人教版初二下学期英语重点
初二英语下册知识点归纳人教版
初二英语下册知识点归纳人教版一、Unit 1 What's the matter?1. 重点短语。
- have a cold 感冒。
- have a stomachache 胃痛；腹痛。
- have a sore back 背痛。
- lie down 躺下。
- take one's temperature 量体温。
- have a fever 发烧。
- take breaks (take a break) 休息。
- get off 下车。
- to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是；出乎……意料。
- right away 立即；马上。
- get into 陷入；参与。
- be used to 习惯于……；适应于……- take risks (take a risk) 冒险。
- run out (of) 用尽；耗尽。
- cut off 切除。
- get out of 离开；从……出来。
- be in control of 掌管；管理。
2. 重点句型。
- What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the trouble? 怎么了？- Should I put some medicine on it? 我应该在它（伤口）上敷些药吗？- You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。
- He hurt himself in P.E. class. 他在体育课上伤到了自己。
- Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 阿伦·罗尔斯顿是一个对登山感兴趣的美国人。
3. 语法。
- 情态动词should的用法：should表示“应该”，用来提出建议或劝告，后接动词原形。
例如：You should see a dentist. 否定形式为shouldn't，例如：You shouldn't go to school late.二、Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.1. 重点短语。
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结(最新最全)
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结Unti1 what’s the matter?短语归纳1.too much 太多2.lie down 躺下3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查4.take one ’s temperature 量体温5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药6.have a fever 发烧7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想9.get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院11.wait for等待 12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的13.thanks to多亏于；由于 14.in time及时15.think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病用法归纳1.need to do sth .需要去做某事2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事5.agree to do sth 同意做某事6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 e sth to do sth用某物去做某事语法点1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should的用法3.不定代词的用法精细解读1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点总结完整版
Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、重点短语1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest躺下来休息11. hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist看牙医13. get an X-ray拍X光片14. take one’ s temperature量体温15. put some medicine on sth在……上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的28. thanks to 多亏了；由于29. in time及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fall down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42.have problems breathing呼吸困难43. mountain climbing登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so…that 如此……以至于……48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a difficult situation 在逆境屮50. keep on doing sth.坚持做某事51. make a decision做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃二、知识点解析1. What’s the matter? 怎么了？若是询问“某人怎么了?”要用“What’s the matter with sb.?”拓展：What’s the matter with sb.? 的同义句：What’s wrong with sb.? / What’s the trouble with sb.?2.疾病类短语：have a +疾病. e.g. :have a fever 发烧have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽.have a +身体部位-ache. e.g.: have a headache 头痛have a toothache 牙痛.have a sore+身体部位. e.g.: have a sore throat咽喉痛have a sore back背痛例题：Mom, I____________.I’m sorry to hear that, dear. We must go to see the dentist right away.A. have a headacheB. have a stomachacheC. have a toothacheD. have a fever3. lie down 躺下V. 躺，平躺。
中考英语复习人教版 八年级(下)重点词汇附答案
I always do housework at home. When I was in the 1.__t_h_ir_d___ (three) grade, I was asked to clean my bedroom. At first, I was very unhappy to do that, because I thought housework was a 2._n_a_t_u_r_a_l (nature) job of mom's. But one day, I saw my mom sleeping, looking tired. I 3.__r_e_a_li_z_ed__(realize) she had worked all day and still had to do much housework at home. After that, I made 4.___a___ decision to help with housework. I started to clean up my 5.__m_e_s_s_y_ bedroom
Passage 4 万唯原创 Last summer, I went to Qingdao with my parents.The sun 1.___sh__o_n_e__(shine) every day and the air was fresh, which made us so comfortable. We couldn't wait to go to the seaside foinrstthe 2.________ (one) day. I remcleeamrblyer 3.________(clear) when we were lying on the beach, we saw a little crab(螃蟹) walking towards us. I was so excited and played wiwthhiiltefor a 4.________. Because it was in summer, there wteorueriastlsot of 5.________(tourist) on the beach and in the seariends and talked to foreigners. I bought many 6.__in_t_e_r_e_s_ti_n_g__(interest) souvenirs for my friends. Besides, I picked some colorful shells. There we lived in an amazing hotel, and we were 7._p_r_o_v_i_d_e_d_(provide)with the firstclass service. I like Qingdao very much. The whole trip was so good that we relieved(释放) all the stress and enjoyed 8.__o_u__rs_e_l_v_e_s__(we). It is such 9.___a____ wonderful place. I have fallen 10. ___in_____ love with this coastal city and I hope to go there once more.
新目标人教版八年级英语下全册重点及练习
Unit 1 What’s the matter?重点短语:have a stomachache have a cold lie downtake one’s temperature have a fever go to a doctor to one’s surprise agree to (do sth.) get into troublebe used to take risks run out (of)cut off get out of be in control of keep on ( doing sth.） give up语言知识归纳：1. What’s the matter (with you)?此句用来询问别人的病情。
类似的句子还有：What’s wrong with you?/ What’s the trouble?matter作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。
What does it matter? It doesn’t matter.【例题】Does it ________ if we can’t finish it today?A. mindB. mindsC. matterD. matters2. I have a sore throat.have “患病”，常用“have a /an+ 名词”.have a cold have a fever have a sore back have a stomachache have a cough【例题】( )---Does he often have ______ cold? ---Yes. He also _____a cough and a sore throat.A. a; hasB. /; hasC. a; haveD. /; have3.Lie down and rest! 躺下休息lie down 躺下4.That’s probably why. 那可能就是原因。
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结
千里之行，始于足下。
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结
人教版八年级英语下册的各知识点归纳总结如下：
1. 职业和家庭：学习如何描述职业、谈论家庭成员和家庭活动，如询问职业、描述人物、说明工作地点等。
2. 爱好和兴趣：学习如何描述爱好和兴趣，如谈论体育运动、音乐、电影、读书等。
3. 交通和旅行：学习如何描述交通工具、问路和旅行方面的话题，如描述公共交通工具、询问路线、购买车票等。
4. 环保与保护：学习如何描述环保和保护环境的行为，如讨论环境问题、讨论减少污染的方法、倡导保护野生动植物等。
5. 书信和便条：学习如何写书信和便条，如写自我介绍信、道歉信、邀请信等。
6. 教育和学习：学习如何描述学校和学习，如谈论学校设施、描述学习方法、讨论学业压力等。
7. 健康和饮食：学习如何描述健康和饮食，如谈论健康习惯、讨论饮食结构、询问健康问题等。
8. 动物和自然：学习如何描述动物和自然景观，如描述动物的特征、描述自然场景、讨论保护动物和自然的重要性等。
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锲而不舍，金石可镂。
9. 文化和传统：学习如何描述文化和传统活动，如讨论节日、描述传统习俗、谈论文化差异等。
10. 社会问题和解决方案：学习如何描述社会问题和提出解决方案，如谈论青少年问题、讨论解决社会问题的方法等。
以上是人教版八年级英语下册的各知识点的归纳总结，供您参考。
人教版英语八年下学期 Unit1考点重点知识点作文整理
新目标英语八年下考点,重点,知识点整理Unit 1 What’s the matter?本单元考点,重点三个：一.询问身体不适并给出建议的句型二.v.-ing形式的非谓语动词三.反身代词一.询问身体不适并给出建议的句型：(一)对“身体不适”的提问：“怎么了？”1.What’s the matter (with you)?2.What’s the trouble (with you)?=3.What’s your trouble?4.What’s wrong(with you)?5.What’s up?6.What happens to you?7.What’s the problem(with you)?(二)“身体不适”的简要表达：1.主语+ have/has + a + 病症(1) I have a cold.= I catch a cold. =I get a cold. =I have the flu.我感冒了。
I have a bad cold.我得了重感冒。
(2) I have a fever.我发烧了。
I have a high fever.我发高烧了。
(3) I have a cough.我咳嗽了。
(4) I have a nosebleed.我出鼻血了。
2.主语+ have /has + a + 身体部位-ache(1) I have a toothache.我牙疼。
I have a bad toothache.我牙疼的厉害。
(2) I have a stomachache.我胃疼。
(3) I have a headache.我头疼。
(4) I have a backache.我后背疼。
3.主语+ have/has + a + sore + 发病部位(1) I have a sore back.我后背疼。
(2) I have a sore throat.我嗓子疼。
I have a very sore throat.我嗓子疼的厉害。
初二英语下册知识点总结人教版
初二英语下册知识点总结人教版Unit 1Where's your pen pal from?知识点梳理：1.学习目标重点能够运用句型Where's your pen pal from?He/She's from… 进行交流，让学生能够初步了解及使用国家名称。
复习巩固本单元的国家名称，能够熟练朗读及拼写所学国家的名称。
2.句型－Where's your pen pal from? He's from Canada.－Is it a big city? Yes, it's a big city.3.单词Canada, Australia, Japan, pen pal, New York, London, Dublin, big, interesting, small 4.语言点Where's your pen pal from? He's from…Is it a big city? Yes, it's a big city.知识串记：1、Country and city英国 the UK 伦敦 London美国 the USA 纽约 New York加拿大 Canada澳大利亚 Australia爱尔兰 Ireland 都柏林 Dublin日本 Japan2、形容词比较级big huge small littleinteresting 更有趣的 boring 更无聊的good 好的 better 更好的3、句型Where is your pen pal from?他的笔友来自哪里？He/She is from…他／她来自……Is it a big city? 这是个大城市吗？Yes, it is. 是的，是个大城市。
No, it isn't.不，它不是。
Unit 2Where's the post office?知识点梳理：1.学习目标重点使学生通过Where’s the post office?等句型，初步了解并积累城市中的地理学习内容，对城市地理位置的认知。
人教版八年级下册英语必考知识点梳理(期末复习必备)
人教版八年级下册英语必考知识点梳理(期末复习必备)八年级下册英语知识点Unit 1 What’s the matter?【重点短语】1.have a fever 发烧2.have a cough 咳嗽3.have a toothache 牙疼4.talk too much 说得太多5.drink enough water 喝足够的水6.have a cold 受凉;感冒7.have a stomachache 胃疼8.have a sore back 背疼9.have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. take risks 冒险11.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12.see a dentist 看牙医13.get an X-ray 拍X 光片14.take one’s temperature 量体温15.put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药16. give up 放弃17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’s surprise 另某人惊讶的是28. thanks to 多亏了;由于29. in time 及时30. make a decision 做出决定31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻;马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从……出来35. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fall down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so...that... 如此……以至于...…48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a difficult situation 在闲境中【重点句型】1. What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you? = What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢?3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?4.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。
人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点汇总
U n i t1W h a t’s t h e m a t t e r 一、询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法1询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时;常用以下几种结构来表达：What’s the matter with sb．某人怎么了What’s wrong with sb．某人怎么了What’s the trouble with sb．某人出什么事了What happened to sb．某人发生了什么事Are you OK你没事吧Is there anything wrong with sb. 某人有什么事吗(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服;可用以下结构：①某人+have/has+病症．The twins have colds．双胞胎感冒了..某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.She had a stomachache last night．她昨晚肚子痛..③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位． He has a sore throat．他喉咙痛..④某人+hurts+身体部位或反身代词． He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了..⑤某部位+hurts.My head hurts badly．我头痛得厉害..⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位; I have a pain in my chest．我胸口痛..⑦There issomething wrong with one’s+身体部位．There is something wrong with my right eye．．我的右眼有毛病..⑧其他表达方式She has a heart trouble．她有心脏病..He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击..She cut her finger．她割破手指了..二情态动词should的用法1．Should为情态动词;意为“应该；应当”;否定式为shouldn’t;其后接动词原形;无人称和数的变化..常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等.. You should drink hot water with honey．你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水..He should put his head back他应该把头后仰..We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他.. You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视..2．Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句;表示征询意见.. Should I put some medicine on it 我应当给它敷上药吗 Should we tell her about it我们应该告诉她这件事吗拓展在英语中;表示建议的说法有很多;而且都是中考考查的重点..主要结构有：①Would you like to do sth．你想要／愿意做某事吗Would you like to play basketball with me你想要和我一起打篮球吗②Shall I/we do sth 我／我们做好吗Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow明天我们去动物园;好吗③Why not do sth 为什么不呢Why not join us为什么不加入到我们当中来呢④How/What about doing sth 做某事怎么样 How about going swimming去游泳怎么样⑤Let’s do sth让我们做吧.. Let’s go home．咱们回家吧..⑥You’d better not do sth你最好不要做某事..You’d better not go there alone．你最好不要一个人去那儿..Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks动词不定式A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻;常用it作为形式主语;而真正的主语动词不定式后置..常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+for/of sb. to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.B. 作宾语——动词want; decide; hope; ask; agree; choose; learn; plan; need; teach; prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语..C. 作后置定语——常用于“have/has＋sth.＋to do”或“enough＋名＋to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等结构中..D. 作宾语补足语——tell; ask; want; invite; teach; like; call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语;构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构..“一感feel;二听listen to; 注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to：hear;三让let; make; have;;四看look at; see; watch; notice;半帮助help”..E. 动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词;表示目的;结果或原因..为了强调目的;有时可以把动词不定式放在句首;或在不定式前加in order to 或so as to “为了;目的是”..常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等..F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法常见的形式有：had better not do sth./Would you like to do sth./Why not do sth./Would you please not do sth.等..Unit 3 Could you please clean your roomCould you please...句型1请求别人时通常用此句型;也可以说：Can you...please情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求;在意思上无区别;但是用could在于其上显得更委婉、客气、诚恳..在日常生活中常使用could you/I...若在句末加上please;则显得更礼貌..Could you help me find my book;please你能帮我找到我的书吗（2）对could you/I...的问句作出肯定回答;常用“sure/certainly/of course”等；如果作否定回答;常用“sorry或oh;please don’t”.. 一般不用no开头;用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌..（3）表示请求的句式：Would you like to do... Would you mind doing... Let’s do.... Shall I/we do... Please do...祈使句前加please提示：could you please...与could I Please...两种问句;前者是请求别人帮忙的句式;后者是有礼貌地向别人请求允许的交际用语..试比较：Could you please help me请你帮我一下好吗Could I please invite my friends to my birthday party;Mom 妈妈; 我能邀请我的朋友参加我的生日聚会吗Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents1.提建议向别人发出邀请;请求;建议;或征求某人的意见的其他表达方式：How /what about doing sth.about是个介词;可跟名词或动名词“…怎么样”You’d better not do something.“你最好不做某事”Would you like sth …:“你想要某物Let s do sth…What should I do … should表示请求、征询对方意见2.学会谈论问题和学会用why don't you…提建议向别人发出邀请;请求;建议;或征求某人的意见的表达方式：Why don t you do something =Why not do something 你为什么不做某事呢来表示请求、征询对方意见３．until; so that ;although引导的状语从句：1until：在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里;如果主句用肯定式;其含义是“一直到……时”;谓语动词只能用延续性动词..如果主句用否定式;其含义是“直到……才……”; “在……以前不……”; 谓语动词可用瞬间动词..Don t get off until the bus stops.2so that引导目的状语从句为了;以便例如：He studies hard so that he could work better in the future3although的用法意思相当于though尽管;虽然;引导让步状语从句..引导的从句不能与并列连词but;and; so等连用;但可以和yet; still等词连用.. 例如：Although he was tired; he went on working.尽管他很累;但是他继续工作..Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came过去进行时1. 基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作..这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外; 一般用时间状语来表示..2.结构 was / were not + 动词-ing3.句式肯定式：I/He/She/It was working. We/You/They/ were working.否定式:I/He/She/It was not working.We/You/They/ were not working.疑问式和简略回答:Was I working Yes; you were. No; you were not. Were you working Yes; I was. No; I was not. Was he/she/it working Yes; he/she/it was. No; he/she/it was not. Were we/you/they working Yes; you/we/they were. No; you/we/they were not. 注：1 was not常缩略为wasn’t; were not常缩略为weren’t..2 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态; 而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作.. 例如: David wrote a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信..信写完了..David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信..信不一定写完..4.过去进行时中的when和whilewhen; while 区别：1)由when引导的时间状语从句;主句用过去进行时;从句应用一般过去时；由while引导的时间状语从句;主句用一般过去时;从句应用过去进行时..When the teacher came in; we were talking.当此句改变主从句的位置时;则为： While we were talking; the teacher came in. 2如果从句和主句的动作同时发生;两句都用过去进行时的时候;多用while引导..如：They were singing while we were dancing.Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains1. unless引导条件状语从句unless = if … not ―除非;若不They will go tomorrow unless it rains.= They will go tomorrow if it doesn’t rains.2. as soon as引导时间状语从句.. ―……就He will come and see you as soon as he can.3. so.......that引导结果状语从句句型1：主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.句型2： so +形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.句型3. so + many/ few + 复数名词 + that从句He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.句型4： so +much/ little + 不可数名词 + that 从句I had so little money that I couldn’t buy a pen.Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级一原级句型：1. A is as+原级+ as+ B 表示A 与B一样…eg: He is as tall as me.2.A is not as/so +原级+ as B表示A不如B…eg:He is not as tall as me.3.只能修饰原级的词;very;quite;so;too;so; enough; pretty等例如;He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了..（二）比较级句型可以修饰比较级的词;much;a lot;far;…的多a little;a bit;…一点儿 even甚至;still 仍然Eg. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多.. Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻..1.当句中有than 时则用比较级.. eg: He is fatter than me.2．当句子中的比较对象为两者时用比较级：“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级;A or B ”eg: Which is bigger;the earth or the moon 哪一个大;地球还是月球3. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”..eg.The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮..加more构成比较级的形容词则用more and more +形容词表示越来越…eg: English is more and more important.4.“the+比较级;the+比较级”表示“越……;越……”..Eg. The more careful you are;the fewer mistakes you’ll make.5.“A+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“A是两者中较……的”..Eg.Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.6.A+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词+介词短语”表示“A比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”;含义是“A最……”..Eg. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.三最高级常用句型结构1．“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”.. eg：Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.This apple is the biggest of the five.2．“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”..Eg：Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.3．“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+A;B;or C ”用于三者以上eg Which is the biggest The moon;the sun or ths earth4.“the +序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围”..表示…是第几大…eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China .注意形容词最高级之前要加the;但当最高级之前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时则不用加theeg: He is the best student in my class. He is my best friend.（四）形容词副词的规则与不规则变化规则变化1.一般在词尾直接加er或est;例如;tall-taller-tallest;long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st;例如;nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词;把y变为i;再加er或est;例如;heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节;末尾只有一个辅音字母;双写这个辅音字母;再加er或est;eg. big-bigger-biggest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级;例如;slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful- more beautiful-most beautiful 不规则变化Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yetUnit 9 Have you ever been to a museum现在完成时 Present Perfect Tense1表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果..—It’s so dark. 太黑了..—Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了..2表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态..常与since+过去的时间点;for+一段时间;since+时间段+ego; so far等时间状语连用.. Eg. I have lived here for ten years.我已经住在这里10年了..从10年前开始;持续到现在还住这儿Eg. I have lived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就住在这儿..从2003年开始;持续到现在还住这儿3 基本结构及句型转换：主语+have/has+过去分词done 当主语是第三人称单数has;其余人称用have..①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 I have finished my homework. 肯定句②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 I have not finished my homework. 否定句③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他—Have you finished your homework—Yes; I have. / No; I haven’t; 一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答4has gone to; has been to; has been in 的区别Have/Has goneto :去了现在不在说话现场Eg. ---Where is your father---He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been to :去过已不在去过的地方Eg. My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久还在所呆的地方Eg. My father has been in Shanghai for two months. =My father has been in Shanghaisince two months ago.5现在完成时的标志：①常与just; already; yet; ever; never; before; so far 等连用;强调动作的完成;不强调动作的持续..Have you ever been to Japan I have just finished my homework.②for + 时间段；since + 过去的时间点；since + 段时间 ago；since + 一般过去时的句子..They have known each other for five years. Since he was a child; he has lived in England.（6）动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则变化： 1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed..如：pick → picked → picked; wish →wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d..如：like → liked → liked; hope → hoped →hoped; phone → phoned → phoned3. 以―辅音字母 + y‖结尾的动词;变y为i;再加-ed..如：study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词;要双写辅音字母;再加-ed..如：stop →stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped不规则变化：5.以不变应万变..如：let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read6. 若中间有双写e;则去掉一个e;单词末尾再加t..如：feel → felt → felt; keep → kept → kept; sleep → slept → slept7. 结尾的字母d变t..如：lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send →sent → sent8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾..如：buy → bought → bought;bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught →taughtUnit 10 I've had this bike for three years.短暂性动词buy; die; join; finish等不能直接与for; since 连用; 需要改变动词..1）beginstart--be on2 open--be open3)become--be4)die--be dead5) fall asleep-- be asleep6)close -- be closed7)end/ finish---be over8) put on--wear9)leave-- be awayfrom 10)catch a cold--have a cold11)join the army--in the army/be a soldier12)borrow---keep13)join the party-- be in the party/ be a party member14) buy---have15come/go/ arrive/reach/get /move to---be in /at总结：1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果；2.还可以表示过去发生的动作;一直持续到现在;也有可能持续下去.3..一般情况下;for+时间段； since+过去的时间点；since + 段时间 ago；since + 一般过去时的句子4.句型：现在完成时态have/has+延续性动词的过去分词+ for/ since...。
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八年级英语短语UNIT1 What’s the matter ?一、重点短语have a fever 发烧have a cough 咳嗽have a toothache 牙疼have a stomachache 胃疼1.have a+疾病have a sore back 背疼have a heart problem 有心脏病have a nosebleed 流鼻血have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a cold 受凉;感冒2. to one’ s surprise 使....... 惊讶的3. thanks to 多亏了；由于4. in time 及时on time 按时5. because of 由于6. be in control of 掌管;管理7. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事8. in the same way 以同样的方式9. run out (of) 用完;用尽10. make a decision 做出决定11. take risks 冒险12. get into trouble 造成麻烦13. right away 立刻；马上14. give up 放弃15.agree to do sth 同意做某事16. so that 以便17. so. . . that 如此… …以至于…18. feel sick 感到恶心19. talk too much 说得太多20. lie down and rest 躺下来休息21. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶22. get an X-ray 拍X光片23. take one’ s temperature 量体温24. go along 沿着……走25. on the side of the road 在马路边26. without thinking twice 没有多想27. get off 下车28. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎29. fall down 摔倒30. hurt oneself 受伤二、重点句型1. What’ s the matter?What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you?= What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了？2. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？3.主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。
②You shouldn’t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。
Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks.1. put off 推迟;延迟2. for example 比如；例如e true 实现4.at the same time 同时5. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难6. used to 曾经… 过去_7. at the age of 在......岁时8.clean up 打扫干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴，振奋10. give out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出；提出12. be similar to 与……相似13. make a difference 影响;有作用14. be able to 能够15.decide to do sth 决定做某事16. make a plan 制订计划17. make some notices 做些公告牌18. try out 试用;试行19. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力20. put up 建造;举起;张贴21 hand out 分发;散发;发给22. call up 打电话;召集23. raise money 筹钱;募捐24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. set up 建立;设立26.the disabled people 残疾人27. give away 赠送;捐赠二、重点句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。
5. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。
6. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。
7. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、重点短语1.go out for dinner 出去吃饭2.in order to为了3.get good grades取得好成绩4.mind doing sth. 介意做某事5.depend on依赖;依靠6.stay out late 在外面待到很晚7.hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事8.lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人9.look after=take care of 照顾；照看10.do chores 做杂务11.help sb. (to ) d o sth=help with sth帮助某人干某事12.invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会13.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事14.finish doing sth. 完成做某事15.Learn to do sth 学习做某事16.have to do sth 不得不做某事17.work on 从事18.clean and tidy 干净整洁19.do the dishes 洗餐具20.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾21.fold your/the clothes 叠衣服22.sweep the floor 扫地23.make your/the bed 整理床铺24.clean the living room 打扫客厅25.no problem 没问题26.throw down 扔下27.sit down 坐下28.take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步29.all the time 一直;总是30.all day/evening 整曰/夜31.do housework 做家务32.walk away 走开33..share the housework 分担家务34. a comfortable home 一个舒适的家35.in surprise 惊讶地36.get something to drink 拿点喝的东西37.hang out 闲逛38.develop children’s independence发展孩子的独立性39.do one’ s part in (doin g ) sth.做某人分内的事40.go to the movies 去看电影41. get a ride 搭车二、重点句型1. Could you please…..do sth. ?Could you please clean your room?你能整理一下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。
3. Could I+ do sth. ? 我可以做某事吗？Could I use your computer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗？4. She won’ t be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the T V . 我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
7. hate + to do sth. 讨厌做某事I hate to do chores.我讨厌做杂务。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?一、重点短语1. have free time有空闲时间2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛4.in one’s opinion 在某人看来5. be angry with sb. 生某人的气6. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事7. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事8. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事9.talk to sb. 与某人交谈10. work out成功地发展;解决11. get on with和睦相处；关系良好pete with sb. 与某人竞争13. call sb. up打电话给某人14. look through 浏览，翻看15. worry about sth. 担心某事16. be good at 擅长做某事17. all the time一直18. make sb. angry使某人生气19. give sb. pressure给某人施压20. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架21. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点22. cut out删除23.a big deal重要的事二、重点句型1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t get enough sleep. 我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。