〖集锦19套合集〗福建省福州市长乐高级中学2020-2021学年高三最后一模化学试题含解析
2020-2021学年福建省长乐第一中学高三语文一模试卷及答案
2020-2021学年福建省长乐第一中学高三语文一模试卷及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
强国论坛：您认为我们国家在探月工程方面取得巨大成就的主要原因是什么？叶培建：我们国家在探月工程当中能取得五战五捷的成绩，首先得益于我们国家的体制和机制。
中国是一个社会主义国家，发展航天事业历来是发挥社会主义制度的优越性，举全国之力，集中力量办大事，嫦娥工程也是如此。
我国探月工程的顶层规划设计比较好，做第一步就准备第二步，看第三步，每一步都继承了前面的成果，有新的发展；我们这支队伍很努力、很年轻，在全国人民的支持下，我们不仅发扬了航天精神，也为航天精神注入了新的要素，伟大事业都始于梦想、基于创新成于实干。
强国论坛：您能不能用通俗的语言解释一下，探索太空对我们的日常生活有哪些意义？叶培建：这是一个古老而又新鲜的问题。
坦率地讲，太空的研究，有的时候你要马上说它有什么用处是很难回答的。
就当前来说，去月亮、去火星对我们当前的生活有什么改变和影响，为时太早。
但是、就像我们的海洋权益一样，太空、宇宙就是一个海洋，太空里面的各个行星，各个星球就是大大小小的岛屿、从长远泉说，为了探索太空，维护我们的太空权益，我们必须要去。
具体来说，尿不湿、数码相机、粘扣，这些都是航天技术应用到我们民间来的。
所以，无论从眼前利益还是长远角度来看、未来开发太空，必定会对人类有重大的影响。
强国论坛：您如何评价年轻一代航天人？叶培建：青年一代的航天人有着一种很好的航天精神，中国航天有这一批年轻人，有希望。
我认为航天发展到今天，取得了那么多的自主知识产权，建立了很多的基础设施，但都比不上一条，我们留下了一支非常有战斗力的队伍。
强国论坛：您带领团队在关键技术的突破过程中有哪些难忘的故事？叶培建：这支年轻的队伍克服了很多困难。
地球外层有二氧化碳，会发热，我们过去探测地球主要是靠一个红外探测仪。
但是月亮上没有红外，怎么找到月亮？就需要有紫外，我们做紫外探测器、紫外敏感器，紫外敏感器是我们全新的研究。
2020届福建省长乐高级中学高三语文模拟试题及答案
2020届福建省长乐高级中学高三语文模拟试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
我从荒漠来冯苓植我爱荒漠，我爱骆驼，我差点成了个土莫沁！公元一九五九年，我从大学毕业了，自愿申请到内蒙古西部的荒僻地区，分配到一所以治沙为主的林业学校当教员，开始涉足于乌兰布和、巴丹吉林等大沙漠，从此和荒漠结下了不解之缘。
就这样，海海漫漫的戈壁荒原就成了我的家，我开始和一些沉默的朋友打交道：牛马、羊、骆驼，还有那些沙原兔、沙原孤、沙原跳鼠，以及遍地乱蹿的沙原蜥蜴……当然，我的老师还是那些奔放的牧马人、美丽纯真的牧羊姑娘，更重要的还有那些魁梧深沉的土莫沁——放驼人。
沙海周围的戈壁荒漠，统称为阿拉善草原，集中着全国近一半的骆驼。
这些放驼人可称为戈壁滩上的骄子、茫茫瀚海上的水手。
他们整日里驾驭着沙漠之舟，冒着烈日酷暑，在风沙的狂涛恶浪里来去无踪。
我发现，他们话少，心中的牢骚更少，仿佛正因为这样，胸怀里才会为他人留出更多的地方。
在墨绿色的骆驼刺丛旁，我虽然只能和他们挤在一顶小小的帐篷里，却觉得心里分外舒畅和坦荡。
这其间，我还学会了一种特殊的晒衣方法。
一件衬衣洗干净后，直接就摊开在明沙上，片刻就干了，一抖沙尘，即洁白无比。
但我当时并不懂得沙子还有净化人们心灵的作用。
初到荒漠，我很幼稚，耐不得寂寞，也不甘心寂寞……一开始，我骑马，从马背上摔下来；骑驴，让驴子掀翻在地；骑牛，又觉得有失身份。
骆驼虽高，却很老实，而且背有双峰，抱一个、靠一个，跨在其间，其乐无穷。
当时我年仅二十岁，高高在上，自我感觉良好，颇有骑士风度。
但有一次穿过沙漠去驮盐，这种风度就随着沙漠的温度发生了彻底的变化……广袤的大漠，死寂的沙海。
雄浑，静穆，板着个脸，总是给你一种颜色看：黄沙、黄沙、永远是灼热的黄沙。
仿佛大自然在这里把汹涌的波涛、排空的怒浪，刹那间凝固了起来，让它永远静止不动。
浩浩渺渺，起伏不断，人在其间，顿时显得那么渺小，我感到自己只不过是一粒沙。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BDisease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab atIowaStateUniversity, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are trulynon-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.4. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?A. The way mosquitoes spread disease.B. The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.C. The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.D. The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.5. What is a disadvantage of DEET?A. It won’t be effective for long.B. It can’t be applied universally.C. It causes discomfort to the users.D. It greatly harms people’s health.6. What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?A. They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B. They are mainly used in the open air.C. They are more effective on human skin.D. They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.7. What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.CIf you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener ,the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plantsThe Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that carries on top of its head .Using light and heats sensors (传感器) the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out the daylight .If the houseplant needs more sun，the Hexa will walk into the sunlight ;and if the houseplant is getting too hot , the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner .The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014 .” Plants only receive an action without responding ,”SunTianqi wrote in a blog post .” Whether they are being cut ,bitten ,burned or pulled from the earth ,or when they haven’t received enough sunshine ,water ,or are too hot or cold ,they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them .According to Sun Tianqi ,for billions of years ,plants have never experienced movement of any kind ,not eventhe simplest movement .In their whole lives ,they stick to where they were born .Sun Tianqi continued ,” Do they want break their own settings or have a tendency towards this ?I do not know the answer ,but would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants With the help of the robot ,plants can experience the move”.The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale ,though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model .It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants8. What can we learn about the Hexa Plant?A. It helps people do some gardening .B. It waters the plants through dancingC. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlightD. It carries the potted plant with its hands9. What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3?A. The way plants spend their whole livesB. The common way people deal with plantsC. The difference between plants and humansD. The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.10. What does Sun Tianqi try do using this technology?A. To develop gardening skills.B. To draw people’s attention plantsC. make plants experience moveD. study the living conditions of plants11. What can be the best title for the text?A. A New Market for robotsB. An Indoor Plants’ HelperC. An Important Development in GardeningD The Tendency of Gardening in the FutureDWhen 36-year-old J Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding, the only trouble he expected to have was his own ability to get back on the skateboard after such a long time. However, the 340-pound skateboarder soon realizedthatwas the least of his problems.Duran's problems began before he even stepped on a skateboard. He couldn't find anything for fat skaters. What Duran did find was a belief that plus-size people should not be skating. Determined to do something to change the image(形象) of plus-size people in sports, Duran set up Chub Rollz—a skating and skateboarding community for overweight skaters. He knew that not only did he need to get back into it to prove people wrong, but he needed to create a safe space where others can haverepresentation as well.To encourage plus-size people to take part in the fun sport, Duran created a list of recommended products for fat skaters. He also hosted roller skating and skateboarding classes to teach beginners.After an article about his thoughts in the San Francisco Chronicle, Duran received lots of messages from strangers thanking him for giving them the courage to take up skateboarding. He has also been contacted by some skateboarding brands offering to create larger clothing sizes and beenoffered free equipment by skating organizations like "Skate Like a Giri ".Though encouraged, Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to remove body image stereotypes(刻板印象).“I want to see more changes in communities. Maybe skate shops create a more welcoming environment for all types of skaters. Or boards are made in a variety of strengths and sizes—everyone is making thinner, lighter products, but sometimes we need those heavy-duty choices to stay available," he explains.For those hesitant of taking up their desired activity due to their body size, Duran has this to say:“Be kind to yourself. Just because you don't see it doesn't mean you can't be it.”12. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The skateboard.B. His hobby.C. His ability.D. The time.13. Why did Duran found Chub Rollz?A. To realize his childhood dream.B. To help plus-size people lose weight.C. To fight for the equal right for fat people.D. To change people's impression of the fat in sports.14. Which word can best describe Duran?A. Generous.B. Inspiring.C. Adaptable.D. Talented.15. Which is most likely Duran's belief?A. Everyone has a gift for sports.B.No one is too fat to enjoy sports.C. Fat people do deserve social concern.D. Skateboarding is most suitable for fat people.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年福建省长乐第一中学高三语文模拟试题及答案
2020-2021学年福建省长乐第一中学高三语文模拟试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文本，完成下列各题。
病人①每天下午，她都准时来到医院大门口左侧的台阶上，铺下一张报纸，静静地坐在那儿看书。
那是一本很厚的书。
她的面前是一个花坛，红色的郁金香正在灿烂地开放。
在她若有所思的时候，能看到她的那双大眼睛，平静而且清澈。
虽然病号服并不合体，但并不能掩盖住她典雅的气质。
②她很友善，每当有人找她问事的时候，她表现得非常耐心。
我想，她有可能是位教师或幼儿园阿姨。
③起风了，她轻轻地合上那本书，又整整齐齐把那张报纸叠好，转身走进了大楼。
④楼内的人渐渐多了起来，这个点有上班的，也有下班的，正好又是探视的日子。
电梯刚停下，人们争着拥了进去。
电梯马上就有了反应，发出“受不了”的报警声，最后上来的人没有下去的意思，她就从中间挤了出来，等下一趟。
⑤下一趟人照样很多，不过还好，电梯没有报警，人们纷纷选择自己要去的楼层数。
有个农民模样的大伯触动数字7的时候，那数字就是不亮。
他有些着急，还有些紧张。
一遍一遍地摁。
但没有人告诉他为什么。
她发现后，急忙说：“大伯，这部电梯双层停。
”大伯仍然没有明白过来什么是“双层停”。
说话间已经到了8层。
大伯不知道该怎么办，不肯下。
她非常客气地对电梯内的人说：“请等我一下，我把他送到楼梯口。
”她让大伯从8层走到7层。
其实楼梯离电梯也就四五步远，她很快就回来了，电梯内的不少人只是表情严肃，并没有说什么。
当然，肯定有人心里会想：这人真多事。
⑥电梯慢慢上行，一位手捧花篮的小伙子自言自语：“口腔科病房是不是在12层？”她主动接过来说：“是的，往左拐。
”⑦电梯到了14层，一位急忙下电梯的姑娘不小心丢下了插在塑料袋里的一枝玫瑰。
塑料袋里有几盒营养品，但只有这一枝玫瑰。
这时电梯门将要关上，她迅速触动开门钮并捡起那枝玫瑰，她还没有说完“请等我一下”就跨出了电梯，她一定想把那枝玫瑰还给那位姑娘。
福建省福州市长乐区长乐高级中学2025届高三最后一卷语文试卷含解析
福建省福州市长乐区长乐高级中学2025届高三最后一卷语文试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
1、补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。
（1）岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》中，“__________，__________”两句描写了黄昏之景，但景中使用了暖色调。
（2）《离骚》屈原控诉当时人们的行为没有准则，一味投机钻营。
对此作者忧愁烦闷，不由爆发出痛苦而无奈的悲叹：“__________，_________。
”（3）杜甫在《登高》中发出“__________，__________”的感慨，抒发了漂泊异乡，年老体衰的惆怅之情，也蕴含着与生命的衰弱顽强抗争的精神。
2、阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
在过去的一百年中，汉语。
作家白先勇总结现代汉语的命运时说：“百年中文，内忧外患。
”其外，有西方语言的，现代汉语严重欧化；其内，则是母语自信心不断衰微，中文成为追逐现代化过程中不断遭到修葺的对象。
没有一种语言像中文这样，这一百多年中经受如此多的磨难。
从晚清效仿日本明治维新的“言文一致”运动开始，汉语经历了“五四”白话文运动、推行世界语、汉字的拉丁化、语言大众化和解放后的繁体字简化方案，80年代的电脑化挑战等困难。
面对民族生存危机和现代化召唤，渴望融入世界的中国知识分子甚至喊出了“汉字不灭，中国必亡”的过激口号。
作家王蒙曾呼吁全球华人展开一场汉语保卫战。
王蒙先生针对的主要是由于英语在国内的普遍使用，使得汉语遭受到前所未有的伤害。
但是，危机已不仅仅来自外语的威胁，，更让人忧心忡忡。
（）。
在历史与现实、“内忧”与“外患”的双重夹击中，汉语如何其传统血脉，创造新的辉煌，这是摆在当代中国人面前的急迫问题。
2020-2021学年福建省长乐高级中学高三语文一模试卷及答案解析
2020-2021学年福建省长乐高级中学高三语文一模试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
今天是星期二蒋子龙今天一接班我就发现住院部的气氛不对头，老护士们的脸上都笼罩替一种严肃、神秘，甚至还有点恶作剧般的神色。
医院越大，秘密越多，咱新来乍到，不敢多嘴多舌，只能老老实实地听老护士们支使。
“小董，今天是星期二，快给‘特护’换衣服、换褥子！”“小董，今天是星期二，快把一○一号病房打扫干净，尤其是那块玻璃，千万要擦干净！”……这真怪了！星期二是个什么日子？是耶稣受难，还是灶王爷上天？再说哪个一○一号病房？全楼就十个病房六十张床位，我怎么就没听说还有个特护病人？“小董，你就别怔神了！”护士长把一团抹布塞到我手里，领我登上了中二楼，推开一扇写有“病人止步”四个红漆大字的玻璃门，眼前是座结构奇特的“楼外楼”：宽敞干净的圆形楼道，中间是个天井，光线充足，四周幽静。
天井四周的石栏杆上摆着鲜花和盆景，围着天井有十间高级病房，编号是101，102，……直到11O，每个病房只有一张床，电视机、沙发倒很齐全。
我简直看傻了，医院里还有这样优美的胜地，真象进了一座魔宫。
护士长叫我只管擦101号病房上的玻璃，还要擦得让人看不出有玻璃一样。
我一边擦玻璃，一边打量那位特护病人。
猛一看着实吓了一跳，这与其说是病人，还不如说是死人：全身已经萎缩，既小又干，活象个蜡人。
腿上输着葡萄糖液，鼻子插着氧气管，床边还放着心脏起搏器。
我耐着性子看了半天，才发现这个人确实还有口气。
这是谁呀？当我分配到这个医院以后，妈妈千叮咛万嘱咐，说这里是大医院，省里的头头都在这儿看病。
医院里很多人都跟省里头头有关系，你分不清谁是谁的人，不该问的别打听。
可是这一会儿我的好奇心实在憋不住了，用最小的声音悄悄问护士长：“他是谁？”“副省长！”急性子的护士长声音象敲锣一样响，吓了我一跳，急忙冲她摆手。
“小点声。
别让他听见。
2020-2021学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2020-2021学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People FedYuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator, known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.Yuan graduated from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage sweptChina, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. He then began a lifelong connection with rice.Yuan succeeded in growing the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu (about 0.067 hectares), rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuan’s team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.InChina, where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people, the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57 % of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam, thePhilippinesandMadagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the country’s rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan’s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwestChina’sQinghaiProvince. The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams — to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.1. What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?A. A serious food shortage.B. Agriculture development.C. His interest in the rice experiment.D. His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.2. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping ________.A. developed a variety of hybrid riceB. worked as a scientist after graduationC. started to grow seawater rice inDubaiin 2017D. grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 19533. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longping’s most outstanding qualities are________.A. modest and outgoingB. honest and creativeC. generous and optimisticD. responsible and devotedBMark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It's life-changing but it's not life-ending,” he says. “Doing work is harder now. Everything is just a little different.”After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to make light of his condition by asking Eric Catalano, a tattoo (纹身) artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”When Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that looked so real that no one could believe their eyes, he had no idea the image would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world.The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical (辅助医疗的) tattooing. Now people with life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop. They enter Eternal Ink looking for the artistic healing they saw online. Using flesh-toned (肉色的) inks and a needle, Catalano transforms his clients' view of themselves.Leslie Pollan, 32, a dog breeder in Oxford, was bitten on the face by a puppy in 2014. She underwent countless surgeries to correct a scar on her lip.“Plastic surgery gave me no hope,” she says. “So I looked for other options.” She ultimately traveled six hours to meet with Catalano. He hid Pollan's lip scar, giving her back a piece of her confidence.“ You don't understand until you've been through it,” Pollan says. “It made me have a different look on life.”Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn'tcharge for paramedical tattoos. “Financially, it doesn't make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see that emotion from my customers, I'm 100 percent sure this is something that I can't stop doing.”4. What best describes people's attitude when first hearing of fingernail tattoos?A. Indifferent.B. Ridiculous.C. Confident.D. Surprised.5. What did Catalano do to help Leslie Pollan?A. He drew an artistic puppy.B. He inked scars on her face.C. He created a lip tattoo.D. He performed plastic surgeries on her.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Cosmetic surgery is of no use.B. Tattoos earn Mark Bertram a good fame.C. Catalano is a kind and generous person.D. Fingernail tattoos are popular around the world.7. What could be the best title for the text?A. A Life-changing EventB. Miracle TattoosC. An Amazing ArtistD. A Promising BusinessCAs a 51-year-old first-aid responder since 1984, Jeffrey never knows what type of situation he might walk into, or who he'll meet along the wayTen years into the job, Jeffrey received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Jeffrey and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to calm the man to keep him under control and offer necessary first aid. After Jeffrey dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.Jeffrey thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier."You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I'd have," the man said. He thanked Jeffrey repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Jeffrey instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago"That day changed my life," Jeffrey said. "Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the effect you can have on someone's life."8. What did Jeffrey do with the young man?A. He cured the man at the scene.B. He took care of the man's wife and son.C. He only sent the man to hospital.D. He did what was needed9. What did Jeffrey think of the encounter with the man at Office Max?A. It was a common routine.B. It was troublesomeC. It was unbelievableD. It was a dangerous situation.10. Why was the man thankful to Jeffrey?A. Jeffrey helped bring up his little sonB. Jeffrey donated to support his family.C. Jeffrey's help gave him the present happy life.D. Jeffrey's kindness taught his son to be a new doctor.11. How did the meeting change Jeffrey's life?A. He was rewarded with much moneyB. He changed his attitude to his job.C. He got a promotion to be a team leader.D. He took up teaching work to train newcomers.DOne weekend I went toBuffaloto talk at a writers' conference organized by a group of women writers. The women were serious about their writing skills, and the articles they had written were solid and useful. They asked me to take part in a radio talk show earlier in the week to publicize the conference-they would be with the host in the studio and I would be on a telephone linking from my apartment inNew York.The appointed evening arrived, and my phone rang, and the host came on and greeted me. He said he had three lovely ladies in the studio with him and he was eager to find out what we all thought of the present state of literature and what advice we had for all his listeners who were members of the literati and had literary ambitionsthemselves.This hearty introduction dropped like a stone among us, and none of the three lovely ladies said anything, which I thought was the proper response.The silence lengthened, and finally I said, “I think we should stop mentioning the words literature and literary and literati. We're here to talk about the skills of writing.” Iknew that the host had been given information about what kind of writers we were and what we wanted to discuss. But he had no other preparation. "Tell me what insights do you have about the literary experience inAmericatoday?” Silence also greeted this question.He didn’t know what to do with that, and he began to mention the names of authors like Ernest Hemingway and Saul Bellow and William Styron, whom we surely regarded as literary giants. We said those writers didn't happen to be our models, and we mentioned people like Lewis Thomas and Joan Didion and Gary Wills, whom he hadn't heard of. We explained that these were writers we admired. “But don't you want to write anything literary?” our host said We were speechless.It was one of the all-time upset radio talk shows.12. What do we know about the talk show?A. It was organized by women writers.B. It was publicized at the conference.C. The author went toBuffaloto take part in it.D. The author participated in it inNew York.13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?A. The introduction struck us heavily with a stone.B. The introduction received embarrassing response.C. The introduction increased the listeners' interest.D. The introduction carried the host's praise for us.14. What was the author's reaction when the host mentioned the three great literary- giants?A. Excited.B. Inspired.C. Uninterested.D. Satisfied.15. Who may be the author's model?A. Joan Didion.B. Ernest Hemingway.C. Saul Bellow.D. William Styron.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2021年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashington D.C. SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.The Old Town Trolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites including Museum of African American History and Culture.Comedy Walks Washington D.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1.Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour2.Which tour lasts longest?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour3.Where will you read this text most likely?A.In a guidebook.B.In a magazine.C.In a newspaper.D.On the Internet.BEvery day in the United States animals are beaten, ignored, or forced to struggle for survival. Left in poor conditions with no food or water, they have little hope as they live out their days without the mercy they deserve. Some are found and rescued, given the chance to experience how great life and humans can be; others aren't so lucky. To grow as a nation, we must fight for these abused(受虐待的) animals’ rights and seriously punish heartless owners.One of the first steps in protecting animals and creating effective cruelty laws is to know what animal cruelty actually is. There are two categories: passive cruelty and active cruelty. The first involves acts of omission, meaning the abuse happens as a result of ignorance or lack of action. Passive cruelty might seem less serious, but that is not the case; it can lead to terrible pain and suffering, and finally death. Examples include starvation, inadequate shelter in extreme weather conditions, and the failure to get medical care. Passive cruelty is sometimes due to the owner's ignorance, so many animal control officers will first try to educate ignorant owners on how to properly care for animals before giving them a citation(传票) or putting them in prison.Active cruelty, on the other hand, is more well-known and disturbing. Sometimes referred to as non-accidental injury, this type of abuse involves purposeful harm on an animal in order to feel more powerful or gain control. Active cruelty against animals should be taken very seriously, since it can be a sign that a person has serious psychological issues and may commit more acts of violence---possibly against humans.It is hard to tell just what drives people to harm innocent animals. Most animal abusers find some sort of achievement or power in torturing a victim that they know can't fight back. While not all animal abusers become serial killers, it is important to take every case seriously.As a nation we need to make it our right to come together and ensure the safety of our beloved pets. As Margaret Mead once said, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”4. What is the first step to do with the passive cruelty abusers?A. To throw them into prison.B. To bring the case to the court.C. To teach them how to treat animals.D. To give them a strong warning.5. We can learn from Para.3 that active cruelty ______.A. is actually a sign of power or controlB. has been taken seriously in the nationC. may lead to serious psychological problemsD. may cause acts of violence against humans6. What is the author’s attitude towards animal cruelty?A. Uncertain.B. Doubtful.C. Concerned.D. Pessimistic.7. The author wrote this passage to ______.A. warn those heartless pet ownersB. tell people the harm of animal crueltyC. explain the reasons why people harm animalsD. call on people to fight for the abused animalsCDogs are often called as “man's best friend”, MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua（吉娃娃）, was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog Competition on October 19, 2020.In its tenth year in 2020 the annual contest is the brainchild of American Humane, the country's first national charitable organization founded for the safety and well-being of animals. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make extremely great contributions to society.The competition of 2020 attracted over 400 entries（参赛者）from across the country. These heroic dogs have gone above the call of duty, saving lives, comforting the ill and aged and reminding us of the powerful, age-old ties between animals and people. While all were impressive, it was tiny MacKenzie who wonthe judges' hearts.MacKenzie's growth was not easy. Born with a mouth disability, she had to be fed through a tube（管子）for the first year of her life. Despite her own struggles, she always seemed to think more of other animals in need. “Never have I seen such a will to live. Though sick, she carefully looked after the baby animals at the rescue（救助）center,” said her caretaker.A life-saving operation performed in 2014 gave MacKenzie the ability to eat independently. The seven-year-old chihuahua is now working for the Mia Foundation, an organization that rescues and nurses animals with inborn disabilities. The chihuahua does an excellent job and has raised various animals. She plays nurse, cleans, comforts and hugs them, acting as their mother and teaching them how to socialize, play and have good manners.In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also visits schools to educate kids about the importance of accepting physical differences in both animals and people. Her heartwarming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie a worthy receiver ofAmerica's top dog honor.8. What can we infer about the American Hero Dog Competition?A. It was first held in 2010B. It was held to honor caretakers of dogs.C. It takes place every ten years.D. It was started by a charitable organization.9. With what quality did MacKenzie win the award?A. Talent and braveryB. Friendliness and care.C. Courage and selflessness.D. Confidence and independence.10. In which aspect can students benefit from MacKenzie's visits?A. Learning from failures.B. Understanding the disabled.C. Valuing physical health.D. Developing practical ability.11. What's the best title for the text?A. Dogs Are Man's Best Friends.B. Treat Dogs the Way We Want to Be Treated.C. Touching Stories between MacKenzie and PeopleD. 2020 American Hero Dog: A TinyChihuahua.DThere is nothing ordinary about this little boy's adorable experience with his musical heroes.5-year-old Taylor Hooper was just one of the 35,0000people who were attending the Foo Fighters concert in Belfast, Norther Ireland last week. Not only is the American rock group his favorite band, it was also his first ever concert.Taylor's mother, Nikki Hooper, says that she and her husband have always been huge fans of the Foo Fighters. In addition to traveling far and wide to see their shows, they even named their son after the drummer, Taylor Hawkins. So when the band played in their home city, they decided it was finally time for their son to see their beloved rock and rockers in concert.“He's been listening to them since he was born — mainly because his dad and I are super fans.” Mrs Hooper told BBC. “We called the event organizers and they said it would be no problem, but that we should know it would be a loud music event, so we gotTaylorsome special headphones. When we got there everyone was so welcoming to him.”Throughout the show, the audience continuously madeTaylorand his parents move closer to the stage. Furthermore, Mrs. Hooper helped her son stand out from the crowd by making him a sign that said he was a 5-year-old attending his first concert.When Foo Fighters front man Dave Grohl finally saw the sign and read it aloud into the microphone, the crowd began chanting for them to bring the youngster onto the stage. That's exactly what he did. When the stage managers brought the boy to the stage, Grohl asked Taylor to show the crowd how to dance．The small boy then danced to the whole song, making him an “Inter net wonder”.Taylordidn't just walk away from the show with memories, either;the band also invited him backstage to give him a number of gifts, includinga pair of Taylor Hawkins's drumsticks.12. What is Foo Fighters in the passage?A. I's a music show.B. It's a music band.C. It's a pop song.D. It's a music fan.13. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that_______．A. the organizers refused to let the child watch the showB. there was nothing wrong for the child to watch the showC. the organizers suggested the kid take care of the loud noiseD. the child felt so scared that he didn't want to go to the stage14. How did 5-year-old Taylor Hooper cause people's attention?A. By shouting loudly.B. By running to the singers.C. By holding a sign showing his age.D. By dancing to the whole song.15. How didTaylorfeel about his first ever concert?A. Worried.B. Scared.C. Sorry.D. Pleased.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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福建省福州市长乐高级中学2020-2021学年高三最后一模化学试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题(共包括22个小题。
每小题均只有一个符合题意的选项）1、2019年诺贝尔化学奖花落锂离子电池，美英日三名科学家获奖，他们创造了一个可充电的世界。
像高能LiFePO4电池，多应用于公共交通。
电池中间是聚合物的隔膜，主要作用是在反应过程中只让Li+通过。
结构如图所示。
原理如下：(1−x)LiFePO4+xFePO4+Li x C n LiFePO4+nC。
下列说法不正确．．．的是（）A．放电时，正极电极反应式：xFePO4+xLi++xe-=xLiFePO4B．放电时，电子由负极经导线、用电器、导线到正极C．充电时，阴极电极反应式：xLi++xe-+nC=Li x C nD．充电时，Li+向左移动2、下列关于有机物1－氧杂－2，4－环戊二烯()的说法正确的是( )A．与互为同系物B．二氯代物有3种(不考虑立体异构)C．所有原子都处于同一平面内D．1mol该有机物完全燃烧消耗5mol O23、某种化合物的结构如图所示，其中X、Y、Z、Q、W 为原子序数依次增大的五种短周期主族元素，Q 核外最外层电子数与Y 核外电子总数相同，X 的原子半径是元素周期表中最小的。
下列叙述正确的是A．WX 的水溶液呈碱性B．由X、Y、Q、W 四种元素形成的化合物的水溶液一定呈碱性C．元素非金属性的顺序为：Y>Z>QD．该化合物中与Y 单键相连的Q 不满足8 电子稳定结构4、中国工程院院士、国家卫健委高级别专家组成员李兰娟团队，于2月4日公布阿比朵尔、达芦那韦可抑制新型病毒。
如图所示有机物是合成阿比朵尔的原料，关于该有机物下列说法正确的是（）A．可以发生加成反应、取代反应、水解反应和氧化反应B．易溶于水和有机溶剂C．分子结构中含有三种官能团D．分子中所有碳原子一定共平面5、下列过程中，共价键被破坏的是A．木炭吸附溴蒸气B．干冰升华C．葡萄糖溶于水D．氯化氢溶于水6、下列有关实验操作的叙述正确的是A．制备乙酸乙酯时，将乙醇和乙酸依次加入到浓硫酸中B．用苯萃取溴水中的溴时，将溴的苯溶液从分液漏斗下口放出C．在蒸馏操作中，应先通入冷凝水后加热蒸馏烧瓶D．向容量瓶中转移液体时，引流用的玻璃棒不可以接触容量瓶内壁7、下列颜色变化与氧化还原反应有关的是（）A．氨气遇到HCl气体后产生白烟B．品红溶液通入SO2气体后褪色C．湿润的淀粉碘化钾试纸遇Cl2变蓝D．在无色火焰上灼烧NaCl火焰呈黄色8、下列说法中，正确的是A．78g Na2O2固体含有离子的数目为4N AB．由水电离出的c(H＋)=10−12mol·L−1溶液中Na＋、NH4+、SO42−、NO3−一定能大量共存C．硫酸酸化的KI淀粉溶液久置后变蓝的反应为：4I−+O2+4H+=2I2+2H2OD．将充有NO 2的玻璃球浸到热水中气体颜色加深说明2NO2(g)N2O4(g) △H >09、设N A为阿伏加德罗常数值。
如图表示N2O在Pt2O+表面与CO反应转化成无害气体的过程。
下列说法正确的是A．N2O转化成无害气体时的催化剂是Pt2O2+B．每1mol Pt2O+转化为Pt2O2+得电子数为3N AC．将生成的CO2通人含大量SiO32-、Na+、Cl-的溶液中，无明显现象D．1g CO2、N2O的混合气体中含有电子数为0.5N A10、下列各组中的离子，能在溶液中大量共存的是A．K+、H+、SO42-、AlO2-B．H+、Fe2+、NO3-、Cl-C．Mg2+、Na+、Cl-、SO42-D．Na+、K+、OH-、HCO3-11、下列说法正确的是()A．碘单质或NH4Cl的升华过程中，不需克服化学键B．Na2O2属于离子化合物，该物质中阴、阳离子数之比为1∶1C．CO2和SiO2中，都存在共价键，它们的晶体都属于分子晶体D．金刚石和足球烯(C60)虽均为碳单质，但晶体类别不同，前者属于原子晶体，后者属于分子晶体12、分析生产生活中的下列过程，不涉及氧化还原反应的是（）A．铜制品、铁制品在潮湿的空气中生锈B．缺铁性贫血服用补铁剂时，需与维生维C同时服用C．将氯气通入冷的消石灰中制漂白粉D．从海水中提取氯化镁13、下列有关化学反应与能量变化的说法正确的是A．如图所示的化学反应中，反应物的键能之和大于生成物的键能之和B．相同条件下，氢气和氧气反应生成液态水比生成等量的气态水放出的热量少C．金刚石在一定条件下转化成石墨能量变化如图所示，热反应方程式可为:C(s金刚石) =C(s，石墨) ∆H ＝-(E2—E3)kJ·mol—1D．同温同压下，H2(g)+C12(g)==2HCl(g)能量变化如图所示，在光照和点燃条件下的△H相同14、在化学能与电能的转化过程中，下列叙述正确的是A．电解饱和食盐水时，阳极得到Cl2 和NaOH(aq)B．教材所示的铜-锌原电池在工作时，Zn2+ 向铜片附近迁移C．电镀时，电镀槽里的负极材料发生氧化反应D．原电池与电解池连接后，电子从原电池负极流向电解池阳极15、下列方程式不能正确表示某沉淀溶解过程的是A．热的浓盐酸洗涤试管内壁的MnO2：MnO2＋4H＋＋2Cl－ΔMn2＋＋Cl2↑＋2H2OB．热的NaOH溶液洗涤试管内壁的S：3S＋6NaOHΔ2Na2S＋Na2SO3＋3H2OC．向石灰石粉的悬浊液中持续通CO2：Ca(OH)2＋2CO2＝Ca(HCO3)2D．稀硫酸可除去铁锈：Fe2O3＋6H＋＝2Fe3＋＋3H2O16、常温下，向21mL1．1mol• L－1HB溶液中逐滴滴入1．1mol• L－1NaOH溶液，所得PH变化曲线如图所示。
下列说法错误的是A．OA各点溶液均存在：c（B－）＞c（Na＋）B．C至D各点溶液导电能力依次增强C．点O时，pH＞1D．点C时，X约为11.417、下列反应生成物不受反应物的用量或浓度影响的是A．硫酸与氯化钠反应B．硝酸银溶液中滴加稀氨水C．铁在硫蒸气中燃烧D．铁粉加入硝酸中18、根据表中提供的信息判断下列叙述错误的是组号今加反应的物质生成物①MnO4－、Cl－···Cl2、Mn2＋···②Cl2(少量)、FeBr2FeCl3、FeBr3③KMnO4、H2O2、H2SO4K2SO4、MnSO4…A．第①组反应中生成0.5mol Cl2，转移1mol电子B．第②组反应中参加反应的Cl2与FeBr2的物质的量之比为l：2C．第③组反应的其余产物为O2和H2OD．氧化性由强到弱的顺序为MnO4－> Cl2>Fe3＋>Br219、硫酸钙是一种用途非常广泛的产品，可用于生产硫酸、漂白粉等一系列物质（见下图）。
下列说法正确的是A．CO、SO2、SO3均是酸性氧化物B．工业上利用Cl2和澄清石灰水反应来制取漂白粉C．除去与水反应，图示转化反应均为氧化还原反应D．用CO合成CH3OH进而合成HCHO的两步反应，原子利用率均为100%20、下列实验中，所使用的装置(夹持装置略)、试剂和操作方法都正确的是( )A．观察Fe（OH）2的生成B．配制一定物质的量浓度的NaCO3溶液C．除去CO中的CO2D．实验室模拟制备NaHCO321、下列说法错误的是（）A．光照下，1 mol CH4最多能与4 mol Cl2发生取代反应，产物中物质的量最多的是HClB．将苯滴入溴水中，振荡、静置，上层接近无色C．邻二氯苯仅有一种结构可证明苯环结构中不存在单双键交替结构D．乙醇、乙酸都能与金属钠反应，且在相同条件下乙酸比乙醇与金属钠的反应更剧烈22、ClO2和NaClO2均具有漂白性，工业上用ClO2气体制NaClO2的工艺流程如图所示。
下列说法不正确的是A．步骤a的操作包括过滤、洗涤和干燥B．吸收器中生成NaClO2的离子方程式为2ClO2+H2O2=2ClO2－+2H+ +O2↑C．工业上将ClO2气体制成NaCIO2固体,其主要目的是便于贮存和运输D．通入的空气的目的是驱赶出ClO2，使其被吸收其充分吸收二、非选择题(共84分)23、（14分）二乙酸乙二酯可由X裂解得到的A和B合成。
有关物质的转化关系如下：回答下列问题：(1)B的结构简式为________。
(2)反应③的反应类型为________。
(3)C和C2H6O2反应的化学方程式为___________________________________。
(4)下列说法不正确的是________。
A．鉴别A和B也可以用溴水B．C2H6O也可以分两步氧化成CC．C2H2O2和C2H6O在浓硫酸作用下也可以加热生成C6H10O4D．X一定是丁烷24、（12分）化合物H是一种药物合成中间体，其合成路线如下：(1)A→B的反应的类型是____________反应。
(2)化合物H中所含官能团的名称是____________和____________。
(3)化合物C的结构简式为___________。
B→C反应时会生成一种与C互为同分异构体的副产物，该副产物的结构简式为___________。
(4)D的一种同分异构体同时满足下列条件，写出该同分异构体的结构简式：____________。
①能发生水解反应，所得两种水解产物均含有3种化学环境不同的氢；②分子中含有六元环，能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色。
(5)已知：CH3CH2OH。
写出以环氧乙烷（）、、乙醇和乙醇钠为原料制备的合成路线流程图_______________（无机试剂和有机溶剂任用，合成路线流程图示例见本题题干）。
25、（12分）铜锈的主要成分是铜绿，某化学兴趣小组为了研究铜生锈的条件，进行了如下图所示的实验。
一月后，发现B中的铜丝慢慢生锈，且水面处铜丝生锈较为严重，而A、C、D中的铜丝基本无变化。
试根据实验回答下列问题：(1)铜生锈所需要的条件是：铜与________相互作用发生化学反应的结果。
(2)写出铜生锈产生铜绿[Cu2(OH)2CO3]的化学反应方程式________。
(3)推测铜和铁，________更易生锈。
26、（10分）三氯氧磷(POCl3)是一种工业化工原料，可用于制取有机磷农药、长效磺胺药物等，还可用作染料中间体、有机合成的氯化剂和催化剂、阻燃剂等。