tess悲剧的原因 苔丝

Chapter Three: The cause of Tess’s tragedy genera ted.Ⅰ. Social reason1.1 PovertyT he past century, Tess’s tragedy had move thousands of hund reds of people all over the world. T ess was beguiled and viola ted by a young landlord, Alec, then pregnancy, so that she w as deprived of receiving the authentic love so as to be discar ded by her husband, Angel, during the wedding night. Extrem ely having no alternative, she regained the Alec’s, but titular h usband was coming back from Brazil unawares and looking fo r her. For her authentic love, Tess killed Alec who devastated her life. After Tess just spending her last three-day-and-night’s happy time in her poor life with Angel, the gods had tinished their sport with Tess. The social background of this story was changing society at the turning point of feudalism to capitalis m when thousands of decayed peasants suffering. And the hu man factors here mainly concern two men—Alec and Angel. T hough the first two causes played an important role in Tess’s tragedy, Take root reason was the sex discrimination. The solution was to achieve the real equality of male and female, no matter in social status or financial situations. Surely this requir es the advancing of the society and human civilization.First, Tess’s tragedy was from society. The poor family backgr ound foreshadows tragedy. She was a victim under the interior circumstances. Necessarily, Desting of Tess was miserable in the collision between human and environment. Tess lived at t he era of victory the village was invaded and drugged by Eng lish capitalism. As a humble worker, Tess got all kinds of oppr essions and insults. Along with invasion of the capitalism, thos e farmers who were self-reliant for food and occupied few lan d, all had to ruin. The haggling business, which had mainly d epended on the horse, became disorganized forth with. Distres s, if not penury, loomed in the distance. In face of back again st wall, Tess had to cast herself on Alec for sustain her paren ts and kid-sister.1.2 Partial rolesNext, the partial role was an important reason of Tess’s trage dy. In the society of capitalism, the precondition of laws was t hat took care of the convenience of bloodsuckers and admitte d the power of bloodsuckers oppressed people, it served for the governor. As the plutocratic duck, Alec was preserved by t he law, but Tess was killed. It just explained the counteraction of the rules of capitalism, the under classes such as Tess ca n’t obtain just treatments.1.3Hypocritical religionAgain, the element that causes Tess’s tragedy was the hypocr itical religions, especially the hypocritical character was Alec. He was a capitalist and mushroom applied the business, and he was “a person of flesh”, he trapped Tess and used the Bi ble to bring the duty to push the body of Tess, but finally, he was a pastor that expostulated to show merge. About Alec, it struggled that very elevation was a misapplication, that to rase seemed to falsity.It was visible that the religions were only a instrument was used to anesthetize, deceive and fool workers by reactionary such as Marx said “Christianity brings illusine brand”, religions offered the theoretical gist for bourgeoisie ins ulted and disgraced women.1.4Deceptive moralityThe last one, Tess was a victim of the deceptive morality, Angel Clare, symbolizing spirit, though intelligent, are sensitive, “E arly association with country solitudes had bred in Clare an u nconquerable, and almost unreasonable, aversion to modern lif e, and shut him out from such success as he might have asp ired to by following a mundane calling in the impracticability of the spiritual one. But something had to be done, he had was ted many years, and having an acquaintance was starting on a thriving life as a colonial farmer, it occurred to Angel that th is might be a lead in the right direction. Farming either in the Colonies, America or at home---farming, at any rate, after be coming well qualified for the business by a careful apprentices hip---that was a vacation which would probably afford an indep endence without the sacrifice of what he valued even more th an a competency---intellectual liberty”. It was such as Marlene Springer Hardy’s used the author Thomas Hardy, he was not in an intellectual of Allusion sense, but in so far as instincts and emotions ruled. Although he was a enlightened intelligents ia, when he know the past of Tess, with all his attempted ind ependence of judge this advanced and well meaning young m an, a sample product of the last five-and -twenty years, was g et the slave to custom and conventionality when surprised bac k into his early teachings. There was one kind of deep-set ethics in his soul, he thought the positions are different, and the mores was different. He regarded whether she was pity in ligh t of conventional idea of virtue, he had no pity for Tess, it bro ught more distress and let Tess to return to Alec. The decepti ve morality with Angle pushed Tess to gulf.Ⅱ.Tess’s temperament2.1 Traditional ethics and hypocritical religion Second, according to the analysis, Tess’s weak pointed and e ven her noble qualities bring. Her disaster, she had dual temp erament. Firstly, she dared to against traditional ethics and hy pocritical religions, and the secondly, she couldn’t get rid of th e fetter of ethics for herself.Tess’s innocence and care for her family lead to the strange, her inexperience was one reason that she was seduced by Al ec and her spirit made her became Alec’s victim again, and T ess’s devotion to Angel deepened her tragedy, she felt too hu miliated to match Angel and she was too obsessed by Angel to see his defects.2.2 The ethicsTess was born in a boorish family, there was weakness when she against traditional ethics, because she had some old ethic s and the views of fate. She suffered persecutions from social public opinions, and she scaled herself in light of this ethic. This encompassment of her own characterization, based on sh reds of convention, peopled by phantoms and voices antipathe tic to her, was a sorry and mistaken creation of Tess’s fancy---a cloud of moral hobgoblins by which she was terrified witho ut reason. It was they that were out of harmony with the actu al world, not she. Walking among the sleeping birds in the he dges watching the skipping rabbits on a moonlit warren or sta nding under a pheasant---laden bough, she looked upon herse lf as a figure of Guilt intruding into the haunts of innocence. But all the while she was making a distinction where there wa s no difference. Feeling herself in antagonism she was quite i n accord. She had been made to break an accepted social la w, but no law known to the environment in which she shed h erself such an anomaly. She always used this moral toil to re strain herself, she didn’t forget her disgrace, she though she was a incarnation villainously, her opinion had historic basic, it was incorporation of the whole society. As character a term o f history，The main and action of Tess must be limited by era.。