南昌大学研究生期末考试英语试题样卷

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南昌大学春季学期英语期末考试

南昌大学春季学期英语期末考试本试卷共四大题，12页，满分110分。

考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、考点考场号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces ofmusick of the 20century. In his short life he wrote-1 300 songs and an opera.Xian was vom in panyum, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with-2 mother. He began learning to play_3 violinwhena he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin wascheapp and badly made thathem_5 not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop6and soon showedhish talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students_7 studied in a special musicschooly in Paris. Before he8, Xian became the schools best student9 won severalprizesh for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came tofan’an10music at a college.11there were no pianos in Yan’an at that time Xian stillwrotem12of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famousworks.In May 1940, Xian 13to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to writemusick for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very14. Xian got sick and later died of a lungillnessh15October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian’s music, however, lives on in the people’hearts.1. A.near B. nearly C. nearby D.nearer2. A.he B. him C. his D. he’s3. A.a B. an C. the D. this4. A.so B. such C. very D. much5. A.need B. may C.should D. could6. A.practice B.practicing C.to practice D.practised7. A. what B. which C.whom D. who8. A.leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving9. A.and B. but C. as D. or10. A.teach B.taught C.teaching D. to teach11. A.If B. Although C. When D. Because12. A.any B. little C. fwd. some13. A.sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending14. A.hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest15. A.at B. in C. on D. by二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

【考研英语】2021年7月江西南昌大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道(附答案解析)

【考研英语】2021年7月江西南昌大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Drug use accounts for [approximately] three-quarters of all reported cases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】[approximately] 大致地，近似地。

roughly大体上，大致上。

参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。

第2题【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety, and there was a bias in his gait which inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。

B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。

C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。

D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。

【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。

本题考查的知识点为选词。

文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。

动词carry有许多含义。

此处译文具体化，译作“支着”。

第3题【单选题】The purpose of new drugs used on patients is to make them less painful, ________ them more terribleA、not makeB、not to makeC、not makingD、do not make【正确答案】B【答案解析】如两个不定式表示并列关系时,后一不定式前可省去to;表示对比关系时;不定式符号to常保留。

南昌大学学术英语期末试卷2019

南昌大学学术英语期末试卷2019I. 单项选择( )1. Most animals walk ____ four legs.A. ofB. toC. on‘m too busy now.A．That‘s right． B. I‘d love to C．Of course not( )3. Thank you for________ me the good news.A．tell B．to tell C．telling( )4. Chinese people‘s favorite food is ________A．rice B．hamburger C．hot dog( )5. Tom with his friends _____ playing tennis very much. A. like B. likes C . liking( )6. --Would you like some drink? --_______.A. Here you are B．Yes, just a littleC. Please give me some( )7. If you are hungry ,you can buy_______ in a supermarket. A．food B．house C．drink( )8. Why______ he like koala bears?A．is B．does C．do( )9.It’s too dark, I_____ go home.A．can B ．have to C．need( )10. --________does your uncle do? - He is a teacher. A．What B．Where C．How( )11. What do you usually do____ Sunday mornings.A. inB. atC. on( )12.---Don’t run in the hallways.---______,I won’t do it again.A．Sorry B. Excuse C. No( )13.The teacher tells us not ______a hat in class.A. wearB. wearingC. to wear( )14.His mother ___ in a hospital, but she ____ these days.A. works, isn’t workingB. is working, worksC. is work, doesn’t work( )15.Listen! Who ____ behind the tree?A sings B. is singing C. singing( )16.Shanghai is bigger than (比……大)_____ city in China.A. anyB. otherC. any other( )17.Elephants are very friendly and they like______ grass.A. eatB. to eatingC. to eat( )18.---Let’s go to see the action movies.---________________.A.Yes, we do.B. No, we don’t.C. That sounds exciting. ( )19.Jim, _____ look outside. Look at the map.A. doesn’tB. don’tC. isn’t( )20 Jim often gets____ school at eight and gets ___ home at fiveA. \; \B. to; \C. \; toII. 完形填空( ) 1. A. is B. am C. are D. be( ) 2. A. with B. on C. by D. in( ) 3. A. on B. by C. in D. at( ) 4. A .by B. on C. at D. in( ) 5. A. in B. at C. on D. by( ) 6. A. their B. one C. hers D. his( ) 7. A. class B. teacher C. school D. home ( ) 8. A. watch B. do C. make D. read ( ) 9.A.see B. look C. read D. watch ( ) 10.A.school B. bed C. work D. classIII.情景交际从II栏中选出与I栏相匹配的答语I 栏 II 栏( ) 1. What time do you want to go ? A. No, she is using a computer.( ) 2. What’s he doing? B. Sure. The TV show is boring.( ) 3. Let’s go shopping. C. At about two o’clock. ( ) 4. Do you want to see a film ? D. He is listening to a CD.( ) 5. Is Lily singing ? E. All rightIV. 词汇A.根据句意及首字母提示，完成下列单词1. Bob is from America but now he l____ in Australia.2. We must keep q____ in the library.3. He usually r____ his black bike to school from Monday to Fri day.4. We are n ___ here. We need to find a guide(向导) to help us.5. Some c______ are having lunch.B.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1. Her brother _______ (not read) a book now.2.______ (eat) more fruits and vegetables is good for your hea lth.3. Here ______ (be) some drink for you .4 .You‘d better_______ (get)to school early.5. What about ________(leave)for Shanghai for weekends? V. 句型转换________ your mother __________?2. Why not go to play football?( 改为同义句)______ ______ to play football._______ do you ______ koalas?4. They often play with the cute dog. (用now改写)They ________ ________ with the cute dog now.5. Remember to post the letter for me.(改为同义句)______ _______ to post the letter for me.VI. 阅读理解AMr Jones and Mr Brown work in the same office .One day Mr Jones says to Mr Brown .“I will have a small party at our house on Monday eveni ng . Would you and your wife like to come ?” Mr Brown says , “Thank you very much . I’d love to , but let me ask my wif e first . ” So Mr Brown goes to the other room and telephones his wife . Then he comes back and looks very worried . “W hat’s the matter?” asks Mr Jones . “Is your wife there at ho me ?”“No,” answers Mr Brown . “She isn’t there . My small son answers the telephone . I say to him ,’Is your mother there , David ?’ and he answers ‘No , she isn’t in the house .’‘Where is she ?’ I ask , ‘She is somewhere outside’.‘What’s she doing ?’‘She is looking for me .’”阅读短文，判断正（“T”），误（“F”）。

2012南昌大学普研班期末试卷

Final Test for Postgraduate Students of Grade 2012Part I. Vocabulary (20 points)A. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.1.Kelly was outstanding and outshone every other player on the field.A. polishedB. surpassedC. overlookedD. survived2.I‟m trying to foster an interest in classical music in my children.A. encourageB. adoptC. opposeD. resist3.It is famous for leaving a lingering aftertaste in the mouth.A. strongB. fragrantC. continuingD. imposing4.Each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare.A. foodB. choiceC. ticketD. soup5.It can be romantic, exciting, obsessive, and irrational.A. impatientB. polishedC. compulsiveD. spiritual6.These misconceptions often lead to unrealistic expectations, stereotypes, and disillusionment.A.disapprovalB. disappearanceC.discourageD.disenchantment7.At that point, the public sector deficit was estimated to be around $45 billion.A. forecastedB. judgedC. determinedD. boasted8.He wouldn‟t let reimburse him for the cost of his journey.A. payB. chargeC. switchD. accountable9.The names of Chinese dishes are diverse.A. misleadingB. variedC. interestingD. divided10. He has traveled extensively in China, recording every facet of life.A. detailB. cornerC. stepD. aspectoften introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific 1) ________ : academic and industrial. For decades, academia has 2) _______ lip service to the idea of collaboration, but the incentive-and reward system has been slow to 3) ______ . despite the widespread interest in collaboration and its obvious value in an academic 4) _______ , collaboration remains informal and is actually 5) _______ by the tenure process, in which scholars are penalized for sharing 6) ________ for their work with others.Large-scale academic collaboration has taken place successfully in the past; the Manhattan Project and contemporaneous radar research, and numerous experimental particle physics projects, to 7) _______ just a few examples, are not perhaps academic in the purest sense, but they 8) ______ that academic scientists can play well with others. More recently, new systems biology studies are bringing a sense of 9) ______ into academic life science labs, but there have been some growing pains. Still, in most of academic science–including the life science–the lone wolf still 10) ________ .Part II. Reading Comprehension (20 points)Reading Passage 1In some ways the employment interview is like a persuasive speech because the applicant (interviewee) seeks to persuade the employer (interviewer) to employ him or her. Several suggestions might prove helpful to the applicant as preparation is made for the actual interview.A job applicant has the responsibility of ascertaining certain types of information prior to the interview. First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that relates to his career objective. It is important that the applicant be able to state his reasons for wishing to work for a particular company. Second, the applicant to locate includes such items as the location of the home and regional offices, the financial status of the company, plans for expansion, and company philosophy. Information about most major corporations is available in reference books and periodicals.After gathering information concerning the company, the applicant is ready for the interview. The interviewer‟s first impression comes from the interviewee‟s appearance. For most interviews, appropriate dress for man is a conservative dark colored suit with a long sleeve, white or light blue shirt and conservative tie. For woman a conservative tailored suit or dress is appropriate. Both men and women should have neat, conservative-length hair.Although hair style and dress are matters of personal taste, many personnel directors form initial impressions from these characteristics. For example, one recent college graduate, who felt himself qualified, interviewed for a public relations job. However, the personnel manager considered this young man‟s long hair, untidy dress, and excessively casual manner unsuited for this particular position.1.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To tell an interviewee how to prepare for an interview.B.To teach the interviewer how to choose an applicant.C.To tell the applicant how to obtain the information of the major corporations.D.To teach the applicant what clothes to wear.2.According to the passage, what should the applicant first know before the interview?A.How many people are applying for the same position.B.How much money he would earn if he got the job.C.Whether he might get a promotion soon.D.The type of work and his career expectation.3.Before the interview, what information should the applicant obtain?rmation concerning location of the regional offices.rmation concerning most major corporations.rmation concerning reference books and periodicals.rmation concerning the company he wants to work for.4.The author suggests that the interviewee should wear _______.A. blue shirtB. conservative suitC. sloppy dressD. dark colored suit5. What is the author trying to tell us through the example in the last paragraph?A. The importance of self-confidenceB. The importance of the clothes.C. The importance of first impression.D. The importance of personal taste.Reading passage 2The word “conservation”has a thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and to protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such a good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy conditions of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation”had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who will dome after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone‟s daily life. To know about the water table (地下水位) in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all water sheds (上游源头森林地带集水区) need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man‟s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.6．What is the author‟s attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources?A. PositiveB. NeutralC. SuspiciousD. Critical7. According to the author, what was the great of our forefathers?A. They had no idea about scientific forestry.B. They had little or no sense of environmental protection.C. They were not aware of the significance of nature study.D. They had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials.8.It can be inferred from the passage that earlier generations didn‟t realize _______.A. the interdependence of water, soil and living thingsB. the importance of the proper land useC. the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floods.D. the extraordinary rapid growth of population.9.With a view to correcting the mistakes of our forefathers, what measure does the author suggest taking?A. We plant more trees.B. We be taught environmental science, as well as the science of plants.C. Environmental education be directed towards everyone.D. We return to nature.10.What does the author imply by saying “…living space…is figured…but also in cubic volumeabove the earth”?A. Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller.B. Our living space should be measured in cubic volume.C. We need to take some measures to protect space.D.We must create better living conditions for both birds and animals.Reading Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Traffic statistics paint a gloomy picture. To help solve their traffic woes, some rapidly growing U. S. cities have simply built more roads. But traffic experts say building more roads is a quick fix solution that will not alleviate the traffic problem in the long run. Soaring land costs, increasing concern over social and environmental disruptions caused by road-building, and the likelihood that more roads can only lead to more cars and traffic are powerful factors bearing down on a 1950s' style constructions program.The goal of smart-highway technology is to make traffic systems work at optimum efficiency by treating the road and the vehicles traveling on them as an integral transportation system. Proponents of this advanced technology say electronic detection systems, closed-circuit television radio communication, ramp metering (斜坡坡度计量), variable message signing, and other smart highway technology can now be used at a reasonable cost to improve communication between drivers and the people who monitor traffic.Pathfinder, a Santa Monica, California based smart highway project in which a 14 mile stretch of the Santa Monica Freeway, making up what is called a "smart corridor", is being instrumented with buried loops in the pavement. Closed circuit television cameras survey the flow of traffic, while communications linked to properly equipped automobiles advise motorists of the least congested routes or detours (便道).Not all traffic experts, however, look to smart-highway technology as the ultimate solution to traffic jam. Some say the high-tech approach is limited and can only offer temporary solutions to a serious problem."Electronics on the highway addresses just one aspect of the problem: how to regulate traffic more efficiently, "explains Michael Renner, senior researcher at the Worldwatch Institute. "It doesn't deal with the central problems of too many cars for roads that can't be built fast enough. It sends people the wrong message. ""They start thinking, …Yes, there used to be a traffic congestion problem, but that's been solved now because we have an advanced high-tech system in place. '"Larson agrees and adds, "smart highway is just one of the tools that we will use to deal with our traffic problems. It's not the solution itself, just part of the package. There are different strategies. "Other traffic problem-solving options being studied and experimented which include car pooling, rapid mass-transit systems, staggered or flexible work hours, and road pricing, a system whereby motorists pay a certain amount for the time they use a highway. It seems that we need a new, major thrust to deal with the traffic problems of the next 20 years. There has to be a big change.11. In Para. 1, "a quick fix solution" is closest in meaning to __________.A) a best solution B) a fast solutionC) a ready solution D) an efficient solution12. According to the passage, the smart highway technology is aimed to __________.A) deploy sophisticated facilities on the interstate highwaysB) provide passenger vehicles with a variety of servicesC) optimize the highway capabilitiesD)improve communication between driver and the traffic monitors13.According to this passage the method of Highways Get Smart is __________.A) the ultimate solution to traffic congestionB) a wrong solution for the traffic problemsC) a venture to remedy traffic woesD) part of the package to relieve traffic gridlock14. According to Larson, to redress the traffic problem, __________.A) car pooling must be studiedB) rapid mass-transit systems must be introducedC) flexible work hours must be experimentedD) overall strategies must be coordinated15. Which of the following is true according to the whole passage?A) Two contrasting views of a problem are presented.B) Traffic problem is examined and complementary solutions are proposed or offered.C) Latest developments are outlined in order of importance.D) An innovation is explained with its importance emphasizedReading Passage 4How much higher? How much faster?---limits to human sporting performance are not yet in sight ---Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space. For the so-called power events – that require a relatively brief, explosive release of energy, like the 100-metre sprint and the long jump – times and distances have improved ten to twenty per cent. In the endurance events the results have been more dramatic. At the 1908 Olympics, John Hayes of the U.S.team ran a marathon in a time of 2:55:18. In 1999, Morocco‟s Khalid Khannouchi set a new world record of 2:05:42, almost thirty per cent faster.No one theory can explain improvements in performance, but the most important factor has been genetics. “The athlete must choose his parents carefully, ”says Jesus Dapena, a sports scientist at Indiana University, invoking an oft-cited adage. Over the past century, the composition of the human gene pool has not changed appreciably, but with increasing global participation in athletics – and greater rewards to tempt athletes – it is more likely that individuals possessing the unique complement of genes for athletic performance can be identified early. “Was there someone like [sprinter] Michael Johnson in the 1920s?” Dapena asks. “I‟m sure there was, but his talent was probably never realized.”Identify genetically talented individuals is only the first step. Michael Yessis, an emeritus professor of Sports Science at California State University at Fullerton, maintains that “genetics only determines about one third of what an athlete can do. But with the right training we can go much further with that one third of what an athlete can do. But with the right training we can gomuch further with that one third than we‟ve been going.” Yessis believes that U.S.runners, despite their impressive achievements, are “running on their genetics”. By applying more scientific methods, “they‟re going to go much faster”. These methods include strength training that duplicates what they are doing in their running events as well as plyometrics, a technique pioneered in the former Soviet Union.Whereas most exercises are designed to build up strength or endurance, plyometrics focuses on increasing power – the rate at which an athlete can expend energy. When a sprinter runs, Yessis explains, her foot stays in contact with the ground for just under a tenth of a second, half of which is devoted to landing and the other half to pushing off. Plyometric exercises help athletes make the best use of this brief interval.Nutrition is another area that sports trainers have failed to address adequately. “Many athletes are not getting the best nutrition, even through supplements, ” Yessis insists. Each activity has its own nutritional needs. Few coaches, for instance, understand how deficiencies in trace minerals can lead to injuries.Focused training will also play a role in enabling records to be broken. “If we applied the Russian training model to some of the outstanding runners we have in this country, ” Yessis asserts, “they would be breaking records left and right.”He will not predict by how much, however: “Exactly what the limits are it‟s hard to say, but there will be increases even if only by hundredths of a second, as long as our training continues to improve.”One of the most important new methodologies is biomechanics, the study of the body in motion. A biomechanic films an athlete in action and then digitizes her performance, recording the motion of every joint and limb in three dimensions. By applying Newton‟s laws to these motions, “we can say that this athlete‟s run is not fast enough; that this one is not using his arms strongly enough during take-off,”says Dapena, who uses these methods to help high jumpers. To date, however, biomechanics has made only a small difference to athletic performance.Revolutionary ideas still come from the athletes themselves. For example, during the 1968 Olymics in Mexico City, a relatively unknown high jumper named Dick Fosbury won the gold by going over the bar backwards, in complete contradiction of all the received high-jumping wisdom, a move instantly dubbed the Fosbury flop. Fosbury himself did not know what he was doing. That understanding took the later analysis of biomechanics specialists, who put their minds to comprehending something that was too complex and unorthodox ever to have been invented through their own mathematical simulations. Fosbury also required another element that lies behind many improvements in athletic performance: an innovation in athletic equipment. In Fosbury‟s case, it was the cushions that jumpers land on. Traditionally, high jumpers would land in pits filled with sawdust. But by Fosbury‟s time, sawdust pits had been replaced by soft foam cushions, ideal for flopping.In the end, most people who examine human performance are humbled by the resourcefulness of athletes and the powers of the human body. “Once you study athletics, youlearn that it‟s a vexingly complex issue,”says John S.Raglin, a sports psychologist at Indiana University. “Core performance is not a simple or mundane thing of higher, faster, longer. So many variables enter into the equation, and our understanding in many cases is fundamental. We‟ve got along way to go.” For the foreseeable future, records will be made to be broken.Questions 16-19Complete the sentences below with words taken from Reading Passage 4.Use ONE WORD for each answer.Write your answers in boxers 16-19 on your answer sheet.16According to professor Yessis, American runners are relying for their current success on ……(1 point)17Yessis describes a training approach from the former Soviet Union that aims to develop an athlete‟s……(1 point)18Yessis links an inadequate diet to ……(1 point)19Yessis claims that the key to setting new records it better……(2 points)Part III. Translation (20 points)Paragraph OneP.L.Travers, the author of the Mary Poppins books, put it best when she wrote, “You do not chop off a section of your imaginative substance and make a book specifically for children, for- if you are honest –you have, in fact, no idea where childhood ends and maturity begins. It is all endless and all one.” There is plenty for children and adults to enjoy in Rowling‟s books, starting with their language. Her prose may be unadorned, but her way with naming people and things reveals a quirky and original talent.Paragraph TwoWhat attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that “there‟s one person out there that one is meant for” and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together. We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are “filtered out” by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due to factors such as age, race, distance, social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance.Paragraph Three迷人的西湖，位于市区的西面，总面积5.6平方公里。

南昌大学2013-2014学年第一学期研究生英语试卷

the auspices The mortalityyears down the road.a plungeidentifiableless pronouncedfor immersionapparelsingle punditthe pivotalquery aerial cognition expression attest robotics meld cover vital arise guideline deploy recapitulate endow collection In the journal Science, Professor Sharkey calls for ethical guidelines to (1)_______ all aspects of robotic technology, not just in the home and workplace, but also on the battelfield, where lethal robots such as the missile-armed Predator drones used in Iraq and Afghanistan are already (2) _______ with lethal effect. The US Future Combat Systems project aims to use robots as “force multipliers”, with a single soldier initiating large-scale ground and (3)_______ attacks by a robot droid army. “Robots for care and for war represent just two of many ethically problematic areas that will soon (4)________ from the rapid increase and spreading diversity of robotics applications, ” Professor Sharkey said, “Scientists and engineers working in robotics must be mindful of the potential dangers of their work, and public and international discussion is (5)_____ in order to set policy guidelines for ethical and safe application beford the guidelines set themselves.” The call for controls over robots goes back to the 1940s when the science-fiction author Isaac Asimov drew up his famous three laws of (6)_______. The first rule stated that robots must not harm people; the second that they must obey the commands of people provided they does not conflict with the first law; and the third law was that robots must attempt to avoid harming themselves provided this was not in conflict with the two other laws. Asimov wrote a (7)______ of science fiction sories called I, Robot which exploited the issue of machines and morality. He wanted to counter the long history of fictional accounts of dangerous automatons --- from the Jewish Golem to Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein --- and used his three laws as a literary device to exploit the ethical issues arising from the human interaction with non-human, intelligent beings. But late 20th –century prdictions about the rise of machines (8) ______ with superior artificial intelligence have not been realized, although robot scientists have given their mechanical proteges (门客准智能的) traits such as simple speech 门客) quasi-intelligent (准智能的recognition, emotional (9) ________ and face recognition. Professor Starkey believe that even dumb robots need to be controlled. “I’m not suggesting like Asimov to put ethical rules into robots, but to just to have (10)______ on how robots are used, ” he said. “Current robots are not bright enough even to be called stupid. If I even thought they would be superior in intelligence, I would not have these concerns. They are dumb machines not much brighter thatn the average washing machine, and that’s the problem.” Part II: Reading comprehension ( 20%) In this part, you will read four passages. You are required to choose the best answer to each question according to the passage and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet by blacking the letter in the brackets. Passage OneArchaeology（考古学） is a source of history, not just a humble auxiliary discipline. Archaeological data are historical documents in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts. Just as much as any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to reconstitute the process that has created the human world in which we live—and us ourselves in so far as we are each creatures of our age and social environment. Archaeological data are all changed in the material world resulting from human action or ,more succinctly, the fossilized results of human behavior. The sum total of these constitute what may be called the archaeological record. This record exhibits peculiarities and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather superficial contract between archaeological history and the more familiar kind based upon written records.Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air are certainly human changes in the material world and may be of great historical significance. Yet they leave no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless they are captured by a Dictaphone or written down by a clerk. The movementof troops on the battlefield may “change the course of history,” but this is equally ephemeral from the archaeologist’s standpoint. What is perhaps worse, most organic material are perishable . Everything made of wood, hide, wool, linen, grass, hair, and similar materials will decay and vanish in dust in a few years or centuries, save under very exceptional conditions. In a relatively brief period the archaeological record is reduced to more scraps of stone, bone, glass, metal, and earthenware. Still modern archaeology, by applying appropriate techniques and comparative methods, aided by a few lucky finds from peat bogs deserts, and frozen soil is able to fill up a good deal of the gap.1.What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?A．To point out the importance of recent advances in archaeology.B．To describe an archaeologist’s education.C．To explain how archaeology is a source of history.D．To encourage more people to become archaeologists.2. The word “succinctly” in line 6 is closest in meaning to___A．concisely. B．briefly. C．clearly. D．appropriately.3. According to the passage, the archaeological record consists of ____A．spoken words of great historical significance.B．the fossilized results if human activity.materialsorganic materialsC．organicD．ephemeralideas.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of an organic material?A．stone. B．wool. C．grass. D．hair.5. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses_____A．techniques for recording oral histories.B．certain battlefield excavation methods.C．some specific archaeological discoveries.D．building materials of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.Passage TwoThe modern age is age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic light to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more thantwo centuries ago, Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of recorded, they form an electroencephalogram , which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small-often so mall that sensitiveinstruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can beastonishing.The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it lives (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts). As many as four-fifth of all the cells in the electric eel’s body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to the length of its body.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Electric eels are potentially dangerous.B. Biology and electricity appear to be closely related.C. People would be at a loss without electricity.D. Scientists still have much to discover about electricity.2. The phrase “grope about” inline 3 could best be replaced by______.A. A. feel feel feel aboutB. about B. move move move aboutC. about C. flickerD. flicker D. run run run away away3. The author mentions all of the following as results of a blackout EXCEPT_____.A. refrigerated food items may go bad.B. traffic light do not work.C. people must rely on candlelight.D. elevators and escalators do not function.4. Why does the author mention electric eels?A. To warn the reader to stay away from them.B. To compare their voltage to that used in houses.C. To give an example of a living electrical generator.D. To describe a new source of electrical power.5. It can be inferred from the passage that the longer an eel is the ______. A. more beneficial it will be to scienceB. more powerful will be its electrical chargeC. easier it will be to fidD. tougher it will be to eatPassage ThreeThe difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious under the conditions oftemperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth. A liquid can be kept in an open container and fills it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but tends to diffuse throughout the space available, it must therefore be kept in a closed container or held by a gravitational field, as in the case of a planet’satmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories describing the phase of matter. In the nineteenth century , for example ， one theory maintained that a liquid could be “dissolved” in a vapor without losing its identity, and another theory held that the two phases are made up of different kids of molecules: liquidond and gasons. The theories now prevailing take a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both forms of matter that have no permanent structure and they both flow readily. They are fluids.The fundamental similarity of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when the temperature and pressure are raised somewhat. Suppose a closed containerpartially filled with a liquid is heated .The liquid expands, or in other words becomes less dense as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination oftemperature and pressure at which the densities become equal is called the critical point. Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be distinguished; there is single, undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.1. According to the passage ,the difference between a liquid and a gas under normal conditions on Earth is that the liquid______.A. is affected by changes in pressureB. has a permanent structureC. C. forms forms forms a a a free free free surfaceD. surface D. is is is considerably considerably considerably more more more common common2. It can be inferred from the passage that the gases of the Earth’s atmosphere are contained by_________.A. A. a a a closed closed closed surfaceB. surface B. the the the gravity gravity gravity of of of the the the planet planetC. C. the the the field field field of of of spaceD. space D. its its its critical critical critical point point3. According to the passage, in the nineteenth century some scientists viewed liquidons and gasons as ________.A. A. fluidsB. fluids B. dissolving dissolving dissolving particles particlesC. heavy moleculesD. different types of molecules4. According to the passage , what happened when the temperature is increased in a closed container holding a liquid?a. the liquid and gas phases become more similar.b. the liquid and the gas become less dense.c. the container expands.d. the liquid evaporates out of the container.5. According to the passage, which of the following is the best definition of the critical point?a. when the temperature and the pressure are raised除草劑：巴斯德通过大量科学实验证明，如果生奶加工时温度超过℃，℃，则其中的营养物质和生物活性物质会被大量破坏，但如果低于℃时，则其营养物质和生活活性物质被保留，并且有害菌大部分被杀灭，有些有益菌却被存留。

2023年南昌大学学位英语考试真题

2023年南昌大学学位英语考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12023 Nanjing University Degree English ExamPart I: Reading ComprehensionSection A:Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The world is changing rapidly as a result of technological advancements. As we rely more and more on digital devices for communication, work, and entertainment, the need for individuals with strong technology skills has never been greater. This is particularly true in the field of education, where teachers must adapt to new platforms and tools to engage students in meaningful learning experiences.1. According to the passage, why is there a growing need for individuals with strong technology skills?2. How is the field of education impacted by technological advancements?Section B:Read the following passage and complete the sentences with the information provided.In recent years, the focus on sustainability has increased significantly as individuals and organizations recognize the importance of protecting the environment. Companies are implementing green practices to reduce their carbon footprint and minimize waste. This shift towards sustainability is not only beneficial for the planet but also for the long-term success of businesses.1. In recent years, the focus on sustainability has_________________.2. Companies are implementing green practices to_____________________________.Part II: WritingWrite an essay on the following topic:"In your opinion, what are the most significant challenges facing the world today? How can individuals contribute to addressing these challenges?"In your essay, be sure to:- Introduce the main challenges facing the world today.- Discuss how individuals can play a role in addressing these challenges.- Provide specific examples to support your argument.Part III: Listening ComprehensionYou will listen to a series of audio recordings and answer questions based on the content.Section A:Listen to the recording of a news report about climate change and answer the following questions.1. What are some of the consequences of climate change mentioned in the report?2. What can individuals do to reduce their carbon footprint?Section B:Listen to the recording of a conversation between two students discussing their plans for summer vacation. Answer the following questions.1. Where does Student A plan to travel for vacation?2. What activities does Student B suggest for their trip?Good luck on your exam!篇22023 NanChang University English Proficiency TestPart I: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will hear several short conversations and passages. At the end of each conversation or passage, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and passages will be read twice, but the questions will be read only once. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to each question.1. ConversationMan: Excuse me, is there a restaurant nearby?Woman: Yes, there's one just down this street. It's called Jade Garden.Man: Thank you.Question: Where is the restaurant located?A. Next doorB. Down the streetC. Across the roadD. Behind the building2. PassageThere are many different reasons why people choose to study abroad. Some want to experience a new culture, improve their language skills, or gain a global perspective. Whatever the reason, studying abroad can be a life-changing experience.Question: What is one reason why people study abroad?A. To stay in their comfort zoneB. To avoid new experiencesC. To improve their language skillsD. To isolate themselves from othersPart II: Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the answer sheet.Passage 1Technology has changed the way we live in many ways. One of the most significant changes is the way we communicate. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have made it easier for people to connect with each other, regardless of their physical location. However, this constant connection can also have negative effects on people's mental health.Question: What is one negative effect of social media on mental health?A. Increased social interactionB. Decreased feelings of lonelinessC. Comparison with othersD. Improved self-esteemPassage 2Climate change is a global issue that affects all countries. It is caused by the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, primarily due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. The consequences of climate change include rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and loss of biodiversity. It is important for everyone to take action to mitigate the effects of climate change.Question: What is one consequence of climate change?A. Decreased sea levelsB. Stable weather patternsC. Increased biodiversityD. Extreme weather eventsPassage 3The tourism industry plays a significant role in many economies around the world. It provides employment opportunities, promotes cultural exchange, and stimulates local economies. However, tourism also has negative effects, such as environmental degradation, cultural appropriation, and overtourism. It is important for sustainable tourism practices to be implemented to minimize these negative impacts.Question: What is one negative effect of tourism?A. Environmental protectionB. Cultural exchangeC. Local economic stimulationD. OvertourismPart III: WritingDirections: For this part, you are required to write an essay in response to the following question. Your essay should be at least 300 words long, with clear organization and well-supported arguments.Question: Discuss the importance of higher education in today's society.In today's society, higher education plays a crucial role in shaping individuals and society as a whole. Higher education provides individuals with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in their chosen careers. Additionally, it fosters critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving abilities, which are essential in a rapidly changing world.Furthermore, higher education promotes social mobility by providing access to opportunities that may not be available to individuals without a college degree. It also encourages lifelong learning and personal growth, allowing individuals to continually develop their skills and knowledge throughout their lives.Moreover, higher education contributes to economic development by producing a skilled workforce that drives innovation and productivity. Research conducted in universities also leads to new discoveries and advancements in various fields, which benefit society as a whole.In conclusion, higher education is essential for individuals to achieve their full potential and contribute meaningfully to society. It is important for policymakers to prioritize investment in higher education to ensure that everyone has access to quality education and opportunities for personal and professional growth.Overall, the 2023 NanChang University English Proficiency Test is designed to assess students' listening, reading, and writing skills in English. By testing these skills, the university aims to ensure that students are proficient in English and prepared for academic success. Good luck to all the test takers!篇32023 Nanchang University Degree English ExamPart I Listening Comprehension (30 points)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the fourpossible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Yes, it is.B. No, it's downstairs.C. No, it's on your right.D. No, it's far away.2.A. Yes, please.B. Yes, indeed.C. Yes, if possible.D. Yes, it's very kind of you.3.A. By ship.B. By coach.C. By air.D. By train.4.A. Thank you.B. I don't like it.C. Yes, I want to go.D. I won't be able to stand it. 5.A. Hello.B. Goodbye.C. Yes, I am.D. How do you do?6.A. A large one.B. A small one.C. Green ones.D. Any color.7.A. Yes, a long way.B. No, not very far.C. Sorry, I don't know.D. No, I can't tell.8.A. Certainly.B. That's OK.C. Of course.D. Not at all.9.A. Sure, just ask.B. I'm still waiting for it.C. Since Monday.D. Two days ago.10.A. It's 8:00.B. It's 8:10.C. It's 8:20.D. It's 8:30.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. The news report will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.News report 111.A. In a swimming pool.B. In a public park.C. In a shopping mall.D. In a natural reserve.12.A. 5 minutes.B. 15 minutes.C. 20 minutes.D. 30 minutes.News report 213.A. Travelers must have a vaccine passport.B. Travelers must wear masks during flights.C. Travelers must show a negative test result.D. Travelers must have a QR code for flight check-in.14.A. At 8:00 a.m.B. At 8:00 p.m.C. At 9:00 a.m.D. At 9:00 p.m.News report 315.A. Hiking.B. Swimming.C. Driving.D. Cycling.16.A. On Monday.B. On Tuesday.C. On Wednesday.D. On Thursday.Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements according to the information given in the passage.Passage 1Questions 17 to 20 are based on the following passage.The steppe eagle, native to Eurasia and Africa, breeds in southern parts of Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and the Middle East. The steppe eagle is known for its agility and speed in flight and has a wingspan of about two meters. This species migrates to South Africa and the Indian subcontinent for wintering. Thesteppe eagle feeds mainly on rodents, rabbits, and other small mammals.17. Where does the steppe eagle breed?18. What is the wingspan of the steppe eagle?19. Where does the steppe eagle migrate to for wintering?20. What does the steppe eagle mainly feed on?Passage 2Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Mangoes are juicy stone fruits belonging to the genus Mangifera. They are native to South Asia but are now grown in most tropical and subtropical regions. Mangoes are rich in vitamins A and C, dietary fiber, and antioxidants. They can be eaten fresh or used in smoothies, salads, and desserts.21. Where are mangoes native to?22. What are mangoes rich in?23. In addition to being eaten fresh, how else can mangoes be used?24. Why are mangoes considered healthy?25. Where are mangoes grown?Passage 3Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The Taj Mahal, situated in Agra, India, is a white marble mausoleum built in the 17th century by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is considered one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The Taj Mahal attracts millions of visitors each year.26. Where is the Taj Mahal located?27. When was the Taj Mahal built?28. Who was the Taj Mahal built by?29. What is the Taj Mahal made of?30. How many visitors does the Taj Mahal attract each year?Passage 4Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling, follows the adventures of a young wizard named Harry Potter and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley at Hogwarts School ofWitchcraft and Wizardry. The series consists of seven books, each corresponding to a year in Harry's education.31. Who is the author of the Harry Potter series?32. What is the name of the school in the series?33. How many books are in the Harry Potter series?34. What are the names of Harry's friends?35. What is the series about?Section BDirections: There are five passages in this section. Each passage is followed by four questions or incomplete statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 36 to 39 are based on the following passage.A solar eclipse occurs when the moon moves between the sun and Earth, blocking the sunlight. There are three types of solar eclipses: total, partial, and annular. The path of totality refers to the region where a total solar eclipse can be observed.36. What causes a solar eclipse?37. How many types of solar eclipses are there?38. What does the path of totality refer to?39. What is the difference between a total solar eclipse and a partial solar eclipse?Passage 2Questions 40 to 43 are based on the following passage.Antarctica is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent on Earth. It is home to diverse wildlife, including penguins, seals, and whales. Most of Antarctica is covered by ice, with some areas reaching depths of more than two miles.40. Which continent is the coldest, driest, and windiest?41. What kind of wildlife can be found in Antarctica?42. What is the main feature of Antarctica's landscape?43. How thick can the ice in Antarctica be in some areas?Passage 3Questions 44 to 47 are based on the following passage.The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications extending over 13,000 miles across northern China. It was built to protect China from invasions by various nomadic groups. The Great Wall has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987.44. What is the Great Wall of China?45. How long is the Great Wall of China?46. Why was the Great Wall built?47. When did the Great Wall become a UNESCO World Heritage Site?Passage 4Questions 48 to 51 are based on the following passage.The Louvre Museum, located in Paris, France, is the world's largest art museum and a historic monument. It houses thousands of works of art, including the Mona Lisa and the Venus de Milo. The Louvre is a popular tourist destination, attracting millions of visitors each year.48. Where is the Louvre Museum located?49. What is housed in the Louvre Museum?50. What are some famous works of art in the Louvre?51. How many visitors does the Louvre attract each year?Part III Writing (30 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic "My Dream Job." You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in English.1. Describe your dream job.2. Explain why it is your dream job.3. Discuss what steps you will take to achieve your dream job.Remember to write your composition neatly.【Notes】Nanchang University Degree English Exam is held annually in order to assess students' English proficiency and help them improve their language skills. The exam consists of Listening Comprehension, Reading Comprehension, and Writing sections, with each section designed to test different aspects of language ability. Students are encouraged to prepare well in advance and practice regularly in order to achieve a good result on the exam. Good luck to all the test-takers!。

全日制本科南昌大学学士学位英语考试真题

全日制本科南昌大学学士学位英语考试真题全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Big Sister's Crazy Hard College TestHi! My name is Lily and I'm 8 years old. My big sister Emily just took this really crazy hard test to get her bachelor's degree from Nanchang University. It was an English test and she studied sooooo much for it. I'm going to tell you all about it!Emily is 22 years old and she's been going to Nanchang University for 4 years to learn English. She wants to be an English teacher when she grows up. Nanchang University is in Nanchang, which is a big city in China. That's where we live too!To get her bachelor's degree, Emily had to take this big test called the Undergraduate English Degree Examination. It was a really really long test with lots of different sections. Emily said it took her almost 5 hours to finish the whole thing! Can you believe that? I get tired after just 1 hour of homework.The first part of the test was listening comprehension. That means Emily had to listen to recordings in English and answerquestions about what she heard. She said some of the recordings were newscasts about things happening in the world. Some were conversations between people. And some were lectures from teachers. Emily told me it was hard because she had to listen really carefully and take notes at the same time. Multitasking is tough!After the listening part, there was a reading comprehension section. Emily had to read a bunch of different passages and answer questions about the main ideas, details, vocab words, and other things. She said some of the passages were news articles, some were stories, and some were academic papers about science or history topics. It was a lot of reading!The next section tested Emily's writing skills. She had to write a short essay responding to a prompt in English. The prompt gave her an opinion about something and she had to either agree or disagree with reasons and examples. Emily's hand was so sore after writing her essay!Then there was a section on grammar and vocabulary. Emily had to identify errors in sentences, define hard vocab words, and fill in the blanks with the right grammar patterns. She told me these were some of the hardest questions because you really have to know English grammar rules super well.After that was the translation part of the test. For this, Emily had to translate passages from Chinese into English and English into Chinese. She said the Chinese to English translation was easier for her since she is a native Chinese speaker. But the English to Chinese was really difficult because English has so many idiomatic expressions.The very last part of the crazy long test was an oral exam. Emily had to go into a room and have a conversation with two teachers in English. They asked her questions about herself, her interests, her opinions on topics, and stuff like that. She had to respond with clear and natural English speaking. Emily was sooo nervous for this part!Phew! I got tired just from describing that huge test. I don't know how Emily made it through. She said it was one of the most challenging things she's ever done. But she felt really proud when she finally finished.After a few weeks, Emily got her results back. She passed the test and officially earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in English from Nanchang University! We had a big family celebration for her. My parents took us all out to her favorite restaurant and we got ice cream for dessert. Emily is going to start applying for English teacher jobs soon.I'm really happy for my sister and all her hard work paid off. But I'm also really glad that I'm just a kid and don't have to take any big tests like that for a super long time! Learning English sounds incredibly difficult when you get to the university level. I'll just stick to my easy English lessons for now.Well, that's the whole story about my sister Emily's crazy difficult English degree exam. It was such an enormous test with so many different parts. I have a whole new respect for Emily and how smart and hardworking she is. I'll never complain about my simple spelling tests again! Congratulations Emily - you earned that degree!篇2My Big Day at Nanchang UniversityWow, today was such a big day for me! I had to take a really important English test to try to get into the full-time undergraduate program at Nanchang University. I've been studying so hard and my mom and dad have been helping me practice every night after school.I was pretty nervous when I woke up this morning. My tummy had butterflies fluttering all around! I had a big breakfast of congee, eggs, and mantou to give me lots of energy for thetest. Then I put on my lucky red shirt that always helps me on important days.The test was held on the huge Nanchang University campus. It's a beautiful place with lots of old buildings and trees everywhere. I've driven past it with my parents before but I had never actually gone inside until today. The campus seemed so big and grand!When we arrived, there were hundreds of other students there taking the test too. We all had to line up and go through security checks before entering the exam hall. The rules were very strict - no talking, no cell phones, no cheating at all! I got a little worried seeing how serious everyone was.Finally it was time to begin the test. The first section was listening comprehension. We had to listen to recordings and answer questions about what we heard. Like when a man was giving cooking instructions and we had to identify the ingredients he listed. Or when a professor was lecturing and we had to say whether some statements were true or false based on her talk. I'm pretty good at listening, so I think I did okay on that part.Next up was reading comprehension which is one of my weakest areas. We had to read some super long passages aboutscience and history topics. Then we had to answer detailed questions showing we understood the main ideas, the author's opinion, the vocabulary used, and so on. I just tried my best but I definitely got stuck on some of the harder questions.The writing section was next. We had to write an essay arguing whether elementary schools should have uniforms. I think uniforms are a good idea to promote unity and prevent bullying over clothes. So I wrote about how I'm in favor of having uniforms as long as they look neat and professional. Hopefully I organized my arguments properly!Grammar was the final section and I was running out of steam by then. Having to identify errors and correct sentences is always so tricky. Things like subject-verb agreement, verb tenses, pronoun usage, and parallel structure. Luckily my parents had drilled me on grammar rules a ton while preparing for this test.Phew! After what felt like an eternity, the test was finally over. My brain was absolutely fried by the end. I'm not sure how well I did overall. Some parts went smoothly but other sections were quite difficult. I just put every ounce of effort into it that I could.My parents were waiting outside and greeted me with huge proud smiles when I emerged. We stopped for bubble tea on the way home as a little celebration treat. Now it's the agonizing waitto get my score back and find out if I get into Nanchang University's program!Keeping my fingers tightly crossed until then. If I don't make it this time, at least I gave it my all and learned so much by preparing. There's always next year to try again too. But oh, I really hope I get to attend such an amazing university! Stay tuned...篇3My Big English Test for My Bachelor's DegreeHi! My name is Lily and I'm 8 years old. I'm going to tell you all about the huge English test I had to take to get my bachelor's degree from Nanchang University. Yes, that's right - my bachelor's degree! I'm really smart for my age.It all started last year when I graduated from second grade at the top of my class. My parents were so proud of me for getting straight A++++++ grades. They said with grades like that, I could already apply to get my 4-year college degree!I wasn't sure at first, because 4 years of college is a really really long time for a kid. That's like 28 kid years! But my parents convinced me that it would be good to get my degree superearly, before I even hit double-digit ages. They said I'd be way ahead of all the other kids my age and I could basically just skip middle school and high school because what's the point after you've already graduated college?The only thing was, to get a bachelor's degree you have to take this terrrrrribly long English test to make sure you know English good enough. It's called the Nanchang University English Language Test for Undergraduates. Blech, that's a huge name! I'll just call it the Big English Test.Studying for the Big English Test was pretty hard work. Every day after school instead of watching my favorite cartoons, I had to read through big dusty books and do lots of practice test questions. My tutor Miss Zhang would rap my knuckles with a ruler if I started daydreaming about fun things like ice cream andpuppies. "No foolish dreams!" she would say. "Only English study for the Big Test!"Boy was the Big English Test hard! The first part was listening, which was pretty okay for me. They just played these boring conversations about things like grocery shopping or asking for directions. But I've watched so many English cartoons that listening isn't too bad. I just pretended the voices were my favorite cartoon characters and it was funnier.Then came the reading part, which was my least favorite. Soooooo many long reading passages about dry stuff like the history of ceramic pottery or biographies of ancient philosophers. BO-RING! Who wants to read about that stuff? I'd way rather read fun stories about magic tree houses or haunted schools for young wizards. But I forced myself to concentrate anyway.Next up was the writing section, where I had to write a whole essay about some topic like "What Formative Experiences Most Influenced Your Personal Growth?" Um......I'm 8. What personal growth?! I've basically just been a kid my whole life! So I just made up some nonsense about learning lessons of gratitude and humility from winning the middle school science fair. Sure...Finally, the speaking section rolled around. This wasn't too bad because I've been taking English speech classes forever. I just had to answer some questions and describe some pictures. Piece of cake! Although for one of them I had to describe the manufacturing process for ceramics based on a flow chart, which got kind of confusing and rearranged in my brain into some imaginary fantasy ceramics factory with singing teacups and elf workers. Whoops!Waiting for my Big English Test results was agooooony. Every day I bugged my parents, begging to know my score. Afterwhat felt like FOREVER, the results finally came in the mail. I ripped open the envelope with shaking hands and......YES I passed With flying colors too! My reading and writing were a little shaky, but I knocked the listening and speaking way out of the park. The letter said with scores like that, I was sure to "excel in an English-medium academic environment." You better believe it!A few weeks later, I got my actual Nanchang University bachelor's degree in the mail too. It's THIS big hanging on my bedroom wall! (I had to get one of those tiny kid graduate cap and gowns to wear for my pretend graduation ceremony). Whenever my friends come over now, I get to brag and be like "Oh psshhht, college? Yeah, been there, done that. What's the big deal?"So that's the story of how I, an 8-year-old kid, had to take the Big English Test and got my 4-year university bachelor's degree. Sure, it was hard and I literally had no idea what some of those essay topics were about. But I studied super hard, tried my best, and made it through! Who knows, maybe one day I'll be able to use my bachelor's and go get my master's or doctorate or something. A kid can dream, right? But for now, I'm just looking forward to a nice long summer vaca playing video games!THE END篇4My Big Adventure Taking the English TestHi there! My name is Lily and I'm 10 years old. I just had the craziest experience and I can't wait to tell you all about it! You see, my big sister Emily is a student at Nanchang University and she was taking her English test to get her bachelor's degree. I'm really good at English, so she asked if I could take the test for her. At first, I thought she was joking, but she looked really serious.After a little bit of begging from Emily, and her promising to get me extra dessert for a whole month, I finally agreed! I was super nervous but also really excited. English is my favorite subject and I've always dreamed of going to a big university someday.The day of the test, Emily dressed me up in her clothes and put on a wig to make me look older. I have to admit, I felt pretty silly, but I was determined to ace this test for her. We snuck into the testing hall and I found an empty desk to sit at. I tried to look very serious and university student-like.The test proctor handed out the exams and I couldn't believe how many pages it was! There were listening sections, reading comprehension, essay writing, grammar - you name it! I took a deep breath and got to work.The listening part was pretty tricky because they were talking about some really big concepts that I didn't fully understand. But I listened really carefully and tried my best. For the reading, I made sure to read every single word slowly and carefully. Some of the vocabulary was super advanced, but I've read a lot of books so I could figure most of it out.Then came the writing section where I had to write a whole essay about the importance of sustainability or something like that. I've watched a lot of nature documentaries, so I felt pretty good about that topic. I made sure to use lots of big words and really fancy sentences. Hopefully it impressed the graders!By the time I got to the grammar sections, I was starting to feel a little tired. Grammar has always been one of my weaknesses. But I powered through, diagramming sentences in my head and applying all the rules I've learned over the years.After what felt like an eternity, I was finally done! I couldn't believe I had made it through the entire test. My hand wascramped from writing so much. I quickly found Emily in the hall and we made our escape before anyone noticed the switch.A few weeks later, Emily got her test results back. She passed with flying colors! The graders had commented that her English skills were "exceptionally impressive for a university student." I just smiled really big because I knew the secret.Emily took me out for a huge ice cream sundae to celebrate and say thanks. It was one of the proudest moments of my life. Not only did I get to live out my dream of taking a university exam, but I totally rocked it too! Maybe I'll be a university student for real someday. Although next time, I'll let my future self do the hard work!篇5My Big Brother's Crazy English TestHi! My name is Xiao Ming and I'm 8 years old. I go to Nanchang Elementary School. My big brother Da Wei is 22 years old and he just graduated from Nanchang University with a bachelor's degree. He had to take the craziest English test ever to get his degree! Let me tell you all about it.The Test LocationThe test was held in the biggest classroom building on campus called the East Gate Building. It has 500 rooms! Can you imagine? My brother said he had to walk so far to get to his assigned room. When he got there, the room was huuuuuge with about 200 desks all spread out. The teachers made everyone spread out so nobody could cheat. My brother said he felt like a tiny ant in a giant's kitchen!The Test SectionsOkay, so the test had four main sections: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. First up was the listening section. The teachers played all these recordings of people talking in English - from the US, UK, Australia, you name it! My brother had to listen really carefully and answer multiple choice questions about what they said. He said it was hard because there were so many different accents to get used to.Next up was the crazy reading section. My brother had to read alllll these long passages about topics like science, history, culture, and more. The passages had nooo pictures, just words words words! After reading each one, he had to answer detailed questions to prove he understood everything. He said one passage was 30 pages long about the history of cooking spices.30 pages! My brain would melt trying to read that much.Then came the writing section, which was split into two parts. For the first part, my brother had to write a short essay of 300 words answering a question like "What is the biggest challenge facing the world today?" 300 words! That's like a billion words for an 8-year-old kiddo like me. For the second part, he had to read a longer passage and write a summary of the main points in 200 words. Aiya! So much writing!The final section was the speaking test. Oh man, this one was crazy. My brother had to go into a private room with a examiner and they gave him a random question to prepare for 2 minutes. Then he had to speak in English for 2 whole minutes about the topic without stopping! The examiner graded him on his grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and more. If he messed up, they wouldn't let him continue his degreeprogram. Stressful!!!My Poor BrotherJust listening to my brother describe this mega test is making me tired. He studied for almost a year to get ready. He read so many books, did practice tests, and listened to English recordings every night before bed. Whenever I saw him, his face was buried in a book or his headphones were on.On the day of the actual test, he had to wake up at 5am and didn't finish until 6pm! It was a 13 hour marathon. When he came home, he could barely speak he was so drained. All he did was drink water and sleep sleep sleep. I've never seen him so exhausted in my life.A Few Weeks LaterA few weeks after his monster test day, the results finally came out. He passed We all cheered and had a huge family dinner to celebrate. My brother keeps his test score report framed on the wall and everything. He worked so incredibly hard for that degree.I'm really proud of my brother for pushing through and passing that crazy English test. I can't even imagine having to do something so difficult and stressful at my age. Give me math homework over that any day! Hopefully my English tests when I get to university won't be that insane. But if they are, at least now I know what to expect!That's the story of my big brother's incredibly difficult Nanchang University English test for his bachelor's degree. The teachers sure like to make their students suffer, don't they? If you ever meet a Nanchang University graduate, you'll know theyearned that degree through blood, sweat, and tears! Us kids definitely have it easier.篇6My Big English Test for the Bachelor's DegreeHi there! My name is Lucy, and I'm a little girl in elementary school. I love to learn new things, especially when it comes to languages. You see, my dream is to become a world traveler and explore all the amazing places on our beautiful planet. That's why I've been studying English really hard – because it's one of the most widely spoken languages in the world!A few weeks ago, I had the opportunity to take a very special English test. It was called the "English Exam for the Bachelor's Degree at Nanchang University." Wow, that's a really long name, isn't it? Nanchang University is a famous university in China, and they wanted to see how good my English skills were.I was a little bit nervous at first, but my parents and teachers told me not to worry. They said that as long as I studied hard and did my best, everything would be just fine. So, I took a deep breath and got ready for the big day.The exam was split into four parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Let me tell you all about each one!ListeningThe listening part was really exciting! I had to listen to people talking in English and answer questions about what they said. There were conversations between friends, news reports, and even a story about a brave little girl who saved a puppy from a tree! I tried my best to pay close attention and understand every word.ReadingNext up was the reading section. I had to read different kinds of texts, like stories, articles, and even some poems. Some of the words were a little bit tricky, but I used the strategies my teacher taught me to figure out their meanings. I felt like a real detective, solving the mysteries of the English language!WritingWriting was one of my favorite parts of the exam. I got to write a short story about a magical adventure I went on with my best friend. We flew on the backs of talking butterflies and visited a land made entirely of candy! I tried to use all the fancywords and grammar rules I had learned to make my story as exciting and descriptive as possible.SpeakingLast but not least, it was time for the speaking part of the exam. I had to talk to a friendly examiner and answer their questions in English. They asked me about my hobbies, my family, and what I want to be when I grow up. I told them all about my dream of being a world traveler and how learning English will help me communicate with people from different countries.After the exam was over, I felt so proud of myself for giving it my all. Even though some parts were challenging, I knew that I had worked really hard and done my best. My parents and teachers were really proud of me too!A few weeks later, I received my results in the mail. I was so excited to open the envelope and see how I did. When I saw my score, I couldn't believe my eyes – I had passed the exam with flying colors! I was officially certified as having English skills at the bachelor's degree level from Nanchang University.I was overjoyed and couldn't wait to show my friends and family. We had a big celebration with cake and my favorite icecream flavor – double chocolate chip! I knew that this was just the beginning of my journey with the English language, and I couldn't wait to see where it would take me next.Who knows, maybe one day I'll even get to visit the wonderful city of Nanchang and see the university where I took my first big English exam. For now, I'll keep studying hard and dreaming big, because with English by my side, the world is my oyster!。

2021南昌大学学位英语考试真题

2021南昌大学学位英语考试真题一、听力（20分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How long does it take the speakers to go to London by train?A. 1 hour.B. 2 hours.C. 3 hours.2. What will the man do?A. Make tea.B. Have a cup of tea.C. Boil more water.3. What will the woman probably do? w W w . x K b 1.c o MA.Catch a train.B. See the man off.C.Go shopping.4. What will the woman do?A. Look for the keys to the house.B. Go to work.C. Have an interview.5. Why does the man want to take a picture of the womans son ?A. He is working for a newspaper.B. He is taking photos for a book.C. The womans son is very lovely.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

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南昌大学研究生期末考试英语试题样卷Final Test For Postgraduate Students of Grade 201XPart I. Vocabulary (20%)a. Choose the word or phrase that is closer in meaning to the underlined one. 1. During the past decades, the international community usually under the auspices of the UnitedNation, has struggled to negotiate global standards that can help us achieve many essential goals. A .With the advance of B. with the addition of C. with the view of D. with the help of 2. The mortality rate of children under five years old is an important indication of the situation of children in a country.A. growthB. birthC. deathD. injury3. The utilities contend that this reduced capacity will result in curtailed service and higher prices some years down the road.A. by the wayB. along the streetC. in the pastD. in the future 4. Stability at that level angurs well for the market, analysts say, while a plunge through it couldspark renewed selling of stocks.A.fallB. hurdleC. leapD. lead5. Most successful companies all over the world have well-established and identifiable lines oforganization.plicatedB. confusingC. recognizableD. formidable6. Milk chocolates have a less pronounced taste of chocolate and they are sweeter than darkchocolate and have a lighter color.A.distinctB. spokenC. articulatedD. uttered7. Prepare yourself for immersion into a diverse learning environment in which you’ll be asked tochallenge your pre-conveived notions about your own identity and abilities. A.rinsing B. drying C. shrinking D. involvement8. With the convenient online shopping services, customers can design and order apparel directlyfrom the virtual shops.A.appliancesB. merchandiseC. utilitiesD. clothes9. Meanwhile, a poll of Wall Street strategists found that not a single pundit was predicting thatAmerican shares would fall this year.A. brokerB. authorityC. shareholderD. scholarship10. The computer will play the pivotal role either in the basic medicine teaching or in the experimental teaching.A.importantB. crucialC. necessaryD. irreplaceableb. ClozeChoose an appropriate word from the box to fill in each of the following blanks. Change the form where necessary. You may not use any of the words in the box more than once.query aerial cognition expression attestrobotics meld cover vital ariseguideline deploy recapitulate endow collectionIn the journal Science, Professor Starkey calls for ethical guidelines to (1)______ all aspects of robotic technology, not just in the home and workplace, but also on the battlefield, where lethal robots such as the missile-armed Predator drones used in Iraq and Afghanistan are already (2)_____ with lethal effect. The US Future Combat System project aims to use robots as “force multipliers” ,with a singlesoldier initiating large-scale ground an (3)______ attacks by a robot droid army. “Robots for care and for war represent just two of many ethically problematic areas that will soon (4)______ from the rapid increase and spreading diversity of robotics appl ications,”Professor Starkey said ,“Scientists and engineers working in robotics must be mindful of the potential dangers of their work, and public and international discussion is (5)_____ in order to set policy guidelines for ethical and safe application before the guidelines set themselves.”The call for controls over robots goes back to the 1940s when the science-fiction author Isaac Asimov drew up his famous three laws of (6)_____.The first rule stated that robots must not harm people; the second that they must obey the commands of people provided them does not conflict with the first law; and the third law was that robots must attempt to avoid harming themselves provided this was not in conflict with the two other laws.Asimov wrote a (7)______ of science fiction series called I, Robot which exploited the issue of machines and morality. He wanted to counter the long history of fictional accounts of dangerous automatons—from the Jewish Golem to Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein—and used his three laws as a literary device to exploit the ethical issuesarising from the human interaction with non-human, intelligent beings. But late 20th--century predictions about the rise of machines (8)______ with superior artificial intelligence have not been realized, although robot scientists have given their mechanical protégés (门客) quasi-intelligent(准智能的) traits such as simplespeech recognition, emotional (9)______ and face recognition.Professor Starkey believe that even dumb robots need to be controlled.“I’m not sugge sting like Asimov to put ethical rules into robots, but to just to have (10)______ on how robots are used ,”he said.“Current robots are not bright enough even to be called stupid. If I even thought they would be superior in intelligence, I would not have these concerns. They are dumb machines not much brighter than the average washing machine, and that’s the problem.”Part II . Reading comprehension(20%)In this part, you will read four passages. You are required to choose the best answer to each question according to the passage and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet by blacking the letter in the brackets.Passage OneArchaeology(考古学) is a source of history, not just a humbleauxiliary discipline.Archaeological data are historical documents in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts. Just as much as any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to reconstitute the process that has created the human world in which we live---and us ourselves in so far as we are each creatures of our age and social environment. Archaeological data are all changed in the material world resulting from human action or, more succinctly, the fossilized results of human behavior. The total sum of these constitute what may be called the archaeological record. This record exhibits peculiarities and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather superficial contract between archaeologicalhistory and the more familiar kind based upon written records.Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air are certainly human changes in the material world and may be of great historical significance. Yet they have no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless they are captured by a Dictaphone or written down by a clerk. The movement of troops on the battlefield may “change the course ofhistory,” but this is equally ephemeral from the archaeologist’s standpoint. What is perhaps worse,most organic material are perishable. Everything made of wood, hide, wool, linen, grass, hair, and similar material conditions. In arelatively brief period the archaeological record is reduced to morescraps of stone, bone, glass, metal, and earthenware. Still modern archaeology, by applying appropriate techniques and comparative methods, aided by a few lucky finds from peat bogs deserts, and frozen soil isable to fill a good deal of the gap.1. What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?A. To point out the importance of recent advances in archaeology.B. To describe an archaeologist’s education.C. To explain how archaeology is a source of history.D. To encourage more people to become archaeologists.2. The word “succinctly” in line 6 is closest in meaning to ____.A. conciselyB. brieflyC. clearlyD. appropriately3. According to the passage, the archaeological record consists of_____.A. spoken words of great historical significanceB. the fossilized results of human activityC. organic materialsD. ephemeral ideas4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of anorganic material?A. stoneB. woolC. grassD. hair5. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses _____.A. techniques for recording oral historiesB. certain battlefield excavation methodsC. some specific archaeological discoveriesD. building materials of the nineteenth and twentieth centuriesPassage TwoThe modern age is age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights,radio,televisions, and televisions that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a powerfailure,people grope about in flicking candlelight,cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic light to guide them,and food spoils in silent refrigerators.Yet,people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago.Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years.Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity.As the heart beats,it sends out pulses of recorded,they form an electroencephalogram,which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working.The brain,too,sends out brain waves ofelectricity,which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram.Theelectric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small-often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals,certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all.When largenumbers of these cells are linked together,the effects can be astonishing.The electric eel is an amazing storage battery.It can send a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it lives (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts).As many as four-fifth of all the cells in the electric eel’s body are specialized for generating electricity,and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to the length of its body.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Electric eels are potentially dangerous.B. Biology and electricity appear to be closely related.C. People would be at a loss without electricity.D. Scientists still have much to discover about electricity.2. The phrase “grope about”in line 3 could best be replaced by_____.A. feel aboutB. move aboutC.flickerD.run away3. The author mentions all of the following as results of a blackout EXCEPT ______.A. refrigerated food items may go badB. traffic light do not workC. people must rely on candlelightD. elevators and escalators do not function4. Why does the author mention electric eels?A. To warn the reader to stay away from them.B. To compare their voltage to that used in houses.C. To give an example of a living electrical generator.D. To describe a new source of electrical power.5. It can be inferred from the passage that the longer an eel is the _____ .A. more beneficial it will be to scienceB. more powerful will be its electrical chargeC. easier it will be to findD. tougher it will be to eatPassage ThreeThe difference between a liquid and a gas is obvious under the conditions of temperature and pressure commonly found at the surface of the Earth.A liquid can be kept in an open container and fills it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but tends todiffuse throughout the space available,it must therefor be kept in a closed container or held by a gravitational field,as in the case of a planet’s atmosphere. The distinction was a prominent feature of early theories describing the phase of matter.In the nineteenth century,for example, one theory maintained that a liquid could be “dissolved” in a vapor without losing its identity,and another theory held that the two phases are made up of different kids of molecules:liquidons and gasons. The theories now prevailing take a quite different approach by emphasizing what liquids and gases have in common. They are both formsof matter that have no permanent structure and they both flowreadily.They are fluids.The fundamental similarity of liquids and gases becomes clearly apparent when thetemperature and pressure are raised somewhat. Suppose a closed container partially filled with a liquid is heated. The liquid expands, or in other words becomes less dense as the evaporated molecules are added to it. The combination of temperature and pressure at which the densities become equal is called the critical point.Above the critical point the liquid and the gas can no longer be distinguished;there is single,undifferentiated fluid phase of uniform density.1. According to the passage,the difference between a liquid and a gas under normal condition on Earth is that the liquid ______.A. is affected by changes in pressureB. has a permanent structureC. forms a free surfaceD. is considerably more common2. It can be inferred from the passage that the gases of theEarth’s a tmosphere atecontained by ______.A. a closed surfaceB. the gravity of the planetC. the field of spaceD. its critical point3. According to the passage,in the nineteenth century’s some scientists viewed liquidonsand gasons as ______.A. fluidsB. dissolving particlesC. heavy moleculesD. different types of molecules4. According to the passage,what happened when the temperature is increased in a closed container holding a liquid?A. the liquid and gas phases become more similar.B. the liquid and gas become less dense.C. the container expands.D. the liquid evaporates out of the container.5. According to the passage, which of the following is the best definition of the critical point?A. When the temperature and the pressure are raised.B. When the densities of the two phases are equal.C. When the pressure and the temperature are combined.D. When the container explodes.Passage FourYou are in a supermarket deciding what you want to buy.The tomatoes and corn look especially delicious,but wait! Do you stop and wonder if these vegetables are genetically modified?Wouldn’t you want to know before you bought them? Should they be labeled so that have the right to choose? What are genetically modified foods? Genes are theblueprints.Scientists can transfer the desirable genes of one organism to another,altering its genetic make-up.Scientists now are routinelyusing genes from bacteria,viruses,insects,fish,and animals to modify food crops.Supporters of genetically modified foods want crops that areresistant to herbicides(除草剂)plant killing chemicals that farmers use to kill unwanted weeds and plants.Supporters also say that these new genetically altered crops,such as corn,potatoes,soy beans are more resistant to certainbacteria,viruses and insects.Other claim that in the future,scientists will develop foods that are nutritious and able to prevent diseases.Opponents of genetically modified foods are worried about the dangers and they list many.They claim that we don’t know what the long-term effects of producing geneticallymodified foods will be,and once changes are made in the genetic structure of organisms,they cnnot be reversed.At the very last,opponents of genetically modified foods want producers and retailers to clearly mark products that containgenetically modified ingredients.Will all the technology result inbetter crops and healthier food?Or is there a risk to humans and environment that should not be ignored?Questions:1. What is the passage mainly talking about?2. Scientists can transfer the describe genes of one organism to another _____.3. What do the scientists use to modify food crops?4. Why do some people support genetic modified foods?5. What are the producers and retailers urged to do by the opponents?Part III .Translation (20%)a. Translate the following paragraph into English.巴斯德通过大量科学实验证明，如果生奶加工时温度超过85?，则其中的营养物质和生物活性物质会被大量破坏，但如果低于85?时，则其营养物质和生物活性物质被保留，并且有害菌大部分被杀灭，有些有益菌却被存留。