国际经济学试题及答案

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《国际经济学》期末复习试卷5份和试题库(含答案)

《国际经济学》期末复习试卷5份和试题库(含答案)

《国际经济学》模拟试题及参考答案(一)一、名词解释(每小题5 分,共20 分)1.要素禀赋2.倾销3.黄金输送点4.三元悖论二、单项选择题:从下列每小题的四个选项中,选出一项正确的,将其标号填在题后的括号内。

(每小题2 分,共20 分)2.根据相互需求原理,两国均衡的交换比例取决于()A 两国的绝对优势B 两国的比较优势C 两国的相对需求强度D 两国的要素禀赋3.在当今的国际贸易格局中,产业内贸易更容易发生于()A 发展中国家与发达国家B 发达国家与发达国家C 发展中国家与发展中国家D 发展中国家和最不发达国家4.课征关税会增加生产者剩余,减少消费者剩余,社会总福利的变化将()A 上升B 降低C 不变D 不确定5.以下选项中,哪个选项不属于国际收支统计中居民的概念?()A 外国企业B 非盈利机构C 国际经济组织D 政府7.布雷顿森林体系创立了()A 以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B 以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C 以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D 以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度8.在下列投资方式中,属于国际间接投资的是()A 在国外设立分公司B 在国外设立独资企业C 在国外设立合资企业D 购买国外企业债券9.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括()A 技术转让B 信息交流C 信息回授D 示范效应10.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示()A 通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B 衰退与国际收支顺差并存C 衰退与国际收支逆差并存D 通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存三、判断正误题:正确的命题在括号里划"√",错误的命题在括号里划"×"。

(每小题2 分,共20 分)1.亚当。

斯密的绝对利益学说和大卫•李嘉图的比较利益学说都是从劳动生产率差异的角度来解释国际贸易的起因。

()2.出口的贫困化增长现象是一种普遍存在的现象,几乎所有国家都曾出现过,并且很难避免。

()3.国际贸易与国内贸易有相同的起因和特征,彼此之间不存在本质上的差别。

(完整)国际经济学考试题库(答案版)

(完整)国际经济学考试题库(答案版)

一、试述H-O模型的主要内容并予以评价。

1、基本内容:资本丰富的国家在资本密集型产品上相对供给能力较强,劳动丰富的国家则在劳动密集型产品上相对供给能力较强。

根据比较优势原则,一国出口密集使用其丰富要素的产品,进口密集使用其稀缺要素的产品.要素的自然禀赋—要素供给—要素的相对富饶程度—要素相对价格—生产成本差异-商品价格差异—贸易的发生2、评价:贡献:a、从一国经济资源优势解释国际贸易发生的原因;b、从实际优势出发决定贸易模式;c、从贸易对经济的影响分析贸易的作用.局限性:a、禀赋并非贸易发生的充分条件;b、对需求因素未予以充分考虑,影响了理论对实际情况的分析;c、过分强调静态结果,排除技术进步及实际存在的情况,影响了理论的适用性.二、结合货币市场和外汇市场,以美元为本币,请画图美联储增加货币供给后,美元对欧元的汇率将如何变动.外汇指的是以外国货币表示的,为各国普遍接受的,可用于国际间债权债务结算的各种支付手段。

货币政策是指政府或中央银行为影响经济活动所采取的措施,尤指控制货币供给以及调控利率的各项措施。

一国货币供给的增加会使该国货币在外汇市场上贬值。

美国的货币市场决定美元的利率,美元利率则影响维持利率平价的汇率。

所以当美联储增加货币供给后,会导致美元相对欧元的贬值。

但美元供给的变动对长期利率和实际产出没有影三、什么是恶性通货膨胀,可能导致恶性通货膨胀的原因以及应对措施。

恶性通货膨胀又称“超速通货膨胀”,是三位数以上的通货膨胀。

指流通货币量的增长速度大大超过货币流通速度的增长,货币购买力急剧下降,物价水平加速上升,整体物价水平以极高速度快速上涨的现象,使民众对货币价值失去信心.由于货币的流通量增加快速,使货币变得没有价值时,人们会急于要以货币换取实物,人心惶惶的结果只会更加速通货膨胀的恶化,整体经济濒临崩溃边缘。

恶性通货膨胀是一种不能控制的通货膨胀,在物价很快地上涨的情况下,就使货币失去价值.在社会经济发展和运行中,如果某一国家或地区出现了恶性的通货膨胀、剧烈的汇率波动或严重的地区政治冲突,其发行的信用货币(纸币)将存在很大的风险。

国际经济学试卷试题包括答案.docx

国际经济学试卷试题包括答案.docx

《国际经济学》选择题汇总版(附答案)Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。

国际经济学试题_精选稿(教师用-含部分答案)_

国际经济学试题_精选稿(教师用-含部分答案)_

国际经济学精选习题集第一部分国际贸易理论第1章绪论一、单项选择题1.国际经济学在研究资源配置时,划分的基本经济单位是(D)A.企业B.个人C.政府D.国家2.国际经济学研究的对象是(B)A.国际商品流动B.世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置C.国际收支平衡D.国际人员流动3.从国际间经济资源流动的难易度看,流动最容易的是(B)A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术二、判断分析题1.国际经济学是建立在微观经济学与宏观经济学基础之上的一门分支科学。

√。

大部分国际经济学应用了宏微观经济学的一般原理,如无差异曲线、需求曲线、企业产量按照MR=MC确定等,但是国际经济学理论本身也获得了许多理论性的进步。

在此基础上的国际经济学研究又推动了一般经济学理论研究方法的发展。

第2章比较优势原理一、单项选择题1.比较优势理论认为,国际贸易的驱动力是(A)。

A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异2.从15世纪初到18世纪中叶,在国际贸易和国际收支理论方面占主导地位的是(A)。

A.重商主义B.重农主义C.重金主义D.自由放任主义3.绝对成本学说是比较成本学说的(C)。

A.同一形式B.发展形式C.特殊形式D.理论形式4.亚当·斯密的绝对优势理论认为(C)。

A.所有产品均具有绝对优势的国家最终将获得全部黄金和白银B.具有绝对优势的国家将获得大量贸易余额C.如果两个国家分别出口本国劳动成本相对较低的产品,将同时从贸易中获益D.如果一国不用关税壁垒保护本国产业将丧失绝对优势5.李嘉图比较优势理论指出(B)。

A.贸易导致不完全专业化B.即使一个国家不具备绝对成本优势,也可从出口绝对成本劣势相对较小的产品中获益C.与不具备绝对成本优势的国家相比,具有绝对成本优势的国家可以从贸易中获利更多D.只有具备计较优势的国家才能获得贸易余额6.根据比较成本说,一国从国际贸易中获益的条件是(B)。

A.创造大量贸易顺差B.以较低的机会成本进口商品而不在国内生产C.本国比贸易伙伴国强大D.本国相对于贸易伙伴具备绝对效率优势7.在比较利益模型中,两种参与贸易商品的国际比价(C)。

国际经济学试题及答案(题库)

国际经济学试题及答案(题库)

国际经济学试题及答案(题库)国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题(每题1分):第一章:1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础,讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。

2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品(或部门)和两种要素。

3、在完竞争的假设前提下,封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。

4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。

5、贸易后,国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定,国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。

6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分:来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。

7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开:国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。

第二章:1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别;李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。

3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有:限制进口和鼓励出口,采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本,而是相对成本。

5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别;劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

6、在李嘉图模型中,生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式,表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。

7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有:限制进口和鼓励出口,采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本,而是相对成本。

9、机会成本概念表明:彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。

选择题:1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是: C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章:1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的,后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。

国际经济学题库(含参考答案)

国际经济学题库(含参考答案)

国际经济学题库(含参考答案)一、单选题(共50题,每题1分,共50分)1、区域一体化组织中最松散、最低级的形式是()A、关税同盟B、自由贸易区C、共同市场D、优惠贸易安排正确答案:D2、要素价格均等化表明()A、一国丰富要素所有者受益,稀缺要素所有者受损B、一国丰富要素所有者受损,稀缺要素所有者受益C、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益D、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益正确答案:A3、下列不属于关税同盟动态效应的是()A、大市场效应B、加剧竞争C、吸引外资D、贸易创造效应正确答案:D4、如果开放前一国X产品的相对价格低于其贸易伙伴,则贸易后该国()A、进口 X产品B、生产者福利增加C、整体福利下降D、消费者福利增加正确答案:B5、下列()会给本国带来较大的贸易创造效应。

A、本国对贸易商品的供给弹性较大B、本国对成员国的初始关税较大C、本国与成员国之间贸易商品的成本差别较大D、本国对贸易商品的需求弹性较小正确答案:D6、初级产品的出口价格若下降,其出口量将增加,出口总收入()A、不变B、增加C、下降D、不确定正确答案:C7、马歇尔一勒纳条件所要说明的是在供给弹性()的情况下,本币贬值能够改善贸易收支的进出口需求弹性条件。

A、零B、无穷大C、1D^大于零小于1正确答案:B8、假设中国和美国都能生产小麦和布,中国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布,可以生产50米;全部生产小麦,可以生产80千克;美国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布,可以生产40米;全部生产小麦,可以生产 100千克。

如果开放后的国际交换比价为1米布=L 8千克小麦,则下列说法正确的是()A、无法比较美国和中国的获利情况B、中国从贸易开放中获利更多C、美国和中国从贸易开放中获利相同D、美国从贸易开放中获利更多正确答案:D9、下列不属于国际收支平衡表资本项目的是()A、利息收支B、短期信贷C、短期证券买卖D、票据买卖正确答案:A10、消费者剩余是()A、消费者为了商品的消费而必须向政府支付的东西B、消费者通过低于市场价格的价格而得到的收益C、消费者购买商品所需支付的价格低于其愿意支付的价格而获得的收益D、消费者可以在各种价格水平得到的收益正确答案:C11、外汇市场中的即期交易不包含()A、套汇B、投机C、国际贸易结算D、银行同业拆借正确答案:B12、如果一个中国工人能生产3匹布或者1辆汽车,一个美国工人能生产4匹布或2辆汽车,则能促进中国与美国进行贸易并各自收益的交换比率是()A、4匹布换2辆汽车B、3匹布换1辆汽车C、3匹布换2辆汽车D、5匹布换2辆汽车正确答案:D13、国际经济学的研究对象是()A、国际商品流动B、国际收支平衡C、世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置D^国际人员流动正确答案:C14、根据国民收入决定方程Y=C+I+G+X-M,国际收支的吸收分析法中的“吸收”是指()A、YB、C+IC、C+I+GD、X-M正确答案:C15、开放经济条件下的宏观经济政策目标是()A、追求贸易顺差B、汇率稳定C、扩大出口D、国际收支平衡正确答案:D16、在进行贸易后,一国的收入分配会发生如下变化,()A、收入由消费者转向生产者B、受到进口商品竞争压力的国内生产者遭受损失,而出口商品的生产者则会受益C、消费者受损,生产者受益D、作为整体的国家受益,而个人则会受到损失正确答案:B17、商品和服务贸易记录在国际收支平衡表中的()A、经常项目B、误差和遗漏项目C、官方结算项目D、资本项目正确答案:A18、下列哪个行业最有可能具有内部规模经济?()A、好莱坞的电影业B、加州硅谷的半导体产业C、美国的大型农场D、北京中关村的电脑城正确答案:C19、采用()的配额分配方式,配额的福利效果与关税一样。

国际经济学试题及答案

国际经济学试题及答案

国际经济学试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是:A. 国际贸易B. 国际金融C. 国际投资D. 全球化答案:A2. 比较优势理论是由哪位经济学家提出的?A. 大卫·李嘉图B. 亚当·斯密C. 约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯D. 阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔答案:A3. 根据赫克歇尔-俄林理论,一个国家会专门生产并出口其:A. 劳动力密集型商品B. 资本密集型商品C. 技术密集型商品D. 资源密集型商品答案:B4. 汇率波动对国际贸易的影响主要体现在:A. 价格竞争力B. 贸易政策C. 贸易壁垒D. 贸易协定答案:A5. 国际货币基金组织(IMF)的主要职能不包括:A. 监督成员国的经济政策B. 提供短期贷款以解决国际收支不平衡C. 促进国际贸易自由化D. 为成员国提供技术援助答案:C6. 世界贸易组织(WTO)的主要目标是:A. 促进全球经济增长B. 减少全球贫困C. 促进国际贸易自由化D. 维护世界和平答案:C7. 根据购买力平价理论,如果一国的货币贬值,那么该国的:A. 出口会增加B. 进口会增加C. 出口和进口都会增加D. 出口和进口都不会增加答案:A8. 国际直接投资(FDI)与国际间接投资的主要区别在于:A. 投资规模B. 投资期限C. 投资方式D. 投资回报答案:C9. 跨国公司在全球范围内进行生产和销售活动,其主要目的是:A. 降低成本B. 增加市场份额C. 规避贸易壁垒D. 所有上述选项答案:D10. 国际经济一体化的主要形式不包括:A. 自由贸易区B. 共同市场C. 关税同盟D. 双边贸易协定答案:D二、多项选择题(每题3分,共15分)1. 以下哪些因素会影响一个国家的贸易模式?A. 资源禀赋B. 技术水平C. 消费者偏好D. 贸易政策答案:ABCD2. 国际收支平衡表主要包括以下哪些部分?A. 经常账户B. 资本和金融账户C. 储备资产D. 政府预算答案:ABC3. 以下哪些是国际经济一体化的积极效应?A. 贸易创造B. 规模经济C. 投资自由化D. 货币贬值答案:ABC4. 国际货币体系的主要功能包括:A. 提供稳定的汇率B. 促进国际贸易和投资C. 维护国际金融稳定D. 促进全球经济增长答案:ABC5. 国际金融市场的主要参与者包括:A. 银行B. 跨国公司C. 政府D. 个人投资者答案:ABCD三、简答题(每题5分,共20分)1. 简述绝对优势理论和比较优势理论的主要区别。

国际经济学试题及答案

国际经济学试题及答案

国际经济学试题及答案### 国际经济学试题及答案#### 一、选择题1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是什么?- A. 国际贸易的产生和发展- B. 国际资本流动- C. 国家间的经济关系- D. 国际经济政策的制定答案:C2. 根据比较优势理论,以下哪项不是国家进行贸易的原因? - A. 资源分配的不均- B. 技术差异- C. 消费偏好的多样性- D. 生产效率的差异答案:C3. 以下哪个不是国际收支平衡表中的项目?- A. 经常账户- B. 资本和金融账户- C. 政府预算账户- D. 错误和遗漏账户答案:C#### 二、简答题1. 简述绝对优势理论的基本内容。

绝对优势理论由亚当·斯密提出,认为如果一个国家在生产某种商品上比其他国家更有效率,即生产成本更低,那么这个国家在该商品上具有绝对优势。

根据这一理论,具有绝对优势的国家应该专门生产并出口其具有绝对优势的商品,同时进口其他国家具有绝对优势的商品,从而实现资源的最优配置和国际贸易的互利。

2. 什么是保护主义?保护主义对国际贸易有何影响?保护主义是一种经济政策,旨在通过关税、配额、补贴等手段保护国内产业免受外国竞争的影响。

保护主义可能会提高国内产业的竞争力,但同时也可能导致资源配置效率降低,增加消费者成本,限制国际贸易的发展,并可能引发贸易战,对全球经济产生负面影响。

#### 三、计算题1. 假设一个国家生产小麦和玉米,生产一单位小麦需要4小时劳动,生产一单位玉米需要2小时劳动。

另一个国家生产一单位小麦需要6小时劳动,生产一单位玉米需要3小时劳动。

请计算两国的比较优势,并说明它们应该如何进行贸易。

- 第一个国家生产小麦的机会成本是0.5单位玉米(4小时/2小时),生产玉米的机会成本是2单位小麦(2小时/4小时)。

- 第二个国家生产小麦的机会成本是2单位玉米(6小时/3小时),生产玉米的机会成本是0.5单位小麦(3小时/6小时)。

第一个国家在生产小麦上有比较优势,因为它的机会成本较低(0.5 vs 2)。

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一、单项选择题1.从国际经济资源流动的难度看,最容易流动的要素是(A)A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术2.在比较利益模型中,两种参与贸易商品的国际比价(C)A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同3.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是(A)A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中,机会成本是(D)A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变5.不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有(B)A.重叠需求理论B.要素比例理论C.规模经济理论D.垄断竞争理论6.能反映规模经济理论本意的是(B)A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增7.不改变贸易结构,只改变贸易规模的增长方式有(C)A.偏向进口的生产要素增长B.偏向出口的生产要素增长C.生产要素等比例增长D.悲惨的增长8.最佳关税水平应等于(B)A.零进口关税B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C.禁止性关税D.禁止性关税以上9.世界贸易组织秘书处设在(B)A.日内瓦B.纽约C.布鲁塞尔D.乌拉圭10.在国际卡特尔订价中,当产品的需求弹性越小,卡特尔订价水平就(B)不确定D.越高 C.不变 B. A.越低)D11.下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易(套期保值C.套利 D. A.双边套汇 B.多边套汇)12.下述几种货币中,哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币(D人民币D. B.日元 C.美元 A.英镑)13.下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目(D特别提款权变动D. C.B.A.进出口利息收支直接投资)在分析货币贬值对贸易收支的影响时,小国所面临的供给弹性是(14.D 无穷大D.大于需求弹性C.小于需求弹性B.零A.15.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是(C)A.固定汇率制B.浮动汇率制C.钉住汇率制D.联合浮动制16.在1997年东南亚金融危机中,最早出现金融动荡的国家是(B)A.印度尼西业B.泰国C.日本D.韩国17.劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流出国(D)A.财政总收入增加,公共设施利用率提高B.财政总收入增加,公共设施利用率下降C.财政总收入减少,公共设施利用率提高D.财政总收入减少,公共设施利用率下降18.产业内贸易更容易发生于(C)A.富国与穷国之间B.类似的高手入国家之间C.发达国家与发达国家之间D.发展中国家之间19.根据相互需求原理,两国均衡的交换比例取决于(C)A.两国的绝对优势B.两国的比较优势C.两国的相对需求强度D.两国的要素禀赋20.以下选项中,那个选项不属于国际收支系统中居民的概念(C)A.外国企业B.非盈利机构C.国际经济组织D.政府21.布雷顿森林体系创立了(B)A.以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B.以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C.以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D.以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度22.以下选项中,属于国际间接投资的是(D)A.在外国设立分公司B.在国外设立独资企业C.在国外设立合资企业D.购买国外企业债券23.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括(D)A.技术转让B.信息交流C.信息回授D.示范效应24.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示(C)A.通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B.衰退与国际收支顺差并存C衰退与国际收支逆差并存D.通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存25.下列哪个不是国际经济学研究的内容(D)A.国际贸易纯理论研究B.外汇理论研究C.跨国公司研究D.国内消费水平研究26.关于出口贫困化增长,下列命题不正确的是(D)A.出口的贫困化增长的根源在于贸易条件的恶化出口的贫困化增长不是一种普遍的现象B.C.出口的贫困化增长会降低本国的福利水平D.出口的贫困化增长是经济发展过程中的一种必然现象27.产品的水平差异是指(D)A.采用新技术制造的新产品带来的差异B.产品质量方面的差异C.同质产品D.商品由于相同属性的不同组合而产生的差异性28.货币的含金量之比又称(B)A.购买力平价B.铸币平价C.铸币数量D.铸币本位29.从国际经济学的角度来考察,构成经济活动的基本单位或行为主体是(D)A.企业B.居民户C.家庭D.国家30.布雷顿森林体系规定,美元与其挂钩的是(C)A.特别提款权B.一揽子货币C.黄金D.白银31.下列选项中不属于比较利益学说的假设是(B)A.以劳动价值论为基础B.要素是完全流动的C.要素和产品市场都是完全竞争的D.收入分配不受贸易影响32.以下选项中,哪个选项不属于金融账户的内容(C)A.证券投资B.其他投资和储备资产C.债务减免D.直接投资(A)33.国际经济一体化组织的建立对各成员国产生的静态影响包括贸易转向和B.贸易创造和大市场效应C.A.贸易创造和贸易转向大市场效应和竞争效应竞争效应D.二、多项选择题)1.下列属于非关税壁垒措施的有(ABCDEA.自愿出口限制歧视性的公共采购B.对外贸易的国家垄断C.进口许可证技术和卫生检疫标准D.E.)以下哪些组织形式属于国际经济一体化组织(ABCD 2.共同市场C. A.自由贸易区 B.关税同盟北约D.经济联盟 E.)3.ABCDE制订一个最佳的国际卡特尔产品价格,所需考虑的影响因素有(卡特尔市场占有率 B.产品收入弹性 A.卡特尔产品的需求弹性D.C.非卡特尔厂商产品的供给弹性非卡特尔的市场份额E.)ABC4.基本项目收支差额包括(资本项目收支C.服务贸易收支B.商品贸易收支A.D.官方结算收支E.金融资产变动项目收支5.一国在实现外部平衡的过程中,可供选择的政策措施有(ABCDE)A.融通资金B.外汇管制C.汇率浮动D.调整经济E.限制进口6.18世纪中叶,指出重商主义理论存在重要缺陷的经济学家包括(AD)A.斯密B.李嘉图C.马尔萨斯D.休谟E.杜格尔7.新古典国际贸易理论主要包括(ABCD)A.H-O理论B.S-S理论C.H-O-S理论D.R理论E.比较优势理论8.一国实行对外开放后,从打破国内垄断中可以获得的利益包括(ABCDE)A.消费者享受较低的国际价格B.企业产量不断增加C.本国福利水平提高D.形成公平的竞争格局E.企业竞争力增强9.发展中国家尚不成熟的主要表现有(ABCD)A.一级市场融资渠道不畅B.银行系统受政府严格控制C.人为控制的贷款利息率水平D.“黑市”的存在E.没有投机活动10.国际收支调整的重要基础理论是(BCD)A.调整论B.货币论C.弹性论D.平衡论11.国际收支不平衡的类型有(ABDE)A.周期性不平衡B.结构性不平衡C.货币性不平衡D.价格性不平衡E.收入性不平衡12.自由贸易将会对不同部门生要素的收入产生不同的影响,其中包括(ABE)A.出口部门专门生产要素收入水平提高B.进口竞争部门专门生产要素收入水平降低C.共同生产要素收入水平上升D.共同生产要素收入水平维持不变E.共同生产要素收入水平无法确定13.货币贬值对国内吸收的直接影响包括(ABC)A.货币余额效应B.收入再分配效应C.货币幻觉效应D.引致支出效应价格变动效应E.(ABC)14.下列关于共同市场的叙述正确的有实现了商品自由贸易A.B.成员国建立了共同对外关税实现了生产要素与服务的自由流动C..成员国间需要在技术标准、税收制度、金融法规等方面加以协调D.15.下列经济交易中属于国际收支平衡表资本与金融项目统计的内容有(ABC)A.短期证券买卖B.票据买卖C.短期信贷D.利息收支16.国际收支弹性分析法的基本假定包括(ABCD)A.国内总体价格水平保持不变B.不存在国际资本流动C.汇率由货币当局控制且相对稳定D.汇率变动能够有效影响进出口的商品价格17.国际货币体系包括的内容有(ABCDE)A.汇率制度的确定B.各国货币的兑换性C.国际储备资产的确定D.国际收支的调节方式E.国际金融事务的协商和组织三、名词解释1.生产者剩余答:生产者剩余是指生产者愿意接受的价格和实际接受的价格之间的差额。

2.罗伯津斯基定理答:罗伯津斯基定理是指在生产两种产品的情况下,如果商品的国际比价保持不变,一种生产要素增加所导致的密集使用该生产要素的产品产量增加,会同时减少另外一种产品的产量。

3.产品生命周期答:产品生命周期是指新产品经历发明、应用、推广到市场饱和、产品衰落,进而被其他产品所替代四个阶段。

4.购买力平价答:购买力平价是指两种货币之间的汇率决定于它们单位货币购买力之间的比例。

5.市场内部化答:市场内部化是指企业为减少交易成本,减少生产和投资风险,而将该跨国界的各交易过程变成企业内部的行为。

6.黄金输送点答:黄金输送点包括黄金输入点和黄金输出点,是黄金输入、输出的价格上限和下限,它限制着一个国家货币对外汇率的波动幅度。

7.要素禀赋答:要素禀赋,即要素的丰裕程度,是指在不同国家之间,由于要素的稀缺程度不同导致的可利用生产要素价格相对低廉的状况。

赫克歇尔-俄林定理认为,要素禀赋构成一个国家比较优势的基础8.比较优势答:比较优势也称为比较成本或比较利益,是由英国古典经济学家大卫李·嘉图提出的。

李嘉图通过两个国家两种产品的模型阐明,比较优.势是一国在绝对优势基础上的相对较大的优势,在绝对劣势基础上的相对较小的劣势,遵循“两利相权取其重,两弊相衡取其轻”的原则。

根据各自的比较优势来来确定国际分工并进行贸易往来,双方便都可以获得比较利益。

9.人力资本答:所谓人力资本是资本与劳动力结合而形成的一种新的生产要素,然们通过劳动力进行投资(如进行教育、职业培训、保健等),可以提高原有劳动力的素质和技能,劳动生产率得到提升,从而对一个国家参加国际分工的比较优势产生作用与影响。

10.布雷顿森林体系答:布雷顿森林体系是指从第二次世界大战结束到1971年所实行的金汇兑本位制。

这一以美元为中心的固定汇率制度的特征简而言之便是“美元与黄金挂钩,其他货币与美元挂钩”。

在布雷顿森林协议下所建立的国际货币体系要求各国货币对美元保持固定汇率,并将美元与黄金的比价固定为每盎司黄金35美元。

成员国官方的国际储备以黄金或美元的形式持有,成员国有权向美国联邦储备银行以官方价格兑换黄金。

11.简述倾销的含义及其构成条件(考名词解释应该只是第一句没有条件)答:轻笑是指出口商以低于本国国内价格或成本向国外销售商品的行为。

条件:a.进口国生产同类产品的企业是否收到低价冲击,以使其市场份额明显减少;b.进口国同类企业的利润水平是否明显降低;c.是否威胁进口国新兴工业的建立。

四、简答题1.简述发展中国家汇率制度的主要特征答:(1)采取钉住汇率制度,即本国货币钉住主要发达国家货币,保持汇率相对固定。

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