米什金《货币金融学》第4章

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2017年金融考研专业课米什金《货币金融学》重点章节

2017年金融考研专业课米什金《货币金融学》重点章节

2017年金融考研专业课米什金《货币金融学》重点章节第一章为什么研究货币、银行与金融市场GDP平减指数,通货膨胀率计算第二章金融体系概览1.名词解释逆向选择:在信息不对称的情况下,差的商品总是将好的商品逐出市场;或者说拥有信息优势的一方总是趋向于做出有利于自生而不利于别人的选择。

金融恐慌:由于资金提供者对金融中介机构的稳定性产生怀疑,因而将资金从稳定和不稳定的机构中抽回,导致大量金融机构倒闭。

2.金融市场的基本经济功能:将资金从那些由于支出小于收入而积蓄多余资金的人手中转移至由于支出大于收入而缺乏资金的人手中。

(直接,间接融资)3.金融市场的结构:债权股权市场;一级二级市场;交易所、场外市场OTC;货币市场:小于一年,短期国库券,可转让存单,商业票据,银行承兑汇票,回购协议,联邦基金等。

资本市场:大于一年,股票,公司债券,抵押贷款,美国政府证券,商业贷款等。

4.金融市场国际化:外国债券:在外国市场上发行,并以发行国货币计价的债券。

欧洲债券:在外国市场上发行,但并非以发行国货币来计价的债券。

欧洲货币:存放在本国之外的银行的外国货币。

最重要的是欧洲美元。

欧洲美元:存放在美国以外的外国银行或美国银行国外分支机构的美元。

5.金融中介功能(间接融资):1)降低交易成本,为客户提供流动性服务。

2)分担风险,减少投资者风险。

3)缓解由信息不对称而产生的逆向选择和道德风险问题。

6.金融中介类型:1)存款机构:银行,信用社。

2)契约性储蓄机构:保险,养、退休基金。

3)投资中介机构:财务公司,共同基金,货币市场共同基金,投行。

6.金融体系的监管帮助投资者获取更多信息,确保金融体系的健全性。

1986《Q》废除。

(Q:美联储有权利设置银行存款利率上限)第三章什么是货币1.货币的功能交易媒介,记账单位,价值贮藏(流动性:资产转化为交易媒介的成本和速度)2.货币计量M1=通货+旅行者支票+活期存款+其他支票存款M2=M1+小额定期存款+储蓄存款与货币市场存款账户+货币市场共同基金份额第四章理解利率1.四种信用市场工具1)普通贷款:到期支付本金与利息,如商业贷款。

对外经济贸易大学金融专业考研(米什金)《货币金融学》辅导讲义2

对外经济贸易大学金融专业考研(米什金)《货币金融学》辅导讲义2

对外经济贸易大学金融专业考研(米什金)《货币金融学》辅导讲义2第二篇金融市场第四章理解利率利率与回报率的区别(回报率等于当期收益率与资本利得率之和)名义利率与实际利率第五章利率行为资产需求理论资产需求数量和财富(正),预期回报率(正),风险(负),流动性(正)关系然后分析债券市场的供给和需求,由于债券市场和利率的联系,然后分析利率变动债券曲线的供给(投资机会的预期盈利性,预期通货膨胀率,政府预算)费雪效应流动性偏好理论从流动性偏好理论中,似乎可以得出货币供给增长会降低利率的结论,但是需要讨论三种情况,从收入效应,价格效应,通货膨胀预期效应三股力量的作用。

第六章利率的风险结构与期限结构利率的风险结构到期期限相同的债券却有着不同的利率违约风险流动性所得税利率的期限结构具有不同的到期期限的债券之间的利率联系收益率曲线yield curve期限不同,但风险,流动性,税收政策相同的债券的收益率连成一条曲线,得到收益率曲线。

收益率曲线一般分为向上倾斜,平坦和向下倾斜的(又被成为inverted yield curve反转收益率曲线)期限结构的三个经验事实:1不同到期期限的债券的利率随着时间一起波动2若短期利率较低,收益率屡曲线很可能向上倾斜。

如果短期利率较高,则收益率曲线很可能向下倾斜,即使翻转的形状。

3收益率曲线几乎总是向上倾斜的预期理论解释1、2,分割市场理论解释3,流动性溢价理论都可以解释。

预期理论:长期债券的利率等于其在有效期内人们所预期的短期利率的平均值,这一理论的关键假定在于,不同债券之间可以完全替代。

分割市场理论关键假定,不同到期期限的债券根本无法相互替代,原因在于投资者的强烈偏好。

通常短期持有者的需求更多,所以解释了第三个事实。

流动性溢价理论与期限优先理论长期债券的利率等于到期之前短期利率的平均值和随债券供求状况变动而变动的流动性溢价之和。

关键假定在于,不同到期期限的债券是可以相互替代的,但是,投资者也对不同期限债券有不同的偏好。

米什金货币金融学英文版习题答案chapter4英文习题

米什金货币金融学英文版习题答案chapter4英文习题

米什金货币金融学英文版习题答案chapter4英文习题Economics of Money, Banking, and Financial Markets, 11e, Global Edition(Mishkin)Chapter 4The Meaning of Interest Rates4.1Measuring Interest Rates1) The concept of ________ is based on the common-sense XXX.A) present valueB) future valueC) interestD) deflationXXX:Aof Knowledge2) The present value of an expected future payment ________ as the interest rate XXX) fallsB) risesC) is constantD) is unaffectedXXX:AThinking3) An increase in the time to the promised future payment ________ the present value of XXX.A) decreasesB) increasesC) has no effect onD) is XXXXXX:AThinking4) With an interest rate of 6 percent, the present value of $100 next year is approximatelyA) $106.B) $100.C) $94.D) $92.Answer:CThinking5) What is the present value of $500.00 to be paid in two years if the interest rate is 5 percent?A) $453.51B) $500.00C) $476.25D) $550.00XXX:AThinking6) If a security pays $55 in one year and $133 in three years, its present value is $150 if XXXA) 5 percent.B) 10 percent.C) 12.5 percent.D) 15 percent.XXX:BThinking7) XXX who is to receive $1 million per year for twenty years has won$20 million ignores the process ofA) face value.B) par value.C) deflation.D) discounting the future.XXX:DThinking8) A credit market XXX with an amount of XXX date along with an interest payment is known as aA) simple loan.B) fixed-payment loan.C) XXX.D) discount bond.XXX:Aof Knowledge9) A credit market instrument that requires the borrower to make the same payment XXX date is known as aA) simple loan.B) fixed-payment loan.C) XXX.D) discount bond.XXX:Bof Knowledge10) Which of the following are TRUE of fixed payment loans?A) XXX.B) XXX.C) XXX.D) XXX are often of this type.XXX:BThinking11) A XXX is another name forA) a simple loan.B) a fixed-payment loan.C) a commercial loan.D) an unsecured loan.XXX:Bof Knowledge12) A credit market XXX date and then repays the face value is called aA) simple loan.B) fixed-payment loan.C) XXX.D) discount bond.Answer:Cof Knowledge13) A ________ pays the owner a fixed coupon payment every year until the maturity date, whenthe ________ value is repaid.A) coupon bond; discountB) discount bond; discountC) coupon bond; faceD) discount bond; faceAnswer:CThinking14) The ________ is the final amount that will be paid to the XXX) discount valueB) coupon valueC) face valueD) present valueAnswer:Cof Knowledge15) When talking about a coupon bond, face value and ________ mean the same thing.A) par valueB) coupon valueC) amortized valueD) discount valueXXX:Aof Knowledge16) The dollar amount of the XXX of the face valueof the bond is called the bond'sA) XXX.B) maturity rate.C) face value rate.D) XXX.XXX:Aof Knowledge17) The ________ XXX rate times the par value of the bond.A) present valueB) face valueC) XXXD) maturity XXXAnswer:CThinking18) If a $1000 face value coupon bond has a coupon rate of3.75 percent, then the couponpayment every year isA) $37.50.B) $3.75.C) $375.00.D) $13.75XXX:AThinking19) If a $5,000 coupon bond has a coupon rate of 13 percent, then the XXXA) $650.B) $1,300.C) $130.D) $13.XXX:AThinking20) An $8,000 coupon bond with a $400 coupon payment every year has a coupon rate ofA) 5 percent.B) 8 percent.C) 10 percent.D) 40 percent.XXX:AThinking21) A $1000 face value coupon bond with a $60 coupon payment every year has a coupon rate ofA) .6 percent.B) 5 percent.C) 6 percent.D) 10 percent.Answer:CThinking22) All of the following are examples of XXXA) XXX.B) XXX.C) XXX.D) XXX.XXX:BThinking23) XXX at a price below its face value and the face value is XXX called aA) simple loan.B) fixed-payment loan.C) XXX.D) discount bond.XXX:Dof Knowledge24) A ________ is bought at a price below its face value, and the ________ value is XXX.A) coupon bond; discountB) discount bond; discountC) coupon bond; faceD) discount bond; faceXXX:DThinking25) A discount bondA) pays the bondholder a fixed amount every period and the face value at maturity.B) XXX.C) pays all interest and the face value at maturity.D) pays the face value at maturity plus any capital gain.XXX:BThinking26) Examples of discount bonds includeA) XXX.B) XXX.C) XXX.D) municipal bonds.XXX:AThinking27) Which of the following are TRUE for discount bonds?A) A discount XXX par.B) The purchaser receives the face value of the bond at the maturity date.C) XXX and notes are examples of discount bonds.D) The purchaser receives the par value at maturity plus any capital gains.XXX:BThinking28) The interest rate that equates the present value of payments received from a debt instrumentwith its value today is theA) simple interest rate.B) current yield.C) XXX.D) real interest rate.Answer:Cof Knowledge29) Economists consider the ________ to be the most XXX) simple interest rate.B) current yield.C) XXX.D) real interest rate.Answer:CThinking30) For simple loans, the simple interest rate is ________ the yield to maturity.A) greater thanB) less thanC) equal toD) not comparable toAnswer:Cof Knowledge31) If the amount payable in two years is $2420 for a simple loan at 10 percent interest, the loanamount isA) $1000.B) $1210.C) $2000.D) $2200.Answer:CThinking32) For a 3-year simple loan of $10,000 at 10 percent, the amount to be repaid isA) $10,030.B) $10,300.C) $13,000.D) $13,310.XXX:DThinking33) If $22,050 is the amount payable in two years for a $20,000 simple loan made today, XXXA) 5 percent.B) 10 percent.C) 22 percent.D) 25 percent.XXX:AThinking34) If a security pays $110 next year and $121 the year after that, what is its yield to maturity if itsells for $200?A) 9 percentB) 10 percentC) 11 percentD) 12 percentXXX:BThinking35) The present value of a fixed-payment loan is calculated as the ________ of the present valueof all cash flow payments.A) sumB) differenceC) multipleD) logXXX:AThinking36) Which of the following are TRUE for a coupon bond?A) When the coupon bond is priced at its face value, the yield to XXX) The price of a coupon bond and the yield to XXX.C) The yield to maturity is greater than the coupon rate when the bond price is above the parvalue.D) The yield is less than the coupon rate when the bond price is below the par value.Answer:AThinking37) The ________ of a coupon bond and the yield to maturity are inversely related.A) priceB) par valueC) maturity dateD) termXXX:AThinking38) The price of a coupon bond and the yield to maturity are ________ related; that is, as theyield to maturity ________, the price of the bond ________.A) positively; rises; risesB) negatively; falls; fallsC) positively; rises; fallsD) negatively; rises; fallsXXX:DThinking39) The yield to maturity is ________ than the ________ rate when the bond price is ________its face value.A) greater; coupon; aboveB) greater; coupon; belowC) greater; perpetuity; aboveD) less; perpetuity; belowXXX:BThinking40) The ________ is below the coupon rate when the bond price is ________ its par value.A) yield to maturity; aboveB) yield to maturity; belowC) discount rate; aboveD) discount rate; belowXXX:AThinking41) A $10,000 8 percent coupon bond that sells for $10,000 has a yield to maturity ofA) 8 percent.B) 10 percent.C) 12 percent.D) 14 percent.XXX:AThinking42) Which of the following $1,000 face-value securities has XXX?A) a 5 percent XXX,000B) a 10 percent XXX,000C) a 12 percent XXX,000D) a 12 percent XXX,100Answer:CThinking43) Which of the following $5,000 face-value securities has XXX?A) a 6 percent XXX,000B) a 6 XXX,500C) a 10 percent XXX,000D) a 12 percent XXX,500XXX:DThinking44) Which of the following $1,000 face-value securities has XXX?A) a 5 percent coupon bond with a price of $600B) a 5 percent coupon bond with a price of $800C) a 5 percent coupon bond with a price of $1,000D) a 5 percent coupon bond with a price of $1,200XXX:AThinking45) Which of the following $1,000 face-value securities has XXX?A) a 5 percent XXX,000B) a 10 percent XXX,000C) a 15 percent XXX,000D) a 15 percent XXXXXX:AThinking46) Which of the following bonds would you prefer to be buying?A) a $10,000 face-value security with a 10 percent XXX,000B) a $10,000 face-value security with a 7 percent XXX,000C) a $10,000 face-value security with a 9 percent XXX,000D) a $10,000 face-value security with a 10 percent XXX,000XXX:AThinking47) XXX and no repayment of principal is called aA) consol.B) cabinet.C) Treasury bill.D) Treasury note.XXX:Aof Knowledge48) The price of a XXXA) times the interest rate.B) plus the interest rate.C) minus the interest rate.D) divided by the interest rate.XXX:DThinking49) The interest rate on a consol equals theA) price times the XXX.B) XXX.C) XXX plus the price.D) XXX.XXX:DThinking50) A consol paying $20 annually when the interest rate is 5 percent has a price ofA) $100.B) $200.C) $400.D) $800.Answer:CThinking51) If a perpetuity has a price of $500 and an annual interest payment of $25, the interest rate isA) 2.5 percent.B) 5 percent.C) 7.5 percent.D) 10 percent.XXX:BThinking52) The yield to XXX. It is called the ________ when approximating the XXX.A) current yieldB) discount yieldC) future yieldD) XXX yieldXXX:AThinking53) The yield to maturity for a one-year discount bond equals the increase in price over the year,divided by theA) initial price.B) face value.C) interest rate.D) XXX.XXX:AThinking54) If a $10,000 face-value discount XXX,000, XXXA) 5 percent.B) 10 percent.C) 50 percent.D) 100 percent.XXX:DThinking55) If a $5,000 face-value discount XXX,000, then its XXXA) 0 percent.B) 5 percent.C) 10 percent.D) 20 percent.XXX:AThinking56) XXX for $15,000 with a face value of $20,000 in one year has a yield XXXA) 3 percent.B) 20 percent.C) 25 percent.D) 33.3 percent.XXX:DThinking57) The yield to maturity for a discount bond is ________ related to the current bond price.A) negativelyB) positivelyC) notD) directlyXXX:AThinking58) A discount bond is also called a ________ because the owner does not receive periodicpayments.A) XXX-coupon bondB) municipal bondC) corporate bondD) consolXXX:Aof Knowledge59) Another name for a consol is a ________ because it is a bond with no XXX.A) XXXB) discount bondC) municipalityD) high-yield bondXXX:Aof Knowledge60) If the interest rate is 5%, what is the present value of a security that pays you $1, 050 nextyear and $1,102.50 two years from now? If this security sold for $2200, is the yield to XXX less than 5%? Why?Answer:PV = $1,050/(1. +.05) + $1,102.50/(1 + 0.5)2PV = $2,000If this security sold for $2200, the yield to maturity is less than 5%. The lower the interest ratethe higher the present value.Thinking4.2The Distinction XXX1) The ________ is defined as the payments to the owner plus the change in a security'XXX.A) XXXB) current yieldC) rate of returnD) yield rateAnswer:Cof Knowledge2) Which of the following are TRUE concerning the distinction between interest rates andreturns?A) The rate of return on a bond will not necessarily equal the interest rate on that bond.B) The return can be expressed as the difference between the current yield and the rate of capitalgains.C) The rate of return will be greater than the interest rate when the price of the bond XXX.D) The return can be expressed as the sum of the discount yield and the rate of capital XXX:AThinking3) The sum of the current yield and the rate of capital gain is called theA) rate of return.B) discount yield.C) perpetuity yield.D) par value.XXX:AThinking4) What is the return on a 5 percent XXX initially sells for $1,000 and sells for$1,200 next year?A) 5 percentB) 10 percentC) -5 percentD) 25 percentXXX:DThinking5) What is the return on a 5 percent XXX initially sells for $1,000 and sells for $900next year?A) 5 percentB) 10 percentC) -5 percentD) -10 percentAnswer:CThinking6) The return on a 5 percent XXX initially sells for $1,000 and sells for $950 nextyear isA) -10 percent.B) -5 percent.C) 0 percent.D) 5 percent.Answer:CThinking7) Suppose you are holding a 5 percent XXX in one year witha yield tomaturity of 15 percent. If the interest rate on one-yearbonds rises from 15 percent to 20 percentover the course of the year, what is the yearly return on the bond you are holding?A) 5 percentB) 10 percentC) 15 percentD) 20 percentAnswer:CThinking8) I purchase a 10 percent coupon bond. Based on my purchase price, I XXX of 8 percent. If I hold this bond to maturity, then my return on this asset isA) 10 percent.B) 8 percent.C) 12 percent.D) there is not enough information to determine the return.XXX:BThinking9) If the interest rates on all bonds rise from 5 to 6 percent over the course of the year, whichbond would you prefer to have been holding?A) a bond with one year to maturityB) a bond with five years to maturityC) a bond with ten years to maturityD) XXXXXX:AThinking10) An equal decrease in all bond interest ratesA) increases the price of a five-year bond more than the price of a ten-year bond.B) increases the price of a ten-year bond more than the price of a five-year bond.C) decreases the price of a five-year bond more than the price of a ten-year bond.D) decreases the price of a ten-year bond more than the price of a five-year bond.XXX:BThinking11) An equal increase in all bond interest ratesA) increases the return to all XXX.B) decreases the return to all XXX.C) has no effect on the returns to bonds.D) decreases long-term bond returns more than short-term bond returns.XXX:DThinking12) Which of the following are generally TRUE of bonds?A) XXX when the time to maturity is the same as theholding period.B) A rise in interest rates is associated with a fall in bond prices, XXX.C) XXX, the smaller is the size of the price change associated with aninterest rate change.D) Prices and returns for short-term bonds are more volatile than those for longer-XXX:AThinking13) Which of the following are generally TRUE of all bonds?A) XXX, the greater is the rate of return that occurs as a result of theincrease in the interest rate.B) Even though a bond has a substantial initial interest rate, its return can turn out to be negativeif interest rates rise.C) Prices and returns for short-term bonds are more volatile than those for longer term bonds.D) A fall in interest rates results in capital XXX.XXX:BThinking14) XXXA) exchange-rate risk.B) price risk.C) asset risk.D) interest-rate risk.XXX:Dof Knowledge15) Interest-rate risk is the riskiness of an asset's returns due toA) interest-rate changes.B) XXX.C) default of the borrower.D) XXX.XXX:Aof Knowledge16) Prices and returns for ________ bonds are more volatile than those for ________ bonds,everything else held constant.A) long-term; long-termB) long-term; short-termC) short-term; long-termD) short-term; short-termXXX:BThinking7) There is ________ for any bond whose time to XXX) no interest-rate riskB) a large interest-rate riskC) rate-of-return riskD) yield-to-maturity riskXXX:AThinking18) All bonds that will not be held to maturity have interest rate risk which occurs because of thechange in the price of the bond as a result ofA) interest-rate changes.B) XXX.C) default of the borrower.D) XXX.XXX:Aof Knowledge19) Your favorite uncle advises you to purchase long-term bonds because their interest rate is10%. Should you follow his advice?Answer:It depends on where you think interest rates are headed in the future. If you thinkinterest rates will be going up, you should not follow your XXX your bond if you needed to sell it before the maturity date. Long-term bondshave a greater interest-rate risk.Thinking4.3The Distinction Between Real and Nominal Interest Rates1) The ________ interest rate is adjusted for expected changes in the price level.A) ex ante realB) ex post realC) ex post nominalD) ex ante nominalXXX:Aof Knowledge2) The ________ XXX the true cost of borrowing.A) nominalB) realC) discountD) marketXXX:BThinking3) The nominal interest rate minus the expected rate of inflationA) defines the real interest rate.B) is a less accurate measure of the XXX.C) is a less accurate indicator of the tightness of credit market XXX.D) XXX.XXX:AThinking4) When the ________ interest rate is low, there are greater incentives to ________ and fewerincentives to ________.A) nominal; lend; borrowB) real; lend; borrowC) real; borrow; lendD) market; lend; borrowAnswer:CThinking5) The interest rate that describes how well a lender has done in real terms after the XXXA) ex post real interest rate.B) ex ante real interest rate.C) ex post XXX.D) ex XXX.XXX:AThinking6) The ________ XXX the real interest rate plus XXX.A) Fisher XXXB) XXXC) Monetarist XXXD) XXXXXX:Aof Knowledge7) If the nominal rate of interest is 2 percent, and the expected inflation rate is -10 percent, thereal rate of interest isA) 2 percent.B) 8 percent.C) 10 percent.D) 12 percent.XXX:DThinking8) In which of the following XXX lender?A) The interest rate is 9 percent and the expected inflation rate is 7 percent.B) The interest rate is 4 percent and the expected inflation rate is 1 percent.C) The interest rate is 13 percent and the expected inflation rate is 15 percent.D) The interest rate is 25 percent and the expected inflation rate is 50 percent.XXX:BThinking9) In which of the following XXX?A) The interest rate is 9 percent and the expected inflation rate is 7 percent.B) The interest rate is 4 percent and the expected inflation rate is 1 percent.C) The interest rate is 13 percent and the expected inflation rate is 15 percent.D) The interest rate is 25 percent and the expected inflation rate is 50 percent.XXX:DThinking10) XXX rate to be 15 percent next year and a one-year bond has a yield tomaturity of 7 percent, then the real interest rate on this bond isA) 7 percent.B) 22 percent.C) -15 percent.D) -8 percent.XXX:DThinking11) XXX rate to be 12 percent next year and a one-year bond has a yield tomaturity of 7 percent, then the real interest rate on this bond isA) -5 percent.B) -2 percent.C) 2 percent.D) 12 percent.XXX:AThinking12) XXX rate to be 4 percent next year and a one year bond has a yield tomaturity of 7 percent, then the real interest rate on this bond isA) -3 percent.B) -2 percent.C) 3 percent.D) 7 percent.Answer:CThinking13) In the United States during the late 1970s, the nominal interest rates were quite high, but thereal interest rates werenegative. From the Fisher equation, XXX in the United States during this period wasA) XXX.B) XXX.C) negative.D) high.XXX:DThinking14) The interest rate on XXX) the real interest rate.B) the XXX.C) the rate of inflation.D) the rate of deflation.XXX:AThinking15) Assuming the same XXX, XXX Indexed Security and the yield on a XXXA) the XXX.B) the real interest rate.C) the XXX.D) the XXX.XXX:DThinking16) Assuming the same XXX, when the interest rate on a TreasuryInflation Indexed Security is 3 percent, and the yield on a nonindexed Treasury bond is 8 percent,the expected rate of XXXA) 3 percent.B) 5 percent.C) 8 percent.D) 11 percent.XXX:BThinking17) Would it make sense to buy a house when mortgage rates are 14% and expected XXX? XXX.though the nominal rate for the mortgage appears high, the real cost ofborrowing the funds is -1%. Yes, under this circumstance it XXX.Thinking4.4Web Appendix: Measuring Interest-Rate Risk: XXX1) Duration isA) XXX.B) the time until the next interest XXX.C) the average lifetime of a debt security's stream of payments.D) the time between interest XXX.Answer:Cof Knowledge2) XXX with the same maturityA) the coupon bond has the greater effective maturity.B) the discount bond has the greater effective maturity.C) XXX.D) XXX.XXX:BThinking3) XXX increasesA) XXX.B) when interest rates increase.C) XXX.D) XXX.XXX:AThinking4) All else equal, when interest rates ________, the duration of a coupon bond ________.A) rise; fallsB) rise; increasesC) falls; fallsD) falls; does not changeXXX:AThinking5) All else equal, the ________ the coupon rate on a bond, the ________ XXX) higher; longerB) higher; shorterC) lower; shorterD) greater; longerXXX:BThinking6) If a financial institution has 50% of its portfolio in a bond with a five-year duration and 50%of its portfolio in a bond with a seven-year duration, what is the duration of the portfolio?A) 12 yearsB) 7 yearsC) 6 yearsD) 5 yearsAnswer:CThinking7) An asset's interest rate risk ________ as the duration of the asset ________.A) increases; decreasesB) decreases; decreasesC) decreases; increasesD) remains constant; increasesXXX:B。

米什金《货币金融学》(第11版)笔记和课后习题详解

米什金《货币金融学》(第11版)笔记和课后习题详解

米什金《货币金融学》(第11版)笔记和课后习题详解(1)浓缩内容精华,整理名校笔记。

(2)解析课后习题,提供详尽答案。

国内外教材一般没有提供课(章)后习题答案或者答案很简单,(3)补充相关要点,强化专业知识。

一般来说,国外英文教材的中译本不太符合中国学生的思维习惯,有些语言的表述不清或条理性不强而给学习带来了不便,因此,对每章复习笔记的一些重要知识点和一些习题的解答,我们在不违背原书原意的基础上结合其他相关经典教材进行了必要的整理和分析。

第1篇引言第1章为什么研究货币、银行与金融市场1.1 复习笔记1为什么研究金融市场金融市场是指将资金剩余方的资金转移到资金短缺方的市场。

通过债券市场和股票市场等金融市场,资金从没有生产用途的人向有生产用途的人转移,从而提高了经济效率。

此外,金融市场上的变化还直接影响着个人财富、企业和消费者的行为以及经济周期。

(1)债券市场和利率证券是对发行人未来收入与资产的索取权。

债券是债务证券,它承诺在一个特定的时间段中进行定期支付,债券包括长期债务工具和短期债务工具。

债券市场可以帮助政府和企业筹集到所需要的资金,并且是决定利率的场所,因此在经济活动中有着重要的特殊意义。

利率是借款的成本或为借入资金支付的价格(通常以一定时期内的利息额同本金额的比率来表示)。

利率对整个经济的健康运行有着很大的影响:对于个人来说,利率过高倾向于使其减少消费,增加储蓄;对于企业来说,利率还影响着企业的投资决策,利率的高低决定着企业投资成本的高低。

(2)股票市场普通股(简称为股票)代表持有者对公司的所有权,是对公司收益和资产的索取权。

股票市场是指人们交易股票的市场。

股票市场的价格波动会影响到人们的财富水平,进而对他们的消费意愿产生影响。

股票市场也是影响投资决策的一个重要因素,因为股票价格的高低决定了发行股票所能筹集到的资金数量,从而限制了企业可用于投资的资金。

企业股票的价格高,则他们可以筹集到更多的资金,用于购买更多的生产设施以及装备。

中国人民大学金融专业考研米什金《货币金融学》学姐重点笔记

中国人民大学金融专业考研米什金《货币金融学》学姐重点笔记

中国人民大学金融专业考研米什金《货币金融学》学姐重点笔记第四篇中央银行与货币政策操作第十三章中央银行的结构与联邦储备体系目标(最重要的目标是第一个,然后是前三个,都是人民生活相关)1物价稳定(通货膨胀会抑制经济增长,恶心通货膨胀具有极强的破坏力。

名义锚是锁定物价水平以实现物价稳定目标的名义变量,前提是这个变量和物价水平有着稳定并且可靠的联系。

使用名义锚,解决时间不一致问题。

时间不一致主要是指短期政策与长期政策发生了冲突。

比如新年制定了减肥计划,可是第二天却无法自抑开始吃冰淇淋。

使得计划不能在长期保持一致)2高就业(由于存在摩擦性失业和结构性失业,所以应该追求自然失业率)3经济增长4金融市场稳定5利率稳定6外汇市场稳定物价稳定是否应该成为最主要的货币政策目标?物价稳定在长期内和其他目标是一种的,比如在长期通货膨胀和失业率就不存在菲利普斯曲线,但是在短期,比如经济扩张,失业下降,经济过热,通货上涨,为了稳定物价,银行会提高利率,但这样就会减少就业和加剧利率不稳定性。

如何破?阶梯目标和双重目标联邦储备体系的起源由于对中央集权的恐惧,导致了国民第一银行和国民第二银行的实践失败,由于缺少最后贷款人,导致银行业恐慌频发。

最终,美联储诞生。

中央银行三大法宝美联储是独立的吗?1工具独立性和目标独立性1收到立法和国会压力2委员会成员任期2总统压力3独立的收入来源中央银行的行为:官僚行为理论,增强权利和声望的愿望,包括捍卫自主权和避免利益冲突美联储应该保证独立性吗支持,受迫于政治压力会有通货膨胀压力,政治周期理论,政治家缺乏解决复杂经济事务的能力反对,精英政治不民主,财政政策,未能履行好职责,不能摆脱政治压力,第十四章多倍存款创造和货币供给过程美联储的资产负债资产负债政府证券流通中的现金贴现贷款准备金美联储的负债是货币供给的重要组成部分,美联储的货币负债总额(流通中的现金与准备金之和)与美国财政部的货币负债(流通中的财政货币,主要是铸币)被称为基础货币(又叫高能货币)负债或资产的科目的变动都会引起基础货币的增加,然后通过货币乘数和货币供给发生联系基础货币分为两种,非借入基础货币和借入准备金但美联储通过资产的运作(公开市场操作和贴现率),对基础货币实施控制公开市场购买对准备金的影响取决于债券出售方将销售所得现金以现金还是存款形式持有,但是无论哪种,对基础货币的影响是相同的。

货币银行学(米什金原书第4版)知识点串讲

货币银行学(米什金原书第4版)知识点串讲

货币银行学(米什金原书第4版) 串讲第一部分重要知识点梳理第二章重要知识点1.逆向选择(adverse selection)答:逆向选择是指在买卖双方信息非对称的情况下,差的商品总是将好的商品驱逐出市场;或者说拥有信息优势的一方,在交易中总是趋向于做出尽可能地有利于自己而不利于别人的选择。

逆向选择主要是交易前的信息不对称造成的。

逆向选择的存在使得市场价格不能真实地反映市场供求关系,导致市场资源配置的低效率。

一般在商品市场上卖者关于产品的质量。

保险市场上投保人关于自身的情况等等都有可能产生逆向选择问题。

解决逆向选择问题的方法主要有:政府对市场进行必要的干预和利用市场信号。

3.货币市场(money market)答:货币市场通常是指以短期金融工具为媒介,融资期限在一年以内(包括一年)的资金交易市场,又称短期资金市场。

货币市场主要是由短期信贷市场、短期证券市场、贴现市场等构成。

货币市场的主要特征表现为:期限短、流动性强、风险小等。

货币市场的主要交易对象有:银行存款、短期证券和商业票据等。

3.道德风险(moral hazard)答:道德风险是指在双方信息非对称的情况下,人们享有自己行为的收益,而将成本转嫁给别人,从而造成他人损失的可能性。

道德风险是信息不对称问题在交易后的影响产生的。

道德风险的存在不仅使得处于信息劣势的一方受到损失,而且会破坏原有的市场均衡,导致资源配置的低效率。

道德风险分析的应用领域主要是保险市场。

解决道德风险的主要方法是风险分担。

4.信息不对称(asymmetric information)答:信息不对称是指市场上的某些参与者拥有,但另一些参与者不拥有的信息;或指一方掌握的信息多一些,另一方所掌握的信息少一些。

信息不对称会导致资源配置不当,减弱市场效率,并且还会产生道德风险和逆向选择。

在很多情况下,市场机制并不能解决信息不对称问题,只能通过其他的一些机制来解决,特别是运用博奕论的相关知识来解决机制设计问题。

《米什金 货币金融学 第9版 笔记和课后习题 含考研真题 详》读书笔记思维导图

《米什金 货币金融学  第9版 笔记和课后习题 含考研真题 详》读书笔记思维导图
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本书关键字分析思维导图
真题
分析
笔记
货币
名校
典型
部分
复习

习题 教材
第版
视频
金融学
知识
货币政策 米什金
学习 书
目录
01 视频讲解教师简介
03 第2篇 金融市场
02 第1篇 引 言 04 第3篇 金融机构
讲...
第14章 货币供给过 程[视频讲解]
第15章 货币政策工 具[视频讲解]
第16章 货币政策操 作:战略与战术[视 频...
13.2 课后习题详解
13.1 复习笔记
13.3 考研真题与典 型题详解[视频讲
解...
14.2 课后习题详解
14.1 复习笔记
14.3 考研真题与典 型题详解[视频讲
3.2 课后习题详解
3.1 复习笔记
3.3 考研真题与典 型题详解[视频讲解]
第2篇 金融市场
第4章 理解利率[视 频讲解]
第5章 利率行为[视 频讲解]
第6章 利率的风险结 构与期限结构[视频 讲...
第7章 股票市场、理 性预期理论与有效市 场...
4.2 课后习题详解
4.1 复习笔记
4.3 考研真题与典 型题详解[视频讲解]
第24章 货币与通货 膨胀[视频讲解]
第23章 货币政策传 导机制的实证分析
19.2 课后习题详解
19.1 复习笔记
19.3 考研真题与典 型题详解[视频讲
解...

米什金《货币金融学》【教材精讲】(理解利率)【圣才出品】

米什金《货币金融学》【教材精讲】(理解利率)【圣才出品】

第4章理解利率4.1 本章要点●利率(interest rate)是借款的成本或为借入资金支付的价格,由于使用资金是有成本的,所以货币具有时间价值,不同时期收到的等额货币具有不同的价值;将来收到的资金折算成今天的价值,叫现值;今天收到的资金将来的价值叫终值。

●信用市场工具大致包括普通贷款、固定支付贷款、息票债券、贴现债券。

●债券的现价与利率是负相关的,当市场利率上升时,债券价格下跌,当市场利率下降时,债券价格上升。

债务工具的到期收益率是使未来支付的现值与债券当前价值相等的利率。

●由于市场利率的波动,债券的价格也会随之波动,回报率是债券的利息收入与债券价值变动之和占债券购买价格的比率。

只有持有期与到期期限一致的债券的回报率才与最初的到期收益率相等。

●名义利率是未调整通货膨胀因素的利率,实际利率是是指剔除通货膨胀率后的真实利率。

费雪方程式表明,名义利率等于实际利率加上预期的通货膨胀率。

4.2 重难点导学一、利率的计算将来收到的1美元不如现在收入的1美元值钱,我们称之为货币的时间价值。

1.终值:终值:现在的1美元,在将来某个时点的价值。

单利、复利和连续复利单利:以首期的本金为基数计算的各期利息P t=P0(1+r×t)复利:在每期届满时,将应得利息加入本金再计息的方式P t=P0(1+r)t连续复利:P t=P0 ×e r n2.现值现值(present value)将来支付的现在的价值。

3年后的133美元,即$100×(1+i)3相当于今天的100美元,即如果利率为15%,2年后的250美元的现值是多少?假定你购买纽约州政府彩票获得2000万美元的头奖,这意味着你将在未来的20年中每年获得100万美元。

你赢了多少钱?是2000万美元?二、四种类型的信用市场工具根据偿付时间安排的不同,信用市场工具可以分为四种基本类型。

1.普通贷款(simple loan)。

贷款人向借款人提供一定数量的资金,借款人必须在到期向贷款人归还本金,并支付额外的利息。

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重点知识
1.四种类型的信用市场工具
①普通贷款
贷款人向借款人提供一笔资金,借款人在到期日必须偿付本金和利息。

PV=CF
(1+i)n
PV:借款金额;
CF:1年后的现金流;
n:年数;
i:到期收益率。

②固定支付贷款
贷款人向借款人提供一笔资金,并约定在未来的若干年内,借款人每个期间(如每月)偿还固定金额。

LV=
FP
(1+i)
+
FP
(1+i)2
+⋯+
FP
(1+i)n
LV:贷款金额;
FP:每年固定偿付金额;
n:距离贷款到期年限。

③息票债券
到期日之前定期向债券持有人支付利息,到期时偿还面值。

P=
C
(1+i)
+
C
(1+i)2
+⋯+
C
(1+i)n
+
F
(1+i)n
P:息票债券现值;
C:每期息票利息;
F:债券面值;
n:距离到期日年数。

④贴现发行债券
又称为零息债券,这种债券的购买价格低于其面值(贴现发行),到期时按照面值偿付。

贴现发行债券没有任何利息,发行人只需偿还债券面值。

P=
CF (1+i)n
P:永续债券现在的价格;
i:到期收益率;
CF:到期偿还的面值;
n:距离到期日的年数。

重点名词
1.到期收益率
使债务工具所带来未来所有现金流的现值与其今天的价值相等的贴现率。

P=෍
CF t
൫1+i൯n +
FP (1+i)n
n
t=1
P:债务工具当前市场价格;
CF t:t时刻的现金流;
FP:债务工具的面值。

2.永续债券
或称为统一公债,这是一种没有到期日,不必偿还本金,永远只需要支付固定的息票利息的永久性债券。

i c = C P
c
i c:到期收益率;
C:年息票利息;
P C:永续债券的价格
3.利率风险
由于利率变动引起的资产回报率的不确定性。

(价格风险和再投资风险)。

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