英国文学史及选读课第一课简介1
英国文学史及选读(Lecture 1)
The Flea
Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which thou denies me is; Me it sucked first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea our two bloods mingled be; Thou know’st that this cannot be said A sin, or shame, or loss of maidenhead, Yet this enjoys before it woo, And pampered swells with one blood made of two, And this, alas, is more than we would do.
Requirements for this course: 1. Class attendance; 2. A wide reading before and after class; 3. Remembering some important facts; 4. Class discussion.
small wingless jumping insect feeding on human and other blood
over-indulge
Oh stay, three lives in one flea spare, Where we almost, nay more than married are. This flea is you and I, ant this Our marriage bed and marriage temple is; Though parents grudge, and you, we are met, And cloistered in the living walls of jet.
英国文学史及选读课件 1 History and Anthology
主要作家及作品选读
D.H.劳伦斯（D.H. Lawrence）：劳伦斯是现 代英国文学的重要作家之一，他的作品以探 讨人性、爱情和性为主题，代表作有《儿子 与情人》（Sons and Lovers）和《查泰莱 夫人的情人》（Lady Chatterley's Lover） 等。
文学特点与影响
文学特点
强调个性、情感、想象力和自然；反对古典主义的规则和约束；寻求新的创作 灵感和表达方式。
对后世影响
浪漫主义文学对后世产生了深远的影响，包括对现代主义、后现代主义等文学 流派的启示；对自然和情感的关注也影响了后来的生态批评和女性主义批评等 文学理论。
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现代时期英国文学
背景介绍
作品和作家。
提高文学鉴赏能力
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通过阅读和分析经典文学作品，培养学生的审美意识、文学感
受力和批判思维。
拓展文化视野
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通过了解英国文学的历史背景、文化内涵和社会意义，增进学
生对英国文化的认识和理解。
英国文学史概述
古代和中世纪文学
包括古希腊罗马文学影响、中世纪宗教文学 和骑士文学等。
文艺复兴时期文学
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18世纪英国文学
背景介绍
18世纪英国社会变革
文学市场的形成
18世纪的英国经历了工业革命、政治 变革和社会转型，这些变化对文学产 生了深远影响。
随着印刷技术的进步和出版业的发展 ，文学作品得以更广泛地传播，形成 了文学市场。
启蒙运动的影响
启蒙运动的思想家们强调理性、科学 和进步，这些观念在18世纪英国文学 中得到了体现。
英国文学史及作品选读课件Chapter 1The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1066)
Anglo-Saxon theologian and historian whose major work, Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation (731), written in Latin, remains an important source of ancient English history. He introduced the method of dating events from the birth of Christ.
(2) King Alfred
Known as “the Great.” (849-899)
King of the West Saxons (871-899), scholar, and lawmaker who repelled the Danes and helped consolidate England into a unified kingdom.
Chapter Ⅰ The Anglo-Saxon Period
(450-1066)
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3. Historical background:
(1) The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the Celts;
(2) 43-ca.420 Roman invasion and occupation of Britain
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4. King Arthur
The Anglo-Saxon Occupation: The native Britons (Celts) were finally confined to the mountainous region of Wales where the modern form of their language is spoken alongside English to this day. In defeat, the Britons produced a body of stories revolving a legendary ruler called Arthur who had fought heroically against the Anglo-Saxon invaders.
英国文学史及选读
英国文学史及选读1Part 1. The Anglo-Saxon PeriodBeowulf (the national epic of the English people) stricking feature: alliteration, metaphors and understatements. CaedmonParaphrase of the Bible/ (the first known religious poet of England) Cynewulf The Christ /( poet on religious subjects)Part 2. The Anglo-Norman PeriodSir Gawain and the Green Knight/ a mixture of Anglo-Saxon poetry and French poetry. (alliterative verse with metrical verse ), The poem reflects the ideal of feudal knighthood. A true knight should not only dedicate himself to the church, but also possess the virtues of great courage, of fidelity to his promise, and of physical chastity and purity.Part 3. Geoffrey Chaucer Geoffrey Chaucer 1340-1400The House of Fame ; Troilus and Criseyde (long narrative poem);Legend of Good Women (first used heroic couplet); The Parliament of Fowls poetry ：Canterbury Tales / Significance(重要性): It gives a comprehensive picture of Chaucer’s time ; It has a dramatic structure; It re flects Chaucer’s humor ; It shows Chaucer’s contribution to the English language and poetry. his contribution to English poetry: 1.introduced from france the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (the heroic couplet), 2.Is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. Who making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech. 3.He is considered as the founder of English poetry. Part 4. The English renaissance(英国文艺复兴)Thomas More(托马斯.莫尔) Utopia(乌托邦) ( He is the outstanding humanist) Lyrical poems(抒情诗) Thomas Wyatt(托马斯.怀亚特)(the first to introduce the sonnet<十四行诗> into English literature); Henry Howard; Philip Sidney; Thomas Campion Epic poem(史诗) Edmond Spenser The Faerie Queen Novels John Lyly(Eupheus gives rise to the term euphuism ); Thomas Lode (they dealing with court life and gallantry Thomas Deloney; Thomas Nashe (they are realistic authors devoted to the everyday life of craftsman, merchants and other representatives of the lower classes.) Francis Bacon(弗兰西斯.培根)1561-1626 The philosophical: Advancement of Learning ; Novum Organum 新工具; De Augmentis The literary: Essays(随笔)(Of Truth, Of Death; Of Revenge, Of Friendship ) The professional: treatises entitled Maxims of the Law and Reading on the Statute of Uses The founder of English materialist philosophy Drama Christopher Marlowe ( the greatest pioneer of English drama who made blank verse the principle vehic le of expression in drama); Robert Greene George Green /the Pinner of WakefieldWilliamShakespeare1564-1616 (37plays, two narrative poems, 154sonnets) The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of Verona维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry the Fifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）; The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯·安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯·凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;Venus and Adonis维诺斯·阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗The Great Comedie(伟大的喜剧)s: A Midsummer Night’s Dream; The Merchant of V enice; As You Like It ;Twelfth Night;The Great Tragedies(伟大的悲剧): The Tragedy of Hamlet; Othello; King Lear; The Tragedy of Macbeth;The Later Comedies(romances): Pericles; Cymbeline; The Winter’s Tale; The Tempest;Part 5. The English Bourgeois revolution period and RestorationJohn Milton1608-1674 Shorter poems: L‘Allegro欢乐的人;Il Penseroso沉思的人;Comus科马斯;Lycidas;Principle pamphlets: Areopagitica论出版自由; Eikonoklastes; Defense for theEnglish people;Poem: Paradise Lost (The poem was written in blank verse); Paradise Regained;John Bunyan1628-1688 The Pilgrim’s Progress(It is the greatest English allegory, its style is simple and biblical)John Donne1572-1631 Poetry(love lyrics & religious poems);Sonnets(The founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry)John Dryden Critic, poet and playwright of restoration periodPart 6. The eighteenth CenturyThe Age of Enlightenment or The Age of ReasonEnlightenment Alexander Pope；Joseph Addison&Richard Steele The Spectator；Jonathan Swift；Daniel Defoe；Henry Fielding；Richard B. Sheridan；Oliver Goldsmith；Edward Gibbon；Samuel JohnsonPope exercised the greatest influence on the 18th century poetry;Swift is the most outstanding personality, Gulliver’s TravelsNeoclassicism John Dryden, Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, Henry Fielding, Samuel Johnson, Oliver Goldsmith, Edward Gibbon The Decline & Fall of theRoman Empire Neoclassical poetry, as represented by Dryden, Pope & Johnson, reachedits stylistic perfection during the periodModern Realistic Novel Defoe Robinson Crusoe,Richardson,Fielding, Sterne, Goldsmith, T.G..Smollet’s satirical novel The adventures of Roderick RandomFielding and Smollet are the real founders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel in England and Europe.Richardson displays the innermost life of an individual, Pamela or Virtue Rewarded, he History of a Young Lady, The History of Sir Chares GrandionGothic Novel The real originator of English Gothic novel was Horace Walpole Castle of Otranto；Mary Shelley Frankenstein;Ann Radcliff The Mysteries of UdolphoSentimentalism Novels: Laurence Stern Sentimental Journey;Tristram Shandy；Oliver Goldsmith The Vicar of WakefieldPoetry: Thomas Gray’s An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard;Goldsmith’s The Deserted Village;George Crabbe The VillageSatire Pope , Swift, Richard B. Sheridan School for ScandalPre-Romanticism in poetry, which was ushered in by Percy Macpherson & Chatterton, and represented by William Blake&Robert Burns。
《英国文学选读》教案
《英国文学选读》教案第一章：概述1.1 课程介绍本课程旨在通过阅读和分析英国文学的经典作品，使学生了解英国文学的发展脉络，感受英国文学的魅力，提高英语阅读和鉴赏能力。
1.2 教学目标通过本章学习，学生将了解英国文学的基本概念、发展历程和主要流派，为后续章节的学习奠定基础。
1.3 教学内容1.3.1 英国文学的起源与发展1.3.2 英国文学的主要流派1.3.3 英国文学的重要时期1.4 教学方法采用讲授、讨论和阅读相结合的方式进行教学。
1.5 作业与评估第二章：文艺复兴时期2.1 时代背景2.2 莎士比亚2.2.1 生平简介2.2.2 代表作品2.2.3 作品分析：《哈姆雷特》2.3 斯宾塞2.3.2 代表作品2.3.3 作品分析：《仙后》2.4 作业与评估第三章：启蒙时期3.1 时代背景3.2 约翰·洛克的《人类理解论》3.2.1 生平简介3.2.2 代表作品3.2.3 作品分析：关于知识的来源和范围3.3 丹尼尔·笛福3.3.1 生平简介3.3.2 代表作品3.3.3 作品分析：《鲁滨逊漂流记》3.4 作业与评估第四章：浪漫主义时期4.1 时代背景4.2 威廉·华兹华斯4.2.1 生平简介4.2.2 代表作品4.2.3 作品分析：《抒情歌谣集》4.3 简·奥斯汀4.3.2 代表作品4.3.3 作品分析：《傲慢与偏见》4.4 作业与评估第五章：维多利亚时期5.1 时代背景5.2 查尔斯·狄更斯5.2.1 生平简介5.2.2 代表作品5.2.3 作品分析：《双城记》5.3 夏洛蒂·勃朗特5.3.1 生平简介5.3.2 代表作品5.3.3 作品分析：《简·爱》5.4 作业与评估第六章：现代主义时期6.1 时代背景6.2 詹姆斯·乔伊斯6.2.1 生平简介6.2.2 代表作品6.2.3 作品分析：《尤利西斯》6.3 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫6.3.2 代表作品6.3.3 作品分析：《到灯塔去》6.4 作业与评估第七章：当代文学7.1 时代背景7.2 威廉·戈尔丁7.2.1 生平简介7.2.2 代表作品7.2.3 作品分析：《蝇王》7.3 伊恩·麦克尤恩7.3.1 生平简介7.3.2 代表作品7.3.3 作品分析：《儿童的行为》7.4 作业与评估第八章：英国戏剧8.1 概述8.2 威廉·莎士比亚8.2.1 生平简介8.2.2 代表作品8.2.3 作品分析：《哈姆雷特》8.3 约翰·奥斯汀8.3.2 代表作品8.3.3 作品分析：《的意思》8.4 作业与评估第九章：英国诗歌9.1 概述9.2 乔治·戈登·拜伦9.2.1 生平简介9.2.2 代表作品9.2.3 作品分析：《曼弗雷德》9.3 阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生9.3.1 生平简介9.3.2 代表作品9.3.3 作品分析：《悼念》9.4 作业与评估第十章：英国小说10.1 概述10.2 简·奥斯汀10.2.1 生平简介10.2.2 代表作品10.2.3 作品分析：《傲慢与偏见》10.3 查尔斯·狄更斯10.3.2 代表作品10.3.3 作品分析：《双城记》10.4 作业与评估第十一章：英国散文11.1 概述11.2 弗朗西斯·培根11.2.1 生平简介11.2.2 代表作品11.2.3 作品分析：《论读书》11.3 约瑟夫·艾迪生11.3.1 生平简介11.3.2 代表作品11.3.3 作品分析：《闲散人的散步》11.4 作业与评估第十二章：英国童话与儿童文学12.1 概述12.2 简·奥斯汀12.2.1 生平简介12.2.2 代表作品12.2.3 作品分析：《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》12.3 路易斯·卡罗尔12.3.2 代表作品12.3.3 作品分析：《彼得潘》12.4 作业与评估第十三章：英国女性文学13.1 概述13.2 简·奥斯汀13.2.1 生平简介13.2.2 代表作品13.2.3 作品分析：《傲慢与偏见》13.3 勃朗特姐妹13.3.1 生平简介13.3.2 代表作品13.3.3 作品分析：《呼啸山庄》13.4 作业与评估第十四章：英国文学与历史的关系14.1 概述14.2 威廉·莎士比亚14.2.1 生平简介14.2.2 代表作品14.2.3 作品分析：《理查二世》14.3 托马斯·哈代14.3.2 代表作品14.3.3 作品分析：《德伯家的苔丝》14.4 作业与评估第十五章：英国文学与文化的交融15.1 概述15.2 乔治·奥威尔15.2.1 生平简介15.2.2 代表作品15.2.3 作品分析：《1984》15.3 阿兰·德波顿15.3.1 生平简介15.3.2 代表作品15.3.3 作品分析：《爱情的艺术》15.4 作业与评估重点和难点解析本文主要介绍了《英国文学选读》课程的教案，内容涵盖了文艺复兴时期、启蒙时期、浪漫主义时期、维多利亚时期、现代主义时期、当代文学、英国戏剧、英国诗歌、英国小说、英国散文、英国童话与儿童文学、英国女性文学、英国文学与历史的关系以及英国文学与文化的交融等十五个章节。
英国文学史及作品选读课件Chapter 1The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1066)
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(2) Caedmon:
The earliest English poet. According to Bede, he was an elderly herdsman who received the power of song in a vision. died c. 680
(2) Anglo-Norman Period (Middle English)--- as a result of Norman conquest of the island.
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3. Historical background:
(1) The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the Celts;
King Alfred’s contribution to English literature: 3 aspects.
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King Alfred’s Contribution to English Language &British Literature
In the 9th century, the Christian Anglo-Saxons were invaded by the Danes. The Danes occupied the northern part of the island. They were stopped by Alfred, King of the West Saxons from 871 till 899, who for a time united all the kingdoms of southern England. Alfred translated various works from Latin. Practically all of Old English poetry is preserved in copies made in the West Saxon dialect after the reign of Alfred.
英国文学史及选读1翻译
英国文学史及选读1翻译第一部分：英国文学史概述英国文学拥有悠久的历史，自中世纪晚期开始至今，经历了多个重要时期的发展和变革。
本文档旨在概述英国文学史的主要阶段，并进行部分重要作品的选读翻译。
1. 中世纪文学中世纪文学是英国文学史的起点，主要以教会为中心。
其中最著名的作品之一是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales），由乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）创作于14世纪末。
本书以描绘各式各样的故事和人物为特色，反映了当时社会的面貌。
部分作品翻译示例：•坎特伯雷故事集（精选）–故事一：“骑士故事”（The Knight’s Tale）在古代雅典，有两位骑士为了同样的女性而展开激烈的角逐。
–故事二：“约翰故事”（The Miller’s Tale）一位老蠢材告诉了关于一位受骗的年轻学者和一个花心的妻子的故事。
2. 文艺复兴时期文艺复兴时期是英国文学史上的黄金时期，涌现出许多重要的作家和作品。
莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）是这一时期的代表性人物，他的作品包括戏剧、sonnet 等多种形式。
此外，约翰·密尔顿（John Milton）的《失乐园》（Paradise Lost）也被认为是文艺复兴时期的经典之作。
部分作品翻译示例：•莎士比亚戏剧选读-《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）-《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）-《麦克白》（Macbeth）•约翰·密尔顿《失乐园》（选读）探讨人类起源、罪恶和救赎的叙事诗，描述了亚当和夏娃被逐出伊甸园的故事。
3.18世纪启蒙运动18世纪是英国文学史上启蒙运动的时期，以理性和思想自由为核心。
重要的作家包括弥尔顿（John Milton），斯威夫特（Jonathan Swift）和詹姆斯·麦克菲尔（James Macpherson）。
部分作品翻译示例：•斯威夫特《格列佛游记》（选读）这本小说通过一个航海家的冒险旅程，揭示了社会和政治问题，具有强烈的讽刺意味。
英国文学史及选读chapter 1
from the 9th to 10th centuries.
In late 9th century King Alfred the Great (A.D. 849 – 901?) of the Kingdom of Wessex successfully led the English people in a protracted war against the invading Danes 丹麦人 who were threatening to overrun the whole country. The invaders were repulsed 击退 and gradually all the kingdoms in England were united into one.
During their rule the Romans built roads, walls, garrisons 要塞, villas 附有地产的乡间宅 第或庄园, etc., and the Celts became either slaves or unfree cultivators耕者 of the land. Then in early 5th century, as the Germanic 日 耳曼民族的 races attacked and overran侵占 the Roman Empire, the Roman garrisons 守 备部队 in Britain withdrew.
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From millions and thousands and hundreds of works, we draw every lesson we need in our life.
• Hamlet (drama)
to be decisive & certain of truth can cost our dearest; to love others and be loved by others, we must not lose ourselves; the life of an individual is revealed in its relations with social, political and historical surroundings;
Welcome to the world of
Oh literature, oh the glorious Art, how it preys upon the marrow in our bones. It scoops the stuffing out of us, and chucks us aside. Alas! --D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930) English writer Literature is analysis after the event. --Doris Lessing (1919-?) British writer If a nation's literature declines, the nation atrophies and decays. --Ezra Pound (1885-1972) American poet, critic and intellectual
History & Anthology of English Literature
Presented by Sarah Sun
References: Classical Readings of English Literature
A Concise History of English Literature
What is Literature?
• • • • • • Novels? Poems? Essays? Dramas? All above? Or others?
YES, all of them are parts of literature. BUT NONE of them is
In fact, literature is not only past, but also the present and future.
•
•
•
• To learn to read is to light a fire; every syllable that is spelled out is a spark. --Victor Hugo (1802-1885) French poet, dramatist and novelist • When you reread a classic, you do not see more in the book than you did before; you see more in you than there was before. --Clifton Fadiman (1904-1999) American editor and writer • Early in the morning, at break of day, in all the freshness and dawn of one's strength, to read a book --I call that vicious! --Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) German-Swiss philosopher and writer
• Jane Eyre (novel)
• Don Juan (poem) don juan
Literature can help us:
• Read the most beautiful English • Learn English literary knowledge, improve appreciative ability • Broaden horizon & know more English culture and thoughts • Enrich sensational feelings & cultivate humanities
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Literature is a defense against to life: ''You can't deceive me. I know your habits, foresee and enjoy watching all your reactions, and steal your secret by involving you in cunning obstructions that halt your normal flow.'' --Cesare Pavese (1908-1950) Italian poet, critic, novelist, and translator