information management englishunit2 v2
新时代明德大学英语综合教程2答案unit2
新时代明德大学英语综合教程2答案unit21、—Can you play tennis?—______. But I can play basketball.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I canB. Yes, I doC. No. I can’t(正确答案)D. No, I don’t2、I am worried about my brother. I am not sure _____ he has arrived at the school or not. [单选题] *A. whether(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. how3、86．—? ? ? ? ? ? ?will it take me to get to the Golden Street?—About half an hour. [单选题]* A．How farB．How long(正确答案)C．How oftenD．How much4、26．There’s some fruit in the kitchen. We ________ buy any. [单选题] *A．need toB．needn’t toC．don’t needD．don’t need to(正确答案)5、95．-Dad, can we walk? ? ? ? ? ? ?the road now?-No,we? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . We have to wait until the light turns green. [单选题] *A．across, needn’tB．across, mustn’t(正确答案)C．though, can’tD．through, mustn't6、You can _______ Bus 116 to get there. [单选题] *A. byB. take(正确答案)C. onD. in7、—Why do you look so ______?—Our team won the basketball match!（）[单选题] *A. angryB. excited(正确答案)C. nervousD. unfair8、I _______ the job because I couldn’t stand(忍受) the rules. [单选题] *A. gave inB. gave outC. gave backD. gave up(正确答案)9、I knocked on the door but _______ answered. [单选题] *A. somebodyB. anybodyC. nobody(正确答案)D. everybody10、The huntsman caught only a（）of the deer before it ran into the woods. [单选题] *A. gazeB. glareC. glimpse(正确答案)D. stare11、I’m so tired after _______ walk. [单选题] *A. three hour’sB. three hours’(正确答案)C. three hoursD. three hour12、--Jimmy, you are supposed to?_______ your toys now.--Yes, mom. [单选题] *A. put upB. put onC. put away(正确答案)D. put down13、Where have you _______ these days? [单选题] *A. been(正确答案)B. beC. isD. are14、What surprised me ______ was that he succeeded. [单选题] *A. most(正确答案)B. mostlyC. almostD. at most15、( ) It ___ the Chinese people 8 years to build the Dam. [单选题] *A. took(正确答案)B. costsC. paidD. spends16、As for the quality of this model of color TV sets, the ones made in Chine are by no means _____ those imported. [单选题] *A inferior thanB less inferior toC less inferior thanD. inferior to(正确答案)17、Becky is having a great time ______ her aunt in Shanghai. （）[单选题] *A. to visitB. visitedC. visitsD. visiting(正确答案)18、14．Builders have pulled down many old houses, and they will build a lot of new ________. [单选题] *A．ones (正确答案)B．oneC．the onesD．the one19、Betty works as a waitress to earn money for her education. [单选题] *A. 服务员(正确答案)B. 打字员C. 秘书D. 演员20、—What ______ your sister ______ this Saturday?—Something special, because it’s her birthday. （）[单选题] *A. are; going to doB. is; going to do(正确答案)C. does; doD. did do21、Be careful with the knife. You may hurt _______. [单选题] *A. himselfB. ourselvesC. myselfD. yourself(正确答案)22、Amy and her best friend often ______ books together.（）[单选题] *A. read(正确答案)B. readsC. is readingD. to read23、I paint a lot of pictures. [单选题] *A. 评论B. 注意C. 悬挂D. 画(正确答案)24、There are many_____desks in the room. [单选题] *rge old brown(正确答案)B.old large brownrge brown oldD.brown old large25、--Whose _______ are these?? ? ? --I think they are John·s. [单选题] *A. keyB. keyesC. keys(正确答案)D. keies26、Bill Gates is often thought to be the richest man in the world. _____, his personal life seems not luxury. [单选题] *A. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. However(正确答案)D. Besides27、Mary _____ be in Paris. I saw her just now on campus. [单选题] *B. can't(正确答案)C. need notD. may not28、He always ______ the teacher carefully in class. [单选题] *A. listensB. listens to(正确答案)C. hearsD. hears of29、—Judging from ____ number of bikes, there are not many people in the party.—I think so. People would rather stay at home in such _____ weather. [单选题] *A. the, aB. a, /C. the, /(正确答案)D. a, a30、The people’s Republic of China _______ on October 1, 1 [单选题] *A. foundB. was founded(正确答案)D. was found。
信息管理专业英语第二版参考答案
Unit 1【Ex1.】根据课文内容，回答以下问题。
1．In human terms and in the broadest sense, information is anything that you are capable of perceiving. 2．It includes written communications, spoken communications, photographs, art, music, and nearly anything that is perceptible.3．If we consider information in the sense of all stimuli as information, then we can’t really find organization in all cases.4．No.5．Traditionally, in libraries, information was contained in books, periodicals, newspapers, and other types of recorded media. People access it through a library’s catalog and with the assistance of indexes, in the case of periodical and newspaper articles.6．Computerized “information systems”.7．The problem for most researchers is that they have yet to discover the organizing principles that are designed to help them find the information they need.8．For library materials, the organizing principle is a detailed subject classification system available for searching in an online “catalog”.9．The one thing common to all of these access systems is organization.10．No, it isn’t.【Ex2.】根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词类写出相应的英语单词。
商英Unit 2 Management答案
Unit 2 ManagementManagement is important. The success or failure of business organizations, government institutions and public sector services, voluntary and non-profit organizations, sports teams, and so on, often depends on the quality of their management. This unit includes a discussion of the qualities required by managers, a definition of management, consideration of the role of the meetings in management, a critical view of the management of one large American multinational company, and an interview with the manager of a British department store, who discusses his job.Before the discussion on the qualities required by managers and the definition of management, maybe we can discuss the cartoon. What’s the joke? We can assume that Mr. Farvis runs this company (his name is on the door). What can we say about his managerial skills, or his apparent lack of them?Discuss in pairs for two minutes what exactly managers do, concerning organizing, setting objectives, allocating tasks and resources, communicating, motivating, and so on.1a DiscussionWhat is management? Is it an art or a science? An instinct or a set of skills and techniques that can be taught?Management is a mixture of innate qualities and learnable skills and techniques.What do you think makes a good manager? Which four of the following qualities do you think are the most important?Being decisive: able to make quick decisionsBeing efficient: doing things quickly, not leaving tasks unfinished, having a tidy desk, and so on Being friendly and sociableBeing able to communicate with people -----Being logical, rational and analyticalBeing able to motivate and inspire and lead people -----Being authoritative: able to give ordersBeing competent: knowing one’s job perfectly, as well as the work of one’s subordinates ----- Being persuasive: able to convince people to do thingsHaving good ideas -----Are there any qualities that you think should be added to this list?Which of these qualities can be acquired? Which must you be born with?There are clearly no definitive answers as to which of these skills can be acquired.1b ReadingPeter Drucker, the (Austrian-born) American management professor and consultant, is the author of many books about business. This text summarizes some of Peter Drucker’s views on management. It paraphrases the extended definition of management he gives in one of his management textbooks. As you read about his description of the work of a manager, decide whether the five different functions he mentions require the four qualities you selected in your discussion, or others you did not choose.What is management?Drucker’s first point (setting objectives and developing strategies) presumably requires qualities J, H, E and A (not necessarily in that order). The second point (organizing) presumably also requires H, E and J. The third point (motivation and communication) embraces F, D, I and probably C. The fourth point (measuring performance) probably requires H and E. The fifth point (developing people) might require H, F, D and J. But all this is clearly open to discussion.1c VocabularyComplete the following sentences with these words.Achieved; board of directors; communicate; innovations; manageable; performance; resources; setting; supervise1.managers have to decide how best to allocate the human, physical and capital resources available to them.2.Managers -- logically –have to make sure that the jobs and tasks given to their subordinates are manageable.3.There is no point in setting objectives if you don’t communicate them to your staff.4.Managers have to supervise their subordinates, and to measure, and try to improve, their performance.5.Managers have to check whether objectives and targets are being achieved.6.A top manager whose performance is unsatisfactory can be dismissed by the company’s board of directors.7.Top managers are responsible for the innovations that will allow a company to adapt to a changing world.1d VocabularyThe text contains a number of common verb-noun partnerships (e.g. achieve objectives, deal with crises, and so on).Match up these verbs and nouns to make common collocations.Allocate resources (or people)Communicate information (or decisions)Develop strategies (or people or subordinates)Make decisionsMeasure performanceMotivate peoplePerform jobsSet objectivesSupervise subordinates2 Meetings‘One can either work or meet. One cannot do both at the same time.’(Peter Drucker: An Introductory View of Management)What do you think Peter Drucker means by this comment?Drucker obviously believes that work is largely something that is done individually, and that meetings are not ‘work’, but merely preparation for it, or consolidation after it.2a Reading p18Read the computer journalist Robert X. Cringely’s description of the management style at IBM.Is he positive or negative about IBM’s working culture?Robert Cringely’s history of the personal computer industry is very informative, in places very critical, and also very funny. In this extract, he is extremely negative about IBM, saying that they put much too much effort into management and worrying about the possibility of making bad decisions, and not enough into producing good, competitively-priced products.2b ComprehensionExplain in your own words exactly what Robert Cringely means in the following sentences.1.Every IBM employee’s ambition is apparently to become a manager.It seems as if the people who work for IBM are more interested in being regarded as a manager than as a computer designer or technician2.IBM makes management the company’s single biggest business.IBM’s corporate culture seems to place more emphasis on management than on developing and selling the company’s products.3.IBM executives manage the design and writing of software.IBM’s managers don’t actually do the work of designing and writing software themselves, butorganize and supervise the people who do it.4.IBM products aren’t often very competitive.IBM products are rarely as good or as dheap as similar products made by their competitors5.The safety net at IBM is so big it is hard to make a bad decision.There is an extensive hierarchy and a system of checks and controls which ensures that bad decisions are generally avoided (but good decisions also take a very long time to make).6.This will be the source of the company’s ultimate downfall.The slowness of IBM’s decision-making process (and the consequent lack of competitiveness of their products) will eventually destroy the company.2c Vocabulary p18Find word in the text that mean the same as the words or expressions below.1.seemingly apparentlyputer programs software3.work, time and energy effortputers (and other machines) hardware5.young workers still learning their jobs trainees6.knowledge and skill expertise7.levels or strata layers8.to make certain that something is true verify9.corrected or slightly changed amended10.collapse or failure downfall3 The retail sectorYou will hear part of an interview with Steve Moody, the manager of the Marks & Spencer store in Cambridge, England.What do you know about Marks & Spencer?M&S, as many people call them in Britain sell clothes, household goods and food. They have branches all over Britain, and are expanding into continental Europe.3a Listeninglisten to part One, in which Steve Moody describes the role and responsibilities of a store manager.Tapesript Part OneSTEVE MOODY so, as the store manager in Cambridge, which is probably the fortieth largest of the 280 stores we have got, I am responsible for the day-to-day running of the store. All the product is delivered to me in predescribed quantities, and obviously I’m responsible for displaying that merchandise to its best advantage, obviously I’m responsible for employing the staff to actually sell that merchandise, and organizing the day-to-day logistics of the operation. Much more running stores is about the day-to-day operation. And ensuring that that’s safe, and obviously because of the two hundred people that we would normally have working here it’s ensuring that they are well trained, that they are well motivated, and that the environment they work in is a pleasant one, that they are treated with respect, and that they are committed to the company’s principles.Which of the following tasks is he responsible for?1.designing the store and its layout2.displaying the merchandise3.employing the sales staff4.ensuring the safety of staff and customers5.establishing the company’s principles6.getting commitment from the staff7.increasing profits8.maintaining a pleasant working environment9.motivating staffanizing the day-to-day logistics11.pricing the merchandise12.running 40 out of 280 stores13.selecting the merchandise14.supervising the day-to-day running of the store15.training staff3b ListeningListen to Part Two, and answer these questions.Tapescript Part TwoINTERVIEWER How much freedom do those people have within their jobs to make decisions themselves? How much delegation is there of responsibility down the chain?STEVE MOODY We would , as a business, like to encourage as much accountability and delegation as possible. Of course that does depend on the abilities of the individuals, the environment in which you’re working, and the time of year. With 282 stores we have a corporate appearance in the United Kingdom’s high streets. It is quite important that when customers come into Marks & Spencer’s Cambridge they get the same appearance and type of looking store and the same level of service that they would expect if they went into Marks & Spencer’s Edinburgh in Scotland, for example, and it’s very important that we have a corporate statement that customers understand. So, there are obviously parameters and disciplines that, you know, not only the staff but supervision and management would follow. Within that, in terms of development and training, training is obviously an investment for all staff. If staff are trained to do their job well and they understand it, they will feel confident in what they’re doing, that in turn will give a better service to the customers, obviously from Marks & Spencer’s point of view it could well lead to increased sales.1.Why are Marks & Spencer’s store managers limited in giving accountability to their staff and delegating responsibilities?Although marks & Spencer ‘would like to encourage as much accountability and delegation as possible’, they have a corporate appearance for all their stores, in all of which customers should get the same level of service. This limits the freedom of individual mangers to change the stores: there are ‘parameters and disciplines that not only the staff but supervision and management would follow’.2.What do they concentrate on instead?Instead, they concentrate on staff development and training.3c listeninglisten to Part Three, and answer the following questions.Tapescript Part ThreeINTERVIEWER Do you have meetings for members of staff where they can express views about what’s going on in the store?STEVE MOODY We have a series of meetings, management and supervisory every week we have something which Marks & Spencer’s call a focus group, which is members of staff who get together regularly from all areas of the store, so from the food section and perhaps the menswear section, from the office who do the stock and accounting, and indeed the warehouse where people receive goods. They have meetings, they discuss issues, they discuss problems that they feel are going on in the store. They also discuss suggestions of how they can improve that we run the store, and they discuss that amongst themselves first. They will then have a meeting with members of management and obviously myself, and we will discuss those issues and work together to try and provide solutions. However, Marks & Spencer’s philosophy, I suppose, is that meetings should not be substitute for day-to-day communication and therefore if problems do arise in terms of the operation, or an individual has got a problem in their working environment, or indde their immediate line manager, or indeed if they have a problem outside, which might be domestic, or with their family, we would like to discuss that as it arises and would like to encourage a policy that they will come and talk to their supervisor or their manager, to see what we can do to solve the problem.Steve Moody mentions two kinds of regular meetings. The first is weekly meetings for management and supervisory staff.1.What is the second kind of meeting called?A focus group.2.Who attends them?Members of staff from all areas of the store (e.g. the food section, the menswear section, the stock and accounting office, the warehouse, and so).3.What are they designed to achieve?Staff can discuss problems in the store, and make suggestions for improvements. After this, they will meet with members of management to discuss those issues and try to provide solutions.4.What kind of problems cannot be dealt with by meetings?Individuals’problems with their work or their line manager, or even family problems5.How are such problems dealt with?Individuals are encouraged to discuss such problems with their supervisor or manager.3d DiscussionAfter reading and hearing about management, do you think you have the right skills to be a manager? Would you be able, for example, to set objectives, motivate and coordinate the staff, and manage a department store, or a computer manufacturer?Some learners may decide that they have the necessary abilities to become a manager or even a top manager; others may envisage more specialized careers in a particular function such as marketing, finance, computing, accounting, and so on, which will not involve managing and coordinating a large number of people and operations.New words in this unit 02Allocate, banker, board of directors, chairman, competitive, customer, director, distributor, function, hardware, innovation, investor, logistics, manageable, management, manager, measure, meeting, merchandise, motivate, objective, organization, pay, performance, promotion, resources, software, staff, strategy, subordinate, supervise, supplier, tactics, team, top manager, trainee.。
管理信息系统英文教材
管理信息系统英文教材Management Information Systems (MIS) TextbookIntroduction:In the fast-paced and dynamic business world, the effective management of information has become paramount for organizations to gain a competitive edge. Management Information Systems (MIS) play a crucial role in this process by facilitating the collection, processing, and dissemination of data to support managerial decision-making. This article aims to present an overview of the key components and topics that should be covered in an English textbook for studying Management Information Systems.Chapter 1: Introduction to Management Information Systems- Definition and importance of Management Information Systems- Historical development and evolution of MIS- Role of MIS in supporting organizational objectives and strategies- Ethical considerations in MISChapter 2: Information Systems and Business Processes- Understanding the concept of business processes- Relationship between information systems and business processes- Role of information systems in streamlining and improving business processes- Case studies illustrating the impact of information systems on business efficiencyChapter 3: Data and Information Management- Difference between data and information- Data storage and retrieval systems- Database management systems and their importance in MIS- Data governance and data quality managementChapter 4: Information Systems Infrastructure- Components and architecture of an information systems infrastructure- Hardware, software, and network resources used in MIS- Cloud computing and its role in information systems infrastructure- Security considerations in managing an information systems infrastructureChapter 5: Business Intelligence and Analytics- Concept and benefits of business intelligence (BI)- Techniques and tools used in BI and data analytics- Application of BI in decision-making processes- Predictive analytics and its role in strategic planningChapter 6: Enterprise Systems- Overview of enterprise systems (ERP, CRM, SCM)- Integration of enterprise systems and their benefits- Case studies showcasing the successful implementation of enterprise systems- Challenges and risks associated with implementing enterprise systemsChapter 7: E-commerce and E-business- Introduction to e-commerce and e-business models- Role of information systems in supporting online transactions- Security and privacy concerns in e-commerce- Mobile commerce and its impact on business operationsChapter 8: Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues in MIS- Ethical considerations in the use of information systems- Legal frameworks and regulations governing MIS usage- Privacy and security issues in managing information systems- Social implications of MIS and its impact on societyConclusion:A comprehensive and well-structured English textbook on Management Information Systems is vital for students to grasp the fundamental concepts and principles underlying the effective management of information in organizations. By covering topics such as MIS introduction, information systems and business processes, data management, information systems infrastructure, business intelligence and analytics, enterprise systems, e-commerce and e-business, and social, ethical, and legal issues, this textbook equips students with the necessary knowledge and skills to excel in the field of MIS.。
信管大学英语课件Unit2_Words and Expression
Unit 2Text AII. Words & Expressionsbe lost in / lose oneself in:be absorbed in; be fully occupied with- He was lost in playing computer games so he was unaware of my entering the room.- I had lost myself in thought.- 他忙于这项工作而对周围的一切都很漠然。
(He was lost to the world in this task.)available: adj.1. able to be got, obtained, used, etc.- If you don’t want to buy a kite, you can make your own using directions available in the book. - We have already used up all the available space.- 对不起,这种外套没有你要的颜色和尺码。
(I’m sorry. Those overcoats are not available in your color and size. )2. able to be visited or seen; not too busy- 律师现在没空。
(The lawyer is not available now.)or something: used when you are not very sure about what you have just said- The air fare was a hundred and ninety-nine pounds or something.- Here’s some money. Get yourself a sandwich or something.NB:同义的短语：or something like thatgo ahead:continue; begin (sometimes followed by with + n.)- The board of directors will vote today on whether to go ahead with the plan.- Henry will be late but we will go ahead with the meeting anyway.estimate:1. vt. form a judgment about (a quantity or value)- Bill’s personal riches were estimated at $368 million.- I estimate that the total cost for the treatment of the disease will go from $5,000 to $8,000.- 我估计她有35岁。
管理学专业英语教程第二版unit2答案
管理学专业英语教程第二版unit2答案1、You needn’t _______ me. I’m old enough to take care of myself. [单选题] *A. worry about(正确答案)B. write downC. put awayD. wake up2、The Spring Festival is on the way.Many shops have _______ huge posters with the word sales. [单选题] *A. put up(正确答案)B. put onC. put outD. put off3、I passed the test, I _____ it without your help. [单选题] *A.would not passB. wouldn't have passed(正确答案)C. didn't passD.had not passed4、Many volunteers _______ food and water to the local people in Japan after tsunami(海啸）. [单选题] *A. gave out(正确答案)B. cut outC. put outD. found out5、There are many_____desks in the room. [单选题] *rge old brown(正确答案)B.old large brownrge brown oldD.brown old large6、The children ______ visiting the museum. [单选题] *A. look overB. look forward to(正确答案)C. look forD. look after7、John suggest _____ anything about it until they found out more facts. [单选题] *A not to sayB. not sayC to say notD not saying(正确答案)8、She’s _______ with her present _______ job. [单选题] *A. boring; boringB. bored; boredC. boring; boredD. bored; boring(正确答案)9、Why don’t you _______ the bad habit of smoking. [单选题] *A. apply forB. get rid of(正确答案)C. work asD. graduate from10、The scenery is so beautiful. Let’s _______. [单选题] *A. take photos(正确答案)B. take mapsC. take busD. take exams11、I used to take ____ long way to take the bus that went by ____ tunnel under the water. [单选题] *A. a, aB. a. theC. a, /(正确答案)D. the, a12、--How is your friend coming?--I’m not sure. He _______ drive here. [单选题] *A. may(正确答案)B. canC. mustD. will13、I always get ______ grades than he does, so maybe I should help him more.（）[单选题] *A. bestB. better(正确答案)C. goodD. well14、Sitting at the back of the room（）a very shy girl with two bright eyes. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. hasD. there was15、Alice is fond of playing ____ piano while Henry is interested in listening to ___ music. [单选题] *A. the, /(正确答案)B. the, theC. the, aD. /, the16、（）, it would be much more sensible to do it later instead of finishing it now. [单选题] *A. FinallyB. MildlyC. Actually(正确答案)D. Successfully17、Sometimes Americans are said to be _____. [单选题] *A superficially friendB superficial friendC. superficial friendlyD. superficially friendly(正确答案)18、These two films are very interesting. I like them _____. [单选题] *A. eitherB. neitherC. allD. both(正确答案)19、35．___________ good music the teacher is playing! [单选题] *A．What(正确答案)B．HowC．What aD．What the20、Customers see location as the first factor when_____a decision about buying a house. [单选题] *A.makeB.to makeC.making(正确答案)D.made21、—Why do you look so ______?—Our team won the basketball match!（）[单选题] *A. angryB. excited(正确答案)C. nervousD. unfair22、( ) The Great Wall was listed by the UNESCO as ___ World Heritage Site. [单选题]*A. a(正确答案)B. theC.\D.an23、Since we have _____ money left,we can't afford the expensive computer. [单选题] *A. a littleB. a fewC. little(正确答案)D. few24、9．—Will there be more cars in the future?—________. [单选题] *A．See youB．Well, I'm not sure(正确答案)C．You're welcomeD．Thank you25、______ pocket money did you get when you were a child? （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. HowC. How manyD. How much(正确答案)26、I’m still unable to make myself_____in the discussion, which worries me a lot. [单选题]*A.understandB.understood(正确答案)C.understandingD.to be understood27、You have coughed for several days, Bill. Stop smoking, _______ you’ll get better soon. [单选题] *A. butB. afterC. orD. and(正确答案)28、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long29、You could hardly imagine _______ amazing the Great Wall was. [单选题] *A. how(正确答案)B. whatC. whyD. where30、Stephanie _______ going shopping to staying at home. [单选题] *A. prefers(正确答案)B. likesC. preferD. instead。
学术英语（管理）Unit2课文翻译
《业务营销化》1 问街上一般的人什么是营销时，他们会告诉你那大概就是“卖东西的”。
这从根本上说是正确的，但营销不是简单的销售行为，而是怎样做成的销售。
我们都被全天候不间断营销所围绕，而我们每一个人都已经以我们自己的方式成了一名营销人。
2 专家是怎么定义营销的呢？根据美国市场营销协会，市场营销是一种组织职能，是为组织自身及利益相关者（stakeho ldersn. 利益相关者；股东）而创造、传播、传递客户价值，管理客户关系的一系列过程。
3 根据世界市场营销协会对营销的定义，“核心的经营理念是指导通过交换来识别和满足个人和组织需要的过程，从而为各方创造出众的价值。
”4最后，英国特许营销学会说，“营销是有利地识别，预测，和满足顾客需求的管理过程”。
5 如果我们只是看这三个定义的共性，我们可以看出，营销本质上（in essence）是：a)发现和给顾客他们所想要的和需要的东西，b)通过做这些来获利。
4Ps或5Ps营销策略6 密歇根州立大学（Michiga n State Univers ity）的杰罗姆·麦卡锡（JeromeMcCarth y）教授在20世纪50年代写了一本书并且定义了4Ps营销策略，包括产品、渠道、价格和促销。
这本书为这个星球上最古老的专业提供了一个清晰的结构，而这个结构成为市场营销的定义。
7 为了更好地理解营销，你应该有你自己对术语的定义。
例如，我认为营销是对产品的价格、分配、促销以及人员进行控制，满足顾客以获得利益。
控制是个充满感情的词语，尤其在我们谈及控制人的时候。
无论怎样，控制是很重要的，因为作为一名营销人员，我要控制市场营销的每一个工具并且操纵它们来使市场的影响力达到最大化。
8 作为一名营销经理，我控制一个产品的形象、味道和触感。
商英Unit 2 Management答案教学内容
商英U n i t2M a n a g e m e n t答案Unit 2 ManagementManagement is important. The success or failure of business organizations, government institutions and public sector services, voluntary and non-profit organizations, sports teams, and so on, often depends on the quality of their management. This unit includes a discussion of the qualities required by managers, a definition of management, consideration of the role of the meetings in management, a critical view of the management of one large American multinational company, and an interview with the manager of a British department store, who discusses his job. Before the discussion on the qualities required by managers and the definition of management, maybe we can discuss the cartoon. What’s the joke? We can assume thatMr. Farvis runs this company (his name is on the door). What can we say about his managerial skills, or his apparent lack of them?Discuss in pairs for two minutes what exactly managers do, concerning organizing, setting objectives, allocating tasks and resources, communicating, motivating, and so on.1a DiscussionWhat is management? Is it an art or a science? An instinct or a set of skills and techniques that can be taught?Management is a mixture of innate qualities and learnable skills and techniques. What do you think makes a good manager? Which four of the following qualities do you think are the most important?Being decisive: able to make quick decisionsBeing efficient: doing things quickly, not leaving tasks unfinished, having a tidy desk, and so onBeing friendly and sociableBeing able to communicate with people -----Being logical, rational and analyticalBeing able to motivate and inspire and lead people -----Being authoritative: able to give ordersBeing competent: knowing one’s job perfectly, as well as the work of one’ssubordinates -----Being persuasive: able to convince people to do thingsHaving good ideas -----Are there any qualities that you think should be added to this list?Which of these qualities can be acquired? Which must you be born with?There are clearly no definitive answers as to which of these skills can be acquired.1b ReadingPeter Drucker, the (Austrian-born) American management professor and consultant, is the author of many books about business. This text summarizes some of Peter Drucker’s views on management. It paraphrases the extended definition of management he gives in one of his management textbooks. As you read about his description of the work of a manager, decide whether the five different functions he mentions require the four qualities you selected in your discussion, or others you did not choose.What is management?Drucker’s first point (setting objectives and developing strategies) presumably requires qualities J, H, E and A (not necessarily in that order). The second point (organizing) presumably also requires H, E and J. The third point (motivation and communication) embraces F, D, I and probably C. The fourth point (measuring performance) probably requires H and E. The fifth point (developing people) might require H, F, D and J. But all this is clearly open to discussion.1c VocabularyComplete the following sentences with these words.Achieved; board of directors; communicate; innovations; manageable; performance; resources; setting; supervise1.managers have to decide how best to allocate the human, physical and capital resources available to them.2.Managers -- logically – have to make sure that the jobs and tasks given to their subordinates are manageable.3.There is no point in setting objectives if you don’t communicate them to your staff.4.Managers have to supervise their subordinates, and to measure, and try to improve, their performance.5.Managers have to check whether objectives and targets are being achieved.6.A top manager whose performance is unsatisfactory can be dismissed by the company’s board of directors.7.Top managers are responsible for the innovations that will allow a company to adapt to a changing world.1d VocabularyThe text contains a number of common verb-noun partnerships (e.g. achieve objectives, deal with crises, and so on).Match up these verbs and nouns to make common collocations.Allocate resources (or people)Communicate information (or decisions)Develop strategies (or people or subordinates)Make decisionsMeasure performanceMotivate peoplePerform jobsSet objectivesSupervise subordinates2 Meetings‘One can either work or meet. One cannot do both at the same time.’(Peter Drucker: An Introductory View of Management)What do you think Peter Drucker means by this comment?Drucker obviously believes that work is largely something that is done individually, and that meetings are not ‘work’, but merely preparation for it, or consolidation after it.2a Reading p18Read the computer journalist Robert X. Cringely’s description of the management style at IBM.Is he positive or negative about IBM’s working culture?Robert Cringely’s history of the personal computer industry is very informative, in places very critical, and also very funny. In this extract, he is extremely negative about IBM, saying that they put much too much effort into management and worrying about the possibility of making bad decisions, and not enough into producing good, competitively-priced products.2b ComprehensionExplain in your own words exactly what Robert Cringely means in the following sentences.1.Every IBM employee’s ambition is apparently to become a manager.It seems as if the people who work for IBM are more interested in being regarded as a manager than as a computer designer or technician2.IBM makes management the company’s single biggest business.IBM’s corporate culture seems to place more emphasis on management than on developing and selling the company’s products.3.IBM executives manage the design and writing of software.IBM’s managers don’t actually do the work of designing and writing software themselves, but organize and supervise the people who do it.4.IBM products aren’t often very competitive.IBM products are rarely as good or as dheap as similar products made by their competitors5.The safety net at IBM is so big it is hard to make a bad decision.There is an extensive hierarchy and a system of checks and controls which ensures that bad decisions are generally avoided (but good decisions also take a very long time to make).6.This will be the source of the company’s ultimate downfall.The slowness of IBM’s decision-making process (and the consequent lack of competitiveness of their products) will eventually destroy the company.2c Vocabulary p18Find word in the text that mean the same as the words or expressions below.1.seemingly apparentlyputer programs software3.work, time and energy effortputers (and other machines) hardware5.young workers still learning their jobs trainees6.knowledge and skill expertise7.levels or strata layers8.to make certain that something is true verify9.corrected or slightly changed amended10.collapse or failure downfall3 The retail sectorYou will hear part of an interview with Steve Moody, the manager of the Marks & Spencer store in Cambridge, England.What do you know about Marks & Spencer?M&S, as many people call them in Britain sell clothes, household goods and food. They have branches all over Britain, and are expanding into continental Europe.3a Listeninglisten to part One, in which Steve Moody describes the role and responsibilities of a store manager.Tapesript Part OneSTEVE MOODY so, as the store manager in Cambridge, which is probably the fortieth largest of the 280 stores we have got, I am responsible for the day-to-day running of the store. All the product is delivered to me in predescribed quantities, and obviously I’m responsible for displaying that merchandise to its best advantage,obviously I’m responsible for employing the staff to actually sell that merchandise, and organizing the day-to-day logistics of the operation. Much more running stores is about the day-to-day operation. And ensuring that that’s safe, and obviously because of the two hundred people that we would normally have working here it’s ensuring that they are well trained, that they are well motivated, and that the environment they work in is a pleasant one, that they are treated with respect, and that they are committed to the company’s principles.Which of the following tasks is he responsible for?1.designing the store and its layout2.displaying the merchandise3.employing the sales staff4.ensuring the safety of staff and customers5.establishing the company’s principles6.getting commitment from the staff7.increasing profits8.maintaining a pleasant working environment9.motivating staffanizing the day-to-day logistics11.pricing the merchandise12.running 40 out of 280 stores13.selecting the merchandise14.supervising the day-to-day running of the store15.training staff3b ListeningListen to Part Two, and answer these questions.Tapescript Part TwoINTERVIEWER How much freedom do those people have within their jobs to make decisions themselves? How much delegation is there of responsibility down the chain? STEVE MOODY We would , as a business, like to encourage as much accountability and delegation as possible. Of course that does depend on the abilities of the individuals, the environment in which you’re working, and the time of year. With 282stores we have a corporate appearance in the United Kingdom’s high streets. It is quiteimportant that when customers come into Marks & Spencer’s Cambridge they get the same appearance and type of looking store and the same level of service that they would expect if they went into Marks & Spencer’s Edinburgh in Scotland, for example, and it’s very important that we have a corporate statement that customers understand. So, there are obviously parameters and disciplines that, you know, not only the staff but supervision and management would follow. Within that, in terms of development and training, training is obviously an investment for all staff. If staff are trained to do their job well and they understand it, they will feel confident in what they’re doing, that in turn will give a better service to the customers, obviously fromMarks & Spencer’s point of view it could well lead to increased sales.1.Why are Marks & Spencer’s store managers limited in giving accountability to their staff and delegating responsibilities?Although marks & Spencer ‘would like to encourage as much accountability anddelegation as possible’, they have a corporate appearance for all their stores, in all of which customers should get the same level of service. This limits the freedom of individual mangers to change the stores: there are ‘parameters and disciplines that not only the staff but supervision and management would follow’.2.What do they concentrate on instead?Instead, they concentrate on staff development and training.3c listeninglisten to Part Three, and answer the following questions.Tapescript Part ThreeINTERVIEWER Do you have meetings for members of staff where they can expressviews about what’s going on in the store?STEVE MOODY We have a series of meetings, management and supervisory everyweek we have something which Marks & Spencer’s call a focus group, which is members of staff who get together regularly from all areas of the store, so from the food section and perhaps the menswear section, from the office who do the stock and accounting, and indeed the warehouse where people receive goods. They have meetings, they discuss issues, they discuss problems that they feel are going on in the store. They also discuss suggestions of how they can improve that we run the store, and they discuss that amongst themselves first. They will then have a meeting with members of management and obviously myself, and we will discuss those issues andwork together to try and provide solutions. However, Marks & Spencer’s philosophy, I suppose, is that meetings should not be substitute for day-to-day communication and therefore if problems do arise in terms of the operation, or an individual has got a problem in their working environment, or indde their immediate line manager, or indeed if they have a problem outside, which might be domestic, or with their family, we would like to discuss that as it arises and would like to encourage a policy that they will come and talk to their supervisor or their manager, to see what we can do to solve the problem.Steve Moody mentions two kinds of regular meetings. The first is weekly meetings for management and supervisory staff.1.What is the second kind of meeting called?A focus group.2.Who attends them?Members of staff from all areas of the store (e.g. the food section, the menswear section, the stock and accounting office, the warehouse, and so).3.What are they designed to achieve?Staff can discuss problems in the store, and make suggestions for improvements. After this, they will meet with members of management to discuss those issues and try to provide solutions.4.What kind of problems cannot be dealt with by meetings?Individuals’ problems with their work or their line manager, or even family problems 5.How are such problems dealt with?Individuals are encouraged to discuss such problems with their supervisor or manager.3d DiscussionAfter reading and hearing about management, do you think you have the right skills to be a manager? Would you be able, for example, to set objectives, motivate and coordinate the staff, and manage a department store, or a computer manufacturer? Some learners may decide that they have the necessary abilities to become a manager or even a top manager; others may envisage more specialized careers in a particular function such as marketing, finance, computing, accounting, and so on, which will not involve managing and coordinating a large number of people and operations.New words in this unit 02Allocate, banker, board of directors, chairman, competitive, customer, director, distributor, function, hardware, innovation, investor, logistics, manageable, management, manager, measure, meeting, merchandise, motivate, objective, organization, pay, performance, promotion, resources, software, staff, strategy, subordinate, supervise, supplier, tactics, team, top manager, trainee.。
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Notes
[2] Not everything is stored online, and, even if it is stored online, there is no guarantee that the information that you saw today will still be there next week, and there is no guarantee that the material will be organized in a logical manner that will facilitate your finding it again. 本句中，Not everything is stored online是一个部分否定的 句子，意思是“并非所有的东西都在线存储” 。even if 引导了一个让步状语从句，意思是“即使”。that you saw today是一个定语从句，修饰和限定the information。 that will facilitate your finding it again也是一个定语从句， 修饰和限定a logical manner。
Text
请老师朗读并讲解课文
Notes
[1] What you've just read is information that you will keep in short term memory until you decide if it is worth keeping for a longer time. 本句中，What you've just read是一个主语从句，that you will keep in short term memory until you decide if it is worth keeping for a longer time是一个定语从句，修饰和限定表 语information。在该定语从句中，until you decide if it is worth keeping for a longer time是一个时间状语从句，修 饰谓语will keep。在该时间状语从句中，从句if it is worth keeping for a longer time作decide的宾语。
Notes
[3] The problem for most researchers is not that the information doesn't exist in a library or in a journal or in a magazine or in a motion picture, but that they have yet to discover the organizing principles that are designed to help them find the information they need. 本句中，The problem for most researchers是主语，is后面 的部分是表语。not that…,but that的意思是“并非…，而 是…”。that are designed to help them find the information they need是一个定语从句，修饰和限定the organizing principles。在该定语从句中，they need是一个定语从句， 修饰和限定它前面的the information。Ph Nhomakorabeaases
figure out in the case of speed up take (the) trouble in order to rely on count on be able to 解决,判定,领会到,合计为 在…的情况 加速,加快 尽力设法;不怕费事 为了 依靠,仪仗,信赖,指望 依靠,指望 能,会
司爱侠 侯安才 张强华 黄祝菲 编著
信息管理专业英语教程
人民邮电出版社
Unit 2
How Is Information Organized?
退出
New Words
New Words
New Words
New Words
New Words
Phrases
even if worry about deal with take care of right now after all focus on in short take heart 即使,纵然 担心 安排,处理 照顾,关心 立刻,马上 毕竟,终究;别忘了 集中 简而言之,总之 鼓足勇气
Notes
[4] People, experts in their fields, have taken the time and trouble to organize access to all the stored information that they can get their hands on in order to make it searchable and accessible to other people. 本句中，that they can get their hands on是一个定语从句， 修饰和限定all the stored information。in order to make it searchable and accessible to other people作目的状语，it指 all the stored information。take the time and trouble to do sth.的意思是“花费时间和尽力设法去做某事”。
Exercises
请做课后练习
练习参考答案请参阅本书附录
司爱侠其他著作
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