distanced way.But the kindness didn’t stop with Chittle. When the community heard how much money he used to make this project happen, everyone helped. A fundraiser brought in about $1,300, and letters sent to Chittle’s home stuffed with cash brought in an additional $1,500, covering all of the costs wi th money to spare. Companies began sending supplies for next year’s ice rink including outdoor lights, a snow sweeping machine and shovels.“This has been a community thing,” explains Chittle. “It’s not just me. I want to show the rest of the world what a little effort, the best intentions, and community can do not only for others but for the souls of all.”19. Why did Chittle build a backyard ice rink?A．To organize skate parties. B．To show off his creativity.C．To get some money and outdoor supplies. D．To offer a safe social place and some fun.20. What did the parents do to help with the ice rink?A．Filled the ice rink with water. B．Raised money for Chittle.C．Bought skates and hockey sticks. D．Convinced people to come.21. What can we learn from the passage?A．The ice rink is only open to children on Saturday.B．The whole community contributed to the ice rink.C．Chittle made much money after building the ice rink.D．The parents felt relief because Chittle took care of their children.22. Which of the following words can best describe Scott Chittle?A．Honest and friendly. B．Careful and confident.C．Humorous and polite. D．Kind and devoted.How Your Weekly Shop Could Help Prevent a Mass ExtinctionAll around the world, the way in which we produce, buy and eat food has never been more similar. You may think you have more choices than your parents or grandparents ever did, and on one level that is true. Wherever you are, you can eat various foods all in a single day.What we’re being offered appears a t first to be diverse, until you realise it is the same kind of “diversity” that is spreading around the globe in the same way; what the world buys and eats is becoming more and more the same. Of the 6,000 plant species humans have eaten over time, we now mainly grow and eat just nine. What’s less well known is that for each of the crops, we’re eating from a smaller number of varieties. Thousands of different wheats exist, but less than 10 make it onto the “recommended list” issued to British farmers. It’s a similar story with the meat we eat.This relatively recent phenomenon (现象) of eating from such a narrow selection of plants and animals, and just a few varieties of these, has resulted in a serious loss of diversity in farmers’ fields and in our diets and a great loss of biodiversity.In the 20th century, efforts were made to produce more calories (卡路里) to feed growing populations, but in search of quantity, we gave up diversity. Crops and farm animals unique to their part of the world became endangered; some even went extinct (灭绝). When a food is lost, we risk not only losing a special flavour, but also a way of life and part of a culture. We also lose choices for the future.Faced with the growing impact of climate change and extreme weather events, we can add greater resilience (快速恢复能力) to our food system by saving diversity. But as the world farms and eats in increasingly similar ways, more foods are at risk of disappearing. We all have a part to play in preventing this from happening, wherever we are in the world, and it starts with what we put in our shopping baskets.Still unsure where to start? Focus on one of your favourite foods and start to explore it in all its diversity. Whether that’s chocolate, coffee, cheese or wine, find as much variation a s you can, set off on a flavour adventure and help save something from extinction.23. According to the passage, people may believe that ________.A．our choices of food are more than those of early generationsB．our ways of food production are never similar to one anotherC．what we plant stays the same around the worldD．what we eat is becoming increasingly popular24. How does the writer prove his idea in Paragraph 2?A．By using data. B．By describing a scene.C．By telling a story. D．By sharing experiences.25. According to the writer, what might be the cause of the loss of biodiversity?A．Climate. B．Business. C．Population. D．Technology.26. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A．Why to start. B．Where to shop. C．What to eat. D．How to help.If there is one place you don’t want to stick your finger, it’s the mouth of a Pacific lingcod. These fearsome fish have around 500 needlelike teeth sticking out of jaws (颌) that are strong enough to crush crustaceans (甲壳动物).How lingcod maintain the sharpness of their terrifying teeth has long been a puzzle. But a study, published in November in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, claims that Pacific lingcod keep their teeth sharp and shiny by replacing about three percent of them every day. For a ling cod, that’s up to 20 teeth replaced daily.In order to determine the frequency at which lingcod replace their teeth, Ms. Cohen, a coauthor of the new study, and her colleagues kept 20 lingcod at the University of Washington’s Friday Harbor Laboratories and tracked how many teeth they lost and regrew over several days. The fish were placed in a tank of seawater mixed with a red dye (染料) that colored their teeth, then returned to their regular tank for 10 days. When the 10 days were up, the fish were placed in a tank containing a green dye and then examined. The teeth that were present since the start of the experiment were both red and green, whereas the new teeth were only green.After collecting and examining a total of 10,000 teeth, the scientists were able to determine how quickly lingcod lost and regrew their teeth and which teeth were replaced most often.Lingcod, like most fish, have two sets of jaws: oral jaws and pharyngeal jaws. Their oral jaws are used to catch food while their pharyngeal jaws, which are positioned in their throats, are used to chew their food and move it from their mouths to the stomach. Ms. Carr, the lead author, and colleagues found that teeth are replaced more frequently in the back of the mouth, where most of the chewing and crushing take place.The way lingcod replace their teeth is likely crucial to their hunting strategy, says Kory Evans, a fish ecologist at Rice University in Houston. “The duller a lingcod’s teeth are, the harder it is going to be for it to hold on to its target. So having the ability to shed teeth and replace them is pretty important.” Dr. Evans said, “In order to make it as a lingcod, you need sharp pointy teeth and all your teeth need to be on point.”27. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A．What role seawater played. B．What conclusion was reached.C．How the study was conducted. D．How teeth changed their colors.28. According to the passage, lingcod’s teeth are replaced ___________.A．every 10 days B．to better hunt for foodC．faster in the oral jaw D．with bigger and sharper ones29. What does the underlined word “shed” in the last paragraph probably mean?A．Repair. B．Sharpen. C．Lose. D．Examine.30. What is the purpose of writing this passage?A．To warn people of the danger of a fish.B．To introduce the findings of a new study.C．To stress the importance of replacing teeth.D．To suggest new ways to conduct studies on fish.Nowadays, students seem to be increasingly glued to their phones. Reading books is a great way to help fight that addiction, but how can students get a good reading habit?31You want to start reading and aren’t quite sure where to go. 32 . It doesn’t matter what form of text it is, so long as it’s interesting. A good place to start is online articles. 33 . Once you’re comfortable with reading short pieces of text, move on to short novels or magazines. It’s recommended that you pick books with awards, because that’s probably a safe bet.Read step by step and consistently.Longer pieces of text and thick novels may seem intimidating(令人胆怯的), but an important thing to remember is that you don’t have to read the whole thing in one day. 34 . Read a little every day. It doesn’t matter if it’s 10minutes or 30, so long as you actually sit down and read. Something that can help with this is that you get yourself a small cozy reading corner, so you can get in the mood to read. Also, bring your book everywhere. I mean it. 35 .suffer from strike a balance be responsible for to some extent remove ... from… in other words to be frank due to apply for contribute to36. Confidence is regarded by some people as one of the key factors to success.___________, confidence is of great importance to us.37. He has decided to ___________a part-time job during the summer vacation.38. The drivers should have protected the safety of the travelers. They ___________the car accident at that time.39. Students have to learn to ___________between study and entertainment.40. I agree with what you say ___________.41. When the fruit is cooked, we should ___________it___________the heat.42. ___________, I think your son has little chance of passing the exam, because he is too lazy.43. ___________ill health, he could not attend the meeting.44. Most parts of African countries ___________drought (干旱) in recent years.45. The drugs also may ___________preventing severe disease and death.46. As a result, costs will be reduced __________as much as 90 %.(用适当的词填空)47. Don’t be __________(stress) out. You should listen to some music and relax. (所给词的适当形式填空)48. They are eager ________ (travel) abroad for further study. (所给词的适当形式填空）49. Mary, as well as her brothers, __________ (jog) in the early morning regularly. (所给词的适当形式填空)50. After hearing his __________(inspire) words, I intended to study abroad. (所给词的适当形式填空)51. The scenery here is so __________(attract) that we almost forget to return. (所给词的适当形式填空)52. Sophia intended to make a ________ (contribute) to charity all the time. (所给词的适当形式填空）53. It was typical of her __________(forget) some important things. (所给词的适当形式填空)54. With the __________(intend) of building up our body, our class is going to organize an activity. (所给词的适当形式填空)55. The electricity was cut __________by the huge storm. (用适当的词填空)56. I should adapt myself to __________(live) here. (所给词的适当形式填空)57. He is always the last one __________(leave) school. (所给词的适当形式填空)58. The boy has a strong desire __________(explore) the universe. (所给词的适当形式填空)59. __________(sleep) well, you should turn off the alarm. (所给词的适当形式填空)60. He hurried to the house only ________ (find) that it was empty. （所给词的适当形式填空）61. 假设你是我市新华中学的学生李华，班里从外地转来一名同学李勇，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，所以感到很苦恼。

名师讲解：北京部分重点中学解读（四）

■师⼤附中校长：刘沪北京师⼤附中⽬前有6位特级教师在教学⼀线。

半数以上教师具有⾼级职称，市区级学科带头⼈、⾻⼲教师82⼈，硕⼠研究⽣60⼈，28位教师从国外学习归来。

学校拥有先进电教设施的教室和国内的计算机房、语⾳室；拥有最新的理化⽣实验设备和⾳乐、美术、舞蹈、科技等专⽤教室。

师⼤附中注重素质教育和学⽣能⼒的培养，英语能⼒尤为突出，在⾼考中占有明显优势。

历年⾼考上线率100%重点⼤学上线率90%以上。

学校址：■北京回民学校校长：王静回民学校是具有80年历史的民族学校，现有初、⾼中57个教学班，2500余名学⽣，其中包括住宿学⽣970名。

现有教职⼯259⼈，其中专职教师172⼈。

区级⾻⼲教师、学科带头⼈28⼈，⾼级教师占教师总数的45%，12个少数民族的师⽣占师⽣总数的40%以上。

近年来，学校中考优秀率和⾼考上线率连年攀升，100%的毕业⽣都能进⼊⾼⼀级优质学校学习。

学校校园活动丰富，包括三⼗公⾥的远⾜、军事夏令营、到⽣存岛或其他条件艰苦的野外⽣存训练、青年志愿者在⾏动活动、泰⼭和曲⾩社会实践、在西柏坡、抗⽇战争纪念馆等⾰命胜地举⾏成⼈仪式等活动，⽼师和学⽣共同创办的多个学⽣社团：马克思主义哲学学习⼩组、学⽣⼴播电台、“阳光电视台”、“回声”报、⽂学社、读书会、络协会、风筝会、航模组、绘画组、棋类组、⾜球队、舞蹈队、合唱团等，同学们通过这些平台尽情展⽰⾃⼰、表现⾃⼰，发展特长，培养个性，全⾯发展。

附：2006年⾼⼀年级招⽣总数为330⼈，其中择校⽣44⼈，少数民族提前招⽣80⼈。

学校址：■北京⼗四中校长：荣培云⼗四中是⼀所百年⽼校，地处宣武区长椿街，位于⼴安门外（原⾸钢七号地）的新址⼀期⼯程占地四公顷，总建筑⾯积四万平⽅⽶，预计2007年竣⼯。

学校是北京市奥林匹克化学传统校、北京市⽣物奥林匹克校、北京市体育传统项⽬（⽥径）校。

学校⾼考升学率近⼏年始终达100%，考⼊重点⼤学率达60%以上。

北京市育才学校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试数学试卷

北京市育才学校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试数学试卷一、单选题1．已知集合2{|320},{|1}A x x x B x x =-+<=≥,则A B = A ．(,2]-∞B ．(1,)+∞C ．(1,2)D ．[1,)+∞2．下列函数中，在定义域上既是奇函数又是增函数的是（）A ．12y x =B ．3y x =C ．e x y =D ．lg y x=3．若0,0a b >>，且220a b +-=，则ab 的最大值为A ．1 2B ．1C ．2D ．44．函数()2sin y x ωϕ=+在一个周期内的图象如图所示，则此函数的解析式是（）A ．3π2sin 8y x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭B ．π2sin 24y x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭C ．7π2sin 216x y ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭D ．π2sin 24y x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭5．在ABC V 中，“π4A >”是“sin 2A >”的（）A ．充要条件B ．充分不必要条件C ．必要不充分条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件6．已知函数()log a f x x =，()x g x b =，的图像都经过点1(,2)4，则ab 的值为A ．1B ．2C ．4D ．87．已知函数()f x 的部分对应值如表所示.数列{}n a 满足11a =，且对任意*n ∈N ，点()1,n n a a +都在函数()f x 的图象上，则2024a 的值为（）.x1234()f x 3124A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．48．已知向量()sin ,cos a θθ= ，()3,4b = ，若//a b ，则tan 2θ等于（）A ．247B ．67C ．2425-D ．247-9．在直角梯形ABCD 中，已知//BC AD ，AB AD ⊥，4AB =，2BC =，4=AD ，若P 为CD的中点，则P ⋅P 的值为（）A ．5-B ．4-C ．4D ．510．已知集合{(,)()}M x y y f x ==∣，若对于任意()11,x y M ∈，存在()22,x y M ∈，使得12120x x y y +=成立，则称集合M 是“好集合”.给出下列4个集合：①1(,) M x y y x ⎧⎫==⎨⎬⎩⎭②{}(,)e 2x M x y y ==-∣③{(,)cos }M x y y x ==∣④{(,)ln }M x y y x ==∣其中所有“好集合”的序号是（）A ．②③B ．①②④C ．③④D ．①③④二、填空题11．41(2)x x+的展开式中的常数项为．12．若向量,a b 满足||1,||2a b == ，且,a b 的夹角为π3，则a b ⋅=，||a b +=.13．已知0a ≥，函数()2,xx af x x a⎧≤⎪=>若0a =，则()f x 的值域为；若方程()20f x -=恰有一个实根，则a 的取值范围是.14．已知数列{}n a 满足1n n a a +>，且其前n 项和n S 满足1n n S S +<，请写出一个符合上述条件的数列的通项公式n a =.15．已知函数2cos ()1xf x x π=+，给出下列四个结论：①()f x 是偶函数；②()f x 有无数个零点；③()f x 的最小值为12-；④()f x 的最大值为1.其中，所有正确结论的序号为.三、解答题16．已知等差数列{}n a 满足1241,10a a a =+=.(1)求{}n a 的通项公式;(2)若等比数列{}1122,0,0n b b a b a -=+=，求{}n b 的通项公式;17．已知函数32()1f x x ax bx =++-在1x =处有极值-1.(1)求实数a ，b 的值;(2)求函数()ln 2g x ax x =+的单调区间.18．在ABC V 中，sin cos 6b A a B π⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭.(1)求B ；(2)若5c =，___________.求a .从①7b =，②4C π=这两个条件中任选一个，补充在上面问题中并作答.注：如果选择多个条件分别解答，按第一个解答计分.19．为了增强学生的冬奥会知识，弘扬奥林匹克精神，北京市多所中小学校开展了模拟冬奥会各项比赛的活动.为了了解学生在越野滑轮和旱地冰壶两项中的参与情况，在北京市中小学学校中随机抽取了10所学校，10所学校的参与人数如下：（Ⅰ）现从这10所学校中随机选取2所学校进行调查.求选出的2所学校参与越野滑轮人数都超过40人的概率；（Ⅱ）现有一名旱地冰壶教练在这10所学校中随机选取2所学校进行指导，记X 为教练选中参加旱地冰壶人数在30人以上的学校个数，求X 的分布列和数学期望；（Ⅲ）某校聘请了一名越野滑轮教练，对高山滑降、转弯、八字登坡滑行这3个动作进行技术指导.规定：这3个动作中至少有2个动作达到“优”，总考核记为“优”.在指导前，该校甲同学3个动作中每个动作达到“优”的概率为0.1.在指导后的考核中，甲同学总考核成绩为“优”.能否认为甲同学在指导后总考核达到“优”的概率发生了变化？请说明理由.20．已知函数e ()xf x x=.(1)求函数()y f x =的图象在点(1,(1))P f 处的切线l 的方程；(2)当0x >时，求证：()f x x >；(3)讨论函数()y f x bx =-（b ∈R 且为常数）零点的个数.21．在一个有穷数列的每相邻两项之间插入这两项的和，形成新的数列，我们把这样的操作称为该数列的一次“Z 拓展”.如数列1，2第1次“Z 拓展”后得到数列1，3，2，第2次“Z 拓展”后得到数列1，4，3，5，2.设数列a ，b ，c 经过第n 次“Z 拓展”后所得数列的项数记为Pn ，所有项的和记为Sn .（1）求P 1，P 2；（2）若Pn ≥2020，求n 的最小值；（3）是否存在实数a ，b ，c ，使得数列{Sn }为等比数列？若存在，求a ，b ，c 满足的条件；若不存在，说明理由.。

北京育才学校观后感二百字

北京育才学校观后感二百字
案例一
育才学校是一所具有优良传统的重点学校，学校19xx年创办于延安，第一任校长是中国著名的教育家徐XX。

地址位于明清两代皇家园林—先农坛内，校园内古建筑群金碧辉煌，苍松翠柏高大挺拔，环境十分幽雅，有古典画家气派与福祉文脉，在大都市中实为办学读书的好地方。

进入校门，便能感受到一种浓厚的中国传统文化氛围和红色革命精神的底蕴。

在参观育才学校体操表演中，我们看到了育才学校的学生那整齐划一，行云流水体操动作，看到了那种不怕困难、吃苦耐劳的革命精神在育才学子身上的在体现，看到了校园文化和学校管理以融入了革命传统思想和精神。

案例二
育才学校独具特色的办学条件及培养学生的高质量，为进入学校读书的学生提供了优质的教育服务。

昔日的马背摇篮，今天已成为培养优秀人才的办学基地。

育才教育有许多值得我们学习借鉴，也祝愿北京教育早日跃入世界先进行列。

在参观学校校史展览馆时，看到了育才学校厚重的革命传统文化，看到红色革命精神在体现，对继承和发扬优良的革命传统文化起到了承上起下的作用。

学校注重对孩子多元智能的培养，以德育培训为重，培养学生律己守规，尽责有礼，成为良好公民，注重传统德育培养，人文科学辅导孩子成长，使学生身心得到全面健康成长。

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6.( )鲁师干小班转入延安干部子弟学校,支部书记是储友仁,校务主任吴燕生主持学校工作. A.1937年一月 B.1937年二月 C.1938年一月 D.1938年二月
7.( )中国战时儿童保育会在汉口正式成立. A.1938年2月10日 B.1938年3月10日 C.1938年4月10日 D.1938年5月10日
8.( )陕西宁边区战时儿童保育院地一院成立. A.1938年9月3日 B.1938年9月4日 C.1938年9月5日 D.1938年9月6日
9.( )遵照边区政府的指示，边中疏散到安塞县吊儿沟一带。 A.1938年10月 B.1938年11月 C.1938年12月 D.1939年1月
10.( ),中央组织部正式决定:保育院小学部搬到安塞白家平单独建校，改为陕甘宁边区战时儿童保育小学部，建成保小. A.1937年1月 B.1937年2月 C.1937年3月 D.1937年4月
11.( )以后学校吃的菜大多能自给自足. A.1939年 B.1940年 C.1941年 D.1942年
13.( )保小法身了一场传染病_____ 麻疹兼猩红热. A.1943年冬天 B.1943年秋天 C.1943年夏天 D.1943年春天
14.( )国民党50万大军在来安到南通八百里战线上向苏皖解放军区大举进攻,全国内战爆发了. A.1946年6月13日 B.1946年7月12日 C.1946年8月13日 D.1946年9月12日
4.子弟小学班，这就是育才学校的前身.为解除奔赴前线将士们的后顾之忧，培养民族未来的主人，( )，由无产阶级教育家徐特立先生提议，经中央苏维埃政府批准，在延安鲁迅师范学校附设了中华民族史上的第一个干部 A.1937年二月 B.1937年三月 C.1938年二月 D.1938年三月
5.( )鲁师干小班正式开学.这是我党创办的供给制,寄宿制,养教并重的普教开端. A.1937年3月19日 B.1937年3月20日 C.1937年3月21日 D.1937年3月22日
北京育才学校
诞生于民族危机之秋壮大于人民胜利之时 1937---1949
罗竹ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้小组
必答题
1.（）创建于延安. A.1937 B.1938 C.1939 D.1940 2.第一任校长为中国著名教育家（）. A.邓小平 B.周恩来 C.徐特立 D. 毛泽东 3.（）迁入北京 . A.1947 B.1948 C.1949 D.1950
20.当时的课程有: ( ),( ),( ),( ),( ( ),( ),( )和( ).
),(
),(
),
国语,算数,政治,历史,地理,自然常识,劳动,音乐,美术和体育.
15.( ),延安保小全体师生安全抵达河北省武安县猛虎村. A.1947年8月4日 B.1947年9月4日 C.1947年10月4日 D.1947年11月4日
16.( )华北育才小学在河北省井陉县孙庄正式成立. A.1948年7月1日 B.1948年7月2日 C.1948年7月3日 D.1948年7月4日
17.（）平津战役结束，北平和平解放. A.1949年1月 B.1949年2月 C.1949年3月 D.1949年4月
18.定址于城南明清两代皇家园林— （）. 19.北京市育（）,（）, （）同志三代领导人都曾为我校留下了宝贵的题词，明确地指引了我们在不同历史时期的办学方向，赋予了我们崇高而神圣的教育使命