大学综合英语三选词填空翻译答案unit5
大学体验英语综合教程三翻译与选词填空
大学体验英语3期末知识点Unit5-unit8翻译1.为什么人们要在旅行上花费这么多的时间和金钱呢？Why is it that people spend so much time and money on traveling?2.乘飞机旅行又快又安全，难怪是旅行者的首选Traveling by air is quick and safe. No wonder it is a popular choice for travelers3.我们学校的大部分学生都选了网页设计这门课，计算机中心里白天晚上都挤满了人。
Most of the students in my collage have enrolled in the course of web page design and the computer center is always filled with people day and night.4.我一直梦想着朋友遍天下。
多亏了网络，我的梦想终于实现了。
It has always been my dream to have friends all over the world. Thanks to the Internet, my dream has come true.5.网上免费的信息，方便的交流，诱人的游戏，这就是互联网Free information on-line, convenient communication with friends, attractive games, this is what the Internet is all about.1. 他悲叹一声，对我们说他年轻时也曾风光一时。
（with a sigh / have seen a better day）He breathed/heaved a sigh of sorrow and told us that he had seen a better day when he was young.2. 他有极强的责任感，这就是为什么他被选中掌管这个项目。
大学综合英语三答案Key to Unit 5,Bk 3 doc
Unit 5Part I Listening TaskScript for the recording:"Go ahead. Play. Let me see you run!" Mimi (my Aunt Mary) cheered us on. I was seven or eight years old, playing with my cousins in the back yard of my grandmother's house. Mimi was probably 30-something at the time and in her wheelchair, where she'd been since a spinal disease struck at age thirteen.She loved to see us run and play. Occasionally, when she was out of her chair, we'd ask if we could sit in it and wheel ourselves around. She always said, "No, use your legs! Be happy you can walk and run. Go ahead, let me see you."She knew we were blessed, and we learned from her to appreciate the gifts we took for granted. Mimi knew she was blessed, too —with love, with family, and in particular with a mother and father who made sure she was cared for and lived a full life, when her doctors said she would not. Mimi lived a spirit of gratitude and shared it.I'm thankful to have had wonderful role models growing up, people like Mimi, who taught gratitude by being grateful.Listening Practice1) cheered us on 2) cousins3) wheelchair 4) struck5) Occasionally 6) wheel ourselves around7) took for granted 8) she was cared for and lived a full life9) gratitude 10) wonderful role modelsAfter Listening1. being grateful / thankful (for what she had)2. gratitude / grateful; don’tPart II Reading TaskComprehensionPossible answers to content questions:1. He wrote them on a ship on the way to the island of Tulagi in the South Pacific on Thanksgiving Day, 1943.2. Preparing a traditional Thanksgiving dinner featuring roast turkey made the writer extremely busy.3. The writer was thinking about Thanksgiving.4. He decided to write letters to show gratitude to those who had helped him in his life.5. He had always accepted what they had done for him, but never expressed to any of thema simple "Thank you."6. He decided to write to his father, his grandmother, and the Rev. Lonual Nelson, his grammar school principal.7. His father had impressed upon him from boyhood a love of books and reading.8. He remembered that each morning Nelson would open the school with a prayer over his assembled students.9. He recalled how his grandmother had taught him to tell the truth, to share, and to be forgiving and considerate of others. And he thanked her for her delicious food and for all the wonderful things she had done for him.10. His reading of their letters left him not only astonished but also more humbled than before, because they all thanked him rather than saying they would forgive him for not having previously thanked them.11. The writer learned that one should learn to express appreciation for others' efforts.12. The writer wished for all people the common sense to achieve world peace, and find the good and praise it.Text Organization1.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-9 On Thanksgiving Day 1943, as a youngcoastguardsman at sea, the writer came up with the ideaof expressing his gratitude to people who had helpedhim before.Part Two Paras 10-16 The writer wrote three thank-you letters to his father, theRev. Nelson and his grandmother.Part Three Paras 17-23 The writer got three letters in reply.Part Four Paras 24-26 The writer wishes everyone to find the good and praiseit.Language Sense Enhancement1. 1) decades 2) undergoing3) had done wrong 4) welcome reassurance5) appreciated 6) brought back7) relatives 8) accomplish9) consume 10) representingVocabularyI. 1. 1) sprinkled 2) in turn3) reversed 4) repay5) at sea 6) traditional7) statement 8) longed for9) in secret 10) unloaded11) weep 12) under way2. 1) stretch out 2) make out3) hope for 4) turns (it) over5) put away 6) brings back7) got to 8) go about3. 1) As supplies of traditional fuels diminish, people are working to increase the use of solar energy.2) We accord high priority to meeting the challenges of economic and environmental development in the region.3) While it is true that children of today are exposed to more information than were children of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated.4) Since she borrowed those books from the library she has been immersed in British history and culture.5) Everything changed in a flash on June 1, 2000 when he lost both legs in a serious traffic accident.4. 1) I'd like to express my sincere thanks to everyone who has been so considerate of my well-being. My heart is filled with gratitude that words cannot express.2) After everyone assembled on the playing field amid the noise and excitement of the spectators, our coach again impressed on us the need to do our best in quest of excellence.3) Everything I saw in my hometown was marvelous. I could hardly believe that it had undergone such swift changes through cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers and the rest in the past few years.II. Collocation1. fond of2. sick of3. thoughtful of4. confident of5. conscious of6. critical of7. guilty of 8. ashamed ofIII. Usage1. To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than what they say.2. It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve your success.3. Ann made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.4. I think I'll stay at home this evening rather than go / going out.5. Most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan / planningfor them.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.1) at sea 2) Turning over3) reverse 4) got to5) repay 6) gratitude7) assembled 8) immersed in9) unloading 10) swift2.1) Instead 2) possessions3) richer 4) breath5) cherish 6) special7) specific 8) shining9) miracles 10) giftII. Translation1.1) Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.2) I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.3) The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.4) Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.5) Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyerto act on your behalf when you need legal help.2.Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying "Gratitude is the sign of noble souls" and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.Part III Home Reading TaskComprehension Check1. b2. d3. d4. a5. d6. aTranslation(参见Appendix III)Language Practice1.1) e 2) g3) b 4) d5) h 6) f7) c 8) a2.1) consistency 2) favorable3) compassionate 4) perceived5) volunteers 6) Negative7) cut off 8) on a…basis9) on average 10) per11) concrete 12) enhancingPart IV Comprehensive Language PracticeModel papersDear Dad,It's Thanksgiving and of course my thoughts are turning home to you. Looking out over the ocean I find myself thinking about how much I owe to you. Yet I have never got round to telling you just how thankful I feel towards you for all you have done for me. There are so many things, I don't know where to start and would never get to the end once I begin. But if I had to pick just one thing it would perhaps be the love of books and reading I learnt from you. Those after-dinner quizzes at the table about the books we had just read and the new words we had picked up, I can see them in my mind's eye as if it were yesterday. Not many are as lucky in their father as I am. So, simply, thank you.Your loving son,AlexDear Rev. Nelson,I am writing this on board my ship. It is Thanksgiving. My thoughts have been turning to all those who have done so much for me in the past and how I have never taken the time to thank them properly. Naturally, you were among the first to come to mind. You were, quite simply, the very best teacher a child could wish for. You gave us so many different gifts, but, if I were forced to choose one, then it would be your morning prayers at assembly at the start of each day. Whatever positive things I have done since can often be traced to the impression left by thoseprayers. For that guidance and all the other things I was lucky enough to learn from you, I shall always be in your debt.Your affectionate student,Alex HaleyDear Grandma,Here I am, on board my ship, and a thousand miles away from your wonderful cooking on Thanksgiving! Standing here at the rail, looking out at the sunset, I've been turning the meaning of Thanksgiving around in my mind and come up with the idea that it is just the time to be giving thanks to those we owe them to. And who better to start with than you? How could I have grown up without your help? You always found just the right way of showing me with those wonderful stories of yours the importance of telling the truth, of sharing and forgiving, of being considerate of others. Quite simply, you sprinkled my life with stardust. Thank you.Love,Alex。
大学综合英语三选词填空翻译答案
Unit 2一、填单词1、China’s economic success over the past three decades has raised the living standards of hundreds of millions of Chinese citizens. 中国在过去三十年取得的经济成功提高了千百万中国人民的生活水平。
2、Citibank(花旗银行) picked the chief executive of as its first Chinese customer Thursday to open an account at its new branch in thehistoric Peace Hotel along Shanghai’s fabled waterfront. 花旗银行星期四选择了易唐执行总裁作为它新分行的第一位中国开户客户，该分行在位于上海外滩著名的和平饭店内。
3、The United States last Wednesday imposed tariffs of up to 30 percent on a range of foreign steel imports to help protect its domestic industry. 美国上星期三对外国进口钢材征收30 %的关税以保护国内钢产业。
4、Although he was raised as a Christian, he’s not really very religious.虽然他被当做一个基督徒被养大，但他不是非常虔诚的宗教信徒5、You can distinguish between frogs and toads in the following way: frogs have slender bodies, long limbs, and a smooth skin, and toads have stouter bodies, shorts limbs and dry skin. 你可以从以下方面区分青蛙和蟾蜍：青蛙身体细长，四肢很长并且皮肤光滑，而蟾蜍身体粗壮，四肢短，皮肤干燥。
大学体验英语综合教程3（第三版）选词填空答案
⼤学体验英语综合教程3（第三版）选词填空答案Unit 113. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where n ecessary.1. The essayist's Ian guage expresses rich and subtle _________ meanin gs.2. The stockbrokers ________ were overtaken __________ by the sharp drop in the stock market last Tuesday.3. Biologists have estimated that there are around one milli on ani mal and pla nt________ species ________________ livi ng in the rai nforests.4. In the United States the cost of living has been steadily rising for the past few decades5. The quickly grow ing compa ny has ambitious pla ns to expa nd bey ond n ati onalboun daries6. That computer store is hav ing a sale of _____ audio _______ software; let's go and have a look.7. To be safe, you'd better put on your dark glasses to avoid the sun shi ningdirectly ________________________ in your eyes.8. When the kitche n is fini shed rm going to _______ focus _____ my atte ntio n on the garde n.9. In a serious _________ tone ______ , the doctor warned him to keep off sugar.10. She ________ cupped ______ her hands around the mug of hot coffee to warmthem.6. Fill in the bla nks with the words give n below. Change the form wheren ecessary.1. The theories of relativity have made ___ fundamental ___________ cha nges in our views of the uni verse.2. That is our ________ ultimate _________ proposal, and no other cha nges will becon sidered.3. The forest fire was found to be _____ sparked ________ b y a cigarette end.4. The speaker had _______ apparently _________ no ticed that his topic was n't popular with the audie nee, so he quickly en ded his speech.5. I've no _______ patience ________ with people who are always complai ning of theirmisfort une.6. I have n ever imag ined that I would be the object of such curiosity7. The doctors tried to __________ c onvince _______ her that she did n't n eed to be in depressi on about her health.8. The police asked him to describe the accide nt in every _____ detail9. The quality guarantee and good after-sale services will certainly meet withpositive ________ responses ______________ from the con sumers.10. The story "Harry Potter" (has) stirred ____________ the imag in ati on ofchildre n throughout the world.Unit 36. Fill in the bla nks with the words give n below. Change the form where1. I don't think that the amount of study ing you did in high school would besufficie nt to ______ attain _________ good marks in uni versity.2. Because of the impact of poor sales in other Asia n coun tries, there has bee n a____ modest ________ decrease in house sales in China this year.3. Some young people find computer games so _____ attractive ________ that they can hardly pull themselves away to tend to other matters.4. The victim was able to give a ____ precise ________ descripti on of the drunken driver, which was rather helpful to the police.5. Some non-gover nmen tal orga ni zati ons are pla nning a public ____ campaign to awake n people to the problem of no ise polluti on.6. The cost of produci ng a tube of toothpaste is about 3 yua n, so we will ___ market __________ it at 5.50 yua n.7. Mike is now the director of a factory which ____ m anufactures __________ canned food.8. Ple nty of football and basketball clubs are eager to _____ sponsor ________ young athletes if they show great promise.9. The sweaters are made of wool ____ imported _________ from Australia.10. Accord ing to a rece nt survey, youths are begi nning to have a lot of in flue neeon the products and brands ________ their pare nts choose.Unit 46. Fill in the bla nks with the words give n below. Change the form where n ecessary.1. A hacker attacked an e-commerce marketplace site. This is the latest in astring ___________ of on li ne break-i ns in which credit card nu mbers were stole n.2. The prese nee of IBM's CEO caused a stir _______ of exciteme nt on the campus.3. Brow n's comme nts on the project caused un expected con troversyover the budget.4. To combat _______ poverty in the city, millio ns of dollars have bee n spe nton training the un employed workers.5. You will be overweight if you con sume excessive _________ amounts of fat.6. The effective impleme ntati on of en vir onmen tal laws and _____ regulations is the resp on sibility of the local gover nment.7. Trust your _______ i nstinets ________ and do what you thi nk is right.8. After 20 hours of non-stop party ing, a han dful of the bravest or most __ reckless _________ men will risk their lives in a three-mi nute dash from six fight ing bulls.9. The _____ prohibition__________on street begg ing will be in force n ext mon th.10. The court gave the heavy senten ce, resp onding not to the facts but to the____ irrational _________ public fear.Unit 56. Fill in the bla nks with the words give n below. Change the form where1. Being the son of a professor does not _____ qualify ______ him for the scholarship con siderati on.2. The police suspect that it was Joh n who (had) committed ____________ the murder.3. So far, the new man ager has give n little _____ hint _____ that he won't be any differe nt from the former one.4. From all the in dicati on s, it is safe to assume _______ that the prices of carswill go dow n by large margins.5. Some of his in structi ons are outdated and others are too vague ______ to be un derstood..6. The local dialect sounds a little peculiar _________ to the people from the n orth.7. The failure of the movie haste ned her decisi on to ____ retreat _______ f rom the glamorous screen and spend more time with her family.8. The woma n's headache _______ puzzled ______ the doctor; he could n't find thecause.9. The state has laws that protect con sumers aga inst fraud or ___ misleading sales practices.10. He tried to explai n the complicated theory to me, but I got eve n more _ Confused _________ by the tech ni cal terms in his expla natio n. Unit 66. Fill in the bla nks with the words give n below. Change the form where1. The mayor is scheduled to meet his America n ____ counterpart ________ duri ng his 7-day visit to San Fran cisco.2. Mr. Wils on is quite satisfied with his new secretary because she's much more____ efficient ______ tha n the former one.3. I felt great ______ relief ______ whe n I heard I had passed the exam in ati on.4. The regulati ons are so vague _______ that they lead to misi nterpretati on.5. Chin ese and mathematics have always bee n the ____ c ore ______ subjects in primary and sec on dary schools in China.6. You are expected to get to the in terview punctually ___________ or a fewminu tes early.7. Gett ing tired of her part ner's all-talk -no-act ion approach __________ , she decided to take the action all by herself.8. For the purpose of economy _________ , Mary decided to take lunch box towork every day.9. You could not be exempted from the puni shme nt because there can be no exception to the rule.10. Strife at home would in vite dan gers from abroad.Unit7con fusi on creep curl deepen exposeni ghtmare pulse somewhat throb ulter1. As I came to know more about classical music, my love for it _ deepe ned2. The soldiers in the ope n field _ were exposed _to the en emy's gunfire and many of themgot killed or woun ded.3. I saw a little girl ___ curled ___________ up comfortably in an armchair read inga childre n's magaz ine.4. The long climb up the hill made our heart __ _ throb _________ .5. For many years, the September 11 attack on the World Trade Center in NewYork will remai n a _ _ ni ghtmare ______ for the America n people.6. Don't bother about him. What he has said is __ utter _ nonsen se.7. The explosi on at the crowded market place caused great __ con fusi on _inthe small tow n.8. The doctor felt the patie nt's _ pulse _on her wrist and the n took hertemperature.9. After the inten sive trai ning, they became __ somewhat _____ more con fide nt than they used to be.10. The sight of the rats running about in the house made my flesh__creep __.。
大学英语第三册UNIT5全文翻译对照
Writing Three Thank-You LettersAlex Haley1 It was 1943, duringWorld War II, and I was a young U. S. coastgu ardsma n. My ship, the USS Murzim, had been under way for several days. Most of her holds contain ed thousan ds of cartons of cannedor dried foods. The other holds were loadedwith five-hundred-pound bombs packeddelicat ely in paddedracks. Our destina tion was a big base on the islandof Tulagiin the South Pacific.写三封感谢信亚利克斯·黑利那是在二战期间的1943年，我是个年轻的美国海岸警卫队队员。
我们的船，美国军舰军市一号已出海多日。
多数船舱装着成千上万箱罐装或风干的食品。
其余的船舱装着不少五百磅重的炸弹，都小心翼翼地放在垫过的架子上。
我们的目的地是南太平洋图拉吉岛上一个规模很大的基地。
2 I was one of the Murzim's several cooks and, quite the same as for folk ashore,this Thanksg ivingmorning had seen us busilyprepari ng a traditi onal dinnerfeaturi ng roast turkey.我是军市一号上的一个厨师，跟岸上的人一样，那个感恩节的上午，我们忙着在准备一道以烤火鸡为主的传统菜肴。
新标准大学英语_综合教程3_课后答案unit 5
Unit5Active reading (1)Language points1 It was snowing heavily … not just to track down the last-minute presents, but to escape the bittercold … (Para 1)To track down means to find something or someone after a long search.At Christmas many people give a lot of thought to find the right gift and buy presents well in advance,others wait and buy something at the last opportunity on Dec 24th to buy the last-minute presents.A place in society Unit 51572 He was not yet enjoying the Christmas spirit ... albeit a working dinner at Joanne’s. (Para 2)The word albeit is used for introducing a comment that slightly changes or reduces the effect of a previousremark, like even if it is / although …3 He was from a hard-working family in upstate Virginia … (Para 2)The word upstate means the place is in the northern part of a particular state in the US.4 But his demeanor concealed a Harvard law degree and an internship in DC witha congressman, ajunior partnership in a New York law firm, along with a razor-sharp intellect and an ability to thinkon his feet. (Para 2)Partnership refers to the position of being one of two or more people who own a company as partners.A junior partner is a newer or younger partner who has less responsibility or fewer shares than a seniorpartner.A razor-sharp intellect is a very intelligent mind, which is quick to think and react; it is as sharp as a razor.The ability to think on one’s feet means being able to think quickly in unexpected situations.5 Senator Rogers was a Democrat … who knew Capitol Hill inside out but who had neverthelessmanaged to keep her credibility with her voters as a Washington outsider. (Para 3)To know something inside out means to know something very well.A Washington outsider refers to someone who is outside the central groups or members of political circlesin Washington and is therefore possibly independent.Senator Rogers was in her third term of office (ie she had been a senator for at least eight years) and sheknew the Senate and the government institutions in Washington thoroughly. Still, she had kept an imagewith voters that she was an outsider (ie she had not been affected negatively by knowing Washington toowell or by becoming too much like other politicians).6 She was pro-abortion, anti-corruption, pro-low carbon emissions andanti-capital punishment, asfine a progressive liberal as you could find this side of the Atlantic. (Para 3)The prefix pro- means in favour of something or someone. The prefix anti- means against. Pro-abortion,anti-corruption, pro-low carbon emissions and anti-capital punishment, all of these examples have beenseen as important political issues in the US, which are debated in political campaigns and thereforepoliticians are generally expected to take a position on them. For example, Senator Rogers was in favourof reducing carbon emissions – the output of CO2 into the atmosphere, because she was aware of thenegative effect of high emissions on climate change.A progressive liberal is someone who believes in social or political change if most people want it,especially change that makes a system fairer.The expression this side of the Atlantic refers to North America. The other side of the Atlantic would be inEurope, and vice versa for speakers in Europe.7 It was election time in the following year, and the word was she was going to run for the Democraticnomination. (Para 3)The expression the word was means there was s ome talk that …, or people were saying that …Unit 5 A place in society158The Democratic nomination here refers to the official approval of a candidate for the president bythe Democratic party. The nomination takes place officially during the Democratic convention beforea presidential election campaign. Up to that point, there are candidates who run or compete for thenomination, later the Presidential candidates run for President. There are parallel processes in theRepublican party.8 He’d never been to Joanne’s … which had often been maligned, or its jazz orchestra, which had aguest slot for a well-known movie director who played trumpet, but because of the stellar qualityof its sophisticated guests: politicians, diplomats, movie actors,hall-of-fame athletes, journalists,writers, rock stars and Nobel Prize winners – in short, anyone who was anyone in this city of powerbrokers. (Para 4)To malign means to say unpleasant things about something or someone, usually unfairly.A guest slot refers to a guest appearance as a particular occasion in a series of performances orprogrammes.The expression anyone who is anyone means any really important person or someone with a well-knownname.Power brokers are the people who control or influence which people get political power in an area.The sentence means he knew the reputation of the restaurant for its famous guests; its reputation was notfor its food or live music (which included a jazz orchestra in which a famous film director sometimesplayed). The guests included politicians, diplomats, actors, journalists, writers, musicians and scientists –anyone who is well-known in Washington, a city in which many people are powerful or influential in thegovernment.9 Inside, the restaurant was heaving with people. (Para 5)The expression heaving with people means crowds of people are pushing and pulling, moving up anddown.10 “Good evening Miss Bacall, good evening Mr Hanks,” and clicked his fingers to summon anotherwaiter to show them to their table. (Para 8)Miss Bacall and Mr Hanks may be oblique references to film stars Lauren Bacall and Tom Hanks.To click one’s fingers means to make a noise with one’s fingers as a signal to summon or call someone.11 The head waiter blinked, and swallowed hard. (Para 22)To blink means to close and open one’s eyes quickly. Here, this shows surprise.To swallow hard means to make a movement in the throat as if swallowing food. Here this showsembarrassment – Alberto realized he has made a mistake.12 In a classless society, Rogers was the closest thing to aristocracy that America had. (Para 23)America has a reputation for being classless, ie it doesn’t have such social classes as European countriesare supposed to have. This means that there are no people like aristocrats, but Senator Rogers was sodistinguished that she seemed like an aristocrat, or very nearly an aristocrat.13 Alberto hovered for a moment, then went to speak to a colleague. (Para 23) To hover means to wait or stay for a moment while somebody decides what to do. This shows that he orshe is unsure for the moment.A place in society Unit 5159Reading and understanding2 Answer the questions.1 Where and when is the story set?The story is set in Joanne’s, a famous restaurant in New York on Christmas Eve.2 Who is Josh?Josh is a smart, hard-working lawyer in his early thirties. He is anAfrican-American.3 Why does he go to Joanne’s?He has an appointment at Joanne’s.4 Who is Jo Rogers?Jo Rogers is a senior Senator in Washington and a well-known person in America.5 How does the head waiter greet Josh?He greets Josh very badly. He has a disdainful, superior attitude towards Josh and behaves rudely.6 Where does he eventually seat him?At the back of the restaurant, close to the bathroom, near a half-opened window through which an icybreeze is blowing.7 What does everyone do when Jo arrives?Everybody becomes silent and turns to look at her and greets her with silent applause.8 What suggestion does the head waiter make?He suggests that they should sit at a better table in the middle of the restaurant, from which she can seeeverybody, or everybody can see her.9 Does Jo accept the invitation?No, she says the waiter brought her friend to that table, so they will stay there.3 Choose the best summary of the passage.Teaching tipsAsk Ss to give reasons why the other two summaries are not the best ones. Please see comments below.1 It’s Christmas time, and a young man comes into a very busy restaurant. The head waiter shows him to atable by an open window. A little later a well-known politician comes in and says she is dining with theyoung man. The head waiter suggests moving them both to a more comfortable table, but the politiciandeclines the offer, saying that she’s happy to stay there if her friend is happy there too.Comment: It summarizes some of the points. But the final sentence is wrong: The Senator doesn’t giveany conditions about staying at the table, she just says they will stay where the waiter seated her friend.2 A well-known politician arranges a meeting with a young man. She wants him to help her in her electioncampaign to become US President. They arrange to meet in a crowded restaurant, where they can speakinformally. The waiter doesn’t recognize the young man, and seats him at the worst table in the room,but when the politician arrives he realizes his mistake, as he knows the two need to be comfortable todiscuss politics.Comment: This is partially wrong and fails to capture the main idea, they arrange to meet at Joanne’sbecause it is a famous restaurant.Unit 5 A place in society1603 When a young black man arrives in a crowded and expensive restaurant, the head waiter makes him sitin the least comfortable place, even though a table has been booked for him and a “Ms Rogers”. WhenMs Rogers arrives, the waiter realizes that she is a well-known politician; and Ms Rogers realizes thather friend has been treated badly because of the colour of his skin. The waiter realizes his mistake too,and tries to make up for it, but it is too late.Comments: This is the best summary because it captures the main point about the treatment of Josh.The passage does not actually state that he was treated badly because of thecolour of his skin, but it isimplied and in the context it is likely to be the point of the story. Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.Teaching tips• To vary the way of doing the activity, ask Ss to work in pairs. Student A randomly picks a word in thebox and asks Student B about the meaning. Student B listens and finds the appropriate answer amongthe definitions. The point is that Ss should interact with each other. For example:A: Can you tell me the meaning of “sophisticated”?B: Yes, just a moment … it means knowing and understanding a lot about a complicated subject.That’s No 3.A: OK, thanks. (writes 3 beside the word)• In order to give the class an example, T may ask one pair to repeat the dialogue to the class. Theyshould try to speak fluently.1 money or goods that you give to an organization, especially one that helps people (donation)2 involving or done with a lot of energy, effort, attention etc (intense)3 knowing and understanding a lot about a complicated subject (sophisticated)4 supporting social and political change that aims to make a system fairer (progressive)5 capable of doing something in a satisfactory or effective way (competent)6 a new member of a company or an organization, especially someone who has recently joined (recruit)7 to deliberately make someone feel frightened, especially so that they will do what you want (intimidate)8 to experience or deal with something, especially a problem (encounter)5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.There are two big political parties in the United States: the Republican party, which is traditionallythe more conservative of the two, and the Democratic party, which is said to be more (1) progressive.One of the most interesting and (2) intense moments in American political life is the election campaignwhich comes before the presidential elections. Both parties need a lot of money to pay for the campaign,for which they rely on (3) donations made by individuals and organizations. Theyalso need a lot of new(4) recruits to work on the campaign. These people are usually young, intelligent and hard-working,(5) competent in their jobs and not easily (6) intimidated, since they are likely to (7) encounter a lot ofproblems which have to be resolved quickly. But they also need to be highly (8) sophisticated, to beable to understand what the American people want, and to communicate with them through the style andorganization of the election campaign.A place in society Unit 5161Additional activityWhen Ss have completed Activity 5, ask them to work in pairs and prepare a brief presentation forCultural Encounters, a slot in a Chinese TV show which gives insights into other cultures around theworld. Each pair should discuss and think of an interesting way to present the information in Activity 5, eg tomake it an interview, a conversation, or a monologue to the camera. Ss will need to introduce the informationand make conclusions using their own words. Choose one or two pairs to make presentations. For example:A: And now it’s time for Cultural Encounters, a brief look at cultures around the world. Today we sharesome insights into election campaigns in the US … I am with Miss Xie who is from Washington DC,the city at the heart of American politics. So, Miss Xie, can you tell us about the two main politicalparties?B: Yes. There are two big political parties ...A: And what about the election campaigns?B: The election campaigns are certainly one of the most interesting and intense moments in Americanpolitical life ...A: And I gather the parties use volunteer recruits?...A: Well, that’s all for now. Thank you very much, Miss Xie. Please join us again next time for CulturalEncounters when we will be taking a look at the Brazilian carnival in Rio de Janeiro …6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 She’s a pleasant young woman, who is always very good company. (agreeable) She’s an agreeable young woman, who is always very good company.2 I’m afraid the reasons he gave me for not coming to the meeting were silly and unreasonabe. (laughable)3 It is important to fight dishonest and illegal behaviour by officials. (corruption)4 It’s freezing out here, I’m shaking with cold. (shivering)5 You might find someone to help you in the office, but I’m not sure. (doubtful)6 The attendant moved his shoulders up to suggest that he didn’t know the answer. (shrugged)7 Don’t be so annoyed because the service is slow, you won’t miss your flight. (impatient)8 The sound of people clapping at the end of the Senator’s speech lasted for five minutes. (applause)7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.Teaching tipsAs an efficient way to go over the answer, choose nine Ss and assign each one a number. Each studentthen gives the answer in the form of a complete sentence. T just calls out the numbers and say nothingunless there is a problem.1 If you track down something, do you (a) find it, or (b) lose it after a long search?2 Does someone who thinks on their feet make decisions (a) quickly, or (b) slowly?3 If you know something inside out, do you know it (a) only in part, or (b) very well?4 If you are in the running for a job, do you have (a) some chance, or (b) no chance of being chosen?5 Is a hall-of-fame athlete someone who will be (a) quickly forgotten, or (b) remembered for a long time?6 If the market is heaving with people, (a) is there a crowd of people there, or (b) are there not manypeople there?Unit 5 A place in society1627 If you summon someone, do you want them to (a) come to see you immediately, or (b) go away?8 If you refrain from doing something, do you (a) do it, or (b) not do it?9 If there is a flurry of activity, do a lot of things happen (a) all at once, or (b) over a long period of time?Active reading (2) Language points1 The company sent one of their engineers … where he was introduced to a small Saudi engineeringfirm … (Para 1)The word Saudi is the adjective about the country of Saudi Arabia, used to describe the people and relatedmatters, but not the language. Its language is Arabic, spoken as the major language in the Middle East andNorth Africa.2 This annoyed Johan nesson and his superiors … but the Saudis wanted the intermediary to be there.(Para 1)An intermediary is a go-between (Para 4, Line 6), someone who talks to each of the people or groupsinvolved in business or other matters, usually passing information from one to the other or trying topersuade them to agree with each other. So this person mediates between them.3 Just when Johannesson’s superiors started to doubt the wisdom of the corporation’s investment inthese expensive trips, a telex arrived from Riyadh ... (Para 2)To doubt the wisdom means people are not at all sure about the judgment or decision.4 When he came to Riyadh it appeared that the conflict was over a minor issue and could easily beresolved … (Para 3)A conflict could be resolved. Apart from resolving a conflict, other collocations worth noting are thatconflicts can be solved, settled or handled. Problems can lead to, create or provoke conflicts or become asource of conflict, and conflicts might be avoided, averted or prevented. Unit 5 A place in society1685 This is known in cultural anthropology as the extended family. (Para 5) The extended family is usually the wider family members of a married couple and children, withgrandparents and perhaps uncles, aunts and in-laws who live together or are in regular contact. The nuclearfamily (Para 6, Line 9) is a married couple and their children only, in the classical definition in sociology.6 The “we” group is distinct from other people in society who belong to “they” groups, of which thereare many. The “we” group (or in-group) is the major source of one’s identity …(Para 5)The in-group is the “we” group to which people feel they belong to first for their identity. Thecomplementary group is the out-group or the “they” group to which the in-group may sometimes beopposed, or at other times the in-group is just a tighter group within many larger out-groups.Reading and understanding3 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 Who was Johannesson?(a) A businessman with good contacts in Saudi Arabia.(b) An engineer who lived in Saudi Arabia.(c) An engineer working for a Swedish company.(d) A 30-year-old Swede with a British university degree.2 Why was he sent to Saudi Arabia?(a) To work for a Saudi engineering firm.(b) To work on a project funded by the Saudi government.(c) To take the place of a Swedish engineer who was already there.(d) To learn about Saudi customs and traditions.3 Why wasn’t he happy about the meet ings with the Saudis?(a) The Saudis spent too much time laughing and joking.(b) The trips to Saudi Arabia were long and tiring.(c) The Saudi brothers didn’t speak good English.(d) Another Swedish man was always present.4 What happened after the contract was signed?(a) Johannesson lost his job with the Swedish corporation.(b) The Swedish businessman returned to Sweden.(c) The attitude of the Saudis towards Johannesson changed.(d) The Swedish corporation stopped doing business in Saudi Arabia.5 Why was Johannesson sent to work in a different division?(a) As a reward for getting the contract with the Saudis.(b) Because he wasn’t suited to work with the Saudis.(c) Because he had become too friendly with the Saudis.(d) Because he had got too frustrated by the experience in Saudi Arabia.6 Why was he asked to return to Saudi Arabia?(a) The corporation wanted him to start a new project.(b) There was a lot of new work to do so two people were needed.(c) The engineer who replaced Johannesson fell ill and had to go home.(d) The Saudis trusted only Johannesson to sort out a small problem.A place in society Unit 51694 Work in pairs and answer the questions.1 Why don’t Saudis like doing business with a company?They want to work with an individual that they know and trust.2 Which type of group is a company: a “we” group or a “they” group?A company is a “they” group unless it is a small company.3 What type of family is there in a collectivist society?Families in co llectivist societies are usually “extended”, ie they consist of a larger number of peopleliving closely together.4 How does an in-group give people protection from the hardships of life? By being a focus of loyalty and through the help that members give to each other.5 In what type of society is there nuclear family?In individualist societies.6 Why aren’t people supposed to be dependent on a group in an individualist society?They are supposed to be able to stand on their own feet.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 support that you always give to someone or something because of your feelings of duty and lovetowards them (loyalty)2 to give someone the ability or opportunity to do something (enable)3 a company that sells the same goods or services as another company (competitor)4 a written legal agreement between two people or businesses that says what each must do for the other orgive to the other (contract)5 the control and operation of a business or organization (management)6 money used in a way that may earn you more money (investment)6 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.A Does your company do a lot of business abroad?B Yes, it does. We’ve recently signed a number of (1) contracts in the Middle East.A So you’re making a major (2) investment in that area?B Yes, we are. We also have a lot of (3) competitors in our line of business, so it won’t be easy.A Have you ever thought of working for one of them?B Not really, I’ve got a certain amount of (4) loyalty to my own company. I think that I’ve been treatedrather well by the (5) management. And if things go well, the new project I’m working on should(6) enable me to get promotion quite quickly.Additional activityActing on the radioWhen Ss have completed the activity, tell them it is time to perform as radio broadcasters. Ask them toread the whole conversation in pairs with as much fluency as they can, like reading a radio script. Later,Unit 5 A place in society170after Ss have practised for a short time, ask one pair to perform to the class. T has to introduce theirperformance as an extract from a radio script. Finally, ask the class for any comments: Did it sound like aradio broadcast? How could the actors improve their reading?7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box. You mayneed to make other changes.1 These 2,000 words form the most basic part of the English language. (core)2 Some British people think belonging to the European Union is vital to the UK’s national interests.(membership)Some British people think membership of the European Union is vital to the UK’s national interests.3 The process of sending the books may take up to two weeks. (delivery)The delivery of the books may take up to two weeks.4 They said they would cancel the contract if they weren’t paid by next Thursday. (threatened)They threatened to cancel the contrac t if they weren’t paid by next Thursday.5 Can’t you see the positive side? You always spend time talking about the bad things. (dwell on)6 Your inner strength will enable you to overcome life’s obstacles. (prevail over)Additional activityVocabulary challengeThis activity aims to encourage Ss to use the words in Activity 5 and Activity 7 productively. Ask Ss towork in pairs and think about the words in the box. Ask them to make one sentence that includes all thewords in the box. After a brief period of time, ask a few pairs to tell the class their examples. The classlisten to each example carefully and check whether all the six words are used. Finally, the class decidewhich is the best sentence and might be said in the appropriate context – thismeans Ss have to imagine apossible context. And ask some Ss to repeat the best sentence.Example 1 (Activity 5):Several competitors all wanted the contract, but the management felt particular loyalty to just oneinvestment company so they enabled that company to win the contract. Example 2 (Activity 5):Personally, I don’t think you should enable your friend to make an investment just because of loyalty toa company with bad management; rather she should make the investment with a competitor and have aproper contract.Example 3 (Activity 7):I really don’t wish to dwell on the way the manager threatened to change the delivery date of the corematerials, because your arguments about membership of the trade organization prevailed over what hewas suggesting.Example 4 (Activity 7):We prevailed over our competitors who belong to the core membership of the European Union when theythreatened to dwell on endless discussion about the delivery of new services.8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 Does an intermediary try to get two people or groups to (a) agree, or (b) disagree with each other?A place in society Unit 51712 Is your successor in a job the person who comes (a) after, or (b) before you?3 If you have been nominated for a job, have you been (a) formally, or (b) only informally appointed?4 Is a go-between someone who (a) takes messages between two people, or (b) prevents them fromcommunicating?5 Is an individualist someone who (a) is, or (b) isn’t dependent on other people?6 If you can stand on your own feet, can you (a) look after yourself, or (b) see further than most people?7 Does parental advice come from (a) the government, or (b) your mother and / or father?Reading and interpreting9 Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1 The story in the passage is an example of (b) .(a) a clash between two people with very different personalities(b) the difference between an “individualist” and a “collectivist” approach to business(c) the problem which occurs when people do business in a foreign language(d) a failure to do business2 The fact that most people in the world live in collectivist societies means(c) .(a) people don’t like to be alone(b) people need a lot of help to bring up their children(c) putting the needs of a group first helps protect the individual(d) people are taught not to stand on their own feet3 An “in-group”, or “we” group is (c) .(a) people who work for the same company(b) other people of your own age in society(c) the group which gives you your identity(d) a group you choose to belong to4 Children in collectivist societies (b) .(a) grow up in small families(b) are likely to be very loyal to their family(c) prefer having a lot of people to help look after them(d) are controlled by their family5 Children in individualist societies (b) .(a) are unlikely to have many playmates(b) are likely to leave home when they become adults(c) find it difficult to have relationships with other people(d) think of themselves as members of a groupLanguage in useword formation: pro- and anti-1 Look at the sentence from the passage Dinner at Joanne’s and answer the questions.She was pro-abortion, anti-corruption, pro-low carbon emissions andanti-capital punishment, as fine aprogressive liberal as you could find this side of the Atlantic.1 If she was pro-abortion, was she in favour of or against the possibility of having an abortion?She was in favour of the possibility of having an abortion.。
综英第3册unit5练习答案
Unit 5Text ComprehensionI. CII. TTTFFIII. 1. Refer to Para.2-5. Professor DePaulo’s study suggests that lying is a common phenomenon and most of the lies we tell are small and insignificant. Meanwhile, as she points out, it is common that people take lies lightly: their lies have caused them little preoccupation or regret.2. Refer to Para.3. According to the passage, the purpose of telling lies or white lies varies: women tell lies according to the principle of caring, or to spare other’s feelings, and men tell lies basically for utilitarian self-promoting purposes.3. Refer to Para.7-10. The story of Tom supports the argument that little white lies are ubiquitous, and people have taken such lies for granted, believing that they are well-intended. When he consulted with Michael Josephson, the reply is very negative: his mother-in-;aw may feel hurt when she discovers the deceit some day. Or even worse, she may question: "And what else have you lied to me about?〞In short, such white lies may produce mistrust among people.4. Refer to Para.12-15. The consequences of lying are three-fold: the deceived may feel cheated and won’t trust the liar any more; the liar will lose trust and get entangled in the lies he fabricates; and, if lies proliferate endlessly, society as a whole would falter and collapse as trust is damaged or destroyed.5. Refer to Para.16. Not all white lies are unacceptable. Some falsehoods like setting somebody up for a surprise party or telling children about the tooth fairy can be justified. However, you have to consider the attitude of the deceived towards lying and the consequences, i.e. whether your act will undermine his trust in you.IV.1. When we start to tell a lie, we have entered a very intricate situation, as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex that it ensnares the liar.2. One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to make moral right and wrong judgments is dulled, and he may become less cautious against being caught.3. The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake of love and care at the expense of trust, according to the ethicists.Vocabulary<Pp. 83-84>I. 1. earth-shattering→ very important/shocking/traumatic2. spare the other’s feelings→avoid hurting the other’s feelings/ avoid doing something that would upset the other person3. shaping or spinning the truth →telling the truth with a favorable emphasis or slant/modifying the truth4. a slippery slope→a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong, or disastrous5. at all costs/ at any cost→under any circumstances/ whatever might happenII. 1. supportive 2. perceived 3. prevarication 4. astounded5. undermine6. faltered7. fibs8. volunteeredIII.<Word Derivation>1> unethicalethic n.→ ethical a.→ unethical a.伦理学是哲学的分科.Ethics is a branch of philosophy.他的行为不太道德.His behaviour has not been strictly ethical.2>feignedfeign v.→ feigned a.有些动物遇到危险时便装死.Some animals feign death when in danger.他大发雷霆,不知是真的还是假的.He was consuming with indignation, real or feigned.3>unsparingspare v.→ sparing a.→unsparing a. → unsparingly ad.他们把男人都杀了,但放过了孩子.They killed the men but spared the children.尼任斯基对演技精益求精一丝不苟.Nijinsky was unsparing in his demands for perfection.他强迫自己拼命干.He drove himself unsparingly.4>cynicalcynicism n. → cynic n.→cynical a.他的话带着强烈的讽刺.His remark has a fine edge of cynicism.罗伯特是一个地道的怀疑主义者,他不会不假思索就相信任何事或任何人. Roberts is a real cynic; he won't accept anything or anyone at face value.他们逐渐感到所谓##制度也不过尔尔.They’ve grown rather cynical about democracy.5>confoundedlyconfound v.→confounded a.→ confoundedly ad.他的所作所为让她感到既惊愕又困惑.His behaviour amazed and confounded her.你真讨厌死了！You’re a confounded nuisance!天气太热了.It’s confoundedly hot.6> lubricatedlubricate v.→lubricant n.我需要润润嗓子.My throat needs lubricating.我们使用哪种润滑剂,主要取决于轴承的转速如何.The sort of lubricant which we use depends largely on the running speed of the bearing.7>entangledtangle v.→tangle n.→entangle v.她的头发让带刺的铁网缠住了.Her hair got all tangled up in the barbed wire fence.他的财务状况是一笔糊涂帐.His financial affairs are in such a tangle.她的长发让玫瑰丛给钩住了.Her long hair entangled itself in the rose bush.8> Willfulwill n.→willful a.我被迫违心地在协议上签了字.I was forced to sign the agreement against my will.只要人有恒,万事皆可成.A willful man must have his way.IV. <Phrase Practice>1> The governor is trying hard to ________ the scandal. cover upcover up:put sth. over sth. else so that it cannot be seen; prevent people from discovering mistakes or unpleasant factse.g. 他忘了把机器盖起来.He had forgotten to have the machine covered up.你怎么能掩盖自己的错误呢？How can you cover up your mistake?2> Samantha was amazed when late one evening, Adam _______ that he loved her. blurted outblurt out: say sth. suddenly and tactlesslye.g. 我还没来得与阻止,他已冲口说出了这个坏消息.He blurted out the bad news before I could stop him.3> He claimed that he had been ________ after drugs were discovered in his suitcase. set up set up:make sb. feel healthy and full of energye.g. 你喝杯热饮料马上就精神了.A hot drink will soon set you up.4)Did you ever ________ why the man deserted his wife and four children? find outfind out:get information, after trying to discover it by effort or by chancee.g. 弄清楚合同的条件是什么.Find out what the conditions of the contract are.5)Wind and water slowly ________ the mountain’s jagged edges. wear downwear down:reduce or become weaker until uselesse.g. 这一策略旨在逐步削弱敌人的抵抗力.The strategy was designed to wear down the enemy's resistance.6)They are going to a restaurant which ________ Mexican food. specializes inspecialize in:give particular attention to <a subject, product, etc.>e.g. 其实我们专营此项产品已有多年历史.In fact, we specialize in this in with a long history.7) A modest scholar never ________ have exhausted his subject. professes toprofess to: claim <sth.>, often falselye.g.我并不自诩是这一问题的专家.I don't professto be an expert in this subject.8)The press ________ them ________ their breakthroughs in the research into the causes ofcancer. complimented oncompliment…on…: express of praise, admiration, approval, etc.e.g. 我们大家都夸他勇敢.We all complimented him on his courage.V.Synonym / Antonym1.But there is evidence that this attitude towards casual use of prevarication is common.●Synonyms: evasion, equivocation2.Ninety-two per cent of the teenagers admitted having lied to their parents in the previousyear, and seventy-three percent characterized themselves as "serial liars,〞meaningthey told lies weekly.●Synonyms: chronic, repeated3.Little white lies have become ubiquitous, and the reasons we give each other for tellingfibs are familiar.●Synonyms: common, prevalent, omnipresent4.Tom dislikes her "special〞pumpkin pie intensely.●Antonym: slightly5.How often do we compliment people on how well they look, or express our appreciationfor gifts, when we don't really mean it?●Antonyms: insult, reproach, criticize6."Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen;the liar's perception of his chances of being caught may warp.〞●Synonym: distort7.Still, the endless proliferation of these little prevarications does matter.●Synonyms: growth, multiplication8.Or will he feel his long-term trust in you has been undermined?●Antonyms: strengthened, consolidatedVI. 1. called off→ cancelled 2. get over→ overcome 3. abide by→ follow4. was reduced to→ fell into5. dress it up→ make it more acceptable6. brood over→ feel unhappy about7. ruled out→ removed from consideration8. set…by→ reserve for future usePp. 85-87语法练习答案：I. 1. probability 2. possibility 3. intention 4. possibility5. necessity6. possibility7. obligation8. probabilityII. 1-5 CCBAD 6-10 BDBAAIII. 1. He can’t have told us everything 2. Something must have gone wrong.3. She can’t be only thirty years old.4. They may not know yet.5. The road could/may have been closed.6. The police must know that.7. There may/could have been a traffic jam. <We don’t use "can + have done〞in a positive statement>8. The letter could/may arrive today.9. That will/must be my mother. 10. There should be time to do some shopping.IV. 1. When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends.1.When heated, metal expands.2.If true, it will cause us a lot of trouble.3.Whenever possible, they should be typed.4.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.5.Send the goods now, if ready.6.If necessary, ring me at home.7.He glanced about as if in search of something.V.1. discussing; having reached 2. paying 3. Lying; sitting4. to pacify; to be pacified; grumbling5. repeat; to make; to do6. going; stay7. to see; to avoid; hitting8. to arrive; rising9. doing 10. to make; to seeVI. 1. according to "根据……；按照……〞e.g. You’re all put into different groups according to your ability.According to my dictionary, there are several meanings for that word.2. whether…or not "是否〞e.g. Whether you like or not, it’s going to happen.They will leave whether you agree or not.Translation<P. 88>I. 1. 十分惊人的是,这些无数次说谎的人称,说谎并没有使他们十分纠结或后悔.2. 尽管承认说谎,91%的反馈者称"对自己的道德和性格还是感到满意〞.3. 毫无疑问,这些"好心的谎话〞是无害的、善意的,也是一种社交必需的润滑剂.4. 如果你没有把握,马克·吐温给了我们一条经验法则：拿不准的时候,就说实话,实话会迷惑敌人,震惊朋友.II.1．当哈姆雷特拿不定主意该采取什么行动时,他就装疯.<feign>Explanation: If someone feigns a particular feeling, attitude, or physical condition, they try to make other people think that they have it or are experiencing it, although this is not true. Translation:Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating what to do.Practice:装病﹑装疯﹑佯作无知feign illness, madness, ignorance2. 搪塞推诿是这生意人的惯用伎俩.〔prevarication〕Translation: Prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman likes to employ.3.真理之光有时刺目,于是善意的谎话随处可见.<ubiquitous>Explanation: If you describe something or someone as ubiquitous, you mean that they seem to be everywhere.Translation: Sometimes the light of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies are ubiquitous. Practice:餐厅里吸烟的烟雾就没有地方躲得过去吗?Is there no escape from the ubiquitous cigarette smoke in restaurants?他可以看到那些无处不在的电视摄像机.He could see the ubiquitous TV cameras.4. 美国许多妇女声称她们对自己二等公民的地位感到不满.<profess>Explanation: If you profess to do or have something, you claim that you do it or have it, often when you do not. <FORMAL>Translation:Many women in America profess that they are unhappy with their status of second-class citizens.Practice:她自称对那事一无所知.She professed total ignorance of the matter.他声称对该阴谋毫不知情.He professed that he knew nothing about the plot.5. 一时冲动之下,他失言抖出了秘密. 〔blurt out〕Translation: On the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the secret.6．你应该摆脱偏见,抵制诱惑,不让任何东西扭曲你的判断.<warp>Explanation: Warp means causing sb./sth. tobecome biased, distorted or perverted. Translation: You should get rid of any prejudice, resisttemptations and let nothing warp your judgment.Practice:他受私心影响判断不确.His judgment was warped by self-interest.历史常为偏见所曲解.Histories are often warped by bias.7．他是一个过于敏感和富于想象力的人,经常在头脑里编织一X复杂的网络. 〔a tangled web〕Translation: Being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled web in his mind. 8．他在伙伴中很受欢迎,因为他总是设法不去麻烦别人.<spare>Explanation:If you spare someone an unpleasant experience, you prevent them from suffering it. Translation: He is very popular among his peers as he always tries to spare others any trouble. Practice:他没当她的面说她丈夫的不是,以免使她难堪.He spared her embarrassment by not criticizing her husband in front of her.III.美国有调查表明,大多数人处于不同的原因,在不同程度上说过谎.有时,他们说谎是为了让别人高兴.比如：装出积极的态度来肯定朋友或配偶,实际上他/她内心却没有如此认可.有时,他们说谎是为了提升自己.这种情况现在越来越普遍了.有时,是为了避免伤害别人,当未加粉饰的实情难以接受的时候更是如此.有人则把说谎看作一种必要的社交润滑剂.不管怎么说,说谎都是为了掩饰实情.关于说谎,不同的人有不同的观点.有些人认为,假话,即便是看上去无害的假话,也可能带来预料不到的后果.一个人说了第一个谎话之后,他就需要说更多的谎话来掩饰最初的谎话,最后会变成沉重的精神负担.一位哲学家警告说,如果一个人说谎,他就〔等于〕把自己置于一个溜滑的斜坡上,因为他的心理障碍减轻了. 但是,另外一些则认为,我们不必不惜一切代价去避免所有善意的谎言,因为一个善意的谎言可能仅仅是用牺牲信任而去换取关心和爱护而已.对此你持什么观点呢？Exercises for Integrated Skills1.DictationChildhood is less clear to me than to many people:/ when it ended I turned my face away from it/ for no reason that I know about,/ certainly without the usual reason of unhappy memories./ For many years that worried me,/ but then I discovered/ that the tales of formerchildren are seldom to be trusted./ Some people supply too many past victories or pleasures/ with which to comfort themselves,/ and other people cling to pains, real and imagined,/ to excuse what they have become./ I think I have always known about my memory./ I know when it is to be trusted/ and when some dream or fantasy entered on the life,/ and the dream, the need of dream,/ led to distortion of what happened.2.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate. 〔点击填答案的横线以后出现正确答案〕Honesty is not praised much these days. We pay it some lip <1> ________, of course, and we tell our children to be honest in their dealings and with their feelings. But many of us would <2> ________ have our children be shrewd than honest. We want them to learn how to be suspicious, how to protect themselves, and how to ward <3> ________ fast-talking people and nicely packaged, well-advertised distortions of reality. "Chumps,〞as I once heard the term defined, <4> ________ "people who go out of their way to be taken <5> ________ of〞—and we don’t want ourselves or our children to be chumps. Therefore we hesitate to praise honesty too <6> ________, or to encourage it at the expense of common sense, or expediency or the pressures of practicality and the "real world.〞Even experts in interpersonal <7> ________ tell us that too much honesty can destroy a relationship. Honesty now looks like a dubious virtue <8> ________ not an actual vice. It is studied and examined as a stratagem rather than <9> ________ a hallmark of character.Despite our contemporary discomfort with too much honesty, the quality remains central to our <10> ________ codes and counsels. Deceptions subvert the moral life, and destroy the foundations of our social arrangements. Whatever basis for humane communion is to be found in <11> ________ principles of respect for persons or faith in God is eroded by our failures to treat each other as persons worthy of being told the <12> ________.Keys:1. service2. rather3. off4. are5. advantage6. much7. relations 8. if 9. as 10. moral 11. either 12. truthHints:<1> It’s a set collocation with the word lip.<2> It’s a set phrase with the word would.<3> It’s a set phrase with the word ward.<4> Here the subject and object are both in plural form, so the link verb should also be in plural form.<5> It’s a set phrase.<6> An adverb is expected to modify the predicate.<7> In this prepositional phrase a noun is missing, and we can get this noun from the context. <In the same sentence.><8> A conjunction is needed here.<9> A same structure is needed after than.<10> From the next sentence we can get this adjective which can be used to modify codes and counsels.<11> This is a set collocation which contains the word or and implies a choice.<12> A noun is expected and from the whole text we can get the meaning of this noun. WritingEssayWriting: How to Write a Descriptive EssayDescriptive essays strive to create a deeply involved and vivid experience for the reader. Great descriptive essays achieve this effect not through facts and statistics but by using detailed observations and descriptions.A good descriptive essay has to:●give a vivid perception of the subject of description,●include all the smallest important possible details,●deliver the emotional background of the described subject,●i ndicate the author’s emotional response caused by the subject,●eliminate every single irrelevant detail,●gradually reveal different aspects of the subject in each paragraph.SampleThe door to my study is nearly always closed. It's the place I go to read and work in tranquility. Today, however, I'm inviting you in for a visit.As you open the door, notice the Guatemalan crucifix with its bright gold and maroon flowers; it joyfully reminds me to dedicate my work to God. Although the room is small, I hope you find it cozy. A big cheerful window lets in the morning sunshine, which saturates the room with its warmth and embraces us with light. Birds chirp outside, beckoning you to enter.An old-fashioned doctor's desk with brass drawer handles sits in front of the window, its wood full of nicks from many careless moves and tow once-teething puppies. May I introduce you to Ralph, my friendly computer, who sits on top of the desk? When I turn him on, he'll crackle "hello" and blink an inviting amber command on the screen. That's my dog Chico under the desk, snoring in harmony with Ralph and the birds.Against the left wall are my book cases, sagging with the wise weight of cheap paperbacks and a few expensive gold-spined volumes interspersed. A bronzed Indian chief in a watercolor squints knowingly at us from the wall. Won't you have a seat in the tattered old green armchair nestled in the other corner? I know you smell the freshly perked coffee. I made it specially for your visit. Use my favorite cup there on the tray; it's the one with red and blued balloons around the rim.Stay as long as you wish, but when you're ready to leave, be sure to close the door behind you. I like the peaceful security of this, my own little world.Sample Analysis⏹This is a simple, but vivid and beautiful essay. The message is very clear.⏹It is notable that the description starts with the door and ends with the door, making thewhole essay a compact and consistent unity.⏹The description goes on largely by an order of space.⏹The writer firstly gives the visitor a general impression, or more exactly a mood, of thestudy.⏹In the paragraph that follows, the description turns to smaller and specific objects.⏹Then, the observation goes sideways to the bookcases, the watercolor painting on thewall, the armchair in the corner, and the cup on the tray. That is a natural order andmovement of observation.⏹It is equally noteworthy that he makes a general comment on the study in the concludingparagraph: a peaceful security and his little world.PracticeWrite a description essay on the following topic: The Mona Lisa.Sample:The Mona Lisa is perhaps Leonardo DaVinci's most famous of paintings. It is an oil painting, painted on poplar wood. The painting is most famous for the smile of the woman, which people have been trying to decipher for a long time. Many believe that the portrait is that of DaVinci himself, while many also place a lot mystic connections with this painting.The portrait depicts a woman's bust, with a distant landscape that is visible in the backdrop. Leonardo used a pyramid design to install the woman in a simple and calm manner within the painting. The woman is shown with her hands folded, with her breast, neck, and face painted the same color as her hands. The light is diffused so that the various curves and geometrical shapes on the painting are made visible through it.Perhaps the most interesting thing about the painting is the woman's smile. Many believe that it is innocent and inviting, while others believe it is that of smugness and is a smirk. Many scientific studies have been undertaken to determine the exact nature of the smile and the real reason remains a mystery. It is believed that every person sees the smile differently because of the changes in the lighting that Leonardo presented.The woman is shown seated in an open area, and behind her is a vast landscape, which recedes to an icy mountain. Some winding paths and a far away bridge is also perceptible in the background.The painting is an amazing one and one should definitely take a look at it in order to appreciate its full beauty. The painting is currently on display at the Musee du Louvre, in Paris.Text 2Questions for Discussion1.According to the author, in what line of work is honesty sacrificed for "greater needs〞?2.What, according to some doctors, is the fundamental principle of the medical profession?3.What are the negative effects of "benevolent deception〞on patients?4.How will the medical profession and its staff be affected by "benevolent deception〞?5.If you were a patient, would you like to know the truth that you would have only a fewmonths to live? And if you were a doctor, how would you break the news to your patient?Reference Answers1.In medicine, law, politics, journalism, etc., deception is practiced for ‘‘greater needs〞.2."As far as possible do no harm.〞3.The patients may feel betrayed, and their autonomy intruded. And they cannot makeinformed decisions about their health and life; and it can also prolong recovery and affect treatment.4."Benevolent deception〞may cause the erosion of integrity of the medical profession andaffect those that do not tell lies to their patients. It may even induce law suits and the endless process of litigation.5.Open question.。
上海交大版应用型大学英语综合教程 第3册 unit 5 课文翻译与答案
Unit 5Part 1 Language Skills Development1. StarterA. Lateral thinking quiz. Read the riddles and give your answers.1. John's mother has 3 children, two of whom are named April and May. What is the third one named? John.2. A mute person wants to buy a toothbrush. By imitating the action of brushing one's teeth he successfully expresses himself to the shopkeeper and the purchase is done. Now if a blind man wishes to buy a pair of sunglasses, how should he express himself? He simply opens his mouth and asks.3. A woman lives on the tenth floor of a block of flats. Every morning she takes the lift down to the ground floor and goes to work. In the evening, she gets into the lift, and, if there is someone else in the lift she goes directly to her floor. Otherwise, she goes to the eighth floor and walks up two flights of stairs to her flat. How do you explain this?The woman is of small stature and couldn't reach the upper lift buttons.Mind Maplateral thinking 水平思考，横向思维mute a.哑的；无声的，沉默的imitate n.模仿，仿效B. Listen to a passage and answer the following questions.1. Who was murdered 23 years ago?A 38-year-old woman was murdered.2. When did the murder take place?The murder took place on October 13, 1985.3. When did the victim die and what was the direct cause of her death?She died 18 days later from head injuries resulting from the attack.4. Who re-examined the case?The Cold Case Unit re-examined it.5. Who is the suspect and where is he now?One of the woman's ex-boyfriends is the suspect. He is currently in custody.Tapescript:Police Solve 23-year-old Murder CaseMore than two decades after an Austin woman was found severely injured in her apartment, police are charging her ex-boyfriend with murder.Officials closed the 1985 murder case of then 38-year-old Austin resident, Natalie Antonetti.On October 13, 1985, Austin police were called to investigate an assault on a victim who was later identified as Antonetti. At about 5:15 a.m., Antonetti's roommate said she found her attacked and on the couch, bleeding from her head. Police said EMS transported Antonetti to the hospital, where she died 18 days later from head injuries resulting from the attack.The initial investigation went cold after authorities said they were unable to charge a suspect in this case. However, the case was re-examined in 2007 by the Cold Case Unit. In the examination, police said they followed up on an anonymous tip that was received that year.The 2007 tip produced more leads, which ultimately led to the charge of one of Antonetti's ex-boyfriends.Some 23 years later, the case was presented to a grand jury on June 10, and resulted in a charge for first-degree murder against Dennis Davis.Though Davis was previously interviewed at the time of the murder, he was never listed as a suspect. Police said he is currently in custody awaiting a hearing.Mind Mapassault n.侵犯人身（罪）couch n.长沙发EMS 紧急医疗服务（emergency medical service）Cold Case Unit 悬案组anonymous tip 匿名举报lead n.线索custody n.拘留，拘押Info Box1. Detective storyThe traditional elements of the detective story are: (1) the seemingly perfect crime; (2) the wrongly accused suspect at whom circumstantial evidence points; (3) the bungling (搞得一团糟) of dim-witted police;(4) the greater powers of observation and superior mind of the detective; and (5) the startling and unexpected denouement, in which the detective reveals how the identity of the culprit was ascertained. Detective stories frequently operate on the principle that superficially convincing evidence is ultimately irrelevant. Usually it is also axiomatic that the clues from which a logical solution to the problem can be reached be fairly presented to the reader at exactly the same time that the sleuth (侦探) receives them and that the sleuth deduce the solution to the puzzle from a logical interpretation of these clues.The first detective story was The Murders in the Rue Morgue by Edgar Allan Poe, published in April 1841. The profession of detective had come into being only a few decades earlier, and Poe is generally thought to have been influenced by the Mémoires(1828–29) of François-Eugène Vidocq, who in 1817 founded the world’s first detective bureau, in Paris.Poe’s fictional French detective, C. Auguste Dupin, appeared in two other stories, The Mystery of Marie Roget (1845) and The Purloined Letter (1845). The detective story soon expanded to novel length.The introduction of the mass-produced paperback book in the late 1930s made detective-story writers wealthy, among them the Americans Erle Stanley Gardner, whose criminal lawyer Perry Mason unraveled crimes in court, Rex Stout, with his fat, orchid-raising detective Nero Wolfe and his urbane assistant Archie Goodwin, and Frances and Richard Lockridge, with another bright married couple, Mr. and Mrs. North. In France, Georges Simenon produced novel after novel at a rapid-fire pace, making his hero, Inspector Maigret, one of the best-known detectives since Sherlock Holmes. Other writers who carried out the tradition of Holmes or broke new ground included Nicholas Blake (pseudonym of the poet C. Day-Lewis), Michael Innes, Dame Ngaio Marsh, Josephine Tey, Carter Dickson (John Dickson Carr), and P. D. James. After 1945, writers such as John Le Carré adapted the detective-story format to the increasingly popular spy novel.The Mystery Writers of America, a professional organization founded in 1945 to elevate the standards of mystery writing, including the detective story, has exerted an important influence through its annual Edgar Allan Poe Awards for excellence.2. Identical twinsIdentical twins develop from a single egg/sperm combination that splits a few days after conception. Their DNA originates from a single source, thus their genetic makeup is the same and the characteristics that are determined by genetics will be similar. Monozygotic twins are always of the same gender, except in extremely rare cases of chromosomal defect.同卵双胞胎即单卵双胞胎，是一个精子与一个卵子结合产生的一个受精卵。
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大学综合英语三选词填空翻译答案unit5
Unit 5
一、填单词
1、The cook put the meat on the plate, _sprinkled_ it with salt and pepper, wrapped the plate in aluminum foil and then placed it in the oven to roast. 厨师把肉放到盘子上,撒上盐和胡椒粉,再用铝箔包起来,然后放到烤箱中烘烤。
2、Every waking moment we talk to ourselves about the things we experience. Our self-talk, the thoughts we communicate to ourselves, _ in turn_control the way we feel and act. 每个时刻我们自诉着曾经的经历。
这种自我谈话，内心思想的自我交流反过来影响我们感觉和行为的方式。
3、John made everyone laugh when he got the words _reversed_and referred to himself as “my husband’s wife”
4、You can’t live a perfect day without doing something for someone who will perhaps never be able to repay you. 如果你未能给或许是无法回报你的人做点事的话, 你的这一天就是不完美的。
5、Because the Earth is a sphere, sailors _at sea_ only can view other ships to a distance of about 13 miles before those ships disappeared into the horizon.
6、Johnson dismissed _traditional ideas lightly as no good on several occasions. 约翰逊摒弃了这个传统理念，因为在好
些情况下不是很实用。
7、One tends to believe whatever one repeats to oneself sufficiently often, whether the _statement be true or false.无论是真是假，人们倾向于相信自己重复了多遍的话。
8、Susan told me numerous times how her sister longed for children.苏珊跟我说过很多次她姐姐特别想要孩子。
9、I don’t know what my roommate is up to because he does everything in secret_ either when I am away or when I am asleep. (Escaping Prison)
10、For economic reasons, shipbuilders have designed vessels that can be loaded and _unloaded_ in a minimum amount of time with minimum labor.
11、Laugh, and the world laughs with you; _ weep _, and you weep alone. 埃拉.惠勒.威尔科克斯Ella Wheeler Wilcox，(1850-1919）是十九世纪美国著名作家和诗人。
12、A national debate is now under way about the manner in which we as a society should protect our natural resources. 作为社会整体我们应如何保护自然资源的全国性讨论正在进行。
二、五个句子翻译
1、奶奶想当然地认为粮价要涨，所以买了许多大米。
Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a hot of rice.
2、我可以给你引用几个例子来说明她献身科学的精神。
I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.
3、20世纪80年代中国一些经济特区(zone)开始迅速发展起来。
The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.
4、两国关系的紧张部分是由最近的间谍事件(spy affair)引起的。
Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.
5、彼得已在一家律师事务所(law firm)当了多年律师，你可考虑请他做你的律师，当你需要法律援助时，由他代你行事。
Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.
三、Test B画线句子翻译
1、And in a follow-up study, those who found something to appreciate every day were less materialistic —less apt to see a connection between life satisfaction and material things.
后续的研究发现，那些每天都能找到感激之事的人较少追求物质享受——他们不大会把生活的满意度与物质财富联系起来。
2、The power of gratitude takes just a few minutes a day. But it requires consistency and an open mind — and dedication.
每天只需花几分钟工夫，感恩就会产生力量。
但是它需要始终不渝、心胸开阔以及奉献精神。
3、The gratitude journal makes you look at life in a positive, concrete way, reminding you of its interconnectedness in a fast-paced, impersonal world and how much others add to the quality of your life.
感恩日记使你以积极而又具体的方式看待生活，提醒你关注在这个快节奏的、冷漠的世界里生活的相互联系，以及他人在多大程度上提升了你的生活质量。
4、In a world where personal connections seem increasingly limited, and sometimes stressful when they do occur, gratitude resonates.
在一个人际联系显得越来越少而有时有了联系又非常紧张的世界里，感恩之情会激起回响。