大学英语第四册课后答案全集
大学英语第四册的课后答案
四、【多项选择】1、宋朝小报盛行的原因是什么？①封建皇朝内扰外患交叉，外兵入侵，政府内忧两派，有要战有要和，矛盾深，不相上下，没时间精力顾及。
（封建王朝内外内忧外患交加无暇顾及）；②精兵把首都攻陷了，宋朝两位皇帝被精兵推翻了，群龙无首；③南宋朝廷也是有令禁止小报发行，但有令不止；④涉及到人们与新闻信息需求有关。
金兵入侵后关系到每个人的身家性命，人们增加了对战争消息的需求。
2、怎样看待外国人在中国的办报活动？①在新闻业务方面：印刷、外形、编辑排版、突破（出现了电稿、号外、通讯、专职采访记者）、新文化和画报、副刊、广告及广告专栏；②提高中国人的文化素质；③有些是支持中国人革命，同情中国人，有的还对抗美援朝战争表示支持；④大量介绍西方的科学、政治、文化等对中国知识分子起到启蒙作用，为中国培养了众多革命者与改革人；⑤为资产阶级新闻事业的发展提供了经验，为后来中国人自己办报也提供了经验与借鉴，学到了办报的技术、方法，成为中国早期办报先驱，培养了许多优秀的办报人才。
3、明清京报所以能够长期存在（盛行）是因为什么原因？①与官报的内容完全相同；②得到封建统治者允许；③消息来源大多来源于内阁发布机关。
4、《万国公报》的主编是什么人？林乐知、李提摩太5、《申报》历任主持人有些什么人？美查、史量才、史咏赓6、梁启超办过的报纸有哪些？《新民丛报》、《时务报》、《中外纪闻》7、章太炎办过的报纸有哪些？《民报》《大共和日报》8、苏报案中被判刑的革命党人是什么人？章太炎、邹容9、《民报》的历任主编？胡汉民、章太炎、陶成章、汪精卫10、袁世凯直接控制的御用报纸是什么？①北京：《国权报》、《金刚报》、《亚细亚日报》；②上海：《神州日报》；③广州：《时敏报》；④长沙：《国民新报》（后改名《大中报》）。
11、于佑任办过的报纸有哪些？《神州日报》、《民呼日报》、《民吁日报》、《民立报》12、.民国初年三大名记者是什么人？黄远生、徐彬彬、刘少少13、改良派办报活动对我国新闻事业发展的贡献有哪些？①冲破了封建统治者的言禁，掀起了中国人办报的第一次高潮，迫使光绪皇帝下诏书允许和鼓励民间办报；②开政治办报的先河，提高了报业和报人的社会地位，以后政治家办报成了我国新闻事业的优良传统；③创造了报章新文体，影响了一代文风。
新编大学英语第二版第四册课后习题答案
Unit1vocabulary2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiori ty4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6 ) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency3. 1) Lively behavior is normal 2) Fast cars appeal to 3) diverse arguments4) I asked my boss for clarification 5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encourageme nt7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to be the focus/cent er of attention10) we buy our tickets in advance4. 1) certain/sure 2) involved 3) end 4) behavior 5) disciplining 6) agreed 7) in dividually 8) first 9) response 10) question 11) attempt 12) voice 13) directly 14) followed 15) troubleUnit2Step OneStep Two1) long-distance 2) upbeat 3) ever-ready 4) overdue 5) typewriter6) milestone 7) handwritten 8) uplifted 9) self-conscious 10) rag-eared 11) birthday 12) throughout 13) drawbacks 14) chairman 15) teenage3. 1) thrives 2) strategy 3) annual 4) deserve 5) spontaneous 6) sincer e7) investments 8) enterprise 9) follow up 10) characterized 11) ling ered12) acknowledged4. column 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C tough 1) D 2) B 3) E 4) F 5) C 6) A6. 1) searched 2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden 7) dumb8) subject 9) noise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreci ation14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strangeUnit31. Understanding the Organization of the Text1) Introduction (para 1)It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emo tions, and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patt erned by both heredity and culture.2) There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4)Supporting evidenceA. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2)i) Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning proces s.ii) The reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positiv e attitudes and go on to higher achievement.iii) Two examples:a. In many of the former all-women’s colleges, the boys were taking ove r the class-room discussions and active participation by women students h ad diminished noticeably.b. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been obse rved in law and medical school classrooms in recent years.B. Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyp ed gender roles. (para. 3)i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class.ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experi ment while the girls were given the task of putting the materials away.C. Gender-biased education is also reflected in the typical American teach er’ assumption. (para 4)i) The assumption: Boys will do better in the hard, masculine subjects o f math and science while girls are expected to have better verbal and rea ding skills.ii) Three examples:a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are sup erior to boys in math up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on.b. In Germany, all studies are considered masculine and it is girls who d evelop reading problems.c. In Japan, where early education appears to be nonsexist, both girls a nd boys do equally well in reading.3) The educational bias begins at home. (para 5)A. Supporting evidence:i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home in a much w ider area than girl preschoolers.ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical sk ills, while girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and wi th the desire to be approved of for their goodness and obedience to rules.B. The consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the tea cher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its c ontent, and more anxious about being right in their answers than in bein g intellectually independent, analytical, or original.C. Conclusion: Through the educational process that occupies most of the child’s waking hours, society reinforces its established values and turns o ut each sex in its traditional and expected mold.Vocabulary1. 1) genetic 2) assign 3) noticeably 4) approved 5) Bias 6) deprived7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraduate3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8) Bunit4Reading Comprehension1. 1) Introduction(para 1)It is introduced in the article how teachers and parents can encoura gecreativity in children.2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3)A. The strategy:To encourage children to spend time thinking and developing new id eas.B. The significance for adopting the strategy:If children can be taught to think creatively, they will be better able tofunction in tomorrow’s society.3) The definition of creativity (para. 4-5)A. Who successful students and adults are:Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems.B. What creative people can do:They can use what they have to produce original ideas that are good forsomething.4) A big problem in school (para. 6)The problem: Children can obtain and give back information, but can’t figureout ways to apply what they know in new situations.5) A new approach to teaching (para 7)A. The approach: Combining the basics with the activities where studen ts mustuse their imaginations.B. How to do so: By asking questions and meanwhile praising their ide as andnew thoughts.C. How to facilitate the process: To create an atmosphere in which the re is norisk in being creative-- a place where wild ideas are honored and val ued,never scorned or dismissed.6) Things parents can do at home to encourage creativity (para. 8-10)A. To involve children in decision making.B. To help children to understand the consequences of various decision s.C. To encourage them to talk out loud about things they are doing. Th e reasonfor doing so: Talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills.D. To show a sense of humor. The reason for doing so: Children can s eecreativity in its purest form.E. To give children choices from their earliest age.Examples:a. When they are very young, let them choose between two food item s forlunch.b. B. When they grow older, let them decide how to use their time or spendtheir money.Vocabulary3. 1) dismiss 2) consequences 3) promoting 4) applies 5) vital 6) scor ned7) conventional 8) original4. 1) consciously 2) innovative 3) unconsciously 4) determined 5) Imagi nation6) aware 7) control 8) created 9) extension 10) technique 11) vulne rable12) unfolding 13) joyful 14) gain 15) ApplyUnit5新编大学英语第二版第四册第五课练习答案Understanding the organization of the text1) Introduction (para. 1)Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good orbad ones.2) Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5)The author’s arguments:A. Athletes should not refuse the responsibility of being a role model whil eaccepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete.(para. 2)B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesn’t mean I am perfect. (para. 3)C. Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4)a. He influences people’s lives in a positive way.b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him.c. He displays the values like honesty and determination.D. Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can help reinforce what parentstry to teach their children. (para. 5)3) People sometimes expect so much that some athletes don’t want to be rolemodes. (para. 6-7)A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal.Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside JesusChrist. (para. 6)B. Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times.Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received about gambling.2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I can’t go anywherewithout being the center of attention and I can’t even buy amotorcycle I really want. (para. 7)4) Conclusion (para 8-9)The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad.A. It’s a great feeling to think you are part of the reason that a id decid ed to tryto be good.B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings.C. Charles Barkley is a good role model.Vocabulary2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far4) take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to8) look up to 9) Let’s face it10) you name it3. 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 5) outlived。
大学英语答案(第四册)
英语答案Unit 1III1 beneath2 disguised3 whistles4 restrain5 grasp6 longing7 praying8 faithful 9 pledge 10 drainIV1 tell …on you2 track down3 work it out4 picking on me5 reckoned with6 call on7 on his own8 get through9 in disguise 10 revolves aroundVG O D I K L B F A NVI1 advise2 level3 problems4 necessity5 skills6 experience7 solution8 value 9 tool 10 mannerVII1 air-conditioned(装空调的；有冷气的)2 handmade（手工制作的）3 thunderstruck（非常吃惊的）4 heartfelt（衷心的；诚挚的）5 data-based （基于数据的）6 self-employed（自主经营的）7 custom-built（定制的；定做的）8 weather-beaten（饱经风霜的）VIII1. well-informed（对……非常熟悉的）2 new-found（新获得的）3 hard-earned（辛苦挣得的） 4 soft-spoken（说话温柔的） 5newly-married（新婚的）6 widely-held（普遍认为的）7 well-meant （出于好意的）8 well-educated（受过良好教育的）IX1 no matter how different it may seem form any other substance2 no matter what a woman tries to do to improve her situation3 no matter what excuse he gives4 no matter what anyone else may think5 no matter how they rewrite historyX1 just as we gained fame in victory, we lost nothing in defeat2 just as the head teacher plays a significant role in the school, Jane playsa significant role f leader in the classroom.3 whoever was out there obviously couldn’t see him just as he couldn’t see them.4 she has been searching all her life for the perfect chocolate just as I have been searching for the perfect beer.5 you can make those kinds of comparisons just as you were doing the analyses a minute ago.XI1. No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.2. Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them.3. Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.4. If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.5. Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.6. Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.XII1. 每当有人帮了你，无论事情大小，无论他地位高低，你都应该对他说声“谢谢”。
大学新起点英语第四册课后答案全 精品
ContentsUnit One Music WorldDialoguePassage A Influential Classic Rock Bands and Performers (I) Passage B Influential Classic Rock Bands and Performers (II) Grammar 非谓语动词–动词现在分词和过去分词四级新题型练习Unit Two Childhood MemoryDialoguePassage A Investing in MemoriesPassage B TomboyGrammar 非谓语动词–动词不定式和动名词四级新题型练习Unit Three MiraclesDialoguePassage A Wonders of the World: the Building of 2006Passage B The Great PyramidGrammar 省略和倒装四级新题型练习Unit Four PlantsDialoguePassage A The Importance of Plans and Plant CommunitiesPassage B What Is a Tree?Grammar 虚拟语气（一）四级新题型练习Unit Five MilitaryDialoguePassage A West PointPassage B Special Operations Forces – An NCO Perspective Grammar 虚拟语气（二）四级新题型练习Unit Six LanguagesDialoguePassage A Did You Hear about?Passage B Language & Geographical EnvironmentGrammar 定语从句四级新题型练习Unit Seven BeautyDialoguePassage A Is Beauty in the Eye of the Beholder?Passage B Hair Care: Beautiful HairGrammar 名词性从句（一）四级新题型练习Unit Eight VirtuesDialoguePassage A The Importance of Being HonestPassage B How to Face ChallengesGrammar 名词性从句（二）四级新题型练习Unit Nine MediaDialoguePassage A Mass MediaPassage B The Influence of the MediaGrammar 状语从句四级新题型练习Unit Ten HistoryDialoguePassage A Ancient Chinese ReligionPassage B HistoryGrammar 动词的时态四级新题型练习Unit Eleven Cities and VillagesDialoguePassage A Theories of City LivingPassage B Illusions of Pastoral PeaceGrammar 形容词和副词四级新题型练习Unit Twelve ServicesDialoguePassage A The Art of Customer ServicePassage B A New Service on Its WayGrammar 动词的语态四级新题型练习Unit One Music WorldExercises to the textI. Answer the following questions:1. Elvis Presley is the first singer to expose mainstream America to something other than traditional family music.2. B ecause Elvis‟ songs sounded “too Negro” for white stations to air.3. Elvis‟ sound and his performance made him a controversial singer.4. they are John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Ringo Star, and George Harrison.5. They began their career in England, and when they came to America, they were already a huge success in the United States.6. In 1966, the touring days of the Beatles ended.7. Their very loud stance on drug use and war made them a controversial group.8. The Beatles were more popular than Jesus Christ.II. Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the given words:1. fundamental2. influential, influential3. successful4. opposition5. hesitation6. inspiration7. suggestive 8. innovative 9. loyalty 10. admirationIII. Put the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the meanings of the italic words:classic1. 我刚读过一本最佳的小说.adj. 经典的, 最优秀的2. 这是一个营养不良的典型病例.adj. 典型的3. 跑步是体育运动日程表中传统比赛项目之一.adj. 传统的4. 那场足球比赛堪称典范.n. 优秀的典范trace1. 警察不能发现歹徒的任何踪迹.n. 踪迹2. 他说话时毫不动感情.n. 极微的量3. 我查不到你提到的那封信.v. 查出4. 他追踪自己的世系上溯至一个古老的诺曼家族.v. 找出某事的根源while1. 我很快会返回.n. 一段时间2. 我们在机场阅读杂志消磨时间.v. 逍遥自在地度过(一段时间)3. 他做着功课就睡着了.conj. 当…的时候4. 我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢奶油的.conj. 而(用于表示对比或相反的情况) certain1. 他一定同意.adj. 无疑;确信2. 他们除非今天获救, 否则必死无疑.adj. 一定会来到, 发生; 有把握的3. 恐怖分子只有在某些条件下才释放人质.adj. 某种4. 她对我的态度有点冷淡.adj. 稍微有点act1. 帮助盲人过马路是做好事.n. 行为;举动2. 今晚有一场杂技表演.n. 表演3. 议会通过了一项法案, 规定这些娱乐是非法的.n. 法案4. 没有时间再说了, 我们必须采取行动.v. 做某事;采取行动credit1. 本商店不能赊购.n. 赊购2. 我不能接受任何荣誉, 所有的工作都是别人做的.n. 成绩;奖赏;称赞3. 谣言越传越真.n. 相信;信任;信赖4.英语课的学分很难取得.n. 学分IV. Complete the following sentences, using the expressions in the brackets:1. be traced back to a childhood accident2. had a great impact3. stand at the forefront of the computer software4. other than to ask me for something5. It is in the place that6. managed to take hold of the jug7. make this place a really beautiful roomV. Translate the following sentences into English:1. He denied any connections with the robbery.2. If one parent died, the family was likely to break up.3. I sat at the front of the cinema, but someone sat right in front of me and I could n‟t see anything.4. W hile I can understand what you said, I can‟t go along with you.5. It was on Saturday afternoon that we had the match.Passage BComprehension checkChoose the best answer to each of the following questions/ sentence(s):1. B2. D3. B4. B5. AGrammarExercisesI. Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the given words:1. done, involved2. invited, engaging3. escaped4. trying5. standing6. disappointed7. teaching, learning 8. assumed, having 9. working10. reported, knownII. Choose the best answer from the four choices to complete each of the following sentences:1. B2. B3. A4. A5. C6. B7. C8. A9. B 10. A11. D 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D16. B 17. B 18. D 19.B 20. C四级新题型练习ClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.1. C2. A3. B4. C5. D6. B7. C8. C9. B 10. A11. B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. A16. A 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. DUnit Two Childhood MemoryExercises to the textI. Answer the following questions:1. Because his uncle has died and the rest of the paragraph is the author‟s memory about his childhood.2. He might be seventy years old.3. They used to go to the sea to have their trips.4. He used to buy the railway tickets and write special programmes long before the day arrived so we began to look forward to the trip.5. For example, they had the annual ladies vs. gentlemen football match and so on.6. It would be an old sporting cup from a local junk shop.7. Neighbors and their children would also be invited.8. Because it is investing in memories.II. Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the given words:1. investment2. memorized3. behaviour4. wonderful5. humorous6. invitation7. choice 8. puzzled 9. complaint 10. competitionIII. Put the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the meanings of the italic words:cover1. 她双手掩面。
大学英语4学生用书课后习题-词汇原文答案
The Labor Party's electoral (竞选的) strategy, which was based on a tacticalwith other smaller parties, has proved successful.Answer: alliance2) The New York fire fighters' deeds in rescuing the September 11 victims were celebrated across the country.Answer: heroic3) By a of good luck, Genelle, who had been buried in the rubble (瓦砾) for more than 26 hours, came out alive.Answer: stroke4) My brother wasn't badly hurt, but he injured his leg and had to around fora few weeks.Answer: limp5) The aircraft was subjected to a test of temperatures of 65 degrees Celsius and plus 120 degrees.Answer: minus6) Tax incentives will be used to attract companies to the western of our country away from the east coast.Answer: regions7) The opening speeches sounded more like of war than offerings of peace.Answer: declarations8) After a three-day by the police, the terrorists who had seized the restaurant had to give in.Answer: siege9) Once we stepped off the plane and onto the prairie , we were greeted by a gust ofand biting wind.Answer: raw10) Attacks by enemy aircraft forced the tanks to from the city.Answer: retreat11) The harassing problems of the past few months on her health and there are shadows beneath her eyes.Answer: have taken their toll12) Workers who have to work on weekends are paid twice the normal wages.national holidays, they get triple pay.Answer: In the case of13) The endless public appearances and shaking of hands are an inevitable part of an election.Answer: campaign14) The government troops recaptured the city from the rebels two thousand casualties.Answer: at the cost of15) Production in many factories by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers' strike.Answer: has been brought to a haltUNIT21) Before Anglo-American westward , North America had been shaped by many other cultures.Answer: expansion2) After the United States entered World War II in 1941, General Motors (GM) ceased civilianautomobile production and started tanks, airplanes, weapons, and other war supplies for the Allied forces.Answer: manufacturing3) Warmer air is able to hold more water than cold air and so has a higher humidity.Answer: vapor4) In most communities in the United States, the local American Red Cross chapter has beenauthorized to certain local public buildings in times of emergency. Answer: take control of5) Traffic control establishes a set of rules and instructions that drivers, pilots, train engineers, and ship captains rely on to avoid collisions(碰撞) and other .Answer: hazards6) Since the launching of the first artificial in 1957, thousands of"man-made moons" have been rocketed into the Earth's orbit, each designed to serve a specific purpose or mission.Answer: satellite7) Telecommunications devices different types of information, such as sound and video, into electronic signals.Answer: convert8) Radio telescopes have provided valuable information about other stars and about thefields of other planets in our solar system, especially Jupiter's.Answer: magnetic9) At the beginning of the race, the runners were together on the track, but later some of them got ahead and left the others behind.Answer: bunched10) From the control tower, air traffic controllers coordinate aircraft movement bothand on the ground.Answer: in the air11) Further troubles developed in October 1995 when the tape recorder in the orbiter Galileothe "rewind" position for 15 hours, wearing out a section of the tape. Answer: got stuck in/was12) In 1978, at the beginning of the reform period, 11,000 Chinese students went abroad to pursue further studies.Answer: approximately13) The development of a newtool for detecting infectious (传染的) diseases is another step in commercialof the growing science of nanotechnology (纳米技术).Answer: application14) "Our routine on Mir (和平号空间站) rarely changed, but the days were notat all. I was living every scientist's dream," said one Russian astronaut.Answer: monotonous15) In 1885 the German engineer Gottlieb Daimler and the German inventor WilhelmMaybach a gasoline-powered engine onto a bicycle, creating a motorcycle.Answer: mountedUNIT31) The Smiths have always wanted their children to become warm-hearted human beingswho reach out to those in need.Answer: generously2) Racing takes everything you've got -- intellectually, emotionally, . Answer: physically3) Although the of the building hasn't suffered, the surface is badly damaged.Answer: structure4) Each suite on this floor has a removable that divides the room into a separate bedroom and living room.Answer: partition5) She appeared very nervous one evening. I asked her what was wrong, and shethat she had fallen in love with me.Answer: blurted out6) I looked at Tom's pictures and found some of them so amusing and funny that I couldn'thelp .Answer: chuckling7) He into his daughter's personal life so ruthlessly that she stopped telling him anything.Answer: pried8) Salespeople often try to learn about the needs of the buyer to make themselves more persuasive.Answer: prospective9) The Earth is 93 million miles from the Sun. If you took a that flies 625 miles per hour to the Sun, it would take 17 years to get there.Answer: jet10) Prof. Lee's eyes with enthusiasm as she talked about how her new teaching method worked in her College English class.Answer: sparkled11) In my senior year I writing a novel, but without much success.Answer: took a crack at12) To reduce weight, I am now learning to play golf with my business who is a golf semi-professional.Answer: partner13) She received an increase in pay and it has big in her attitude towards work.Answer: made a (big) difference,14) His goal is to get into the semi finals and it would be if he could go further than that.Answer: beyond his wildest dream15) The quantity of money in a country affects the level of prices, the rate of economicgrowth, and the situation on the job market.Answer: employment1 2 3 4 5 6 UNIT41)A society is a society composed of different ethnic groups or cultural traditions.Answer: plural2)When he lost his job, he got into .Answer: debt3)During this period a student normally attends courses in research methodology and isrequired at the end of the period to submit a demonstrating the results of his or her work.Answer: thesis4)Some hold that technological changes will lead to an increase in unemployment.Answer: inevitably5)For complicated and political reasons, these border areas are among the most lawless regions in the world.Answer: historical6) There are several for promoting people who do not have formal qualifications.Answer: precedents7) She criticized my writing but in a way that was -- I learned a lot from her.Answer: constructive8) People are very concerned about the effects that violent films may have on children.Answer: destructive9) Everybody, regardless of background, religion or personal beliefs, has the right to go about his or her life free from threat and attack.Answer: ethnic10) The of multimedia systems and digital telephone systems like ISDN will revolutionize desktop communications.Answer: combination11) In 1991, while the economies of industrialized countries were , the economies of many developing countries were growing rapidly.Answer: stagnant12) In his latest book he gives a detailed account of the events which shaped his.Answer: destiny13) Failure may motivate the bright and able child yet the child who is already doing poorly.Answer: discourage14) Young as he is, the child has developed the ability to look at things an adult.Answer: from the perspective of15) All patients in that group are alike medical .Answer: in the, senseUNIT51)I would prefer shopping online because it would be more convenient and save time.Answer: In a way2)A crowd gathered to watch the runners, their hands and urging them on.Answer: clapping3)Many older people experience problems with memory, and up to 10 percent of thehave memory problems significant enough to interfere with their ability to function independently.Answer: elderly4)The success of mechanics in discovering reliable and useful laws of nature suggested toGalileo and to later scientists that all nature is designed mechanical laws. Answer: in accordance with5)A exists for an import sales manager at our Paris office.Answer: vacancy6)We are waiting for his challenge. If he it, it will only confirm that he is the coward we think he is.Answer: funks7)It's dangerous to swim in the river here because the is so strong.Answer: current8)If you are aged over 18 and , it's safe to take the medicine.Answer: in good condition9)Plastics can be made hard as stone, strong as steel, as glass, light as wood, and elastic as rubber.Answer: transparent10)Coat the shoes with polish, then hard with a soft cloth to give a shine. Answer: rub11)It was probably just a joke to them, but it wasn't funny to me at all. Answer: spicy12)Michael's praise for my wife opened my eyes and taught me to show gratitude for herday-to-day heroism, which I had taken for granted.Answer: hitherto13)One purpose of both civil law and criminal law in the common law system is to respond toharmful acts by individuals.Answer: committed14)The waitress did bring us clean plates eventually, but .Answer: with (a) bad grace15)Some scientists believe that human beings are born with an for using their arms and legs to stay afloat, which, however, disappears within a few months after birth.Answer: instinctUnit 6:1)You can get a loan for essential household equipment such as a cooker and a heatingappliance2) Conventional medicine has concentrated mainly on the treatment of chronic〔慢性的〕and acute illness, and until recent years the role of preventive medicine has sufferedcomparative3) You should remember that a fridge doesn't kill bacteria; it only slows down the rate at.multiply4) When asked to do us a favor by showing us around the city, Jack said he was only too.oblige5) The town has been producing wool, cloth, and blankets since the 13th century and muchtoday is still founded on those industries.prosperity6) If you compare a striped〔有条纹的〕object with one that has a different kind of black andidentical.in reality7) He was sentenced to life imprisonment for his role in the hijacking〔劫持〕of a United Statesaircraft8) Since it would probably be a highly dangerous mission, the lieutenant called forvolunteersrestaurant into the night air.a handful of10) Despite the limitations of the official figures, they do provide some indication of thedistributionadjusted to hotter climates and drier soils, and above all, a reduction in population growth. faminecard?large quantities of/a large quantity of13) Malnutrition〔营养不良〕under five years old.widespread14) The World Bank has decided to grant Hungary a loan of 66 million dollars tostreamline15) Oil prices have soared to above thirty dollars a barrel, their highest level in a decade,provokeUnit7Ms. Thompson, the representative of our company, earlier this morning? We need your suggestions about it badly.faxedbig cities like Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou.boom3) To keep fit Mary used to run along the beach every morning but now, instead, shejogsleadership. The competition is hard.contending5) It is said the suspension bridge (悬索桥waters between the two islands will be the longest bridge in Asia.spancar. They believe this gets them closer to nature.hikingshould be answered before we move ahead.pertinentproblems.adolescentsas to get to know each other easier.tagsweavesupstairs.all of a suddenthese idioms.statistical13) It will be okay to hang the scroll (画轴) of Chinese calligraphy (书法) on the wall with astringdisapprovingrecursunit81) Science is built up with facts, as a house is with stones. But a collection of facts is no moreheapwas smeared3) For the sake of settling the financial problem they are faced with, they decided to call a meetingto discuss itin detaildissolveloosedstormed out of the meeting room.slappedby melting ice from the glaciers.hollowsmake it harder for anyone to solve.tangle9) Harriet wanted to become a significant literary figure. She read everything she couldget her hands onin the snow.darted11) As John was extremely worried about his wife's condition, he slept badly,thrashing12) The majority of birds that nest or feed on the ground walk by moving one foot forward atwhen on the ground.hopin flockstrack it has passed.illumineopaque。
新编大学英语4课后答案完整版
新编大学英语（第四册）习题答案Unit1 1. 1) A entertaining B entertainment C entertained D entertainer 2) A recognizable B recognized C recognition D 3) A tempting B temptation C tempt 3) A tempting B temptation C tempt 4) A reasoned B reasoning C reasonable D reason 4) A reasoned B reasoning C reasonable D reason 5) A analyzed B analytical C analyst D analysis 5) A analyzed B analytical C analyst D analysis 6) A valuable B valuation C valued/values D values 6) A valuable B valuation C valued/values D values 7) A humorist B humor C humorous D humorless 7) A humorist B humor C humorous D humorless 8) A understandable B understanding C understand D misunderstood 8) A understandable B understanding C understand D misunderstood 2. 1) a sense of responsibility 2) a sense of safety/security 3) a sense of inferiority 4) a sense of superiority 4) a sense of superiority 5) a sense of rhythm 6) a sense of justice 7) a sense of shame 7) a sense of shame 8) a sense of helplessness 9) a sense of direction 10) a sense of urgency 3. 3. 1) 1) 1) Lively Lively Lively behavior behavior behavior is is is normal normal 2) 2) Fast Fast Fast cars cars cars appeal appeal appeal to to 3) 3) diverse diverse arguments 4) 4) 4) I I I asked asked asked my my my boss boss boss for for for clarification clarification 5) 5) sensitive sensitive sensitive to to to light light 6) 6) Mutual Mutual encouragement 7) made fun of him 7) made fun of him 8) persists in his opinion/viewpoint 9) to to be be be the the the focus/center focus/center focus/center of attention of attention 10) 10) 10) we we we buy buy buy our our our tickets tickets tickets in in advance 4. 4. 1) 1) 1) certain/sure certain/sure 2) 2) involved involved 3) 3) end end 4) 4) behavior behavior 5) 5) disciplining disciplining 6) agreed 7) 7) individually 8) first 9) response 9) response 10) question 10) question 11) attempt 11) attempt 12) 12) voice 13) directly 13) directly 14) followed 15) trouble 15) trouble Unit2 Column A Column B The Compound Words created through day throughout up man upbeat, uplift draw eared drawback teen ready teenage hand conscious handout, handwritten birth back birthday, birthstone chair distance chairman rag beat rag-eared ever lift ever-ready over age overdue, overage long due long-distance, long-eared self stone self-conscious mile out mileage, milestone type wishing typewriter, typewritten well Writer/written well-wishing, well-written Step Two 1) long-distance 2) upbeat 3) ever-ready 3) ever-ready 4) overdue 4) overdue 5) typewriter 5) typewriter 6) 6) milestone milestone 7) 7) handwritten handwritten 8) 8) uplifted uplifted 9) 9) self-conscious self-conscious 10) 10) rag-eared 11) 11) birthday birthday 12) 12) throughout throughout 13) 13) drawbacks drawbacks 14) 14) chairman chairman 15) 15) teenage 2. 1) A. intrigued v. interest B. B. intrigue intrigue n . n. n. the the the act act act or or or practice practice practice of of of secretly secretly secretly planning planning planning to to to harm harm someone or make them lose their position of power 2) 2) A. A. A. straining straining v . v. v. try try try very very very hard hard hard to to to do do do something something something using using using all all all your your physical or mental strength B. strain n. n. a a force that stretches, pulls or puts pressure on something 3) A. savor n. taste; flavor B. savored v. enjoy the taste or flavor of; enjoy as much as you can 4) A. treasure v. treat something as being very special, important, or valuable B. treasure n. a store of gold, silver, jewels, etc. 5) A. credited v. consider … as having achieved something or being the reason for it B. credit n. trust; faith 6) A. boost n. an encouraging act of cheering somebody up B. boost v. make someone feel more confident and less worried 7) A. note n. a short, usually informal, letter B. noted v. notice or pay careful attention to something 8) A. signed v. write your signature on a letter or document to show that you wrote it, agreed with it B. sign n. gesture used to ex press one’s meaning, idea, etc. 9) A. totaled v. come to a certain amount B. total n. the whole amount 10) A. stuffed v. fill something with a substance 10) A. stuffed B. stuff n. substance or material 11) A. count n. the number that is reached when something is being 11) A. count counted B. count v. be important 12) A. last v. manage to remain in the same situation 12) A. last B. last n. the remaining part of something 13) A. complimented 13) A. complimented v. express praise or admiration of somebody B. compliment n. an expression of praise, admiration, approval, etc. 14) A. flood 14) A. flood n. a large number or amount B. flooding v. arrive in large numbers 15) A. contact 15) A. contact n. communication with a person, organization, country, etc. B. contact v. reach (someone) by message, telephone, etc. 3. 3. 1) 1) 1) thrives thrives 2) 2) strategy strategy 3) 3) annual annual 4) 4) deserve deserve 5) 5) spontaneous spontaneous 6) sincere 7) investments 8) 8) enterprise enterprise 9) 9) follow follow follow up up 10) 10) characterized characterized 11) lingered 12) acknowledged 4. column 1) D 1) D 2) A 2) A 3) B 3) B 4) C 4) C tough 1) D 2) B 2) B 3) E 3) E 4) F 4) F 5) 5) C 6) A 6. 1) searched 2) clever 3) solution 4) wasted 5) tolerate 6) hidden 7) dumb 8) subject 9) noise 10) extra 11) purchased 12) replaced 13) appreciation 14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strange Unit 3 Understanding the Organization of the Text (1) Introduction (para 1) It has has been been been proven proven proven repeatedly repeatedly repeatedly that that that the the the various various various types types types of of of behavior, behavior, emotions, and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredity and culture. (2) There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4) Supporting evidence A. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2) i) Its Its consequence: consequence: consequence: This This This has has has a a a tremendous tremendous tremendous impact impact impact on on on the the the learning learning process. i i) ii) The The reason reason reason for for for this: this: this: Active Active Active classroom classroom classroom participants participants participants develop develop develop more more positive attitudes and go on to higher achievement. i ii) Two examples: iii) Two examples: a. In In many many many of of of the the the former former former all-women all-women ’s s colleges, colleges, colleges, the the the boys boys boys were were taking over the class-room discussions and active participation by women students had diminished noticeably. b. A A similar similar similar subordination subordination subordination of of of female female female to to to male male male students students students has has has also also been observed in law and medical school classrooms in recent years. B. B. Teachers Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles. (para. 3) i ) i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class. i i) ii) An An example: example: example: A A A teacher teacher teacher had had had the the the little little little boys boys boys perform perform perform the the the scientific scientific experiment experiment while while while the the the girls girls girls were were were given given given the the the task task task of of of putting putting putting the the the materials materials away. C. Gender-biased Gender-biased education education education is is is also also also reflected reflected reflected in in in the the the typical typical typical American American teacher ’ assumption. (para 4) i) The The assumption: assumption: assumption: Boys Boys Boys will will will do do do better better better in in in the the the hard, hard, hard, masculine masculine subjects of math and science while girls are expected to have better verbal and reading skills. i i) Three examples: ii) Three examples: a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on. b. b. In In In Germany, Germany, Germany, all all all studies studies studies are are are considered considered considered masculine masculine masculine and and and it it it is is is girls girls who develop reading problems. c. In Japan, where early education appears to be nonsexist, both girls and boys do equally well in reading. (3) The educational bias begins at home. (para 5) A . A. S upporting evidence: Supporting evidence: i) Boy Boy preschoolers preschoolers preschoolers were were were permitted permitted permitted to to to go go go away away away from from from home home home in in in a a much wider area than girl preschoolers. ii) B oys Boys Boys were were were encouraged encouraged encouraged to to to develop develop develop intellectual intellectual intellectual curiosity curiosity curiosity and and physical skills, while girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home home and and and with with with the the the desire desire desire to to to be be be approved approved approved of of of for for for their their their goodness goodness goodness and and obedience to rules. B. T he consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to The consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its content, content, and and and more more more anxious anxious anxious about about about being being being right right right in in in their their their answers answers answers than than than in in being intellectually independent, analytical, or original. C. Conclusion: Through the educational process that occupies most of the the child child ’s s waking hours, waking hours, society society reinforces reinforces reinforces its its its established established established values values values and and turns out each sex in its traditional and expected mold. V ocabulary 1. 1) genetic genetic 2) 2) assign assign 3) 3) noticeably noticeably 4) 4) approved approved 5) 5) Bias Bias 6) 6) deprived 7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraduate 10) postgraduate 2.conscious- unconscious encourage- discourage directly- indirectly sexist –nonsexist dependent- independent positive –negative superior - inferior biased –fair limited –unlimited appropriately- inappropriately 6) C 7) F 7) F 8) B 5) B 6) C 8) B 3. 1) C C 2) D 3) A 3) A 4) E 4) E 5) B 4. 1) turn out 2) carry over 2) carry over 3) calling on 3) calling on 4) put away 4) put away 5) fallen behind 5) fallen behind 6) take over 6) take over unit4 Reading Comprehension 1. 1) Introduction(para 1) It is introduced in the article how teachers and parents can encourage creativity in children. 2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3) 2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3) A. The strategy: To encourage children to spend time thinking and developing new ideas. B. The significance for adopting the strategy: If children can be taught to think creatively, they will be better able to function in tomorrow ’s society. 3) The definition of creativity (para. 4-5) 3) The definition of creativity (para. 4-5) A. Who successful students and adults are: Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems. B. What creative people can do: They can use what they have to produce original ideas that are good for something. 4) 4) A big problem in school (para. 6) The The problem: problem: problem: Children Children Children can can can obtain obtain obtain and and and give give give back back back information, information, information, but but can ’t figure out ways to apply what they know in new situations. 5) A new approach to teaching (para 7) A. A. The The The approach: approach: approach: Combining Combining Combining the the the basics basics basics with with with the the the activities activities activities where where students must use their imaginations. B. How How to to to do so: do so: By By asking asking asking questions questions questions and and and meanwhile praising meanwhile praising their ideas and new thoughts. C. C. How How How to to to facilitate facilitate facilitate the the the process: process: process: To To To create create create an an an atmosphere atmosphere atmosphere in in in which which there is no risk risk in in in being being being creative-- creative-- creative-- a a a place place place where where where wild wild wild ideas ideas ideas are are are honored honored honored and and valued, never scorned or dismissed. 6) 6) Things parents can do at home to encourage creativity (para. 8-10) A. To involve children in decision making. B. To help help children children children to to to understand understand understand the the the consequences consequences consequences of of of various various decisions. C. To To encourage encourage encourage them them them to to talk talk out loud out loud about about things things things they they they are are are doing. doing. The reason for for doing doing doing so: so: so: Talking Talking out out loud loud loud improves improves improves language language language skills skills skills and and thinking skills. D. To show a sense of humor. The reason for doing so: Children can see creativity in its purest form. E. To give children choices from their earliest age. Examples: a. When When they they they are are are very very very young, young, young, let let let them them them choose choose choose between between between two two two food food items for lunch. b. B. When they grow older, let them decide how to use their time or spend their money. V ocabulary 3. 3. 1) 1) 1) dismiss dismiss 2) 2) consequences consequences 3) promoting 4) 4) applies applies 5) 5) vital vital 6) scorned 7) conventional 8) original 8) original 4. 4. 1) 1) 1) consciously consciously 2) 2) innovative innovative 3) 3) unconsciously unconsciously 4) 4) determined determined 5) Imagination 6) 6) aware aware 7) 7) control control 8) 8) created created 9) 9) extension extension 10) 10) technique technique 11) vulnerable 12) unfolding 12) unfolding 13) joyful 13) joyful 14) gain 14) gain 15) Apply 15) Apply Unit5 Understanding the organization of the text 1) Introduction (para. 1) Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good or bad ones. 2) Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5) The author ’s arguments: A. A. Athletes Athletes Athletes should should should not not not refuse refuse refuse the the the responsibility responsibility responsibility of of of being being being a a a role role role model model while a ccepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous accepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete. (para. 2) (para. 2) B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesn ’t mean I am perfect. (para. 3) C. Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4) a. He influences people ’s lives in a positive way. b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him. c. He displays the values like honesty and determination. D. Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can help reinforce what parents try to teach their children. (para. 5) 3) People sometimes expect so much that some athletes don ’t want to be role modes. (para. 6-7) A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal. Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside Jesus Christ. (para. 6) B. Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at times. Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received about gambling. 2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I can ’t go anywhere without being the center of attention and I can ’t even buy a motorcycle I really want. (para. 7) 4) Conclusion (para 8-9) The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad. A. It ’s s a a a great great great feeling feeling feeling to to to think think think you you you are are are part part part of of of the the the reason reason reason that that that a a a id id decided to try to be good. B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings. C. Charles Barkley is a good role model. V ocabulary 2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far 4) take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to 8) look up to 9) Let ’s face it 10) you name it 3. 3. 1) outgrown 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 4) outweigh 5) outlived 5) outlived UNIT 7 1. belief – doubt deep- shallow learn- unlearn shame- pride inadequate-adequate success- failure boring- interesting dependent-independent mediocre-excellent uselessuseful well-informed ---- ill-informed smart- dull painful-painless imaginativeunimaginative 2. 2. 1) 1) 1) deprived deprived deprived of of 2) for for the the the sake sake sake of of 3) 3) get get away away away with with 4) 4) dropped dropped out 5) by no means 6) got got down down down to to 7) 7) 7) distinguish distinguish …from 8) 8) look look look back back back on on 9) 9) 9) gone gone through 10) after all 11) be rid of 12) on my own 3. choice secure hear who keep while now This pressure expecting tests within had catch marks patents obtain/get teachers relax shape UNIT 8 1. C E B D A F 2. relearn 再学习 r egain regain 收回，重新获得 redo 重做，再做 r ewrite rewrite重写，改写重写，改写 r earrange rearrange 重新整理 r eclaim reclaim 要求归还，收回 r emodel remodel 重新塑造，改变 replace 取代取代 rephrase 重新措辞 r ejoin rejoin 再结合，在加入 reform reform 改革 readjust 重新调整重新调整 r eunited reunited （使）再结合 r ebroadcast rebroadcast 转播，重播 reread 再读 r eview review 复习复习3. B A D A D C A A A B UNIT 9 1. 1) observation observation 2) 2) available available 3) 3) discoveries discoveries 4) 4) acceptance acceptance 5) 5) experimentation 6) inventions 7) evolution evolution 8) 8) adaptable 9) 9) innovative innovative 10) 10) objectivity 2. 1) out of the ordinary 2) preceded 3) To be exact 4) Contradict(ed) 5) Prosperity COLUMN A COLUMN B Invention invent available nnovate Adaptable Adapt Discovery Discover Acceptance Accept Evolution Evolve Objectivity Objective Observation Observe Experimentation Experiment Prosperity Prosper disastrous disaster 6) Gave birth to 7) Catch our breath 8) had in mind 9) proposed 10) converted 11) disastrous 12) negative 3. 1) She had hardly sat down 2) Especially if/ when you want to reserve a seat 2) Especially if/ when you want to reserve a seat 3) is not necessarily the most useful 3) is not necessarily the most useful 4) What sort/kind of person do you have in mind 4) What sort/kind of person do you have in mind 5) There5) There’s a limit on the time 6) Spend part of his childhood 6) Spend part of his childhood 7) three times as many girls as boys 7) three times as many girls as boys 8) as do most of the people who live in this village 8) as do most of the people who live in this village 9) but on the other hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere 9) but on the other hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere 10) Depite/ In spite of international pressure 10) Depite/ In spite of international pressure 。
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册unit4课后练习答案
全新版⼤学英语综合教程第四册unit4课后练习答案Unit 4Text AText rganization 1.2.VocabularyI.1) advantageous 2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark5) entitled 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums2. 1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in 6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away3. 1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by trainor by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest carmaker.3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wifeover money matters.4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesn’t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.5.a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleIII. Usage 1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday. 2. The reason(he gave) that he didn ’t notice the car till too late was unsatisfactory.3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze (A)1. academics variety of 5. vanish 7. endorsing9. sweeping aside 11. erasing (B)1. aided4. connected5. invested6. features7. prevailing 8. qualitatively 9. volume 10. Distinguishing2. networking 4. growth6. facilitate 8. outlook10. patriotic 12. strike a2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.lives on their children, Mary cares more aboutGlobalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers arestudy abroad or work in foreign-investednumber of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimisticThey follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care forforward, which has given rise to worries that thePart III Text BComprehension Check1. c2. a3. b4. b5. c6. dTranslation1.如果9/11 有什么引⼈注⽬的地⽅，那就是恐怖主义者们来⾃世界上全球化程度最低、最不开放、融合程度最低的地⽅：沙特阿拉伯、也门、阿富汗和巴基斯坦西北部。
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程第四册Unit4课后练习答案
全新版⼤学英语（第⼆版）综合教程第四册Unit4课后练习答案Unit 4Text AText rganization1.2.Main Events1.Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2.Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not anaccident of birth.3.Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital,labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.4.Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnectedmarket-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.VocabularyI.1) advantageous 2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark5) entitled 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums2. 1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in 6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away3. 1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest carmaker.3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with hiswife over money matters.4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesn’t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.5.a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleIII. Usage1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2. The reason(he gave) that he didn ’t notice the car till too late wasunsatisfactory.3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. C loning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A) 1. academics 3.a variety of 5. vanish 7. endorsing 9. sweeping aside 11. erasing(B)1. aided2.effects3.distances4. connected5. invested6. features7. prevailing8. qualitatively 9. volume 10. Distinguishing2. networking 4. growth 6. facilitate 8. outlook 10. patriotic 12. strike a balance2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.2．Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links betweenChinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish. Part III Text BComprehension Check1. c2. a3. b4. b5. c6. dTranslation1.如果9/11 有什么引⼈注⽬的地⽅，那就是恐怖主义者们来⾃世界上全球化程度最低、最不开放、融合程度最低的地⽅：沙特阿拉伯、也门、阿富汗和巴基斯坦西北部。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
课内阅读参考译文及课后习题答案(Book 4)Unit 1享受幽默—什么东西令人开怀？1 听了一个有趣的故事会发笑、很开心，古今中外都一样。
这一现象或许同语言本身一样悠久。
那么，到底是什么东西会使一个故事或笑话让人感到滑稽可笑的呢?2 我是第一次辨识出幽默便喜欢上它的人，因此我曾试图跟学生议论和探讨幽默。
这些学生文化差异很大，有来自拉丁美洲的，也有来自中国的。
我还认真地思考过一些滑稽有趣的故事。
这么做完全是出于自己的喜好。
3 为什么听我讲完一个笑话后，班上有些学生会笑得前仰后合，而其他学生看上去就像刚听我读了天气预报一样呢?显然，有些人对幽默比别人更敏感。
而且，我们也发现有的人很善于讲笑话，而有的人要想说一点有趣的事却要费好大的劲。
我们都听人说过这样的话：“我喜欢笑话，但我讲不好，也总是记不住。
”有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学之类的才能一样。
一个真正风趣的人在任何场合都有笑话可讲，而且讲了一个笑话，就会从他记忆里引出一连串的笑话。
一个缺乏幽默感的人不可能成为一群人中最受欢迎的。
一个真正有幽默感的人不仅受人喜爱，而且在任何聚会上也往往是人们注意的焦点。
这么说是有道理的。
4 甚至有些动物也具有幽默感。
我岳母从前经常来我们家，并能住上很长一段时间。
通常她不喜欢狗，但却很喜欢布利茨恩——我们养过的一条拉布拉多母猎犬。
而且，她们的这种好感是相互的。
布利茨恩在很小的时候就常常戏弄外祖母。
当外祖母坐在起居室里她最喜欢的那张舒适的椅子上时，布利茨恩就故意把她卧室里的一只拖鞋叼到起居室，并在外祖母刚好够不到的地方蹦来跳去，一直逗得外祖母忍不住站起来去拿那只拖鞋。
外祖母从椅子上一起来，布利茨恩就迅速跳上那椅子，从它那闪亮的棕色眼睛里掠过一丝拉布拉多式的微笑，无疑是在说：“啊哈，你又上了我的当。
”5 典型的笑话或幽默故事由明显的三部分构成。
第一部分是铺垫(即背景)，接下来是主干部分(即故事情节)，随后便是妙语(即一个出人意料或令人惊讶的结尾)。
如果这个妙语含有一定的幽默成分，这个笑话便会很有趣。
通常笑话都包含这三部分，而且每部分都必须交代清楚。
如果讲故事或说笑话的人使用听众都熟悉的手势和语言，则有助于增强效果。
6 我们可以对幽默这种娱乐形式进行分析，从而发现究竟是什么使一个有趣的故事或笑话令人发笑。
举例来说，最常见的幽默有以下几种，包括了从最显而易见的幽默到比较微妙含蓄的幽默。
7 “滑稽剧”是最明显的幽默。
它语言简单、直截了当，常常以取笑他人为乐。
说笑打闹这种形式过去是、现在仍然是滑稽说笑演员和小丑的惯用技巧。
它为不同年龄、不同文化背景的人们所喜爱。
几乎本世纪的每个讲英语的滑稽说笑演员都曾以这样或那样的方式说过下面这则笑话。
一位男士问另一位男士：“昨晚我看到的那位和你在一起的夫人是谁?”那位男士回答道：“那可不是什么夫人，那是我老婆。
”这个笑话的幽默之处在于第二位男士说他的妻子不是一位夫人，也就是说她不是一个高雅的女人。
这个笑话并没有因为经常讲而变得不再那么好笑。
由于这是一个经典笑话，观众都知道要说什么，而且因为大家对这个笑话很熟悉而更加珍爱它。
8 中国的相声是一种特殊的滑稽剧。
相声中两名中国喜剧演员幽默地谈论诸如官僚主义者、家庭问题或其他一些有关个人的话题。
相声随处都能听到，无论是在乡村的小舞台上，还是在北京最大的剧院里，抑或在广播、电视上。
它显然是中国人家喻户晓的一种传统的幽默形式。
9 “文字游戏”不像滑稽剧那样浅显，它是因语言的误用或误解而引人发笑。
我特别喜欢的一个例子是三位年长的绅士在英国乘火车旅行的故事。
当火车慢慢停下来时，第一位绅士问道：“这是Wembley(温布利)吗?” “不，”第二位绅士说：“是Thursday(星期四)。
”“我也是，”第三位说道，“让我们下车喝杯啤酒吧。
”我们知道上了年纪的人往往耳背，因此会把Wembley(温布利)听成了Wednesday(星期三)，把17hursday(星期四)听成了thirsty(渴了)，这样一来就为第三位老人的妙语做好了铺垫。
10著名的中国漫画家和幽默家丁聪便是一位文字游戏大师。
在他的一幅幽默漫画中，一位老师说：“你为什么一字不改地抄别人的作业?”那位年轻的学生回答道：“我没有一字不改地抄。
我把作业上的名字改成自己的了。
”在丁聪的另一幅经典漫画里，一位生气的父亲问道：“告诉我，l加2等于几?”儿子说：“我不知道。
”这位不耐烦的父亲接着说道：“比方说，你、你妈妈和我，我们加起来一共是几个，傻瓜?”儿子得意地回答道：“是三个傻瓜。
”这些故事无论是漫画还是笑话，是由演滑稽剧的喜剧演员说还是由搭档的相声演员讲，都为各地人们所喜爱。
人们喜爱这些有趣的故事，因为它们贴近现实生活，而且里面那些出人意料的妙语十分有趣。
11 双关语是一种更微妙的文字游戏。
它使用的技巧是利用发音相似的词或同一个词的不同意思。
有些批评家认为双关语是最低级的幽默，但我不同意这种观点。
双关语与其他形式的幽默相比需要更细微、更巧妙的语言技巧；然而，简单的双关语甚至很小的孩子也能利用。
例如，谜语或脑筋急转弯问题常使用双关语做铺垫、制造故事情节，而且更多地是用在妙语部分。
双关语是我最早懂得的幽默。
记得大约在五岁时我听到了下面这个谜语。
一个人问：“什么东西整个儿是黑的、白的和红的?”另外一个人通常猜不出来，于是问道：“我不猜了。
是什么呀?”出谜语的人回答：“是报纸。
”如果你知道在英语中“red (红色)”和“read(读)”的读音一样但意思完全不同，答案就很明显了。
12 D0UBLE ENTENDRES(法语中的“一语双关”)是双关语的特殊形式，其中的词或短语有双重意思。
两个意思往往很不相同，一个比较恰当，另一个往往比较粗俗——但并不总是这样。
我喜欢那个关于一位中学教师和校长因看见学生在学校操场上接吻而感到担心的故事。
故事并不过火。
那位教师对学生们说：“我和校长已经决定停止在学校操场上接吻。
”听到笑声，她意识到她没有把意思表达清楚，于是补充说：“我的意思是不能再在我们的鼻子底下发生接吻这样的事了。
”当然，这个解释并没有纠正她的第一句话，反而使这个笑话的双重含义变得更加好笑。
13一些专业的幽默家认为如今的幽默大多缺乏智慧，不够巧妙。
他们不喜欢在幽默中过多使用有色情意味或粗俗的语言，而且觉得大多数幽默家缺乏创造性。
的确，现在有些幽默令人震惊，但我认为这不是幽默的过错。
幽默本身是活泼健康的，它还会继续生存下去，只因为每天都有有趣的事情发生。
一些有幽默感的人会看到、听到这些有趣的事情，并把它们编成妙趣横生、令人开心的笑话和故事。
Post-ReadingReading Comprehension1．Understanding the Organization of the TextPara．1-3Humor is universa1，but people’s sense of humor varies．Para．4．Even animals have a sense of humor．The author’s dog is a good example．Para．5The typical three parts of a joke：1)setup，2)body，3)punch line．Para．6—12Different forms of humor:1) slap-stick,2) Chinese cross-talk,3) a play on words,4)puns and double entendresPara.13Humor will persist even though some professional humorists think today’s h umor is not very intelligent or sophisticated．2．Understanding Specific Information1)B 2)D 3)C 4)A 5)C 6)A 7)A 8)D 9)B 10)B3．Explaining the DifferenceI think there are several factors that lead to the different responses ，such as one’s pe rsonality, knowledge of the world，cultural backgrounds，etc．Some people are more sensitive to humor．They like to laugh，and they enjoy jokes．They are more imaginative．After heating a joke，they will use their imagination to make the joke more laughable．Some people，because of their limited cultural backgrounds，can’t understand the joke well．Or ,they don’t think it amusing because they don’t have the right knowledge．It’S not because they are not sensitive to humor, but because they don’t understand very well．Another barrier ,I think，is the language．Some—times when a foreign teacher tells a joke，the students cannot understand it because of some difficult words．4．Analyzing JokesJOKE ONE：【One day a visitor from the city came to a small rural area to drive around on the country roads，see how the farms looked，and perhaps to see how farmers earned a living．(SETUP)】[The city man saw a farmer in his yard，holding a pig up in his hands，and lifting it so that the pig could eat apples from an apple tree．The city ma n said to the farmer,‘‘I see that your pig likes apples，but isn’t that quite a waste of time?”(BODY)】【The farmer replied，“What’s time to a pig?”(PUNCH LINE)】JOKE TWO ：[One absent—minded professor approached the edge of a wide river，and far across on the other side he saw another absent—minded professor．(SETUP)】[The first man called out loudly，“Hello ! How do I get to the other side of the river?”(BODY)]【The second man on the far side of the river shouted back，“Hello! You are already on the other side of the river．”(PUNCHUNE)】5.Making Your CommentsSamples：--I agree with it，because people enjoy laughter．Humorous people know that laughter is the best medicine．They don’t mind insults if you can make them laugh．In fact，this kind of insult is not insult in its real sense because when people are trying to make others laugh the focus is on the fun they Call enjoy，not on insulting them．People need self-mockery to survive，to let out anger, and to get out of difficult or embarrassing situations．I don’t mind being joked about．Life should be filled with laughter．How boring the world would be if every body was serious and humorless．--I don’t agree with it．Dignity is the most important thing．1 wouldn’t allow anyone to insult me even if they made me laugh．As a matter of fact, they wouldn’t be able to make me laugh if they are insulting me．When people are getting together, friendliness and harmony are the priorities．How can people stay together if they are likely to be insulted or laughed at ? I enjoy jokes，but I think some jokes go too far and they hurt people．Vocabulary1．1)A．entertaining B．entertainment C．entertained D．entertainer2)A．recognizable B．recognized C．recognition3)A．tempting B．temptation C．tempt4)A．reasoned B．reasoning C．reasonable D．reason5)A．analyzed B．analytical C．analyst D．analysis6)A．valuable B．valuation C．valued／values D．values7)A．humorist B．humor C．humorous D．humorless8) A．understandable B．understanding C．understand D．misunderstood 2．1)a sense of responsibility 2)a sense of safety／security3)a sense of inferiority 4)a sense of superiority5)a sense of rhythm 6)a sense of justice7)a sense of shame 8)a sense of helplessness9) a sense of direction 10)a sense of urgency3．1)Lively behavior is normal 2)Fast cars appeal to3) diverse arguments 4)I asked my boss for clarification5) sensitive to light 6) Mutual encouragement7) made fun of him 8)persists in his opinion／viewpoint9) to be the focus／center of attention 10) we buy our tickets in advance 4．1)certain／sure 2)involved 3)end 4)behavior 5)disciplining6)agreed 7)individually 8)first 9)response 10)question11)attempt 12)voice 13)directly 14)followed 15)troubleAfter class reading课外阅读参考译文致命诱惑1 英国离奇谋杀案小说的女皇，毫无疑问是阿加莎·克里斯蒂。