深圳八年级上册 英语Unit4inventions知识点及练习含答案

Unit4 Inventions一、知识概述1．掌握本单元所出现的生词、词组以及句型。

2．通过学习本课了解一些伟大的发明成果以及这些发明在生活中的应用。

3．语法：继续学习形容词的比较级和最高级的用法。

二、重难点知识讲解1．funny adj.滑稽的，好笑的funny的比较级和最高级分别为funnier，funniest。

e.g.I’ll tell you a funny story.我来给你讲一个有趣的故事。

He was a very funny guy.他这个人很滑稽。

注意：fun和funny都有形容词词性，funny表示“有趣的，滑稽的”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”，侧重点是让人觉得好玩或发笑。

但fun偏指愉快的；另外，fun主要词性是名词，为“乐趣”。

如have fun。

而funny就只是形容词。

e.g.We had a fun night in the club.我们在俱乐部度过了一个欢乐的夜晚。

That’s the funniest joke I’ve ever heard.那是我所听过的最风趣的笑话。

2．comfortable adj.舒服的，舒适的comfortable的比较级和最高级分别为more comfortable，most comfortable。

e.g.A home should be comfortable and friendly.家应该让人觉得舒服、亲切。

I feel very comfortable at the sea.在海边令我非常惬意。

Our wooden sofa seems not very comfortable.我们的木头沙发似乎不太舒服。

The Greens live a comfortable life.格林一家过着舒适的生活。

He got a comfortable job.他找到了一份轻松的工作。

Make yourself comfortable!别客气！3．century n. 世纪e.g.This book was written centuries ago. 这本书是几百年前写的。

The palace was built in the fifteenth century.这宫殿建于十五世纪。

There are 100 years in a century.一百年是一个世纪。

The famous artist lived almost a century.这位画家活了差不多一百岁。

You are out of your century.你跟不上时代。

4．invent v. 发明，创造e.g.Can you tell me who invented tea？你能告诉我是谁发明了茶吗？He always tries to invent something new. 他一直努力要发明新东西。

China was the first country to invent paper. 中国是发明纸的第一个国家。

Bell invented the telephone in 1876.贝尔1876年发明了电话。

拓展：invent的名词形式有两个，一个是invention发明，发明物；另一个是inventor发明者，发明家。

puter was one of the greatest invention in the last century.电脑是上个世纪最伟大的发明之一。

As we know, Edison was a very famous inventor.众所周知，爱迪生是一个很出名的发明家。

5．distance n. 距离，间距e.g.We suddenly saw her in the distance. 我们突然看见她在远处。

My house is four miles distance from the sea. 我家离海四英里。

At a distance, there is a mountain.在远处有座山。

You can see the picture clearly if you stand at a distance.如果你站在远处，这幅画你会看得更清楚。

拓展：有关distance的短语：good/long/great distance 长距离safe distance安全距离short distance 短距离，不远from the distance从远处keep the distance保持距离6．develop v. 开发，研制e.g.Modern music was first developed in Italy. 现代音乐最初是在意大利发展起来的。

Things develop. 事物是发展的。

We must do our best to develop the national economy. 我们必须努力发展国民经济。

The country wants to develop its traditional friendship with China. 这个国家希望发展和中国的传统友谊。

They began to develop a new industrial site near the river. 他们开始在那条河的附近开发一个新的工业区。

拓展：develop的名词形式为development。

cation is important to a country’s economic development.教育对一个国家的经济发展非常重要。

7．since then 自那以后（常用于完成时）e.g.They have been good friends since then.从那时起他们就一直是好朋友。

I have not seen him since then. 从那以后我再也没见过他。

Since then, I have been studying hard.从那以来我一直努力学习。

He has written more than 20 books since then.从那时候以来他写了二十多本书。

8．After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable.[译文]自它的发明之后，旅行变得更快捷、舒适。

句中的travelling是动名词作主语，其谓语动词用单数形式。

e.g.Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。

Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

Doing exercise everyday is good for your health.每天做运动对你的健康有好处。

Collecting stamps is my hobby.集邮是我的爱好。

9．A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages.[译文]几千年以前，人们就开始将车轮用于运输。

在英语中，表示“开始做某事”，既可以用start/begin to do sth.，也可以用start/begin doing sth.，但是当start/begin本来就是ing形式时，后面不能用doing sth.，只能用to do sth.。

辨析：begin和start两者其后均可接to do或doing，但在下面三种情况下，后跟to do较好：①主语是物而不是人时e.g.The ice began/started to melt.冰开始融化。

②本身为v.-ing形式时e.g.She is just beginning/starting to write the letter.她刚刚开始写那封信。

③其后的动词与想法、感情有关时e.g.She began/started to understand it.她开始明白这件事。

注意：start作“动身，发动，开办”等意思时，不可用begin代替。

e.g.He started for America last week. 他上周动身去美国了。

10．Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.[译文]没有车轮，我们就没有这些发明。

without prep.没有e.g.He ran ten miles without rest.他一口气跑了十里。

Without the sun, nothing would grow. 没有太阳，就不会有生物。

You can’t post a letter without a stamp. 没贴邮票你是不能寄信的。

We got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。

Without water, we cannot live. 没有水，我们就活不了。

11．Today millions of people across the world own mobile phones.[译文]当今世界上成千上万的人拥有手机。

million的用法：与数词或a few，several等词连用时，要用单数形式，不能加s；与of连用必须加-s，表示“数百万的，成千上万的”，它的用法同hundred和thousand一样。

e.g.There are millions of living things on the earth.世界上有数以百万计的生物。

There were millions of people in the square.广场上有好多好多人。

The programme attracted millions of viewers.这个节目吸引了数百万电视观众。

It is said that the damage was over one million dollars. 据说，损失超过了一百万美元。

He spent two million pounds buying this house.他花了两百万英镑买这个房子。

12．They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.[译文]它们允许人们无论在何时何地与彼此联系。

allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事e.g.My father doesn’t allow me to get out at night alone. 我爸爸不允许我晚上单独出门。

My parents allow me to watch TV on weekends. 我父母允许我周末看电视。