考研英语：写作概述理论与例句说明

考研英语：写作概述理论与例句说明1. 关于英语写作写文章难，用英语写文章则更难。

理由很简单，中国人若想用英语写文章，首先必须具备一定的语言水平，即必须掌握英语中最基本的词汇和语法，必须具备写出通顺连贯的英语句子的能力，同时还要懂得一点英美文化背景知识和一定的修辞法，所有这些要素都是用英语写作的基本前提。

用英语写文章难的另一原因是，英语写作与汉语写作虽有许多相同之处，但由于社会文化背景的差异，两者之间又有些不同之处，像思维模式、遣词造句、文体风格等都存在着明显的差异，我们只有了解了这些差异，并在实践中灵活利用这些差异，写出的文章才能合乎英语习惯、流畅得体，达到书面交际的目的。

所以我们常说，写作不仅要表达出想要表达的意念，而且还要得体，要符合英语表达习惯。

当然，要想写出像样的文章，除扎实的语言功底外，还需要具备其他一些能力，其中包括审题能力、选材能力、谋篇能力、思维能力、分析能力、想象能力以及比较渊博的文化知识。

文章虽然没有固定的、一成不变的模式，写作理论和方法本身也会发生变化，但总还是有一些基本规律和要领可循。

2. 考生在写作中存在的问题1）词汇识记和词汇使用相脱节，缺乏语境意识；2）句法意识薄弱，语言表达能力差；3）母语的影响导致语言使用不规范；4）构思贫乏，缺乏分析问题、认识问题和解决问题的能力。

3. 一点建议1）学点写作基础理论：没有理论指导的实践是盲目的实践。

写作既然是一门科学，它就有自己的理论和规律。

学习写作需要掌握一定的写作理论知识。

2）加大阅读量：阅读对写作的益处是多方面的。

首先，博览群书可以开阔思路。

其次，阅读可以吸取和丰富写作素材。

同时，阅读又是掌握写作规律，学习写作方法的有效途径。

最后，阅读可以丰富词汇，我们可以站在更高的角度来学习词汇和理解词汇，从而提高我们运用语言的能力。

3）勤于模仿：模仿是快速提高写作水平的必经之路。

下面以考研真题中的素材为例，谈谈模仿的作用。

【原文】Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best 2 such changes.【派生句生成】① Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the growth of teenagers. ② How can we face this challenge? The two factors, I think, must be taken into consideration.③ To begin with, teachers and parents need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual and physical changes that children experience in the different ages, which enables them to give correct guidance to the young people.④ Besides, we also need to give serious thought to how we can help teenagers best accommodate the drastic changes in real life.⑤ All in all, the guidance from teachers and parents will, in a sense, determine whether young generation can grow in a positive way.【组句成篇】① Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the growth of teenagers. ② How can we face this challenge? The two factors, I think, must be taken into consideration. ③ To begin with, teachers and parents need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual and physicalchanges that children experience in the different ages, which enables them to give correct guidance to the young people.④ Besides, we also need to give serious thought to how we can help teenagers best accommodate the drastic changes in real life. ⑤ All in all, the guidance fromteachers and parents will, in a sense, determine whether young generation can grow in a positive way.【原文】Growing bodies need movement and exercises, but not just in ways that emphasize competition because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.【派生句生成】① We should encourage young people to participate in those activities which are beneficial to their growing bodies.② For one thing, these activities should not be limited to the ways that only emphasize competition because they also need to acquire some other skills necessary for them to adjust themselves to a host of new challenges.③ For another, these activities should not be too difficult for young people to achieve success because they are especially self-conscious during this period and they all need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.④ Only in these ways can we ensure the healthy growth of young people.【组句成篇】① We should encourage young people to participate in those activities which are beneficial to their growing bodies. ② For one thing, these activities should not be limited to the ways thatonly emphasize competition because they also need to acquire some other skills necessary for them to adjust themselves to a host of new challenges. ③ For another, these activities should not be too difficult for young people to achieve success because they are especiallyself-conscious during this period and they all need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others. ④ Only in these wayscan we ensure the healthy growth of young people.【原文】Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adult barely visible inthe background.【派生句生成】① Making friends is extremely important to everyone, especially to the young people.② As is known to us all, a person cannot do without friends in the modern society because there are so many different kinds of tasks that require mutual cooperation and help.③ Besides, you will find (that) friends can not only give you good suggestions but also make you feel the pleasure of the life.④ Most importantly, with friends, you will find life rewarding and worthwhile. ⑤ Therefore, we should try to make good friends as many as we can .【组句成篇】① Making friends is extremely important to everyone, especially to the young people. ② As is known to us all, a person cannot do without friends in the modern society because there areso many different kinds of tasks that require mutual cooperation and help. ③ Besides, you willfind (that) friends can not only give you good suggestions but also make you feel the pleasure of the life. ④ Most importantly, with friends, you will find life rewarding and worthwhile. ⑤Therefore, we should try to make good friends as many as we can .4. 提高写作水平的几个途径1）语料库建设：语料库建设指的是选出文章中的精彩词句进行模仿和造句练习，如：… achieve success, attain one ΄s goal… overcome the obstacles, in the face of the danger… stand in the way of, hamper the economic development… voice one ΄s opinion… attribute …to...… attach importance to..… exert a tremendous influence on...… with the quickening pace/ rhythm/tempo of modern society… broaden one ΄s outlook… contribute to a better understanding of...… have a strong passion for…在练习过程中力求做到举一反三，用不同的句式、单词等表达同一思想，使自己的语言 驾驭能力进一步得到加强。