英汉名篇名译(4)明争暗斗,无师自通
翻译

人情狙诈,无过于京师。
余尝买罗小华墨十六铤,漆匣黯敝,真旧物也。
试之,乃抟泥而染以黑色,其上白霜,亦盦于湿地所生。
又丁卯乡试,在小寓买烛,爇之不燃。
乃泥质而幂以羊脂。
又灯下有唱卖炉鸭者,从兄万周买之。
乃尽食其肉,而完其全骨,内傅以泥,外糊以纸,染为炙煿之色,涂以油,惟两掌头颈为真。
又奴子赵平以二千钱买得皮靴,甚自喜。
一日骤雨,著以出,徒跣而归。
盖靿则乌油高丽纸揉作绉纹,底则糊粘败絮,缘之以布。
其他作伪多类此,然犹小物也。
有选人见对门少妇甚端丽,问之,乃其夫游幕,寄家于京师,与母同居。
越数月,忽白纸糊门,合家号哭,则其夫讣音至矣。
设位祭奠,诵经追荐,亦颇有吊者。
既而渐鬻衣物,云乏食,且议嫁。
选人因赘其家。
又数月,突其夫生还。
始知为误传凶问。
夫怒甚,将讼官。
母女哀吁,乃尽留其囊箧,驱选人出。
越半载,选人在巡城御史处,见此妇对簿。
则先归者乃妇所欢,合谋挟取选人财,后其夫真归而败也。
黎丘之技,不愈出愈奇乎!又西城有一宅,约四五十楹,月租二十余金。
有一人住半载余,恒先期纳租,因不过问。
一日,忽闭门去,不告主人。
主人往视,则纵横瓦砾,无复寸椽,惟前后临街屋仅在。
盖是宅前后有门,居者于后门设木肆,贩鬻屋材,而阴拆宅内之梁柱门窗,间杂卖之。
各居一巷,故人不能觉。
累栋连甍,搬运无迹,尤神乎技矣。
然是五六事,或以取贱值,或以取便易,因贪受饵,其咎亦不尽在人。
钱文敏公曰:“与京师人作缘,斤斤自守,不入陷阱已幸矣。
稍见便宜,必藏机械,神奸巨蠹,百怪千奇,岂有便宜到我辈。
”诚哉是言也。
人心狡诈,没有比京城里更厉害的。
我曾买到制墨名家罗小华的墨十六锭,装墨的匣子漆色暗旧,好像真是经过了许多年岁的东西。
等到一试,才发现是用泥巴捏成,外面染上了一层黑色,表面的白霜也是放在阴暗潮湿地方长出来的霉。
丁卯年参加乡试,在小小的住所买了蜡烛,点它点不燃,原来也是用泥捏的,外面蒙了一层羊油。
晚上又有卖烤鸭的,我的堂兄万周买了一只,原来是肉已经吃光了,而骨头架子保持完整,里面涂了一些泥巴,外面糊了一层纸,染成经过烧烤的颜色,涂上一层油,只有两只脚掌和头颈是真的。
《出师表》原文及英文对照版

《出师表》原文及英文对照版臣亮言:先帝创业未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也。
Permit me to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.然侍卫之臣不懈于内,忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也。
Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.诚宜开张圣听,以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。
This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也。
名篇名译(英译汉)

名篇名译0011.原文:It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.译文:世事皆利弊并存。
赏析:原句结构比较特殊("It is … that …"),理解起来有点困难。
“对谁都没有好处的风才是坏风”,也就是说大多数情况下风对人都是有好处、有坏处,在引申一步就是成了上面的译句。
林佩耵在《中英对译技巧》一书中(第68页)还给了几个相同结构的英文句子。
翻译的前提是理解。
有人指出。
市面上见到的翻译作品,有好多都带有因理解不正确而产生的低级错误,“信”都谈不上还妄谈什么“达”和“雅”!初学翻译的朋友,在理解原文上当不遗余力。
2.原文:Their language was almost unrestrained by any motive of prudence.译文:他们几乎爱讲什么就讲什么,全然不考虑什么谨慎不谨慎。
赏析:如果硬译,译文势必成了“他们的言论几乎不受任何深思熟虑的动机的约束”。
译者本其译,化其滞,将原句一拆为二,充分运用相关翻译技巧,译文忠实、通顺。
3.原文:Get a livelihood,and then practise virtue.译文:先谋生而后修身。
(钱钟书译)赏析:原句是祈使句,译句也传达出了训导的意味。
用“谋生”来译“Get a livelihood",用“修身”来译“practise virtue",可谓精当。
巧的是,原句七个词,译句也是七个汉字。
4.原文:I enjoy the clean voluptuousness of the warm breeze on my skin and the cool support of water.译文:我喜爱那洁净的暖风吹拂在我的皮肤上使我陶然欲醉,也喜爱那清亮的流水把我的身体托浮在水面。
(章振邦译)赏析:"voluptuousness"不会"clean",是"breeze""clean","support"不会"cool", 是"water""cool",这种“甲乙两项相关联,就把原属于形容甲的修饰语移属于乙”的修饰手法叫“移就”(transferred epithet)(《英语修辞赏析》,第145页)。
四大名著英文翻译

《红楼梦》:1、The Story of Stone《⽯头记》2、A Dream of Red Mansions/Chamber(红⾊⼤楼/房间的梦)3、The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl(⽜郎和织⼥)《三国演义》:1、《Romantic of Three Kingdoms》—— 三个王国的罗曼史《⽔浒传》1、《⼀百零五个男⼈和三个⼥⼈的故事》2、《All Men Are Brothers:Blood of the Leopard》——四海之内皆兄弟:豹⼦的⾎3、美国⼥作家赛珍珠翻译《⽔浒》七⼗⼀回本,取名为《四海之内皆兄弟》4、《OUTLAWS IN THE MARSH》——沼泽地⾥的逃犯最早德⽂译名是《强盗与⼠兵》;法⽂译名是《中国的勇⼠们》;英⽂译本为《在河边发⽣的故事》《西游记》:Journey to the West(去西⽅旅游)Monkey / The Monkey King(猴王)还有其他的:1、《⾦瓶梅》译成法⽂,题⽬成了《热恋的少⼥·中国13世纪的爱情故事》2、《聊斋志异》的意⼤利⽂版译作《⽼虎作客》3、《赵⽒孤⼉》由法国⽂学家伏尔泰改写后易名为《中国孤⼉》.译作,也有节译的.4、《警世通⾔》中的《杜⼗娘怒沉百宝箱》,德莫朗译成《蒙辱的东⽅⼥性》,⽽英⽂译名则是《名妓》.5 、《聊斋志异》Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio(摄影棚⾥的寂寞传奇)6、《西厢记》The Western Chamber(向西边窗⼝)8、《醒世恒⾔》Stories to Awaken Men(觉醒者的故事)9、《喻世明⾔》Stories to Enlighten Men(开导者的故事)10、《警世通⾔》Stories to Warn Men (警告者的故事)11、《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World(接触官⽅世界)12、《本草纲⽬》Outline of Herb Medicine(贺伯固医学概要)奇怪!13、《史记》 Records of the Historian(历史学家的纪录)14.《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror(以史为镜)。
名家古诗英译

《水调歌头》名家英译版两首昔胡仔曾说:“中秋词,自东坡《水调歌头》一出,余词尽废。
”认为这是写中秋最好的一首词,此说是一点也不过分的。
这首词仿佛是与明月的对话,在对话中探讨着人生的意义。
既有理性,又有情趣,很是耐人寻味。
或许,早在我们从课本上学到《水调歌头》之前,就已经在王菲的歌声中,在各类影视剧中接触到这首词了吧。
今天,跟着小编一起,来看看这首词的两个英译版吧。
分别是许渊冲先生以及林语堂先生的译作,大家更喜欢哪一个版本呢?《水调歌头》:明月几时有?把酒问青天。
不知天上宫阙、今夕是何年?我欲乘风归去,惟恐琼楼玉宇,高处不胜寒。
起舞弄清影,何似在人间?转朱阁,低绮户,照无眠。
不应有恨、何事长向别时圆?人有悲欢离合,月有阴晴圆缺,此事古难全。
但愿人长久,千里共蝉娟。
许渊冲先生译作:How long will the full moon appear?Wine cup in hand, I ask the sky。
I do not know what time of the year’Would be tonight in the palace on high。
Riding the wind, there I would fly,Yet I’m afraid the crystalline palace would beToo high and cold for me。
I rise and dance, with my shadow I play。
On high as on earth, would it be as gay?The moon goes round the mansions redThrough gauze-draped window soft to shedHer light upon the sleepless bed。
Why then when people part, is the oft full and bright?Men have sorrow and joy; they part or meet again;The moon is bright or dim and she may wax or wane。
汉英对照《增广贤文》(100-110)

汉英对照《增广贤文》(100-110)摘要: 胡晓阳译门内有君子,门外君子至;门内有小人,门外小人至。
东海曾闻无定波,北邙未肯留闲地。
趋炎虽暖,暖后更觉寒增;食蔗能甘,甘馀便生苦趣。
争名利,要审自己分量,休眼热别个,辄生嫉妒之心;撑门户,要算自己来路,莫步趋他人,妄起挪扯之计。
Gentlemen arrive from outside,If there are gentlemen inside;Villains arrive from outside,If there are villains inside.The Eastern Sea has no water without waves, Beimang Mountain has no places that are unused. Ingratiating yourself with the powerful and rich Can bring you some benefit,But when there is no more benefit,You feel even more dejected;Eating sugar cane can bring you some sweetness, But when the sweetness is gone,The lack of taste seems to become bitterness.To struggle for position,You need to measure your capacity;Do not admire othersBecause it will stimulate your envy.Remain within your financial meansWhen keeping up appearances,Do not follow in others' stepsAnd borrow and squander money extravagantly.家庭和睦,疏食尽有馀欢;骨肉乖违,珍馐亦减至味。
《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版
《出师表》原文与英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言:先帝创业未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也。
然侍卫之臣不懈于内,忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也。
诚宜开X圣听,以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。
Permit meLiang to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened.Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you.This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.宫中府中,俱为一体,陟罚臧否,不宜异同。
若有作奸犯科与为忠善者,宜付有司论其刑赏,以昭陛下平明之理,不宜偏私,使内外异法也。
出师表及英文翻译
诸葛亮《前出师表》Chu-Ko Kung—ming's Second Memorial to the Throne on his Expedition臣亮言:先帝创业未半,而中道崩殂。
今天下三分,益州疲敝,此诚危急存亡之秋也。
然侍卫之臣不懈于内;忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也.诚宜开张圣听,以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气;不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也.I, your humble subject Zhuge Liang,have this to say: The late Emperor had by far not yet attained his objective of restoring the Han Dynasty before he deceased halfway in his career。
Now the country is divided into three camps, and Yizhou has exhausted it resources。
It is indeed a critical moment when survival is at stake。
However, the royal guards keep vigilant at court while the loyal soldiers with high aim fight selflessly on the battlefield,because they bear in mind the late Emperor’s special grace, wishing to repay it to Your Majesty。
It would be most judicious that you give more open-minded hearing to your counselors, so as to aggrandize his legacy of noble virtues and heighten the armymen’s morale. In the meantime,it would be inadvisable to strain your modesty or make inapt remarks,thus blocking faithful remonstrances。
四大古典小说名著英译
汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
本书材料均选自北京燕山出版社出版的《毛 宗岗批评三国演义》,是毛纶、毛宗岗父子对 一种接近于罗贯中原著的底本进行了增删后的 本子。最早出现的《三国演义》多为二百四十 节本,每节前有一句提纲挈领的回目概述本节 主要内容,合成一百二十回本时,将两节合并 成一回,一句话的回目就变成了两句话。毛宗 岗加工整理时,将每回的两句话的回目变成了 对偶句,在每回的前面都加上了评语。
汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
这是《三国演义》第二回的开头一段,前面说到,刘
备引关、张去助卢植,不料朝廷已差董卓接替了卢植。 他们正要引军回去,恰遇董卓被黄巾军杀得大败。刘 备等慌忙投入战斗,杀败黄巾军,救了董卓。谈话之 间,董卓了解到刘备没有官职,因而非常怠慢。刘备 等人救了董卓反遭到他的冷遇,使张飞非常气恼。翻 译这段文字主要涉及三个方面的古文化:我国古代的 姓名文化、职官文化和地理文化。下面仅就引文所涉 及的姓名文化作一点说明。文中称刘备为玄德,称其 字而不直呼其名,是表示尊敬。关公即关羽,字云长, 关公是后人对他尊称。刘备是皇室之胄,在《三国演 义》中被作者视为正统,因而常用尊称。关羽则因其 忠义精神受到后人的尊敬,在《三国演义》中也常用 尊称指代,张飞却没有享受到类似的待遇。
汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
4.2.3
The Chinese history witnessed the empire alternating between unity and division, long and short. At end of the warring state period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, seven powerful kingdoms were fighting against each other until Qin conquered the other six and unified China. When Qin fell apart, the two powers Chu and Han were engaged in civil wars until Han conquered the other and unified the country. The Han Dynasty can be traced back to Gaozu, the first emperor, who staged an uprising by slaying a serpent and established a unified empire. During the Western Han (so called for its capital Chang’an, located to the west of Luoyang), the throne was passed along the family line until it was usurped by Wang Mang, emperor of Xin, which was overthrown by a peasant uprising. Then Emperor Guangwu took the advantage of the chaos and restored the sovereign. Emperor Guang Wu moved the capital from Chang’an to Luoyang, hence the Eastern Han. The dynasty passed its throne again along the family line to Emperor Xian when it fell into three kingdoms: Wei, Shu and Wu.
出师表原文及英文对照王洛勇版
出师表原文及英文对照王洛勇版This model paper was revised by the Standardization Office on December 10, 2020《出师表》原文及英文对照-王洛勇版臣亮言:先帝创业未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此诚危急存亡之秋也。
然侍卫之臣不懈于内,忠志之士忘身于外者,盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也。
诚宜开张圣听,以光先帝遗德,恢弘志士之气,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。
Permit me Liang to observe: the late emperor was taken from us before he could finish his life's work, the restoration of the Han. Today, the empire is still divided in three, and our very survival is threatened. Yet still the officials at court and the soldiers throughout the realm remain loyal to you, your majesty. Because they remember the late emperor, all of them, and they wish to repay his kindness in service to you. This is the moment to extend your divine influence, to honor the memory of the late Emperor and strengthen the morale of your officers. It is not the time to listen to bad advice, or close your ears to the suggestions of loyal men.宫中府中,俱为一体,陟罚臧否,不宜异同。
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第一篇:单句篇
7.原文:These alternations of mood were the despair and joy of Ethan Frome.
译文:她这样一会儿一种情绪,叫伊坦时而灰心,时而高兴。
解说:该句译文出自吕叔湘先生。
将"alternations of mood"掰开译为“一会儿一种情绪”,后面跟上“叫伊坦时而灰心,时而高兴”,自然、流畅。
对比原文和译文,自能体会译者翻译手段的高超。
个人观点:接触翻译练习以来,经常碰到"alternation,alternative"类似的词,真的不怎么好翻。
alternative是“两者或两者以上选择的其中之一”。
alternation则是“轮流,交替”,此处化解成“一会儿一种情绪”也就不难理解了。
不过,因为没有上下文,自己没看翻译前,可真是雾水,雾水...
原文出处:该句择自Edith Wharton(伊迪丝·华顿)的小说Ethan Frome(在例句6中,我们也已接触过其另一部作品ROME FEVER).文中的Ethan为小说中的男主角。
该小说还在1992年被拍成了电影。
8.原文:Paula didn't need any lessons when it comes to office politics.
译文:说到办公室里明争暗斗那一套,葆拉可算是无师自通。
解说:坊间可见的翻译教程在论及词的翻译时,大多谈到了词义的引申,学习翻译的朋友对此也烂熟于心,但如何引申,却是个大学问。
"office politics"引申为“办公室里明争暗斗”不能不让人佩服。
没有对其词义的深刻理解,是断然不敢这么大胆的;"didn't need any lessons "译为“可算是无师自通”,也颇值得称道;再加上句子结构的适当调整,佳译便诞生了。