非谓语动词的ing形式
非谓语动词(动词ing形式和动词ed形式)课件
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Hale Waihona Puke 动词ed形式可以作为状 语，表示动作发生的时 间、原因、条件等。
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例如：He was born in 1990.（他出生于1990 年。）
动词ed形式与分词的区别
动词ed形式与分词在语法功能和用法 上存在显著差异。
例如：I have seen the movie.（我 已经看过这部电影了。）（动词ed形 式）
动词ing形式表示正在进行的动作或行为，而动名词表示已经完成或结果的状态。
动词ing形式在句子中做主语或表语时，表示一个动作或行为，而动名词则表示一个 名词概念。
03 动词ed形式
动词ed形式的构成
动词ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成，规则动词的-ed形式一般直接在词尾加-ed。 例如：work -> worked，play -> played。
表示被动关系
如"The book was written by him."。
表示习惯或经常性的行为
如"He likes reading books."。
表示时间或条件状语
如"If you study hard, you will succeed."。
动词ing形式与动名词的区别
动词ing形式既可以作为谓语的一部分，也可以作为独立成分，而动名词只能作为谓 语的宾语或表语。
非谓语动词的语态
主动语态
表示非谓语动词所表示的动作是 由句子主语发出来的。
被动语态
表示非谓语动词所表示的动作不 是由句子主语发出来的，而是被 其他人或物完成的。
非谓语动词时态和语态的用法
过去分词可以用于描述已经完成 的动作或存在的状态，常与时间 状语连用，如“已经”、“已经 完成”、“已经达到”等。
非谓语动词：动词ing形式
Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well.
主语 定语 宾语 表语 状语 宾语补
足语
不定式
✓ ✓✓
甲）.
非谓语动词：动词ing形式
C 动词-ing形式作宾语
动词-ing形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介 词的宾语。
1 能用动词-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类， 一类是只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，另一类是既可 用动词-ing形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语。
①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词(这类动词只能用ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。)
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v-ing 形式 1
3 2 5 非谓语动词：动词ing形式
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A 动词-ing形式作主语
1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 百闻不如一见。
Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. 2 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主 语放在句末。
语态 主动语态
时态
被动语态
一般式 (not) doing (not) being done
完成式 (not) having done (not) having been done
非谓语动词：动词ing形式
观察句子，找特点． １.游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。
• Swimming is her favorite sport. ２.我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。
I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. ３.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
非谓语动词-ing形式
非谓语动词——动词-ing形式动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。
-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
1、-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。
及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。
现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种形式列表如下：动词、语态形式及物动词make；不及物动词go主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式making being made going完成式having made h aving been made having gone2、-ing形式的基本用法。
（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
Talking is easier than doing. 说着容易做着难–ing作主语时，可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语-ing形式或短语后置。
如：It isn’t much good writing to them again.It’s no use waiting here.（2）作表语：Her job is washing and cooking.My hobby is collecting stamps.（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。
She likes drawing very much.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。
Mary is thinking of going back to New York.；③do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon.Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon?④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.；⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading.–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that.Do you think it necessary trying again?（4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old.Do you know the man standing at the gate?注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后；-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。
高考英语重点语法非谓语动词之-ing形式
非谓语动词之-ing形式非谓语动词在英语中用途很广，在考试中是重点，在学习中是难点，但是它还是有很多规律可以遵循，今天我希望经过我的整理和归纳，让非谓语动词简单起来。
非谓语动词的三种形式：-ing形式to do(不定式) done(过去分词)非谓语动词之ing形式ing形式的使用条件：1.当句中有谓语动词并且没有连词and, but, so，when,because等连接时，再出现一个动词，这个动词就要用非谓语动词形式。
2.确定是非谓语动词之后，还要看是否表示主动，如果是主动不表示将来或目的，就用-ing形式。
-ing 在句中充当主语，表语，宾语，定语，补语和状语，绝对不能充当谓语。
Eg. Swimming is good to our health.（主语）游泳对我们的健康有好处。
My hobby is swimming.（表语）我的爱好是游泳。
He likes swimming.（宾语）他喜欢游泳。
He saw the old lady fishing near the river.（宾补）他看见这位老太太正在河边钓鱼。
The old people swimming in the pool are very happy.（定语）正在游泳池里游泳的老人们是很快乐的。
Swimming in the river, they are very happy.（状语）一.-ing 的基本用法-ing充当主语当用动词的形式作主语时，大多数情况都用动词的-ing 形式作主语。
还有少数表示将来或目的，应该用to do 作主语。
另外在It is adj./n. +for sb to do sth. 这个句型中，经常用不定式to do 作主语。
温馨提示：It is no use/ useless/no good/not good/fun/ a waste of time +doing.“做...是没有用的/没有好处的/有趣的/浪费时间的这个句型中经常用doing作主语。
英语语法详解 非谓语动词 动词ing形式的功能
英语语法详解非谓语动词动词ing形式的功能动词-ing形式是由动词+-ing构成，具有名词，形容词，副词的特征，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语和补语。
1.动词-ing形式作主语动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Reading is a very interesting thing。
读书是一件很有趣的事。
Doing sports is good for our health. 做运动对我们的健康有好处。
有时为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，用it作形式主语，把真正的主语动词-ing形式放在后面。
常用的结构有：It is no good doing sth做某事没有好处It is no use doing sth做某事是没有用的It is a waste of time doing sth做某事是浪费时间It is fun doing sth做某事很有趣It’s no use arguing with him. 和他争论是没有用的。
2.动词-ing形式作宾语动词-ing形式可以作一些及物动词的宾语，也可以用作介词的宾语。
一般只跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有：admit（承认）appreciate （感激）avoid（避免）delay（推迟）deny（否认）risk（冒险）enjoy （喜欢）escape（逃跑）excuse（原谅）finish（完成）imagine（想象）keep（继续）include（包括）mind（介意）miss（错过）practice （练习）resist（抵制）suggest（建议）put off（推迟）cannot help （禁不住）feel like（想要）insist on（坚持）He suggested going to see a film. 他建议去看电影。
He admitted cheating in the exam. 他承认在考试中作弊。
有些动词既可以跟-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语。
非谓语动词动词的ing的知识点。英文逻辑
非谓语动词动词的ing的知识点。
英文逻辑非谓语动词是指在句子中作非主语动词的动词形式，包括动词的现在分词形式和动词的动名词形式。
其中，动词的ing形式（现在分词形式）作为非谓语动词有以下几个用法：1. 作为动词的补足语：ing形式可以作为某些动词的宾语补足语，说明主语正在进行或经历的行为。
例如：- I enjoy swimming in the river.（enjoy后接-ing形式作宾语补足语）- He admitted stealing the money.（admit后接-ing形式作宾语补足语）2. 作为形容词：ing形式可以作为形容词，修饰名词。
例如：- The running water sounded soothing.（running作形容词修饰water）- We saw a smiling girl in the park.（smiling作形容词修饰girl）3. 作为副词：ing形式可以作为副词，修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。
例如：- She walked into the room, smiling happily.（smiling修饰walked）- The little girl looked up at him, expecting an answer.（expecting修饰looked）- Opening the door quietly, he tiptoed into the room.（opening修饰tiptoed）4. 作为介词宾语：ing形式可以作为介词的宾语，表示在进行某个动作时伴随的动作。
例如：- She went to the park, taking her dog with her.（taking作介词with的宾语）此外，动词的ing形式也可以与助动词be构成进行时态，表示正在进行的动作。
例如：- She is reading a book.（reading作进行时态的动词）需要注意的是，动名词（-ing形式作为名词）和现在分词（ing形式作为非谓语动词）在形式上相同，但在句法和含义上有区别。
非谓语动词动词ing形式
I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.
３.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
• They lived in a house facing south.
４.我看见那个男孩在吃苹果．
I saw the boy eating an apple.
5.她的工作是保持 房间干净
I intend to buy/buying an English-Chinese dictionary. 我想买一本英汉词典。
提示 应尽量避免接连出现两上动词-ing形式。 I am starting to learn Russian. 我开始学俄语。
避免说：I am starting learning Russian. 我开始学俄语
非谓语动词动词ing形式
2020年4月23日星期四
1.我看见那个男孩在吃苹果. I saw the boy eating an apple. 2.在树下坐着的那女孩是我姐姐. The girl sitting under the tree is my sister. 3.学习对现代生活很重要 Learning is important to modern life
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v-ing 形式
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A 动词-ing形式作主语
1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 百闻不如一见。
Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. 2 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主 语放在句末。
争论这事是浪费时间。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。
非谓语动词 动词 ing形式和动词 ed 形式
7.心理状态动词的-ing形式与-ed形式 所谓心理状态动词是指含有使动意义，使人产生某种情
感、心理变化的动词。例如：surprise使惊讶；interest使感 兴趣。它们的-ing形式含主动意义，-ed形式含被动意义。 皆可视为形容词。例如：surprising令人惊讶的；interesting 令 人 感 兴 趣 的 ； surprised （ 因 …… ） 感 到 惊 讶 的 ； interested（因……）感兴趣的。下面的句子可显示两者的 区别： The film is so interesting that they are all interested in it. She was much surprised at the surprising news.
2. ___C___by the advances in technology, many farmers have
set up wind farms on their land.
A. Being encouraged
B. Encouraging
C. Encouraged源自D. Having encouraged
的完成式表示发生在谓语动词suggested之前的 一个动作，由
句意可知不合题意。
5. 作状语： ①时间状语：Reading the letter, I couldn’t help thinking
of my school life. ②原因状语：Being ill, I didn’t go to school yesterday. ③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting
making
being made
非谓语动词-ing形式
主语
It is no use/good crying over spilt milk. It is of little good staying up too late every day.
表语
Your task is cleaning the windows. ＝Cleaning the windows is 说明主语的具体内容，主语、表语位 your task. Her first delight was going to 置可互换。 the Towel. ＝Going to the Towel was her
6．China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea. A．attacking B．having attacked C．being attacked D．having been attacked 解析 C 考查非谓语动词作补语。句意：最近，中国加强对黄 岩岛附近水域的管控，以防止中国渔船在南海受到攻击。 逻辑主语Chinese fishing boats与非谓语动词之间为被动关系，排 除A、B两项；D项是被动语态的完成时不符合句意，故答案为C项 7．Pressed from his parents，and that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A．realizing B．realized C．to realize D．being realized 解析 A 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：由于来自父母的压力 而且意识到自己已经浪费了太多时间，那个男孩决心 停止玩电脑游戏。逻辑主语the boy与动词realize之间为主动关系 根据语境可知非谓语动词在句中作原因状语，而不是表目的，故答
非谓语动词动词ing形式
v-ing 形式
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A 动词-ing形式作主语
1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 百闻不如一见。 Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. 2 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主 语放在句末。 争论这事是浪费时间。 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 必 背 动词-ing形式作主语的几个常用句型。 It‘s no good talking to him. 和他谈话是没有用的。 It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. 给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。 It‘s worth making an effort. 努力一下是值得的。 There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
1. 一般式:表示这个的动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生. 2. 完成式:强调这个的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前完成. 如:他们有说有笑地走出教室 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 由于已经在这个城市住了三年,她对它非常了解. Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well.
语态 主动语态 时态 一般式 (not) doing
被动语态
(not) being done
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5. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks __________ could be heard outside the classroom. (2007全国II) A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close 6. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area __________. (2007陕西卷) A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair
（1）作主语： Seeing is believing. Talking is easier than doing. Being praised is a great pleasure . His being late again made the teacher angry. –ing作主语时，同不定句式作主语一样吗，如果其 结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后 置。如： It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.
育才中学
（3）作宾语： ①作及物动词的宾语。 She likes drawing very much.； ②作某些短语动词的宾语。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York.； ③ do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表 示“做…事”之意，如： We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon?
育才中学
• • • • • • • •
be exposed to 暴露于/遭受/接触… be compared to被比喻成 compare… to…把…比成… be/become /get accustomed to/accustom oneself to惯于,有….习惯. be engaged to和…订婚 get down to着手做 lead to 导致 put one’s mind to全神贯注于
育才中学
• • • • • • •
come close to几乎Fra bibliotek将近 reply to 回答 add to 增加 add up to加起来 turn to转向,求助于 feel up to能胜任 look up to向上看,尊敬…
育才中学
• admit to承认 He admitted to having broken the glass. • belong to • take to喜爱,开始 • She has taken to drinking recently. • cling to 附着/坚持 • fall to 开始 After supper we fell to discussing politics.
非谓语动词小结（二） ing形式
ing形式
动词 形式
一般式 完成式
语 及物动词make
主动语态 making
having made
态 不及物动词go
主动语态 going
having gone
被动语态 being made
having been made
注意：not要永远放在ing前面
育才中学
-ing形式的基本用法
育才中学
• • • • • • • • • •
give rise to 引起 give birth to 生育 look forward to盼望 pay attention to注意 stick to坚持 attend to 处理,照料 see to 负责 contribute to对…做贡献 make contributions to对…做贡献 apply oneself to致力于
The letter we were looking forward to _____ yesterday. A. coming B. came C. come D. has come
育才中学
练一练
1. If you think that treating a woman well means always __________ her permission for things, think again. (2006湖南卷) A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting 2. Isn’t it time you got down to __________ the papers? (2006n重庆卷) A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking
育才中学
to 作介词的短语动词
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be/get/become used to 习惯于 be given to 沉溺于 be related to和…有联系… be addicted to沉溺于…；对…上瘾. be opposed to/ object to 反对 be devoted to/devote oneself to 献身于,爱… be admitted to被…录取 , 准进入 be reduced to/reduce… to沦为, 使…沦为. He was reduced to begging in the street. 他沦为沿街乞。 育才中学
• • • • • • •
be attached to附属于,爱慕,爱恋,敬仰 be adjusted to/ adjust to/ adjust oneself to适应 be adapted to/ adapt oneself to适应 be known to为…所知 be married to和…结婚 be sentenced to被判处 be connected to和…连在一起
育才中学
练一练 1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？ -___ her new bicycle.（1997上海） A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 2. ________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending
“我无法忍受和简在同一个办公室工作，她在工 作 的时候总是不停地说话。”
8. John was doing fine. Everyone regretted______ out of school at such an early age. A. him to drop B. his dropping C. it to drop him D. to drop him
育才中学
例句赏析： Fancy having a fool like that for a husband! 试想找这么一个傻瓜做丈夫! Between astonishment and joy she couldn’t help bursting into tears. 她惊喜交集禁不住放声大哭起来。
育才中学
④作介词的宾语： Her sister is good at learning physics. I often fish for hours without catching anything. ⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语： This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾 语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如： We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?
育才中学
3. The parents suggested __________ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. (2006上海卷) A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept 4. After he became conscious, he remembered __________ and __________ on the head with s rod. (2006江西卷) A. to attack; hit B. to be attacked; to be hit C. attacking; be hit D. having been attacked; hit
育才中学
下列动词要用动名词作宾语
admit/appreciate/avoid/consider(考虑)/discuss/ dislike/deny/delay/enjoy/excuse/escape/fancy/ finish/forgive/imagine/keep/keep on/mind/miss/ mention/practise/prevent/postpone/put off/ pardon/report/risk/resist/suggest/understand …