主语补足语形式种种
主语补足语例子
主语补足语例子【篇一：主语补足语例子】主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语.eg.they caught boy stealing.被动语态 the boy was caught stealing.stealing 即为主语补足语被动语态后的主语补足语对于主语补足语,语法家们各有不同的看法.有的把连系动词后面的部分称作主语补足语；有的又把被动语态后的补足语称作表语,与被动语态一起称作复合谓语.笔者通过教学体会到,还是把被动语态后面的补足语称作主语补足语好些.这是因为学生很容易接受“宾语补足语”,而如果把带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句,原来补充说明宾语的部分就变成补充说明主语了.一、被动语态的主语补足语与主动语态的宾语补足语是密切相关的.例如：(1) i saw him playing basketball yesterday.(2) he was seen playing basketball yesterday.句（1）中的含义不是我看见他,而是我看见他正在打篮球.playing basketball是宾语him的补足语.所以叫宾语补足语.句（2）中的含义也不是他被看,而是别人看见他正在打篮球.这里的playing basketball是主语he的补足语,故称作主语补足语.主语和主语补足语一起称作复合主语.所以含有主语补足语的句子一般是被动语态,谓语动词是可以接复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的及物动词.句首的主语就是主语补足语的逻辑主语.二、主语补足语形式种种1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语.例如：① the dog is called karl.② coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.③ he was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语.例如：① the door was painted white.② the old man was found weak.③ the classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语.例如：① he is often heard reading english.② the professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.③ the glass was found broken.④ the classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语.例如：① he was seen to come upstairs.② ice is known to be in a solid state.③ the spy was ordered to be hanged.5. 介词短语用作主语补足语.例如：① the books in the study must be kept in good order.② he was found in good health.③ english is considered of great importance for us.6. as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语.例如：① english is taken as a useful means for research work.② the news is considered as true.③ the stool is usually thought as having four legs④ the vase is thought as broken.7. 由what引导的名词性从句用作主语补足语.例如：the boy has been made what he is.三、主语补足语的判别1.看句中的动词是不是可接复合宾语,而且是不是被动语态,与此同时还要看其后部分的逻辑主语是不是句子的主语.2. 另一种最简单的方法是：如果还不能看出来就可以把全句改成主动语态,加上一个主语we或people等.改成主动语态后,看后面是不是变成了“宾语+宾语补足语”了,这样我们就可以判别原句后面是不是主语补足语.例如：被动句：she was found reading in the library. (主语补足语)主动句：we found her reading in the library. (宾语+宾语补足语)被动语态一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词our classroom is cleaned everyday.i am asked to study hard.knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词a new shop was built last year.dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词this book has been translated into many languages.many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词a new hospital will be built in our city.many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词young trees must be watered often.your mistakes should be corrected right now.the door may be locked inside.your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词uncle wang is mending my bike now.→my bike is being repaired by tom now.they are planting trees over there. →trees are being planted over there by them.7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词there are two books to be read. →there are twenty more trees to be planted.二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤：1. 先找出谓语动词；2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化.例：1. bruce writes a letter every week. →a letter is written by bruce every week.2. li lei mended the broken bike this morning.→the broken bike was mended by li lei this morning.3. he has written two novels so far.→two novels have been written by him so far.4. they will plant ten trees tomorrow.→ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5. lucy is writing a letter now.→a letter is being written by lucy now.6. you must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：1. 不及物动词无被动语态.what will happen in 100 years.the dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义.this pen writes well.this new book sells well.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to ,但变为被动语态时,须加上to .例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do somethinga girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→my wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.the boss made the little boy do heavy work.→the little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定.he gave me a book.→a book was given to me by him.he showed me a ticket.→a ticket was shown to me by him.my father bought me a new bike. →a new bike was bought for me by my father.5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词.we can’t laugh him. →he can’t be laugh by us.he listens to the radio every day. →the radio is listened to by him every day.the nurse is taking care of the sick man. →the sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.补充：系动词连接了主语和补语.这种结构中的补语是说明主语性状的,所以称为主语补足语.系动词作为实义动词的一类,具有本身的意义,但是在起到桥梁作用的同时,有些系动词会保持本身具有的意义,有些意义则会减弱或消失.例如：1. i tasted the soup. ( taste 为及物动词,意思为“品尝”.)2. the soup tastes wonderful. (taste 为系动词,意思为“尝起来,吃起来”,意思基本未变.)3. he went to the cinema yesterday evening. ( go 是不及物动词,意思为“去,走”.)4. at the news, he went mad. (go为系动词,失去了“go”的原义,意为“变得”.)另外,英语中还有一定数量的不及物动词,完全保留了本身的词汇意义,同时又发挥着系动词的功能.它们与主语补足成分连用,所以这类词被称为“准系动词”(quasi-linking verb or half-linking verb).用于“s+vi+cs”(s代表主语,vi代表不及物动词,cs代表主语补足语)这一句式的动词都属于这种用法.有时,主语补足语不紧跟系动词,有可能被其它状语成分隔开.以“go”为例：5. at twenty-four, tom went half-bald. ( go 为系动词,失去原义.)6. after midnight, tom went home bored.( go 为准系动词,保留原义,但同时又连接主语“tom”和主补“bored”,“home”为副词,表示地点状语.)用于这一句式的补语可以为各种形式,如名词词组(np),形容词词组(ap),介词词组(pr.p),和分词短语(pp)等.现举例如下：type1: s + vi +cs (np)7. we parted the best friends.= we were the best friends when we parted.8. i stand before you today the representative of a family in grief.= i am the representative of a family in grief when i stand before you today.类似的动词包括： come (back), die, fall, go, leave 等.type2: s + vi +cs (ap)9. they were born poor, lived poor, and poor they died.= they were poor when they were born; they were poor when they lived; they were poor when they died.10. she married young.= she was young when she married.11. the morning dawned fresh and clear after the storm at night. = when the morning dawned after the storm at night, it was fresh and clear.类似的动词包括：arrive, come (back), dawn, fall, leave, lie, marry, return, sit, stand, turn out 等.type3: s + vi +cs (pr.p)12. the parcel arrived in good condition.= when the parcel arrived, it was in good condition.13. they separated with feelings alienation.= they had feelings alienation when they separated.类似的动词包括：come, die, fall, go, leave, lie, part, return, sit, stand等.type4: s + vi +cs (p.p)14. they stood listening to him.= they stood while they were listening to him.15. he came home convinced that she was telling the truth.= he came home and he was convinced that she was telling the truth.类似的动词包括：arrive, die, fall, go, leave, lie, return, sit 等.【篇二：主语补足语例子】主语补足语：在svc（主-动-补）结构中，谓语动词随后跟有主语补足语（又叫“表语”） e.g ann is a schoolgirl.该句中的schoolgirl 就是主语ann的补足语。
宾语补足语和主语补足语
宾语补足语和主语补足语集团标准化小组：[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]宾语补足语:?某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语。
?宾语补足语有以下几类。
?1.由动词不定式充当。
多数是带to的不定式，也有不带to 的不定式。
1).要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell，ask，invite，force，get，beg，allow，wish，want，like，prefer，intend，expect，encourage，a d v i s e，p e r m i t，o r d e r，w a r n，c a u s e等。
e g.?I would prefer you not to change your plan．? 我宁愿你不要改变计划。
?They encouraged me to try again．他们鼓励我再次尝试。
??2).某些动词如think，consider，believe，know，find 等后面作宾语补足语的不定式常用to be + adj．的结构。
?e g.? We believed him to be stupid．我们认为他很笨。
? He didn”t consider himself (to be) important．? 他并不认为自己重要。
??3).某些动词如make，have，let，see，hear，watch，notice，feel等后作宾语补足语的不定式不带to。
?e g.? He made us stay for tea．他使我们留下来吃茶点。
?Let me introduce you to Miss Li．让我介绍你和李小姐认识。
?D i d y o u n o t ic e m e le a v e/l e a v i n g t h e h o u s e? 你注意到我离开了（正在离开）那房子吗？?4).变为被动语态时，不定式符号t o必须保留。
七种补语的具体内容及用法
七种补语的具体内容及用法补语是修饰主语、宾语、或连接主宾与谓语的成分，用于补充说明句子的意思。
在语法上，补语主要有七种类型：表语（Predicate Nominative）：* 表语是连接动词与名词或形容词的成分，通常出现在系动词后，用于对主语进行进一步说明。
例如：“He is a teacher.”中的"a teacher" 就是表语。
宾语补足语（Object Complement）：* 宾语补足语是对直接宾语进行进一步说明的成分。
例如：“They named the baby Tom.”中的"Tom" 就是宾语补足语。
主语补足语（Subject Complement）：* 主语补足语是对主语进行进一步说明的成分。
通常出现在连系动词后。
例如：“She seems happy.”中的"happy" 就是主语补足语。
同位语（Appositive）：* 同位语是对名词或代词进行进一步解释的成分。
例如：“My friend, a doctor, is visiting.”中的"a doctor" 就是同位语。
状语从句（Adverbial Clause）：* 状语从句是一个完整的句子，用于对动词进行进一步说明，通常以连词引导。
例如：“After the rain, we went outside.”中的"After the rain" 就是状语从句。
定语从句（Relative Clause）：* 定语从句用于对名词进行进一步说明，通常以关系代词引导。
例如：“The book that I bought is interesting.”中的"that I bought" 就是定语从句。
形容词性补语（Adjective Complement）：* 形容词性补语是对宾语或主语中的名词进行进一步说明的形容词。
主语补足语的五种形式
主语补足语的五种形式主语补足语是指在句子中用来补充或说明主语的成分。
它可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或从句等形式。
本文将详细介绍主语补足语的五种形式，并通过一些例句进行说明。
1. 名词作主语补足语名词作为主语补足语时，通常用于说明主语的身份、职业、状态等。
名词作主语补足语时，与主语之间存在着一种等同关系。
例句： - My father is a doctor.（我的父亲是一名医生。
） - The winner of the competition is Tom.（比赛的获胜者是汤姆。
）2. 形容词作主语补足语形容词作为主语补足语时，用于描述或修饰主语的特征、性质等。
形容词作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种系动关系。
例句： - She is beautiful.（她很漂亮。
） - The cake smells delicious.（蛋糕闻起来很香。
）3. 副词作主语补足语副词作为主语补足语时，用于修饰主语的方式、程度、频率等。
副词作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种状态或行为关系。
例句： - He ran quickly.（他跑得很快。
） - The dog barks loudly.（狗叫得很大声。
）4. 介词短语作主语补足语介词短语作为主语补足语时，用于表示主语的位置、方向、时间等。
介词短语作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种关系。
例句： - The book is on the table.（书在桌子上。
） - They went to the park yesterday.（他们昨天去了公园。
）5. 从句作主语补足语从句作为主语补足语时，用于说明或解释主句的内容。
从句作主语补足语时，与主谓之间存在着一种关联关系。
例句： - What he said is true.（他说的是真的。
） - Whether she will come or not is uncertain.（她是否会来还不确定。
主语补足语和表语
主语补足语和表语
主语补足语是判孙歼带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态后保留在后面的成分，也就是说由于原宾语在被动语态中成了主语，保留下来的补足语就成了主语补足语。
1、一个句子定要有主语和谓语，宾语就是谓语的作用掘冲对像，有的句子可以没有。
2、表语就是be动词后面加的内容，其实呢，它算是主语补足语的一种。
同谓语就是说两个词表示的意思一样，在句子中的位置是同一位置。
3、主语：是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么。
表示句子说的是"什么人"或“什么事”。
主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
4、主谓宾结构：主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy）,主格代词（如you）,动词不定式,动名词等.主语一般在句首.注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!。
5、谓语：谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语。
如：
主动语态凯哗：We saw him get on the bus (我们看到他上了公交车). —— get on the bus 是宾语补足语
被动语态：He was seen to get on the bus (看到他上了公交车) —— to get on the bus 是主语补足语。
表语补足语是跟在表语形容词后面的成分。
如：
I am gald to meet you (很高兴见到你) —— to meet you 是表语 glad 的补足语
She is afraid of other boys (她害怕其他男孩子) —— of
other boys 是表语 afraid 的补足语。
七种补语的具体内容及用法 -回复
七种补语的具体内容及用法-回复补语是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它用来补充、说明主语、宾语或者介词短语的内容。
在英语中，常见的补语包括名词性补语、形容词性补语、副词性补语、介词性补语、不定式补语、动名词补语和从句补语。
本文将一一介绍并详细解释这七种补语的具体内容和使用方法。
一、名词性补语（Noun Complement）名词性补语可以填补在及物动词或链接动词后，用来补充或者说明主语或者宾语的情况。
名词性补语可以是名词、代词、不定式、动名词、介词短语等具有名词性质的成分。
具体的用法有：1. 名词性补语作为宾语补足语- I found the book interesting.（interesting作为宾语补足语，说明the book的特点）- She considers him a good friend.（a good friend是宾语补足语，说明him的身份）2. 名词性补语作为主语补足语- My hobby is drawing.（drawing作为主语补足语，说明my hobby 是什么）- The most important thing is to believe in yourself.（to believe in yourself是主语补足语，说明the most important thing是什么）3. 名词性补语作为表语补足语- She is a doctor.（a doctor作为表语补足语，说明she的身份）- The problem seems impossible to solve.（impossible to solve 作为表语补足语，说明the problem的状态）二、形容词性补语（Adjective Complement）形容词性补语用来补充、说明主语或者宾语的性质或者状态，常用来修饰名词。
具体的用法有：1. 形容词性补语作为链接动词的补语- He looks tired.（tired作为补语，说明主语he的状态）- She made him happy.（happy作为补语，说明宾语him的感受）2. 形容词性补语作为动词的宾语补足语- They chose her as their leader.（as their leader作为宾语补足语，说明her的身份）- We consider the plan feasible.（feasible作为宾语补足语，说明the plan的特性）三、副词性补语（Adverb Complement）副词性补语可以用副词或者副词短语的形式出现，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个句子的含义。
主语补足语
一.主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语。
eg.They caught the boy stealing.被动语态The boy was caught stealing.stealing 即为主语补足语被动语态后的主语补足语二.主语补足语的判别1.看句中的动词是不是可接复合宾语，而且是不是被动语态2.另一种最简单的方法是：如果还不能看出来就可以把全句改成主动语态，加上一个主语we或people等。
改成主动语态后，看后面是不是变成了“宾语+宾语补足语”了，这样我们就可以判别原句后面是不是主语补足语。
e.g.被动句：She was found reading in the library. (主语补足语) 主动句：We found her reading in the library. (宾语+宾语补足语)三.主语补足语形式种种1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语。
例如：① The dog is called Karl.②Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight. ③ He was found the right man for the job.2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。
例如：①The door was painted white. ②The old man was found weak. ③The classroom is always kept clean every day.3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语。
例如：①He is often heard reading English. ②The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab. ③The glass was found broken. ④ The classroom was found crowded with people.4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语。
_主补,宾补和双宾语
宾语补足语:某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语。
比如说：I'm going to paint it pink.句子中的it显然是宾语。
但是主语将要做的并不是it，而是paint it pink。
pink 是句子中的宾语补足语。
它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是执行了paint的动作。
句子中的pink是形容词做宾语补足语。
能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。
一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。
比如：I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补）I saw the kite up and down. （up and down是副词做宾补）Tom made the girl cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式）*常跟复合宾语的动词有：call,name,make,think,find,leave,keep,nominate(任命), choose,elect(选举),define(定义),regard, see, recognize,treat, take,consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge,describe,depict(描述),represent(表现出),decl are(宣称),denounce, employ(雇佣), use, show, organize, express注意：当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear feel observe(感官动词)make have let get(使役动词)接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
主语补足语形式种种
1. 动词elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名词用作主语补足语。
例如：
① The dog is called Karl.
② Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.
③ He was found the right man for the job.
2. 动词keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容词用作主语补足语。
例如：
① The door was painted white.
② The old man was found weak.
③ The classroom is always kept clean every day.
3. 动词see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分词用作主语补足语。
例如：
① He is often heard reading English.
② The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.
③ The glass was found broken.
④ The classroom was found crowded with people.
4.感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接带to的不定式用作主语补足语。
例如：
① He was seen to come upstairs.
② Ice is known to be in a solid state.
③ The spy was ordered to be hanged.
5. 介词短语用作主语补足语。
例如：
① The books in the study must be kept in good order.
② He was found in good health.
③ English is considered of great importance for us.
6. as后面接名词、形容词、分词等用作主语补足语。
例如：
① English is taken as a useful means for research work.
② The news is considered as true.
③ The stool is usually thought as having four legs
④ The vase is thought as broken.
7. 由what引导的名词性从句用作主语补足语。
例如：
The boy has been made what he is.。