Directions

Directions; There are three passages in this part,some questions or unfinished siaaenea[s. Forh rarh passage is f Aloraed b3each of Mein (here we fourchoices marked A, 6', C rend D. You should derideblacken she corresponding letter on the Answer Sheer.on the he.-TI choice andPassage 1QuesIins 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It is usually assumed that the more cyclists there are, the safer theroads become far everyone. But in Copenhagen( -4* P,6, 49 )-one of the most bike-friendly cities in the world in which 36% of its inhabitants cycle to work or school, and which has committed to increasing that figure to 50%a by 2015-there are controversial voices. The sheer success of the drive to get more loeuls and tourists on bikes is creating a dangerous, frightening and unpleasant eliniate for cyclists in the city.(76) " In Copenhagen, we have quite extraordinary problems around cycling overcrowding," said Aneh Hajdu, of Wonderful Copenhagen, the official tourism organization for Denmark( }ff _t). "I don't take my chi id ren on their bikes into Copenhagen at rush hour{ Off [rI)any mere. Ifs too dangerous and scary. I just wouldn't risk it. It is not just the locals who are, according to Hajdu, finding the pressure from the cyclists in Copenhagen a test. "I went on a cycling trip around Copenhagen with a friend visiting from London recently, and she was frightened by the mass of cyclists and the aggressive way they behaved," said Ifadju. "She found them so hard to deal with that she burst into tears. She was too scared to get hack on her bike. We had to put it in a taxi and drive back home. "As numbers increase in the cycle lanes, says Haldu, so behavior'become worse. (77) " The locals rush past the foreigners, who are often uncertain on their bikes and going slowlylowly," she said. "The locals get impatient and therefore become more threatening. " Even to an untrained eye, it is immediately obvious that the city is struggling to meet the needs o# its growing number of cyclists. It is already near-impossible to rind cycling parking places near main stations, while cycling lanes that seem larger and wider to British eyes are buried at certain times of day beneath the crowd of cclists travelin over the cit.1. According to the passage, which of the following statements about Copenhagen is TRUE?A. It is an unpleasant city.8. About one third of its people ride their hike to work or school.C. Local people are threatening.D. `there are too many foreigners.2. According to the passage. Copenhagen is trying its beat toA. build parking lots everywhereB. build super highways for its cyclistsC. meet all the needs of its growing number of cyclistsD. enable half of its people to cycle to work or school by 20153. According to the passage, all the following about local cyclists are true EXCEPT that they areA. aggressiveB. fast bike ridersC. nice to foreignersD. impatient4. The ward "untrained" in the third paragraph can be best replacedbyA. inexperienced $. unsureC. unfinishedD. Unusual5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passago?A. Copenhagen's New Problem; Too Many CarsB. Copenhagen's New Problem; Too Many TouristsC. Copenhagen's New Problem: Too Many CyclistsD. Copenhagen's Ness Problem. Too Many Bike LanesPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Hems another good reason to lose weight: It might benefit yourfriends, family and co-workers. Such unselfish concern for other people's happiness and welfare might be just the final "push" some of us need. Researchers are finding that the friends and family o, fat and overweight individuals who lose weight lost weight themselves, and sometimes a lot of it. Dr. John Morton at Stanford Hospital 1C Clinics, calls obesity ( ALffIL ) a "family disease". "We all gather around the table to enjoy a meal together and we learn lessons when we do that," Morton says. "Just like you teach morals to your sans and daughters, you can do the same thing around the dinner table as we 11 and it can be good or bad; we see that all the time. "In fact, studies have shown that friends and family tend to gain weight together, in large part because they share similar eating and exercise habits. But over the years, Morton picked up another trend among his patients and their families. The fat and overweight sons, daughters, husbands and wives of his patients lost weight, too.(78) 5o Morton decided to do a formal study and follow families of 35 patients who had gastric bypass surgery. One year after the surgery, he found that indeed, other overweight and over-fat family members lost weight, between 8 and 45 pounds. "This was remarkable in that these patients were able to accomplish that just by coming to the same visits that the bariatric(AEHMf,-r) surgery patient did," he says.The so-called "halo ( Xff ) effect" has been shown among peoplewho drink alcohol and people who smoke, as well as those who gain weight. Bvt now, Morton showed a positive halo effect - losing weight. "1 think most of the family members who came wanted to help out their spouse, Dad, whoever it might be," he says. (79) "They wanted to support them and they supported them by making health. food choices, by exercising together. " Morton's study, which was published in the October issue of the Archives of Surgery, found that family members lost as much as 5 percent of their body weight, enough weight loss to bring down the risk of obesity-related diseases.fi. In the paragraph before this passage, the author discussesA. why obese people brought benefit to their friends and familyB. why people should lose weightC. why friends, family and co-workers are unselfishD. why people gain weight7. The expression "picked up" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning toA. discoveredB. lifted upC. gotD. received$. From the first paragraph we leam that Dr. John MortonA. always taught his children at the dinner tableB. likes to talk about morals all the timeC. would like to advice fat people to have gastric bypass surgeryD. believes that obesity is a disease somehow related to one's family9. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. People could easily give up smoking out of their concern for their friends.B. Friends and family are likely to gain weight together partly because they have similar eating and exercise habits.C. The "halo effect" is only effective when one tries to give up drinking Alcohol.ll. Obese people should blame themselves10. Which of the following is an appropriateA. Fat Together, Lose TogelherS. Get Together, Lose TogetherC. Gain Together, Lose TogetherD. Exercise Together, Dose Togetherbecause they lack exercises.title far this passage?Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:]!fore than one in 100 adults in the United States is In jail or prison,an all-time high that is costing state governments nearly $50 billion a year and the federal government $ 5 billion more, according to a report published recently. With more than 2. 3 million people behind bars, the United States leads the world in both the number and percentage of residents it incarcerates ['='0 ] , leaving far-more-populous China a distant second, according to a study by the Pew Center.(80) The growth in prison population is Tar 1 because of tou herstate and federal sentencing used since the mid-1980s. Minorities have been particularly affected. One in nine black men ages 20 to 34 is behind bars. For black women ages 35 to 39, the figure is one in 100, compared with one in 355 for white women in the same age group. The report analyzed data from several sources.Although studies generally find that imprisoning more offenders%{} ] reduces crime, the effect may be less influential than changes in the unemployment rate, wages, the ratio of police officers to residents and the proportion of young people in the population, report co-author Adam Gelb said. In addition, when it comes to preventing repeat offenses by nonviolent criminals-who make up about half of the Incarcerated population--less-expensive punishments might prove as much or more effective than jail.For instance, Florida, which has almost doubled its prison populationover the past 15 years, has experienced a smaller drop in crime than NewYork, which, after a brief increase, has reduced its number of prisoners to below the 1993 level. "There is no question that putting violent and repeat offenders behind bars lowers the crime rate and provides punishment that is well deserved," said Gelb, who advises states on developing other ways to punish offenders. "On the other hand, there are large numbers of people behind bars who could ho monitored in the community safely and effectively at a much lower cost. "11. All the following words or phrase are close in meaning to the term "in prison" EXCEPTA. "behind bars"B. "in jail"C. "incarcerated"D. "sentencing"12. According to the passage, the increase in the number of prisoner: is mainly caused byA. stricter sentencing since the middle of the 1980sB. more violent crimes committed by black peopleC. more violent crimes committed by black youthD. higher unemployment rate among minorities since the mid-1980s13. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first paragraph?A. China has the largest prison population because she has morepeople.B. The U. S. government spends about $ 5 billion on its prisonSstems.C. More than one in every one hundred people in the United States isin prison.D. The United States has the largest prison population in the world.14. Adam Gelb believes that all the following factors are more effective in reducing crimes EXCEPTA. changes in the unemployment rateB. the ratio of police officers to residentsC. imprisoning more offendersD. the proportion of young people in the population15. According to the passage, which group has the least number of peoplein prison ?A. Black men ages 20 to 34.l;. Black women ages 35 to 39.C. White women ages 35 to 39.A.Adult Americans.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions. In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, 8, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that6ess completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding fetter on the Answer Sheet.16. It takes many years for humans to learn to live on their own.A. littleB. enoughC. nothingD. anything17. How and why this language has survived for more than 400 years,while spoken by very , is a mystery.A. mareB. lessC. manyD. few18. In the American dream, it seems anyone can beA. helpful &. successful C. thankful D. beautiful14. Mothers who smoke while pregnant{ PFZ]z t}) also put their babies a risk for infant death.A. suddenlyB. shortlyC. suddenD. short20. is remarkably widespread in the animal kingdom.A. LearningB. LearnedC. To learnD. Learn21. We are not going to continue with business as usual longer.A. forB. veryC. noD. Any22. What is the best way to children the tools they need in their lives?A. giveB. helpC. sendD. bring23. 1 don't have a sense of who I reallyA. becomingB. beC. beingD. am24. 1 think everyone about getting old and never going to be young again.A. lovesB. worriesC. singsD. likes25. One of my favourite in the world is the capital of France.A. areaB. placeC. placesD. areas26. I think 100 is too few, and 10, 000 is too many. So I'm going2000.A. atB. onC. toD. for27. 1 think if everybody more, there'd be less war and fighting.A. laughedB. laughsC. smiledD. smiles28.. There are thousands of words every year but not all of them are added to the dictionary.A. newB. oldC. bigD. small29. In the UK you drive a car at 17, buy alcohol and vote at the age of 18.A. couldB. canC. mustD. would30. He can still be a good Prime Minister, even if the whole worldhe can't cook!A. knowingB. knewC. knowsD. known31_ ,a lot of problems are becoming increasingiy common in today's world.A. LuckilyB. ImportantlyC. EmoiionailyD.Unfortunately32. Today,students find it difficult to get jobs they finish their Studies.A. whetherB. afterC. before l]. if33. Everybody understands a smile, what language he or she speaks.A. anywayB. althoughC. no matterD. however34. If you were to describe Robin Hood, what you gay?A. oughtB. shouldC. willD. would35. The drugs save lives, and sometimes we have no but to use them.A. choice Il. tool C. problem D. money36. It's quite common. I've been in the business for seven or eight years, and 1 all sorts of things.A. sawB. 've seenC. 've been seenD. 'm seeing37. France's history with tobacco more than four centuries.A. comes backB. cuts backC. goes backD. holds back38. The service has grown dramatically and is now used by thaE 6,0D0 academic instilutions in 90 countries.A. muchB. moreC. leastD. many39. According to Weingrod's and Cheng's research, China now has 100 million people are eomfortably middle class.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which40. Growing up in poverty you at a disadvantage at every step.A. putsB. staysC. holdsD. Makes41. Three of the wounded suffered gunshot to the chest and stomach, while others were shot in the arms and legs.A. sufferingsB. woundsC. hurtsD. pains42. He lives in too small a room which can be described as comfortable.A. hardlyB. hotlyC. nicelyD. differently43. It is often assumed that humans are unselfish, competitive and peace-loving by nature.A. youB. usC. we R. they44. I've worked too hard and my foot hurts, nothing's going to stop me from doing this dance tonight.A. if 6. because C. since 1). even though45. When young bays arrive at school today they enter a worldby women teachers.A. taken l3. dominated C. occupied I). heldPart m Identification (10%)Directions ; Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, 8, C and D. ldentify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter ore the Answer Sheet.46. In Florida, selling horse meat is legal if it is " mark and described asA B Chorse meat for human consumption.D47. Studies show _that children prefer the flavors they experience early on, eA B Cincluding where they're in the womb.D48. She spent her high school years on a small island in Washington,A Etaking advanced classes in philosophy and visit coffee shops in Seattle.C D49, We not try to make a huge deal out of it, but we also want to beA 13 Cprotecting the school environment.D50. Hong Kong's airport is one of the busiest in the world, transportingA Bfifty four millions passengers a yearC D51. In 2006, 17. 4 prcent of children in America live below the povertyA Bline, substantially more than in 1469.C52. Despite the increase of women onto the work force. Molhers areA Bspending at least of as much time with their children today as they did 40C Dyears ago.53. Even if the yuan were to rise sharply to the dollar, it is unclear horsA B Cmuch effect that would have on the U. S. economy.D54. Although the world has a poor harvest this year, food Prices will rise toA B C d previously unimaginable levels.55. In the past few years, at least two America spacecraft reported TheA B Cpresence of water on the surface of the moon.DPart IV Cloae (10%)Directions . There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each bland there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and A as the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fens into the passage. There blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.More than three billion people are at risk from 56 air pollution because of the heating or cooking fuels they use. Most live 57 Africa,India and China. They use hi omass ( 1#J91 ) fuels 58 wood, crop waste, animal waste or coal. These solid fuels may be the least 59fuels available. But they are also a major cause of health problemsand 60 For more than thirty years, the Aprovecho Research Center has been 61 cleaner, low-cost cooking stoves for the developing world. DeanStill is the director of the group which is 62 in the United States. He notes a World Health Organization estimate that 63 than one and a half million people a year die 64 breathing smoke from solid fuels.Dean Still said; "And half of the people on planet Earth every day65 wood or biomass for cooking. These are the people on Earth66 have less money, and the richer people use oil and gas. It's67 estimated that wood is 68 out more quickly [ban oil andgas. And so it is very 69 for the poorer people to have very efficient stoves that protect their forests and that protect their 70Every year Aprovecho holds a "stove camp" at its testing 71 in Oregon. Engineers, inventors, students and 72 come together to design and test different methods and materials for 73 stoves. Over the years, the group has made stoves using mud, bricks, sheet metal, clay,and other materials. Most of the stoves 74 like large, deep cooking pots. They have 75 opening at the bottom for the fire and a place on top to put a pot.56. A. outdoor 5'1. A. at58. A. so59. A. costly60. A. deadly fit. A. saving62. A. kept63. A. much64. A. from65. A. make fib. A. whom67. A. be68. A. running69. A. clear70. A. healthy B. back dourB. onB. likeB. dearlyB. deadB. designingB. putB. moreB. inB. plantB. whichB. beenB. growing$. importantB. wealthC. closed doorC. inC. suchC. expensivelyC. deathC. usingC. stayedC. FewC. atC. useC. whoseC. beingC. CorningC. clearlyC. healthD. indoorD. from!). asD. highlyD. dyingD. spendingD. basedD. mostD. byD. cutD. whoD. to heD. goingD. importantlyD, wealthy71. A. plate B. Home C. Stop D. station72. A. these B. Another C. Ushers D. other73. A. Improvement B. Improving C. Improved D. improvingly74. A. look B. Seem C. See D. pound75. A. two B.the C. a D. anSection ADirections; In this part there are five sentences which you should translateinto Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the d passages you have justread in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages toidentify their meanings in the context.76. In Copenhagen, we have quite extraordinary problems around cyclingovercrowding.77. The locals rush past the foreigners, who are often uncertain on theirbikes and going slowly.78. So Morton decided to do a formal study and follow families of 35patients who had gastric bypass surgery.79. They wanted to support them and they supported them by makinghealthy food choices, by exercising together.80. The growth in prison population is largely because of tougher state andfederal sentencing used since the mid-1980s.Section BDirections; In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You shouldtranslate them into Enttlish. Be sure to write c1earlv_他的报告是完全错误的。